964:. 39th Heavy Artillery Group, which 149th Siege Bty had joined on 11 February, supported this attack. Preliminary bombardment began on 4 April, with VII Corps assigning a range of tasks to its 6-inch howitzer batteries: cutting the barbed wire in the distant second and third German trench lines; targeting the trench systems themselves; and CB work. At night, the 6-inch howitzers might be called on to supplement the 60-pdrs for distant HF tasks, mainly to prevent the Germans from repairing the damage. Most of 8 April (hich should have been the day of the attack) was devoted to CB fire to neutralise every known enemy gun position and observation post (OP), and to complete the wire-cutting. When the infantry divisions went over the top on 9 April, the 6-inch howitzers laid a standing barrage on the support line of the German front trench system, then, when the creeping barrage fired by field guns ahead of the infantry reached this line, the standing barrage was shifted onto the second objective. VII Corps' two right-hand divisions were held up in front of the Hindenburg Line, where the distant wire had not been cut, but the two on the left penetrated as much as 2 miles (3.2 km) into the German positions, with relatively light casualties, largely thanks to the artillery support. Bitter fighting, with progressively less success, went on along the Arras front for several more weeks before the offensive was called off in mid-May.
441:
833:
1107:
733:
415:(WO) issued instructions to separate those men who had signed up for Home Service only, and form these into reserve units. On 31 August, the formation of a reserve or 2nd Line unit was authorised for each 1st Line unit where 60 per cent or more of the men had volunteered for Overseas Service. The titles of these 2nd Line units would be the same as the original, but distinguished by a '2/' prefix. In this way duplicate brigades, companies and batteries were created, mirroring those TF formations being sent overseas.
1169:
937:
557:
55:
72:
620:. In August the battery was joined by a section from 416th Siege Bty, just arrived from the UK, but the additional guns to bring it up to a strength of six did not arrive until November. When HAGs were converted into permanent brigades in December 1917, 41st Siege Bty joined 23rd (9.2-inch Howitzer) Bde, of which the heaviest element (the 9.2-inch howitzers) were manned by 94th Siege Bty, also formed in part from the Durham RFA (
945:
joined 3rd HAG with Fourth Army on 28 August at the height of the Battle of the Somme. It transferred to 14th HAG on 16 October. Once the Somme offensive was over, 149th Siege Bty went back to 3rd HAG on 2 December. This group was now with Fifth Army but transferred to Fourth on 22 December. However, on 24 December149th Siege Bty was ordered to 35th HAG with Third Army, which it joined on 31 December.
1239:, completing the process on 22 June. Of its subunits, the TA batteries (those numbered up to 300) passed into suspended animation, the war-formed batteries (numbered above 300) were disbanded. That left just 273 and 348 Coast Btys in existence under Northern Command. 273 Coast Bty entered suspended animation between 19 October and 1 November 1945, while 348 Bty later joined 4 Coast Training Rgt, RA.
398:) and at Hartlepool (3 × 6-inch), while the heavy battery was mobile and responsible for the landward defence of the batteries (heavy batteries were usually armed with obsolescent 4.7-inch guns). The commanding officer was Lt-Col Lancelot Robson, a doctor and former mayor of Hartlepool, who had first been commissioned into the 4th Durham RGA in 1893.
440:
538:. These were the first two MMs to be gazetted after the institution of the award in April 1916. Hope's medal was the first MM minted, and the first to be presented. In 1920, all members of the Durham RGA in action that day were made eligible for the British War Medal, normally only awarded to those who saw active service overseas.
860:. The bombardment programme was extended to seven days before Z day (1 July). On Z Day 94th Siege Bty succeeded in firing 100 rounds per gun in the 65 minutes preceding the attack, a remarkable feat that caused significant damage to the howitzers' buffers and recuperators due to overheating. However, the attack was a failure.
1343:
A memorial plaque was placed at Heugh
Battery to mark the spot 'where the first shell from the leading German battle cruiser fell at 8.10 am on 16 December 1914 and also records the place where during the bombardment the first British soldier was killed on British soil by enemy action during the
995:
After so many TF coast gunners had departed to units in the field, the remaining companies of the defended ports units were consolidated in April 1917. In the case of the Durham RGA this meant reorganising the seven remaining companies (1/1, 1/2, 1/4, 2/1, 2/2, 2/3, 2/4) into Nos 1–3 Companies in the
916:
The battery then took part in several of the set-piece battles of the
Hundred Days Offensive including the Australian–US attack at the St Quentin Canal. However the 9.2-inch howitzers were too clumsy to be much use in the pursuit. The battery's last action was at the assault crossing of the Sambre on
246:
in
November 1873. When that brigade was consolidated on 23 July 1880 to form the 1st Northumberland and Durham AVs (renamed the 1st Northumberland (Northumberland and Sunderland) from April 1882), the 1st Durham AVC provided Nos 13–15 Btys, later renumbered as Nos 7–9 Btys when another corps left the
1164:
From late 1942, with the danger of invasion having passed and with demands on manpower from other theatres, the UK's coast defences began to be reduced. On 11 March 1943 RHQ of 511th (Durham ) Coast Rgt was ordered to begin the process of going into suspended animation. The three batteries (139, 267
1069:
In 1926 it was decided that the coast defences of the UK would be manned by the TA alone. In 1932, HQ of the Durham Heavy Bde moved to the Drill Hall in Ward Street, Hartlepool and on 1 October 186 Battery was converted to a Medium
Battery and transferred to the 54th (Durham and West Riding) Medium
521:
The action ended at 08.52 when the batteries fired their last rounds at 9200 yards' range at the withdrawing warships. The
