733:
142:
2896:
1122:
1607:
1442:
1723:
32:
24:
65:
1667:
1343:
1181:
1355:
1223:
671:
1262:
1917:
A.H.M. Jones, J.R. Martindale, J. Morris, Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. I: AD 260–395, Cambridge 1971 (hereinafter: PLRE I), pp. 1105–1110 (fasti). For the reviews, often negative, and corrections to the first volume of PLRE, cf. A.H.M. Jones, “Fifteen years of Late Roman
2702:
1299:
1315:
by ship, the crew was massacred in a port on the Red Sea and the boys taken as slaves to the King of Axum. Frumentius and
Edesius, who were both christian, gained favor with the king and his family, signaling the birth of Christianity in
1410:
2718:
2122:
2822:
1792:, where teaching was done, stood next to public libraries housed in temples. This arrangement was copied in the Roman colony at Beirut. The first mention of the school's premises dates to 350.
2166:"Henry Wace: Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century A.D., with an Account of the Principal Sects and Heresies. - Christian Classics Ethereal Library"
2782:
732:
490:
1583:
In 360, Dominus the Elder, a law school professor, declines the invitation of
Libanius to leave the Law School at Beirut and to teach with him at the rhetoric school of Antioch.
2815:
793:
In the fourth century, as a whole, almost 30 governors of
Phoenicia are known with 23 governors of Phoenicia being in office between 353 and 394. Amongst them was
530:
2808:
2188:
Christa Müller-Kessler, The
Unknown Martyrdom of Patriklos of Caesarea in Christian Palestinian Aramaic from St Catherine’s Monastery (Sinai, Arabic NF 66),
699:
2532:"Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Ser. II, Vol. IV: Letters of Athanasius with Two Ancient Chronicles of His Life.: To Diodorus (fragment). | St-Takla.org"
1391:
240:
2402:
803:
465:
426:
2315:
141:
480:
3198:
2740:
2691:
2667:
2631:
2229:
2132:
2020:
520:
408:
372:
1731:
1544:
is written in 356, in the letter, Libanius writes that
Anatolius, a native of Phoenicia, had spent some time “among us”, (i.e. in Antioch).
2860:
1739:
1932:
2369:
1947:
2414:
692:
228:
3265:
3244:
2967:
201:
2086:
1928:
2895:
1121:
539:
505:
3270:
3183:
2165:
195:
1941:
1777:
reported that the school attracted young students from affluent families and deplored the school's instructional use of
525:
485:
150:
3153:
2932:
2922:
2880:
2790:
685:
594:
569:
414:
121:
2302:
Hitti, Philip K. (1951) History of Syria including
Lebanon and Palestine. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 363 fn.
2293:
Sozomen, H. E. I. 17, Theodoret, H. E. I. 7, and the Acts of the
Council of Nicæa, ed. Labbei et Cossartii, I. p. 51
1441:
3193:
3133:
1676:
234:
207:
160:
2475:
1606:
1405:– in which ten bishops from Phoenicia attended (one of them being Zeno I, bishop of Tyre) – is convened in 325 AD.
3138:
535:
3275:
3037:
2987:
2865:
1478:
1373:
589:
515:
474:
378:
333:
49:
1722:
3188:
2927:
1482:
1446:
1402:
1135:
657:
3223:
3218:
3208:
3203:
3163:
3077:
1611:
1277:
encouraging every city to expel its
Christians. This rescript is published in Tyre on May or June, 312 AD.
1198:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
622:
617:
612:
104:
94:
3228:
3168:
2997:
2982:
2106:
1697:
1648:
In 365 AD, Tyre and Sidon alongside several other coastal cities are damaged by a tsunami caused by the
1560:
1489:
1241:
1168:
758:
753:
545:
510:
69:
2312:
2062:
1726:
Commemorative inscription of
Proculus (Inscription #11), Nahr el-Kalb. (Zoom-in for epigraphic details)
1189:
3032:
2885:
2361:
2190:
1866:
1649:
1395:
1385:
574:
321:
183:
1700:
is issued on 27 February AD 380, making
Christianity the sole official religion of the Roman empire.
31:
23:
3148:
2855:
2850:
1860:
1620:
1541:
1466:
1450:
1369:
816:
794:
455:
53:
1683:
in 379 and replaced by another basilica (now lost), using stones scavenged from the pagan complex.
64:
3143:
2772:
2653:
2345:
1244:, a biblical scholar from a rich and honorable family of Beirut, is martyred in February 16, 309.
470:
261:
168:
130:
1138:
is issued by the emperor Diocletian in 301 AD, with the prices and simulated sailing times from
3082:
2917:
2875:
2870:
2736:
2687:
2663:
2627:
2365:
2225:
2128:
2016:
1666:
1627:
1254:
1218:
to be thrown to the sea for conversing with Christians attending trial and refusing sacrifice.
