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Higher category theory

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1165: 503: 1412: 1432: 1422: 400:, and higher-level generalizations are increasingly harder to define explicitly. Several definitions have been given, and telling when they are equivalent, and in what sense, has become a new object of study in category theory. 308:, where "weak" structures arise in the form of higher categories, strict cubical higher homotopy groupoids have also arisen as giving a new foundation for algebraic topology on the border between 341:, the associativity and identity conditions are no longer strict (that is, they are not given by equalities), but rather are satisfied up to an isomorphism of the next level. An example in 470:
Topologically enriched categories (sometimes simply called topological categories) are categories enriched over some convenient category of topological spaces, e.g. the category of
456:) do not agree with the corresponding notions in the sense of enriched categories. The same for other enriched models like topologically enriched categories. 1468: 448:
Simplicially enriched categories, or simplicial categories, are categories enriched over simplicial sets. However, when we look at them as a model for
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These are models of higher categories introduced by Hirschowitz and Simpson in 1998, partly inspired by results of Graeme Segal in 1974.
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showed that they are a good foundation for higher category theory. Recently, in 2009, the theory has been systematized further by
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in order to be able to explicitly study the structure behind those equalities. Higher category theory is often applied in
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who simply calls them infinity categories, though the latter term is also a generic term for all models of (infinity,
388:, were the first to be defined explicitly. A particularity of these is that a bicategory with one object is exactly a 1642: 1478: 1425: 1211: 1075: 983: 780: 516: 96:. This approach is particularly valuable when dealing with spaces with intricate topological features, such as the 1609: 1384: 1028: 966: 889: 521: 471: 280: 1415: 1371: 976: 795: 113: 1589: 971: 953: 453: 97: 59: 1675: 1632: 1594: 1499: 944: 924: 847: 449: 257: 176: 109: 1652: 1627: 1060: 899: 727:, a wiki dedicated to polished expositions of categorical and higher categorical mathematics with proofs 502: 1647: 1604: 872: 867: 465: 67: 1657: 1216: 1164: 1094: 1090: 894: 1579: 1526: 1486: 1070: 1065: 1047: 929: 904: 690: 659: 631: 612: 584: 583:
Hirschowitz, André; Simpson, Carlos (2001). "Descente pour les n-champs (Descent for n-stacks)".
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Nonabelian algebraic topology: filtered spaces, crossed complexes, cubical homotopy groupoids
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In higher category theory, the concept of higher categorical structures, such as (
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While this concept is too strict for some purposes in for example,
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can be given a monoidal structure. The recursive construction of
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and expressing this is the difficulty in the definition of weak
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that have the same fundamental group but differ in their higher
1450: 1176: 829: 791: 46:, which means that some equalities are replaced by explicit 1666: 1618: 1555: 1485: 1339: 1303: 1251: 1244: 1195: 1104: 1046: 997: 952: 943: 840: 775:— a group blog devoted to higher category theory. 658:(2010). "Homotopy theory of higher categories". 418:satisfying a weak version of the Kan condition. 301:-enriched categories has finite products too. 1462: 803: 734:; Higgins, Philip J.; Sivera, Rafael (2011). 414:Weak Kan complexes, or quasi-categories, are 8: 124:in the context of higher category theory. A 611:; Dolan, James (1998). "Categorification". 