323:(later Col) of the 339th Inf as commanding officer of the expedition. 27 Aug 1918, the expedition, 143 officers and 4,344 enlisted men, sailed from Newcastle upon Tyne, England, and arrived Archangel, North Russia, on 4 September, where, with other Allied forces, it became part of the command of Maj Gen F. C. Poole, British Army. American Headquarters was established at Archangel. Distribution of American troops began along a front 450 miles long, extending from Onega in the west to Pinega in the east, and at some points 200 miles distant from the Archangel base. Elements of the 339th Infantry and attached units operated with the Allied forces to cover the main avenues of approach to Archangel from the south as follows: on the Onega River near Chekuevo; on the railway from Archangel to Vologda near Obozerskaya; on the Vaga River at Pinega. These forces were opposed by the Soviet Sixth Army. 30 September 1918, reinforcements, consisting of 17 officers and 486 enlisted men from the 85th Division, joined. Between September 1918 and May 1919 many minor operations took place against the Soviet forces resulting in more than 500 American casualties. 26 October 1918, Major General
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327:, British Army, succeeded Major General Poole as commander of the Allied force. 9 April 1919, the American contingent was again redesignated, becoming the "American Expeditionary Force, North Russia"; Brig Gen Wilds P. Richardson assumed command of all American troops in North Russia, supreme command however continuing with the British. During May the Archangel contingent was concentrated in the region of that town preparatory to return to the United States. 3 June 1919, the contingent began moving via Brest to the United States. 27 June 1919, the last element, the 1st Battalion of the 310th Engineers, sailed for Brest, en route to United States.
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The polar bear on its blue background is copied from the unofficial shoulder patch of the North
Russian Expeditionary Force, of which this regiment was a part during the years 1918–1919. The regiment, organized in 1917, was made up to a large extent of men from Detroit, and was known locally as
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Order of battle of the United States land forces in the World War. Originally published: Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1931-1949. Supt. of Docs. no.: D114.2:B32, United States. Army-History-World War, 1914-1918. 1. Center of
Military History. D570.073 1987 940.4'12'73 87-600306.
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In April 1919, the enlisted men of
Company I mutinied, challenging their officers and refusing orders. Chief of Staff Gen. March attributed the action to "Bolshevik Propaganda" at a press conference on 12 April. Company I consisted almost entirely of men from Detroit.
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366:. The regiment was initiated on 14 October 1921 with the entire regiment at Detroit; the regimental band was organized about August 1924 at Detroit. The regiment conducted summer training most years with the
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499:, the founder of Detroit, and is symbolic of the origin of the regiment and of its 1924 allocation. The motto is pronounced as though spelled in English "shtyk reshayet" (
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Los
Angeles Herald, Volume XLIV, Number 139, 13 April 1919, Page 1, "Lay U.S. Mutiny to Bolsheviki" by Raymond Clapper, United Press
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The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 339th
Infantry Regiment on 9 June 1924. It was redesignated for the
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Headquarters 339th
Infantry Regiment, US Fifth Army, Report of Operations to Commanding General 85th Infantry Division, May 1945.
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broke out on two of the three transports, and seventy-two men eventually succumbed to the disease or resultant pneumonia.
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of the like two and one. Attached below and to the sides a Gold scroll inscribed "Штыкъ рѣшаетъ" in Blue letters.
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Fighting the
Bolsheviks: The Russian War Memoirs of Private First Class Donald E. Carey, U.S. Army, 1918-1919
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U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941, Volume 1. The Arms: Major
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were included. It was commonly referred to as "Detroit's Own". They were sent to fight the
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The Polar Bear
Expedition: The Heroes of America's Forgotten Invasion of Russia, 1918-1919
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inches (2.9 cm) in height consisting of a shield blazoned: Azure a polar bear
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transferred there during the closing days of the war. They were successful and the
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Wolfhounds and Polar Bears: The American Expeditionary Force in Siberia, 1918-1920
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settles it", freely translated it may be rendered "We Finish With The Bayonet".
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Military units and formations of the United States in the Russian Civil War
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on 24 June 1921, assigned to the 85th Division, and allotted to the Sixth
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The 339th Regiment was created in June 1918, composed mainly of young
610:. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute Press. p. 470.
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Only after leaving England, were the men told of their destination.
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feeder school for new Reserve lieutenants for the regiment was the
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On the morning of May 4, 1945, G Company of the 339th was sent to
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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on an ice cake Argent: on a canton Or a fess Sable between three
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495:"Detroit's Own". The canton bears a part of the coat of arms of
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soldiers escorting the prisoners surrendered to the Americans.
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in Verona over the destroyed Ponte Della Vittoria, April 1945.
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Infantry regiments of the United States Army in World War II
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The 339th Infantry Regiment was reactivated in 1942, during
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Men of the 339th Infantry during the Polar Bear Expedition.
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
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The Anglo-American Winter War with Russia, 1918-1919
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from 1944 to 1945. The regiment was assigned to the
719:. Missoula, MT: Doughboy Historical Society, 1982.
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740:. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2016.
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819:Infantry regiments of the United States Army
274:in France. Most of the 4,487 men were from
262:American Expeditionary Force, North Russia
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698:. Novato, Calif.: Presidio, 1997.
346:The 339th Infantry arrived at the
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306:American Expeditionary Force
132:"We Finish With The Bayonet"
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666:The Institute of Heraldry
662:"339th Regiment Heraldry"
455:Distinctive Unit Insignia
256:North Russia intervention
246:North Russia Intervention
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606:Clay, Steven E. (2010).
534:Battle of Bolshie Ozerki
505:[ˈʂtɨkrʲɪˈʂajɪt]
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434:85th Infantry Division
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460:Description/Blazon
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676:4 September
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411:river Adige
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242:World War I
137:Engagements
124:Polar Bears
119:Nickname(s)
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774:1041763187
725:0942258002
704:0891416315
540:References
516:Background
380:Fort Brady
364:Corps Area
284:Bolsheviks
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392:Ann Arbor
314:President
280:Wisconsin
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670:Archived
528:See also
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484:martlets
276:Michigan
268:draftees
234:regiment
231:infantry
200:Previous
167:Insignia
129:Motto(s)
113:Regiment
103:Infantry
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510:bayonet
480:statant
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700:ISBN
678:2023
639:2013
561:ISBN
407:G.I.
384:ROTC
248:and
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