1215:
781:) out of the eastern half of the old province of Phoenice, encompassing the territory east of
564:
315:
297:
291:
273:
267:
72:, whose reign is attributed to numerous changes that have permanently affected the course of
3102:
3067:
3017:
2554:
1474:
1180:
579:
500:
495:
402:
303:
285:
2762:
2518:
2502:
1342:
3112:
2340:
2319:
1633:
1312:
1126:
1004:
721:
432:
351:
73:
2282:
345:
2800:
3097:
3042:
2972:
1735:
1548:
1477:, Hellanicus, took part, for the primary purpose of evaluating charges brought against
1284:
1270:
748:
675:
420:
396:
384:
327:
2621:
1918:
Prosopography in the West” (1981–95), Medieval Prosopography 17/1, 1996, pp. 263–274.
1354:
1222:
3259:
3173:
3107:
2912:
2531:
2100:
1552:
1381:
820:
782:
339:
309:
2046:
3062:
2677:
1680:
390:
2453:
2311:
Cowper, B. H. (1861). Syriac Miscellanies. London:Williams and Norgate. pp. 9–10.
1294:, who recorded his speech and thus a detailed account of the site in his writings.
1261:
2751:
2730:
2681:
2657:
3178:
1781:, which was gradually abandoned in favor of Greek in the course of the century.
1376:, requests in 324 the destruction of all pagan temples and idols dedicated to
3072:
3052:
3012:
2977:
2952:
1789:
1308:
841:
740:
2626:. Internet Archive. Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT : Ashgate.
2393:, Ep. 492, 2: σὺ γὰρ δὴ Φοίνιξ ὢν καὶ διατρίβων τὰ μὲν ἐκεῖ, τὰ δὲ παρ’ ἡμῖν.
3057:
3047:
3002:
2705:[Beirut law school in the light of letters and sayings of Libanius]
2012:
1785:
1414:
1311:
and his brother, Edesius accompanied their uncle Metropius on a trip to the
1155:
1139:
460:
177:
1298:
1290:
In 315 AD, the cathedral of Paulinus in Tyre is inaugurated by the Bishop
3158:
3117:
2947:
1873:
1774:
1771:
1564:
1537:
1454:
1291:
1274:
1143:
744:
584:
279:
189:
1876:
in Tyre built upon the ruins of a church by the city's bishop, Paulinus.
1679:
at Baalbek, already greatly damaged by earthquakes, is demolished under
3027:
2845:
2797:, edited by Philip Francis Esler, 2.840–868. New York: Routledge, 2000.
2035:
Basil Watkins, The Book of Saints, 8th ed. (Bloomsbury, 2016 ), p. 734.
1556:
1514:
1418:
1377:
824:
717:
447:
1409:
3087:
3022:
2992:
2957:
1164:
173:
1146:
for 9.9 days of duration with the ratio (price/duration) being 0.83.
1996:
Explaining the maritime freight charges in Diocletian’s Price Edict
1738:
between 383 and 384. During this time, his name was carved on the
827:, where the inscription attesting to Hierocles' career is located.
3092:
2937:
2786:. Vol. Band XX, Halbband 39, Philon–Pignus. pp. 350–379.
2124:
Christianity, Empire, and the Making of Religion in Late Antiquity
1778:
1665:
1470:
1440:
1426:
1408:
1297:
1260:
1221:
1214:
The Governor Urbanus, shortly after Easter 307, orders the virgin
1179:
1120:
731:
63:
2623:
Liturgy and architecture from the early church to the Middle Ages
2099:
3007:
2962:
2942:
2649:
Linda Jones Hall, Roman Berytus: Beirut in late antiquity (2004)
1998:, Version 1.0, April 2013, Walter Scheidel, Stanford University.
2804:
1983:
The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I AD 260-395
1488:
Emperor Constantine is baptized by the once-bishop of Beirut,
1432:
Fl. Dionysius serves as the governor of Phoenicia in 328–329.
2403:"Letter of Constantius to the Ethiopians against Frumentius"
1745:
Antherius and Epiphanius are cōnsulārēs of Phoenice, 388 AD.
2703:"Szkoła prawa w Bejrucie w świetle listów i mów Libaniusza"
1567:
position, as did the emperor. The king refused the request.
1161:
500 Christians in Tyre get tortured and martyred in 304 AD.
712:
This article lists historical events that occurred between
2224:. Beirut: Anis Commercial Printing Press s.a.l. pp. 1–30.
1257:
is martyred during the Diocletianic Persecutions, 311 AD.