1469: 1455: 1447: 1431: 1421: 1248: 1192: 1173: 949: 837: 826: 810: 796: 788: 279:as unit. In fact any category with finite 781:"A Perspective on Higher Category Theory" 694: 663: 635: 616: 588: 570: 84:), allows for a more robust treatment of 234: + 1)-category is a category 543: 452:, then many categorical notions (e.g., 369:-isomorphisms must well behave between 297:has finite products, the category of 7: 149: − 1)-morphisms gives an 130:generalizes this by also including 25: 1547:List of mathematical logic topics 628:Higher Operads, Higher Categories 460:Topologically enriched categories 293:works fine because if a category 27:Generalization of category theory 1430: 1420: 1411: 1410: 1163: 501: 438:Simplicially enriched categories 320:, referenced in the book below. 760:Baez, John (24 February 1996). 672:Alternative PDF with hyperlinks 58:), where one studies algebraic 1716:List of category theory topics 779:Leinster, Tom (8 March 2010). 689:. Princeton University Press. 630:. Cambridge University Press. 450:(infinity, 1)-categories 444:Simplicially enriched category 159:Just as the category known as 1: 318:Nonabelian algebraic topology 197:-categories is actually an ( 165:category of small categories 1711:Glossary of category theory 1585:Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory 1537:Mathematical constructivism 1105:Constructions on categories 532:Coherency (homotopy theory) 211:is defined by induction on 201: + 1)-category. 1758: 1737:Foundations of mathematics 1706:Mathematical structuralism 1643:Intuitionistic type theory 1479:Foundations of Mathematics 1212:Higher-dimensional algebra 517:Higher-dimensional algebra 484: 463: 441: 407: 327: 1610:List of set theory topics 1406: 1185: 1172: 1161: 836: 825: 522:General abstract nonsense 271:is the one given by the 138:. Continuing this up to 104:Strict higher categories 1590:Constructive set theory 1022:Cokernels and quotients 945:Universal constructions 177:natural transformations 98:Eilenberg-MacLane space 1742:Higher category theory 1691:Higher category theory 1595:Descriptive set theory 1500:Mathematical induction 1179:Higher category theory 925:Natural transformation 626:Leinster, Tom (2004). 345:is the composition of 324:Weak higher categories 36:higher category theory 1653:Univalent foundations 1638:Dependent type theory 1628:Axiom of reducibility 571:Baez & Dolan 1998 430:) categories for any 1648:Homotopy type theory 1575:Axiomatic set theory 1048:Algebraic categories 466:Topological category 1217:Homotopy hypothesis 895:Commutative diagram 773:The n-Category Cafe 686:Higher Topos Theory 554:Higher Topos Theory 472:compactly generated 120:, which are called 1633:Simple type theory 1580:Zermelo set theory 1527:Mathematical proof 1487:Mathematical logic 930:Universal property 762:"Week 73: Tale of 509:Mathematics portal 353:, and hence up to 351:reparameterization 316:; see the article 238:over the category 90:topological spaces 52:algebraic topology 1724: 1723: 1605:Russell's paradox 1520:Natural deduction 1444: 1443: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1397: 1380:monoidal category 1335: 1334: 1207:Enriched category 1159: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1132:Quotient category 1127:Opposite category 1042: 1041: 745:978-3-03719-083-8 706:978-0-691-14048-3 670:Draft of a book. 560:. MIT. p. 4. 390:monoidal category 273:cartesian product 16:(Redirected from 1749: 1686:Category of sets 1658:Girard's paradox 1570:Naive set theory 1510:Axiomatic system 1477:Major topics in 1471: 1464: 1457: 1448: 1434: 1433: 1424: 1423: 1414: 1413: 1249: 1227:Simplex category 1202:Categorification 1193: 1174: 1167: 1137:Product category 1122:Kleisli category 1117:Functor category 962:Terminal objects 950: 885:Adjoint functors 838: 827: 812: 805: 798: 789: 784: 769: 749: 710: 698: 669: 667: 651: 639: 622: 620: 595: 594: 592: 580: 574: 568: 562: 561: 559: 548: 527:Categorification 511: 506: 505: 481:Segal categories 475:Hausdorff spaces 404:Quasi-categories 395: 383: 379: 364: 360: 340: 300: 296: 292: 275:as tensor and a 255: 247: 222: 210: 192: 182: 174: 155: 144: 137: 133: 129: 123: 83: 74: 21: 1757: 1756: 1752: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1747: 1746: 1727: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1668:Category theory 1662: 1614: 1551: 1481: 1475: 1445: 1440: 1394: 1364: 1331: 1308: 1299: 1256: 1240: 1191: 1181: 1168: 1151: 1100: 1038: 1007:Initial objects 993: 939: 832: 821: 819:Category theory 816: 778: 759: 756: 746: 730: 707: 696:math.CT/0608040 679: 656:Simpson, Carlos 654: 648: 637:math.CT/0305049 625: 607: 604: 599: 598: 582: 581: 577: 569: 565: 557: 550: 549: 545: 540: 507: 500: 497: 489: 483: 468: 462: 446: 440: 416:simplicial sets 412: 406: 393: 381: 374: 362: 358: 357:, which is the 335: 332: 330:Weak n-category 326: 314:homotopy theory 306:homotopy theory 298: 294: 284: 253: 239: 220: 205: 184: 183:, the