315:
368:
326:
42:
580:
172:) and later iPhone models that serves to replace the functionality that 3D touch had. The touchscreen no longer has a pressure sensitive layer, so the software waits for a long-press to activate certain features, instead of a force press. (only ones for elements that do not have an action assigned to long press). This feature was added to the
358:
that last 10 milliseconds. Unlike typical motors, the linear actuator does not rotate but oscillates back and forth. The Taptic Engine produces immediate haptic feedback, without the need to offset the balance of mass. The haptic feedback produced may be accompanied by an audible tone. This helps in
141:
enhancements to the software by offering a third dimension to accept input. Users can apply a force on the input surface to interact with the displayed content in a way that a normal touch would not. 3D touch enables software features such as pressing hard to access a shortcut menu for an app, and
342:
line the curvature of the screen. When a press is detected, these electrodes determine the pressure applied. The trackpads deploy a similar mechanism, although sensory information is determined by a series of four sensors that align with the corners of the trackpad. The detected pressure is then
145:
3D Touch has three settings for input sensitivity. This enables users to customize a preference of light, medium, or firm press on the iPhone's screen. 3D touch gives a continuous pressure reading to software that is running on the phone. Force Touch on the other hand, gives only two layers of
599:
owned by
Immersion on 3D Touch technology. According to the complaint, the asserted patents generally related to the apparatus and methods used in the implementation of pressure-enabled haptics to enhance the user experience on electronic devices. The violated patents with their corresponding
375:
The touch sensitive surface is either a trackpad or a touch screen. Multiple actuators are mechanically connected to the back of the input surface. The actuators are distributed along the surface, each at a separate contact location, to provide localized haptic feedback to the user.
114:
to sense the amount of force being applied to their surfaces. Software that uses Force Touch can distinguish between various levels of force for user interaction purposes. Force Touch was first unveiled on
September 9, 2014, during the introduction of
396:
to other locations, thus limiting the localization effect. This is why a second set of actuators induce waveforms to suppress the vibratory cross-talk produced by the first set of actuators. This may be achieved by producing waveforms that provides
634:
U.S. Patent Nos. 8,581,710: Relates to systems and methods for generating an actuator signal to output a haptic effect indicating whether the user's input is recognised or unrecognised and that a corresponding command was or was not
608:
U.S. Patent Nos. 8,773,356: Relates to systems and methods for providing tactile sensations which are disclosed, such as the steps of outputting a display signal configured to preview a graphical object on a touch-sensitive input
1004:
604:
U.S. Patent Nos. 8,619,051: Relates to a haptic feedback system including a controller, an associated memory, actuator drive and the drive's circuit. The memory stores at least one haptic effect that is executed by the
616:
In May 2016, a second lawsuit in the same
District of Delaware court made the claim that Apple had knowingly infringed on four patents in the iPhone 6s and models of the MacBook and MacBook Pro lines. In June, the
337:
are directly integrated into the display. When a press is detected, these capacitive sensors measure microscopic changes in the distance between the back light and the cover glass. On the Apple Watch, a series of
1229:
1204:
1179:
1154:
1104:
1079:
1054:
703:
had a development project called 'Goldfinger' in 2013, which used a completely different type of 3D touch interface, which required the user to hover their finger above the screen. It would have been a
154:
producing vibratory effects as feedback. Apple enabled application developers to leverage the pressure sensitivity of trackpads and touchscreens into their own apps. 3D Touch was discontinued with the
359:
gaining the user's attention in order to convey an important information such as a success, warning or a failure. Each haptic type is defined for a specific purpose, to convey a specific meaning.
628:
U.S. Patent Nos. 7,808,488: Relates to systems and methods for generating an actuator signal to output a haptic effect based on the user's interaction with a graphical object on a touchscreen.
612:
U.S. Patent Nos. 8,659,571: Relates to a system that produces a dynamic haptic effect and generates a drive signal that includes a gesture signal and a real or virtual device sensor signal.
845:
631:
U.S. Patent Nos. 7,336,260: Relates to systems in which the electronic device detects different levels of pressure on the device and providing a tactile sensation in response.
409:
or both. The masking waveforms could also alter the vibration at contact locations by providing a user experience other than just suppressing the propagated vibrations.
621:
confirmed it would launch an investigation into
Immersion's claims. The violated patents from the second lawsuit, with their corresponding description are as follows:
625:
U.S. Patent Nos. 8,749,507: Relates to systems and methods in which the mobile electronic device determines a pressure and a change in pressure based on contact data.