751:, while sometime before 328, when it is mentioned in the
1981:
Martindale, J. R. & A. H. M. Jones, "Nicentius 1",
1559:, requesting them to replace Frumentius as bishop with
1473:, in which the first historically documented bishop of
1280:
Emperor Constantine converts to Christianity in 312 AD.
2783:
Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft
2756:(in French). Paris: Société Anonyme du Recueil Sirey.
2476:"Ammianus Marcellinus on the tsunami of 365 - Livius"
1384:
was probably destroyed at that time and converted to
837:
3126:
2903:
2836:
2724:
on 2019-08-27 – via Czasopisma humanistyczne.
1149:
Beginning of the Diocletianic Persecutions, 303 AD.
2255:Les missiones chrétienne au Sud de l'empire romain
1152:Five young Christians are martyred at Tyre in 303.
2555:Commemorative stela of Nahr el-Kalb at Livius.org
1586:Andronicus is consularis of Phoenice, 360 – 361.
1226:Miniature painting of the martyrdom of Pamphilus
2780:Eißfeldt, Otto (1941). "Phoiniker (Phoinike)".
2220:Medlej, Youmna Jazzar; Medlej, Joumana (2010).
1994:Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics,
2793:. "Graeco-Roman Philosophical Opposition". In
1706:Proculus is consularis of Phoenice, 382 – 383.
1645:Domninus is consularis of Phoenice, 364 – 365.
1231:Maximus is consularis (governor) of Phoenice,
2816:
1636:is the consular governor of Phoenicia in 362.
1570:Nicentius is consularis of Phoenice 358 – 359
1529:Apollinaris is consularis of Phoenice, 353/4.
693:
8:
2686:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1639:Marius is consularis of Phoenice, 363 – 364.
1589:Anatolius is consularis of Phoenice, 361 AD.
1573:Euchrostius is consularis of Phoenice 359/60
1485:, is called together by Emperor Constantine.
1125:Piece of the Edict on Maximum Prices in the
1985:(Cambridge: University Press, 1971), p. 628
1939:1.432 s.v. "Sossianvs Hierocles 4", citing
1662:Leontius is consularis of Phoenice, 372 AD.
1602:Julianus is consularis of Phoenice, 362 AD.
1462:Archelaus is consularis of Phoenice 335 AD.
1360:Shrine of Our Lady of Awaiting, Maghdouché.
766:
2823:
2809:
2801:
1896:(First American ed.). New York. pp. 54–57.
1758:Severianus is consularis of Phoenice, 391.
1449:(who died in 331 AD) in the museum of the
700:
686:
115:
2732:Late Antiquity: A Very Short Introduction
2662:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
2048:The Lives Of The Saints: Volume 04, April
1693:Petrus is consularis of Phoenice, 380 AD.
761:(r. 306–337) created the new province of
2753:Histoire de l'école de droit de Beyrouth
2211:, 152; Keresztes, 384; Mitchell, p. 117.
1905:
1799:
1761:Leontius is consularis of Phoenice, 392.
1755:Domitius is consularis of Phoenice, 390.
1721:
1642:Ulpianus is consularis of Phoenice, 364.
1630:, bishop of Tyre, is martyred in 362 AD.
1623:burns a basilica that existed in Beirut.
1605:
3184:List of Christian cathedrals in Lebanon
1961:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
1937:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
1885:
1492:, right before his death on 22 May 337.
804:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
743:(r. 284–305) separated the district of
129:
118:
1211:Constantine is emperor on 25 July 306.
1158:, a Tyrian youth, is martyred, 303 AD.
819:, the province on the eastern side of
801:at some time between 293 and 303. The
481:Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon
18:
16:Events from the 4th century in Lebanon
3241:UNESCO World Heritage Sites Proposed
3199:Saint George Greek Orthodox Cathedral
2831:Roman archaeological sites in Lebanon
2735:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2265:(New York, 1878), I, 231-40; BUTLER,
2031:
2029:
1396:Patriarch of Antioch and all the East
521:Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon
409:Double Qaim-Maqamate of Mount Lebanon
7:
2514:
2498:
2331:Biographical notes: PLRE I, p. 259 .
2261:(Rome, 1896), XVI, 79-122; THEBAUD,
2259:Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire
2127:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
1670:The remains of the temple of Jupiter
1592:Polycles is consularis of Phoenice,
1398:for about six months in 324 and 325.
1326:Achillius is consularis of Phoenice
2659:Eusebius, Christianity, and Judaism
1963:1.432 s.v. "Sossianvs Hierocles 4".
1740:Commemorative stela of Nahr el-Kalb
1703:Diodorus is bishop of Tyre, 381 AD.
1469:or the Council of Tyre (335 AD), a
2405:, Bible Suite, Christian Booksheld
2045:Baring-Gould, S. (Sabine) (1897).