category 180: 172: 163:, which is the 150: 139: 135: 131: 125: 121: 106: 94:homotopy groups 86:homotopy theory 79: 72:weak ∞-groupoid 70: 56:homotopy theory 54:(especially in 40:category theory 38:is the part of 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1755: 1753: 1745: 1744: 1739: 1729: 1728: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1701:∞-topos theory 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1672: 1670: 1664: 1663: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1624: 1622: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1612: 1607: 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1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1112:Free category 1110: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1096: 1095:Vector spaces 1092: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1002: 1000: 996: 990: 989:Inverse limit 987: 985: 982: 978: 975: 974: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 959: 957: 955: 951: 948: 946: 942: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 915:Kan extension 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 849: 846: 845: 843: 839: 835: 828: 824: 820: 813: 808: 806: 801: 799: 794: 793: 790: 782: 777: 774: 771: 767: 765: 758: 757: 753: 747: 741: 737: 733: 732:Brown, Ronald 729: 726: 723: 720: 717: 714: 708: 702: 697: 692: 688: 687: 682: 678: 677: 673: 666: 661: 657: 653: 649: 647:0-521-53215-9 643: 638: 633: 629: 624: 619: 614: 610: 609:Baez, John C. 606: 605: 601: 591: 586: 579: 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413: 394:3-categories 386:bicategories 382:2-categories 375: 366: 336: 333: 303: 289: 285: 268: 262: 260:) category. 251: 244: 240: 231: 212: 206: 203: 198: 194: 189: 185: 160: 158: 151: 146: 140: 134:between the 108:An ordinary 107: 81:∞-categories 77: 44:higher order 43: 35: 29: 1620:Type theory 1600:Determinacy 1542:Modal logic 1309:-categories 1285:Kan complex 1275:Tricategory 1257:-categories 1147:Subcategory 905:Exponential 873:Preadditive 868:Pre-abelian 573:, p. 6 424:Jacob Lurie 420:André Joyal 378:-categories 339:-categories 256:is just a ( 193:of (small) 181:2-morphisms 136:1-morphisms 132:2-morphisms 122:1-morphisms 68:fundamental 32:mathematics 1731:Categories 1696:∞-groupoid 1557:Set theory 1327:3-category 1317:2-category 1290:∞-groupoid 1265:Bicategory 1012:Coproducts 972:Equalizers 878:Bicategory 602:References 363:2-category 254:1-category 221:0-category 173:2-category 143:-morphisms 127:2-category 60:invariants 18:3-category 1376:Symmetric 1321:2-functor 1061:Relations 984:Pullbacks 665:1001.4071 361:for this 277:singleton 209:-category 154:-category 145:between ( 118:morphisms 1676:Category 1436:Glossary 1416:Category 1390:n-monoid 1343:concepts 999:Colimits 967:Products 920:Morphism 863:Concrete 858:Additive 848:Category 683:(2009). 495:See also 371:hom-sets 365:. These 355:homotopy 343:topology 334:In weak 310:homology 281:products 265:monoidal 236:enriched 169:functors 110:category 1426:Outline 1385:n-group 1350:2-group 1305:Strict 1295:∞-topos 1091:Modules 1029:Pushout 977:Kernels 910:Functor 853:Abelian 380:. Weak 179:as its 114:objects 1372:Traced 1355:2-ring 1085:Fields 1071:Groups 1066:Magmas 954:Limits 742:  703:  644:  454:limits 64:spaces 48:arrows 1366:-ring 1253:Weak 1237:Topos 1081:Rings 691:arXiv 660:arXiv 632:arXiv 613:arXiv 585:arXiv 558:(PDF) 538:Notes 347:paths 252:So a 223:is a 175:with 42:at a 1056:Sets 740:ISBN 719:nLab 701:ISBN 642:ISBN 312:and 263:The 230:An ( 215:by: 167:and 116:and 112:has 1565:Set 900:End 890:CCC 713:PDF 711:As 290:Cat 269:Set 245:Cat 225:set 204:An 190:Cat 161:Cat 62:of 30:In 1733:: 1378:) 1374:)( 699:. 640:. 477:. 434:. 219:A 156:. 100:. 75:. 34:, 1470:e 1463:t 1456:v 1370:( 1363:n 1361:E 1323:) 1319:( 1307:n 1271:) 1267:( 1255:n 1097:) 1093:( 1087:) 1083:( 811:e 804:t 797:v 783:. 768:. 764:n 748:. 715:. 709:. 693:: 674:) 668:. 662:: 650:. 634:: 621:. 615:: 593:. 587:: 432:k 428:k 376:n 367:n 337:n 299:C 295:C 288:- 286:n 248:. 243:- 241:n 232:n 227:, 213:n 207:n 199:n 195:n 188:- 186:n 152:n 147:n 141:n 20:)

Index

3-category
mathematics
category theory
arrows
algebraic topology
homotopy theory
invariants
spaces
fundamental
weak ∞-groupoid
∞-categories
homotopy theory
topological spaces
homotopy groups
Eilenberg-MacLane space
category
objects
morphisms
2-category
category of small categories
functors
natural transformations
set
enriched
locally small
monoidal
cartesian product
singleton
products
homotopy theory

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