246:
Peek and Pop allows users to preview content and take actions on it, without having to open it. Pressing further, the user can pop into the content in the app.
618:
249:
Pressure
Sensitivity allows creative apps to take advantage of the pressure-sensing display, for varying line thickness or giving a brush a changing style.
1129:
299:
Accelerators allow receiving pressure sensitivity, to give users greater control. Say, fast-forward in media playback can speed up as pressure increases.
1029:
1305:
954:
841:
1254:
683:
286:
979:
949:
947:
842:"Apple's new iPhone 11 and iPhone 11 Pro quietly ditched a feature that was first introduced 4 years ago | Business Insider"
255:
Pressing down on the keyboard displays a cursor which can be moved in two dimensions. Pressing again enters selection mode.
1435:
388:
is configured to activate the actuators in and around the point of contact. The actuators at the point of contact induces
1440:
639:
On
January 29, 2018, Immersion released a brief statement confirming that the company had reached global settlement and
903:
521:
252:
Holding down to: preview Live Photos; open the App
Switcher (iPhone 6s, 6s Plus, 7, 7 Plus, 8, and 8 Plus only); etc.
497:
477:
461:
173:
1419:
926:
314:
392:
to produce vibration. However, since there are multiple actuators around the point of contact, the vibration can
691:
296:
Pressure sensitivity for drawing and creative apps to make lines thicker or give brushes a changing style.
592:
204:
305:
to allow users react to a force gesture amidst the hold, to immediately open a new target for the drop.
119:. Starting with the Apple Watch, Force Touch has been incorporated into many Apple products, including
191:, Force Touch is discontinued on all subsequent Apple Watches, and only Haptic Touch is recognized.
1330:
709:
596:
380:
is used by actuators to convert the physically-induced vibration or the input displacement into an
367:
325:
293:
Apps respond to a press of stronger pressure, providing a shortcut as an additional functionality.
334:
354:
within the Taptic engine is capable of reaching its peak output in just one cycle and producing
1403:
868:"watchOS 7 Removes Force Touch Support From Your Apple Watch, Here's Everything That's Changed"
867:
740:
640:
398:
381:
344:
147:
955:"Haptic Feedback - User Interaction - watchOS - Human Interface Guidelines - Apple Developer"
1279:
713:
676:
447:
430:
393:
377:
348:
218:
124:
1357:"Fully Exposed: Unreleased Nokia 'McLaren' Windows phone with 3D Touch [Exclusive]"
705:
385:
351:
151:
99:
980:"Haptic Feedback - User Interaction - iOS - Human Interface Guidelines - Apple Developer"
664:
1356:
41:
1429:
660:
513:
505:
493:
485:
473:
302:
199:
Force Touch on Macs is used to access a variety of features. A few notable ones are:
417:
Force Touch or Haptic Touch technology is built in to the following Apple devices:
1130:"New Immersion lawsuit adds Apple's iPhone 6s, MacBook to patent infringement row"
259:
Force Touch on Apple Watch was used to access some significant features, such as:
1388:
763:
735:
656:
443:
438:
434:
116:
111:
243:
Quick
Actions allow users to access shortcuts, many right from the Home screen.
687:
282:
224:
Preview details of website links, flight numbers, tracking numbers and events.
211:
103:
69:
1408:
1393:
791:
579:
566:
550:
509:
501:
489:
481:
469:
465:
406:
402:
355:
339:
319:
228:
188:
181:
169:
165:
155:
138:
895:
816:
1030:"Immersion files lawsuit, ITC complaint against Apple's haptic technology"
562:
558:
554:
389:
150:
engine called the Taptic Engine resides in these devices, which houses a
107:
285:
to integrate the force touch functionality into their applications. The
17:
725:
668:
588:
426:
120:
266:
Get the analog, digital, graph, and hybrid modes on the stopwatch app.
730:
583:
Immersion Corp. filed the lawsuit in 2016, which was settled by 2018.
546:
457:
232:
177:
130:
57:(Macbooks) - 3 (Continuous input for OS animations, and some inputs )
142:
pressing hard on a website link to show a preview of the web page.
1306:"Google cloned Apple's 3D Touch for the Pixel using just software"
786:
784:
700:
578:
366:
1413:
272:
See weather, rain predictions and temperature on the weather app.