1287:, is issued in February of 313 AD.
14:
3118:Roman temple to Venus in Yammoune
2764:Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion
1948:Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum
1495:Nonnus is consularis of Phoenice
2894:
2263:The Church and the Gentile World
2121:Schott, Jeremy M. (2013-04-23).
2098:Campbell, Thomas Joseph (1907).
2009:The Early Christian World, Vol.2
1816:Summer 356 to March / April 364
1353:
1341:
669:
140:
30:
22:
3245:Category:Roman sites in Lebanon
1302:Religious imagery of Frumentius
839:
3018:Khirbet El-Knese roman temples
2364:: Grolier Incorporated, 1997.
1770:In the 4th century, the Greek
1:
2775:: Cambridge University Press.
2761:Cook, Arthur Bernard (1914).
2253:Oct., XII, 257-70; DUCHESNE,
2007:Philip F. Esler, ed. (2000).
1892:Norwich, John Julius (1996).
1712:
1614:of the martyrdom of Dorotheus
1593:
1542:Vindonius Anatolius of Beirut
1496:
1327:
1232:
1202:
1172:
2417:, Blackwell Reference Online
2087:Saints of April 2: Amphianus
1734:, governor of Phoenicia, is
1512:Marcellinus, is attested as
1142:to Beirut reported to be 12
526:Lebanese presidential crisis
486:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
3174:Saint Barbara of Heliopolis
3154:Stone of the Pregnant Woman
3093:Colonia Aurelia Pia "Sidon"
2933:Temples of the Beqaa Valley
2923:Temple of Jupiter (Baalbek)
2886:Roman Law school of Berytus
2881:Roman hippodrome of Berytus
2443:. Fayard, Paris p.51, 2003.
1809:(uncertain names in italic)
1386:a place of devotion to Mary
511:2007 North Lebanon conflict
415:Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
3292:
3194:Catholic Church in Lebanon
2769:Zeus God of the Bright Sky
2680:; M. B. DeBevoise (2010).
2592:Rochette 1997 pp. 168, 174
2435:Kassir (2002); Kassir, S.
1184:Porphyry, a detail of the
972:Aelius Claudius Dulcitius
506:2006–08 political protests
3237:
3139:Phoenice (Roman province)
2998:Mansourieh Roman aqueduct
2892:
2871:Berytus Colonnaded street
2861:Cisterns of Berytus Baths
2795:The Early Christian World
2717:: 203–218. Archived from
2583:Sadowski 2010 pp. 211–216
2454:"Saint Dorotheus of Tyre"
2313:Preterist Archive website
1425:Christian Maronite saint
1380:. The Astarte shrine in
1171:, is martyred on April 2
840:
531:Maritime boundary dispute
3098:Temnin el-Foka nymphaeum
3038:Monastery of Saint Maron
2988:Canalizations of Zenobia
2701:Sadowski, Piotr (2010).
2209:Constantine and Eusebius
2205:De Martyribus Palestinae
2153:Constantine and Eusebius
2149:De Martyribus Palestinae
1374:Helena of Constantinople
1348:Seated statue of Helena.
1307:In 316, the Tyrian-born
846:
823:. The district included
736:Sculpture of Diocletian.
516:2008 conflict in Lebanon
379:Emirate of Mount Lebanon
50:Diocletianic Persecution
3189:Christianity in Lebanon
2953:Ain Harcha roman temple
2928:Temples of Mount Hermon
2866:Berytus Cardo Decumanus
2750:Collinet, Paul (1925).
2729:Clark, Gillian (2011).
2322:Retrieved 2 April 2018.
2273:(London, 1872), 27 Oct.
2269:27 Oct.; BARING-GOULD,
2243:Historia Ecclesiastica,
2151:7.1f, cited in Barnes,
1483:Patriarch of Alexandria
1447:Gregory the Illuminator
1403:First Council of Nicaea
1136:Edict on Maximum Prices
3266:4th century by country
3224:6th century in Lebanon
3219:5th century in Lebanon
3214:4th century in Lebanon
3209:3rd century in Lebanon
3204:2nd century in Lebanon
3164:Marcus Valerius Probus
2851:Roman Forum of Berytus
2791:Simmons, Michael Bland
2711:Studia Prawnoustrojowe
2358:Encyclopedia Americana
2051:. London, J. C. Nimmo.
1727:
1671:
1615:
1612:Menologion of Basil II
1549:Emperor Constantius II
1458:
1421:
1303:
1266:
1227:
1199:Porphyry (philosopher)
1193:
1130:
834:Governors of Phoenicia
737:
466:Palestinian insurgency
77:
28:4th century in Lebanon
3229:551 Beirut earthquake
3169:Eudokia of Heliopolis
3103:Tripolis in Phoenicia
2656:; Gōhei Hata (1992).
2610:Collinet 1925, p. 192
2426:Collinet 1925, p. 121
2107:Catholic Encyclopedia
2063:"500 Martyrs of Tyre"
1725:
1698:Edict of Thessalonica
1669:
1609:
1561:Theophilos the Indian
1490:Eusebius of Nicomedia
1444:
1412:
1301:
1264:
1242:Pamphilus of Caesarea
1225:
1183:
1169:Law school of Berytus
1124:
759:Constantine the Great
754:Laterculus Veronensis
735:
546:2020 Beirut explosion
491:2005 Lebanon bombings
427:Allied administration
67:
3271:Centuries in Lebanon
3088:Schleem roman temple
3068:Qal'at Bustra temple
3033:Monastery of Qozhaya
3028:Libbaya roman temple
2620:Doig, Allan (2008).
2601:Collinet 1925, p. 62
2565:Collinet 1925, p. 39
2437:Histoire de Beyrouth
2415:"Frumentius of Axum"
2362:Danbury, Connecticut
2283:maghdouche.pipop.org
2267:Lives of the Saints,
2245:lib. I, cap. ix, in
2222:Tyre and its history
2194:137, 2019, pp. 63-71
2191:Analecta Bollandiana
1942:L'Année épigraphique
1867:Our Lady of Awaiting
1784:Historically, Roman
1563:, who supported the
1471:gathering of bishops
1368:During the reign of
863:Between 293 and 303
860:Sossianus Hierocles
855:Between 293 and 305
322:Kingdom of Jerusalem
3149:Phoenice Libanensis
3023:Labweh Roman temple
2856:Berytus Roman Baths
2654:Attridge, Harold W.
2271:Lives of the Saints
1908:, pp. 368–369.
1861:Our Lady of Nourieh
1621:Julian the Apostate
1610:Miniature from the
1467:First Synod of Tyre
1451:Holy See of Cilicia
1370:Emperor Constantine
1167:, a student of the
817:Phoenice Libanensis
795:Sossianus Hierocles
456:1958 Lebanon crisis
448:Republic of Lebanon
54:Constantinian shift
3144:Palaestina Secunda
3043:Nahle roman temple
3013:Kafr Zabad temples
2346:Oriens christianus
2318:2018-10-07 at the
2101:"St. Aphian"
1819:Domninus (Domnio)
1728:
1672:
1616:
1551:writes to Axumite
1547:In about 356, the
1459:
1445:The Right Hand of
1422:
1304:
1267:
1228:
1194:
1190:Sucevița Monastery
1131:
879:? Between 309/313
811:) states that, as
763:Augusta Libanensis
738:
676:Lebanon portal
559:By city and region
471:Lebanese Civil War
262:Rashidun Caliphate
241:Sassanid interlude
78:
3253:
3252:
3083:Saraain El Faouqa
2918:Temple of Bacchus
2876:Byzantine mosaics
2742:978-0-19-161140-7
2693:978-0-520-25668-2
2669:978-0-8143-2361-8
2633:978-0-7546-5272-4
2574:Clark 2011, p. 36
2230:978-9953-0-1849-2
2134:978-0-8122-0346-2
2021:978-0-415-16497-9
1851:
1850:
1677:Temple of Jupiter
1628:Dorotheus of Tyre
1626:The 107-year-old
1265:Coin of Maximinus
1255:Tyrannion of Tyre
1216:Theodosia of Tyre
1109:
1108:
710:
709:
316:County of Tripoli
298:Ikhshidid dynasty
292:Fatimid Caliphate
274:Abbasid Caliphate
268:Umayyad Caliphate
114:
113:
3283:
3048:Nebi Safa temple
3003:Hebbariye temple
2958:Amioun Monastery
2906:(actual Lebanon)
2898:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2802:
2787:
2776:
2757:
2746:
2725:
2723:
2708:
2697:
2673:
2638:
2637:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2557:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2528:
2522:
2512:
2506:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2450:
2444:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2381:PLRE I 545; 546.