537:
3D Touch technology is built in to the following Apple devices:
527:
517:
758:
756:
652:
530:
generations: any iPad model that supports iPadOS 13 and later
817:"Change 3D Touch sensitivity on your iPhone - Apple Support"
269:
Toggle between day, list, or today view on the calendar app.
690:
added support for pressure-sensitive touching in 2009 with
643:
with Apple, the terms of which would be kept confidential.
697:, even though no according hardware existed at that time.
239:
3D Touch on iPhones was used to access features such as:
146:
interaction: A normal click and a force click. Apple's
263:
See alternate watch faces from the current watch face.
29:
Force-sensing touch technology developed by Apple Inc.
59:
3D Touch - 3 (continuous input for the OS animations)
675:, which tries to guess the force of pressure using
75:
65:
51:
927:"Secret Apple Watch options: 14 Force Touch tips!"
1420:Secret Apple Watch options: 14 Force Touch tips!
1255:"Immersion Reaches Global Settlement With Apple"
708:smartphone if released. It was later renamed to
343:relayed to the Taptic Engine, which is Apple's
1280:"Huawei P9 Plus review - Press Touch features"
667:feature a pressure sensitive display, and the
1331:"Force Touch? Android has had that for years"
8:
1404:Science behind Force Touch and Taptic Engine
716:. It was eventually cancelled in July 2014.
671:features a software-based technology called
619:United States International Trade Commission
595:on February 11, 2016, due to allegations of
318:Capacitive sensors behind the display of an
227:Accelerate fast-forwarding and rewinding on
61:Haptic Touch - 1 (triggered by a long press)
34:
1422:" by Rene Ritchie, April 24, 2018, on iMore
203:Look up text to show more information from
890:
888:
371:Taptic Engine module used in the iPhone 6s
180:update and to any iPad capable of running
40:
329:Taptic Engine embedded into the iPhone 6S
539:
419:
324:
313:
752:
289:facilitate the following interactions:
906:from the original on December 27, 2018
33:
896:"How to use the Force Touch trackpad"
848:from the original on November 8, 2020
7:
925:Ritchie, Rene (February 27, 2016).
133:have a similar technology known as
792:"3D Touch - iOS - Apple Developer"
46:Force Touch debuted on Apple Watch
25:
684:application programming interface
647:Similar and related technologies
1230:"United States Patent: 8581710"
1205:"United States Patent: 7336260"
1180:"United States Patent: 7808488"
1155:"United States Patent: 8749507"
1105:"United States Patent: 8659571"
1080:"United States Patent: 8773356"
1055:"United States Patent: 8619051"
1005:"United States Patent: 8378797"
764:"Force Touch - Apple Developer"
214:preview of an address location.
1304:Bohn, Dieter (March 3, 2020).
587:Apple Inc. was subjected to a
333:On iPhones with 3D Touch, the
1:
712:and was under development by
164:is a software feature on the
600:description are as follows:
446:generations: Original to 5,
1457:
174:iPhone SE (1st generation)
1409:Force Touch guide - macOS
542:
453:
422:
39:
235:using variable pressure.
217:Add dates and events to
137:. The technology brings
102:technology developed by
984:www.developer.apple.com
959:www.developer.apple.com
796:www.developer.apple.com
768:www.developer.apple.com
441:from early 2015 onwards
207:, Knowledge (XXG), etc.
1361:www.windowscentral.com
584:
372:
330:
322:
283:application developers
79:September 9, 2014
821:www.support.apple.com
651:Phones including the
593:Immersion Corporation
582:
370:
328:
317:
81:; 9 years ago
1436:Consumer electronics
1414:3D Touch guide - iOS
1259:www.ir.immersion.com
1034:www.appleinsider.com
844:. November 8, 2020.