2379:
2373:
2355:
2349:
2338:
2332:
2329:
2323:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2285:
2280:
2274:
2239:
2233:
2218:
2212:
2201:
2195:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2162:
2156:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2095:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2024:
2005:
1999:
1992:
1986:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1890:
1800:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1650:Crete earthquake
1598:
1595:
1555:and his brother
1501:
1498:
1392:Paulinus of Tyre
1357:
1345:
1332:
1329:
1237:
1234:
1207:
1204:
1197:The Tyrian-born
1177:
1174:
868:Julius Julianus
838:
780:
777:
776:Lebanese Augusta
774:
771:
768:
702:
695:
688:
674:
673:
672:
536:Liquidity crisis
496:Cedar Revolution
403:El Assaad Family
334:Mamluk Sultanate
304:Mirdasid dynasty
286:Hamdanid dynasty
229:Hellenistic rule
144:
134:
116:
34:
26:
19:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3276:Ancient Lebanon
3256:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3233:
3122:
3113:Tyre Necropolis
3078:Castra El Banat
2948:Ain Aata temple
2905:
2904:Roman Phoenicia
2899:
2890:
2839:(actual Beirut)
2838:
2832:
2829:
2779:
2767:. Vol. I:
2760:
2749:
2743:
2728:
2721:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2676:
2670:
2652:
2646:
2641:
2634:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2609:
2605:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2549:
2540:
2538:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2513:
2509:
2497:
2493:
2484:
2482:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2413:
2409:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2356:
2352:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2320:Wayback Machine
2310:
2306:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2281:
2277:
2240:
2236:
2219:
2215:
2202:
2198:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2172:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2085:
2081:
2072:
2070:
2067:Living Maronite
2061:
2060:
2056:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2027:
2015:. pp. 827–829.
2006:
2002:
1993:
1989:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1856:
1798:
1768:
1752:
1715:
1710:Frumentius dies
1709:
1690:
1659:
1634:Gaianus of Tyre
1619:Around 362 AD,
1597: 361/2 AD
1596:
1580:
1536:of Rhetorician
1526:
1509:
1499:
1439:
1429:dies in 327 AD.
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1330:
1323:
1313:Kingdom of Axum
1251:
1235:
1205:
1175:
1127:Pergamon Museum
1119:
1114:
852:Aelius Statuus
836:
791:
778:
775:
772:
769:
747:and gave it to
730:
706:
670:
668:
663:
662:
608:
600:
599:
560:
552:
551:
550:
450:
440:
439:
438:
367:
359:
358:
357:
256:
248:
247:
246:
223:
215:
214:
213:
202:Babylonian rule
163:
132:
125:
110:
74:Western history
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3289:
3287:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3258:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3130:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2788:
2777:
2758:
2747:
2741:
2726:
2698:
2692:
2674:
2668:
2650:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2632:
2612:
2603:
2594:
2585:
2576:
2567:
2558:
2547:
2523:
2507:
2491:
2480:www.livius.org
2467:
2445:
2428:
2419:
2407:
2395:
2383:
2374:
2350:
2333:
2324:
2304:
2295:
2286:
2275:
2234:
2213:
2196:
2181:
2157:
2140:
2133:
2113:
2110:. Vol. 1.
2090:
2079:
2054:
2037:
2025:
2000:
1987:
1974:
1965:
1953:
1920:
1910:
1898:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1864:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1804:
1797:
1794:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1736:Comes Orientis
1720:
1719:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1624:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1545:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1493:
1486:
1463:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1407:
1406:
1399:
1389:
1372:, his mother,
1359:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1285:Edict of Milan
1281:
1278:
1259:
1258:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1195:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1001:
1000:
997:
993:
992:
989:
985:
984:
981:
977:
976:
973:
969:
968:
965:
961:
960:
957:
953:
952:
949:
945:
944:
941:
937:
936:
933:
929:
928:
925:
921:
920:
917:
913:
912:
909:
905:
904:
901:
897:
896:
893:
892:Fl. Dionysius
889:
888:
885:
881:
880:
877:
873:
872:
869:
865:
864:
861:
857:
856:
853:
849:
848:
845:
835:
829:
815:, he governed
790:
787:
729:
728:Administration
726:
716:in modern-day
708:
707:
705:
704:
697:
690:
682:
679:
678:
665:
664:
661:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
609:
606:
605:
602:
601:
598:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
561:
558:
557:
554:
553:
549:
548:
543:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
468:
463:
458:
452:
451:
446:
445:
442:
441:
437:
436:
430:
424:
421:Beirut Vilayet
418:
412:
406:
400:
394:
388:
385:Tripoli Eyalet
382:
376:
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
356:
355:
349:
343:
337:
331:
328:Zengid dynasty
325:
319:
313:
307:
301:
295:
289:
283:
277:
271:
265:
258:
257:
254:
253:
250:
249:
245:
244:
238:
237:(64 BC–646 AD)
232:
225:
224:
221:
220:
217:
216:
212:
211:
205:
199:
193:
192:(1600–1178 BC)
187:
186:(1550–1077 BC)
181:
171:
165:
164:
159:
158:
155:
154:
146:
145:
137:
136:
127:
126:
119:
112:
111:
109:
108:
102:
97:
90:
87:
86:
80:
79:
60:
59:
57:
56:
46:
43:
42:
36:
35:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3288:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3134:Roman Lebanon
3132:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Dakoue temple
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2968:Augusti Pagus
2966:
2964:
2963:Arca Caesarea
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2902:
2897:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2837:Roman Berytus
2835:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2748:
2744:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2727:
2720:
2716:
2713:(in Polish).
2712:
2704:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2678:Kassir, Samir
2675:
2671:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2635:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2616:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2580:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2551:
2548:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2492:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2456:. Saints.SQPN
2455:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2370:0-7172-0129-5
2367:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2249:XXI, 478-80;
2248:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2207:4.8; Barnes,
2206:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2182:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1972:Simmons, 848.
1969:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1906:Eißfeldt 1941
1902:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1869:, Maghdouché.
1868:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1601:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1500: 337 AD
1494:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1356:
1344:
1331: 323 AD
1325:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1240:
1236: 309 AD
1230:
1229:
1224:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1206: 305 AD
1200:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1186:Tree of Jesse
1182:
1176: 305 AD
1170:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
994:
990:
987:
986:
982:
979:
978:
974:
971:
970:
966:
963:
962:
958:
955:
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867:
866:
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851:
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843:
833:
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828:
826:
822:
821:Mount Lebanon
818:
814:
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806:
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800:
796:
788:
786:
784:
783:Mount Lebanon
764:
760:
756:
755:
750:
746:
742:
734:
727:
725:
723:
720:or regarding
719:
715:
703:
698:
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659:
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541:
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517:
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509:
507:
504:
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501:2006 July War
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
476:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
461:Chehabist era
459:
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454:
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353:
350:
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329:
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320:
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314:
311:
310:Seljuk Empire
308:
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290:
287:
284:
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269:
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243:(610s–628 AD)
242:
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230:
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219:
218:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:Assyrian rule
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:Egyptian rule
182:
180:(2500–333 BC)
179:
175:
172:
170:
167:
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162:
157:
156:
153:
152:
148:
147:
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117:
106:
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98:
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85:
82:
81:
75:
71:
66:
62:
61:
55:
51:
48:
47:
45:
44:
41:
40:Key event(s):
38:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
20:
3213:
3073:Castra Chbib
3063:Qalaat Faqra
2983:Bziza temple
2973:Bakka temple
2938:Aaqbe temple
2794:
2781:
2768:
2763:
2752:
2731:
2719:the original
2714:
2710:
2682:
2658:
2622:
2615:
2606:
2597:
2588:
2579:
2570:
2561:
2550:
2539:. Retrieved
2536:st-takla.org
2535:
2526:
2510:
2494:
2483:. Retrieved
2479:
2470:
2458:. Retrieved
2448:
2440:
2436:
2431:
2422:
2410:
2398:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2357:
2353:
2344:
2336:
2327:
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2298:
2289:
2278:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2221:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2189:
2184:
2173:. Retrieved
2170:www.ccel.org
2169:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2123:
2116:
2105:
2093:
2082:
2071:. Retrieved
2069:. 2017-02-19
2066:
2057:
2047:
2040:
2008:
2003:
1995:
1990:
1982:
1977:
1968:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1940:
1936:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1901:
1893:
1888:
1854:Architecture
1846:Sebastianus?
1845:
1827:
1824:October 363
1808:
1807:
1783:
1769:
1533:
1513:
1185:
948:Euchrostius
924:Apollinaris
916:Marcellinus
831:
812:
808:
802:
798:
797:, who was a
792:
762:
752:
739:
713:
711:
658:10th century
627:
391:Sidon Eyalet
373:Ottoman rule
210:(538–332 BC)
208:Persian rule
204:(605–538 BC)
198:(883–605 BC)
190:Hittite rule
149:
99:
83:
68:Colossus of
39:
27:
3179:Coele-Syria
3008:Iaat column
2515:Cook (1914)
2499:Cook (1914)
1945:1932, 79 =
1842:Summer 388
1834:Summer 365
1772:rhetorician
1517:of Phoenice
1413:Mar Awtel,
1094:Severianus
1078:Epiphanius
1065:Before 388
1062:Eustathius
975:Before 361
964:Andronicus
959:Before 360
951:(?) 359/60
935:Before 358
871:Before 305
653:9th century
648:8th century
643:7th century
638:6th century
633:5th century
628:4th century
623:3rd century
618:2nd century
613:1st century
435:(1920–1943)
433:French rule
429:(1918–1920)
423:(1888–1917)
417:(1861–1918)
411:(1843-1861)
405:(1749–1957)
399:(1697–1842)
393:(1660–1864)
387:(1579–1864)
381:(1516–1840)
375:(1516–1918)
354:(1493–1860)
348:(1490–1697)
342:(1306–1591)
336:(1291–1515)
330:(1127–1250)
324:(1099–1291)
318:(1099–1291)
312:(1037–1194)
306:(1024–1080)
231:(332–64 BC)
131:History of
105:5th century
100:4th century
95:3rd century
84:Chronology:
70:Constantine
3260:Categories
2978:Batroumine
2913:Heliopolis
2541:2022-09-17
2517:, p.