437:from 2018 onwards ·
1441:Apple Inc. hardware
1389:Force Touch - macOS
1337:. September 7, 2015
1234:www.patft.uspto.gov
1209:www.patft.uspto.gov
1184:www.patft.uspto.gov
1159:www.patft.uspto.gov
1109:www.patft.uspto.gov
1084:www.patft.uspto.gov
1059:www.patft.uspto.gov
1009:www.patft.uspto.gov
710:Nokia Lumia McLaren
514:15 Pro / 15 Pro Max
506:14 Pro / 14 Pro Max
494:13 Pro / 13 Pro Max
486:12 Pro / 12 Pro Max
474:11 Pro / 11 Pro Max
36:
641:license agreements
597:infringing patents
585:
373:
335:capacitive sensors
331:
323:
195:User functionality
741:Haptic technology
572:
571:
535:
534:
464:(since iOS 13) ·
382:electrical signal
93:
92:
16:(Redirected from
1448:
1384:Official links:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1284:www.gsmarena.com
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1134:appleinsider.com
1126:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1001:
995:
994:
992:
990:
976:
970:
969:
967:
965:
951:
942:
941:
939:
937:
922:
916:
915:
913:
911:
892:
883:
882:
880:
878:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
838:
832:
831:
829:
827:
813:
807:
806:
804:
802:
788:
779:
778:
776:
774:
760:
714:Microsoft Mobile
677:machine learning
540:
522:iPod Touch (7th)
448:Magic Trackpad 2
420:
378:Piezoelectricity
125:Magic Trackpad 2
100:pressure-sensing
89:
87:
82:
44:
37:
21:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1426:
1425:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1366:
1364:
1363:. July 21, 2016
1355:
1354:
1350:
1340:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1236:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1163:
1161:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1003:
1002:
998:
988:
986:
978:
977:
973:
963:
961:
953:
952:
945:
935:
933:
924:
923:
919:
909:
907:
894:
893:
886:
876:
874:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
840:
839:
835:
825:
823:
815:
814:
810:
800:
798:
790:
789:
782:
772:
770:
762:
761:
754:
749:
722:
649:
577:
524:(since iOS 13)
442:
415:
365:
352:linear actuator
349:electromagnetic
345:haptic feedback
312:
279:
197:
152:linear actuator
85:
83:
80:
60:
58:
56:
55:Force Touch - 2
52:Levels of input
47:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1454:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1397:
1396:
1394:3D Touch - iOS
1391:
1381:
1380:External links
1378:
1375:
1374:
1348:
1322:
1296:
1271:
1246:
1221:
1196:
1171:
1146:
1121:
1096:
1071:
1046:
1021:
996:
971:
943:
917:
884:
859:
833:
808:
780:
751:
750:
748:
745:
744:
743:
738:
733:
728:
721:
718:
669:Google Pixel 4
665:Huawei P9 Plus
648:
645:
637:
636:
632:
629:
626:
614:
613:
610:
606:
576:
573:
570:
569:
544:
533:
532:
455:
451:
450:
424:
414:
411:
364:
361:
311:
308:
307:
306:
300:
297:
294:
281:Apple enables
278:
275:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
257:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
237:
236:
225:
222:
215:
208:
196:
193:
91:
90:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
53:
49:
48:
45:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1453:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1379:
1362:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1297:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1010:
1006:
1000:
997:
985:
981:
975:
972:
960:
956:
950:
948:
944:
932:
928:
921:
918:
905:
901:
900:Apple Support
897:
891:
889:
885:
873:
869:
863:
860:
847:
843:
837:
834:
822:
818:
812:
809:
797:
793:
787:
785:
781:
769:
765:
759:
757:
753:
746:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
719:
717:
715:
711:
707:
702:
698:
696:
695:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
661:Huawei Mate S
658:
654:
646:
644:
642:
633:
630:
627:
624:
623:
622:
620:
611:
607:
603:
602:
601:
598:
594:
590:
581:
574:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
549:generations:
548:
545:
541:
538:
531:
529:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
460:generations:
459:
456:
454:Haptic Touch
452:
449:
445:
440:
436:
432:
429:generations:
428:
425:
421:
418:
412:
410:
408:
404:
400:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
369:
362:
360:
357:
353:
350:
346:
341:
336:
327:
321:
316:
309:
304:
303:Drag and drop
301:
298:
295:
292:
291:
290:
288:
284:
276:
271:
268:
265:
262:
261:
260:
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
241:
240:
234:
230:
226:
223:
220:
216:
213:
209:
206:
202:
201:
200:
194:
192:
190:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
168:(but not the
167:
163:
159:
158:and onwards.
157:
153:
149:
143:
140:
136:
132:
128:
126:
122:
118:
113:
109:
106:that enables
105:
101:
97:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
54:
50:
43:
38:
32:
27:
19:
1398:
1383:
1367:December 26,
1365:. Retrieved
1360:
1351:
1339:. Retrieved
1334:
1325:
1313:. Retrieved
1309:
1299:
1289:December 30,
1287:. Retrieved
1283:
1274:
1264:December 26,
1262:. Retrieved
1258:
1249:
1239:December 26,
1237:. Retrieved
1233:
1224:
1214:December 26,
1212:. Retrieved
1208:
1199:
1189:December 26,
1187:. Retrieved
1183:
1174:
1164:December 26,
1162:. Retrieved
1158:
1149:
1139:December 26,
1137:. Retrieved
1133:
1124:
1114:December 26,
1112:. Retrieved
1108:
1099:
1089:December 26,
1087:. Retrieved
1083:
1074:
1064:December 26,
1062:. Retrieved
1058:
1049:
1039:December 26,
1037:. Retrieved
1033:
1024:
1014:December 26,
1012:. Retrieved
1008:
999:
989:December 26,
987:. Retrieved
983:
974:
964:December 26,
962:. Retrieved
958:
936:December 26,
934:. Retrieved
930:
920:
910:December 26,
908:. Retrieved
899:
875:. Retrieved
871:
862:
850:. Retrieved
836:
826:December 26,
824:. Retrieved
820:
811:
801:December 26,
799:. Retrieved
795:
773:December 26,
771:. Retrieved
767:
699:
693:
692:Android 2.0
681:
672:
650:
638:
615:
586:
551:6S / 6S Plus
536:
526:
520:generation:
516:
510:15 / 15 Plus
502:14 / 14 Plus
490:13 / 13 Mini
482:12 / 12 Mini
423:Force Touch
416:
401:in terms of
399:interference
374:
347:engine. The
332:
280:
258:
238:
198:
186:
162:Haptic Touch
161:
160:
144:
134:
129:
112:touchscreens
98:is a haptic
95:
94:
31:
26:
852:November 8,
736:Apple Watch
657:Meizu Pro 6
655:Axon mini,
605:controller.
567:XS / XS Max
444:Apple Watch
117:Apple Watch
96:Force Touch
66:Design firm
35:Force Touch
1430:Categories
747:References
688:Android OS
673:Firm Press
663:, and the
575:Litigation
559:8 / 8 Plus
555:7 / 7 Plus
386:controller
356:vibrations
340:electrodes
212:Apple Maps
205:Dictionary
104:Apple Inc.
86:2014-09-09
76:Introduced
70:Apple Inc.
1335:Pocketnow
1315:April 15,
1310:The Verge
872:MacRumors
543:3D Touch
407:frequency
403:amplitude
394:propagate
390:waveforms
363:Mechanics
320:iPhone 6S
229:QuickTime
189:watchOS 7
182:iPadOS 13
176:with the
170:iPhone XS
166:iPhone XR
156:iPhone 11
139:usability
108:trackpads
1399:Guides:
1341:June 13,
904:Archived
877:July 26,
846:Archived
720:See also
498:SE (3rd)
478:SE (2nd)
462:SE (1st)
413:Products
310:Hardware
277:Software
219:Calendar
210:Show an
135:3D Touch
123:and the
121:MacBooks
18:3D Touch
726:MacBook
609:device.
589:lawsuit
427:MacBook
131:iPhones
84: (
731:iPhone
694:Éclair
635:found.
547:iPhone
458:iPhone
431:Retina
233:iMovie
187:As of
178:iOS 13
148:haptic
931:iMore
706:Lumia
701:Nokia
1369:2018
1343:2021
1317:2020
1291:2018
1266:2018
1241:2018
1216:2018
1191:2018
1166:2018
1141:2018
1116:2018
1091:2018
1066:2018
1041:2018
1016:2018
991:2018
966:2018
938:2018
912:2018
879:2021
854:2020
828:2018
803:2018
775:2018
682:The
528:iPad
518:iPod
384:. A
287:APIs
231:and
110:and
686:of
653:ZTE
591:by
439:Pro
435:Air
1432::
1359:.
1333:.
1308:.
1282:.
1257:.
1232:.
1207:.
1182:.
1157:.
1132:.
1107:.
1082:.
1057:.
1032:.
1007:.
982:.
957:.
946:^
929:.
902:.
898:.
887:^
870:.
819:.
794:.
783:^
766:.
755:^
679:.
659:,
565:·
561:·
557:·
553:·
512:·
508:·
504:·
500:·
496:·
492:·
488:·
484:·
480:·
476:·
472:·
470:11
468:·
466:XR
433:·
405:,
184:.
127:.
1418:"
1371:.
1345:.
1319:.
1293:.
1268:.
1243:.
1218:.
1193:.
1168:.
1143:.
1118:.
1093:.
1068:.
1043:.
1018:.
993:.
968:.
940:.
914:.
881:.
856:.
830:.
805:.
777:.
563:X
221:.
88:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