2501:, p.
2485:2022-09-23
2203:Eusebius,
2175:2022-09-17
2147:Eusebius,
2073:2022-09-17
1881:References
1859:Shrine of
1837:Anonymous
1796:Professors
1716: 383
1681:Theodosius
1553:King Ezana
1534:Letter 492
1519:in 342 AD.
1479:Athanasius
1382:Maghdouché
1309:Frumentius
1070:Antherius
1057:382 – 383
1033:364 – 365
1017:363 – 364
1009:362 – 363
980:Anatolius
967:360 – 361
943:358 – 359
940:Nicentius
932:Demetrius
900:Archelaus
895:328 – 329
884:Achillius
842:Consularis
832:Consularis
741:Diocletian
722:its people
607:By century
352:Harfushids
294:(909–1171)
288:(890–1004)
276:(750–1258)
235:Roman rule
169:Prehistory
3058:Hosn Niha
2773:Cambridge
2360:, vol. 2
2241:RUFINUS,
2013:Routledge
1894:Byzantium
1828:Scylacius
1790:auditoria
1786:stationes
1766:Education
1457:, Lebanon
1415:Kfarsghab
1316:Ethiopia.
1273:issues a
1271:Maximinus
1156:Ulphianus
1140:Nicomedia
1102:Leontius
1086:Domitius
1054:Proculus
1038:Leontius
1030:Domninus
1022:Ulpianus
996:Julianus
991:c. 361/2
988:Polycles
956:Julianus
844:Governor
789:Governors
575:Kfarsghab
475:Aftermath
300:(935–969)
282:(868–905)
270:(661–750)
264:(636–661)
222:Classical
178:Phoenicia
3159:Ulpianus
2460:April 5,
2391:Libanius
2341:Le Quien
2316:Archived
2251:Acta SS.
1933:III, 133
1874:basilica
1775:Libanius
1732:Proculus
1538:Libanius
1455:Antelias
1292:Eusebius
1275:rescript
1201:dies in
1188:, 1535,
1129:, Berlin
876:Maximus
745:Batanaea
585:Kisrawan
540:Reaction
366:Colonial
346:Ma'anids
280:Tulunids
255:Medieval
151:Timeline
122:a series
120:Part of
3127:Related
2846:Berytus
2644:Sources
1557:Saizana
1515:praeses
1475:Tripoli
1419:Lebanon
1394:is the
1378:Astarte
1144:denarii
1046:Petrus
1014:Marius
1005:Gaianus
911:c. 337
908:Nonnus
887:c. 323
825:Palmyra
813:praeses
799:praeses
770:
718:Lebanon
714:301–400
595:Tripoli
397:Shihabs
161:Ancient
133:Lebanon
2739:
2690:
2683:Beirut
2666:
2630:
2368:
2228:
2155:, 152.
2131:
2019:
1951:7.152.
1806:Names
1803:Dates
1481:, the
1165:Aphian
1112:Events
927:353/4
749:Arabia
565:Beirut
340:Assafs
174:Canaan
124:on the
3108:Tyrus
2722:(PDF)
2707:(PDF)
2247:P.L.,
1779:Latin
1565:Arian
1427:Awtel
847:Date
580:Sidon
570:Chouf
3053:Niha
2943:Afqa
2737:ISBN
2688:ISBN
2664:ISBN
2628:ISBN
2462:2011
2366:ISBN
2226:ISBN
2129:ISBN
2017:ISBN
1750:390s
1696:The
1688:380s
1675:The
1657:370s
1578:360s
1532:The
1524:350s
1507:340s
1465:The
1437:330s
1401:The
1321:320s
1283:The
1249:310s
1134:The
1117:300s
1105:392
1097:391
1089:390
1081:388
1073:388
1049:380
1041:372
1025:364
999:362
983:361
919:342
903:335
809:PLRE
767:lit.
590:Tyre
2519:555
2503:556
2257:in
1929:CIL
1788:or
1540:to
1453:at
52:,
3262::
2771:.
2715:12
2709:.
2534:.
2478:.
2441:Ed
2439:,
2343:,
2168:.
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2065:.
2028:^
2011:.
1935:;
1872:A
1713:c.
1594:c.
1497:c.
1417:,
1328:c.
1233:c.
1203:c.
1173:c.
785:.
757:,
724:.
93:←
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2696:.
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2076:.
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1208:.
1192:.
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765:(
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107:→
76:.
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