Germans had fired 1150 shells, killing 112 and wounding over 200 civilians and doing extensive damage to the town and docks. The Durham RGA suffered two killed, and in firing a
357:
was to combine with the 1st East Riding of
Yorkshire RGA to form a Durham and Yorkshire RGA, the two new units covering the whole NE coast of England. These plans were radically changed, so that by 1910 the Tynemouth and East Riding elements had formed their own units, while the 1st and 4th Durham
893:
When the German Spring
Offensive opened, 94th Siege Bty was supporting Fifth Army. After firing its SOS tasks in support of the infantry, the battery had to withdraw under fire. During the 'Great Retreat' the battery moved 85 miles (137 km) by road, prepared 13 positions, firing from nine of
501:
opened fire at 08.10 and Lt-Col Robson rushed from his home to take up his post as Fire
Commander and Battery Medical Officer at Heugh Battery. The first shell cut the Fire Commander's telephone lines, so the whole action was fought by the Battery Commanders on their own under standing orders. At
269:
refused to pay for the upkeep of field guns for
Volunteers and they had largely died out in the 1870s. In 1888, the 'position artillery' concept was revived and some Volunteer artillery companies were reorganised as position batteries to work alongside the Volunteer infantry brigades. On 14 July
944:
149th Siege Bty was formed at
Hartlepool on 22 May 1916 under Army Council Instruction 1091 of 29 May 1916, which laid down that it was to follow the establishment for New Army units, with a cadre of four officers and 78 men from the Durham RGA. It went out to the Western Front on 21 August and
1231:
had both been converted into garrison units for service in North West Europe, and on 15 February 1945 the remnants of their batteries joined 526th (Durham) Coast Rgt (259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 348 from 508th; 100, 269, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 319 from 512th).
636:
was launched on 21 March 1918. 41st Siege Bty's forward section of three guns was almost overrun as the German infantry broke through the line out of the mist, but the officer commanding, Maj Reginald Fillingham, was able to put the guns and ammunition out of action just in time. The remaining
426:
and there was an urgent need for batteries of heavy and siege artillery to be sent to France. The WO decided that the TF coastal gunners were well enough trained to take over many of the duties in the coastal defences, releasing Regular RGA gunners for service in the field, and 1st line TF RGA
1141:
At their height, in September 1941, the Tees/Hartlepool defences manned by 511th and 526th Coast Rgts comprised 1 × 9.2-inch gun, 6 × 6-inch, and 2 × 12-pounders. RHQ of 511th Coast Rgt was at Hartlepool, part of Hartlepool Fire Command. In early 1942 the two regiments came under command of
829:) units, this battery had a cadre of three officers and 78 men from the Durham RGA; the rest of the men would be Regulars and New Army recruits from the Tynemouth Garrison. The Nominal Rolls of the battery show large numbers of men with home addresses in Hartlepool and the surrounding area.
787:' assault crossing of the St Quentin Canal on 29 September, and continued with it at the Battle of the Selle on 17 October, when one German counter-attack was broken up when all available guns were turned onto it. 79th Brigade was part of IX Corps' artillery reserve for the advance to the
1208:. This left 526th Rgt in control of 116, 117, 139, 267 and 315 Btys. 513th Coast Rgt also took over 29 Coast Observer Detachment from 526th by November 1943. Early in 1944 the Northumbrian District coastal artillery HQ was scrapped and the CA units came directly under Northern Command.
979:
149th Siege Bty joined 67th HAG (67th Bde, RGA) with First Army on 15 December 1917 and remained with it until the Armistice. 67th was a 'Mixed' brigade with a variety of different heavy guns and howitzers. The battery was at rest from 3 February 1918 when it was joined by section of
886:
launched the successful assault on 7 June. The battery then spent the summer with Fourth Army on the Flanders coast awaiting a breakthrough at Ypres that never came. However, the battery received its heaviest casualties of the war from CB fire. It was rested in late 1917.
1066:(1895–1977), who was a director of a local shipping firm and had won a MC commanding a battery in France during the war. His younger brother, William Guy Ropner, was also a major in the Durham Heavy Brigade. Leonard Ropner later became an MP and was created a baronet.
967:
149th Siege Bty moved back to 35th HAG on 30 May, then to 58th HAG on 9 June, while minor operations continued against the Hindenburg Line, then it returned to 39th HAG on 16 June. There was then a quiet phase on Third Army's front while attention moved elsewhere.
791:
on 23 October. As the regimental historian relates, 'The guns of Fourth Army demonstrated, on 23 October, the crushing effect of well co-ordinated massed artillery. they simply swept away the opposition'. IX Corps stormed across the canal on 4 November (the
427:
companies that had volunteered for overseas service had been authorised to increase their strength by 50 per cent. Although complete defended ports units never went overseas, they did supply trained gunners to RGA units serving overseas. They also provided
541:
Although the unit never went overseas, the Durham RGA did supply trained gunners for RGA batteries and other units on active fronts (by 1916, for example, Sgt Douthwaite was with a siege battery and Bdr Mallin was a sergeant with an infantry battalion).
1038:
When the TF was reconstituted on 7 February 1920 the Durham RGA reformed at West Hartlepool, with one battery (later numbered 186) from Nos 1–3 Companies and one battery (later 187) from No 4 Company at Hartlepool. In 1921 the TF was reorganised as the
763:
Having been moved from one HAG to another, 142nd Heavy Bty joined 79th HAG on 18 December 1917, shortly before it became 79th Bde, remaining with it until the end of the war. 79th Brigade was with Second Army in April during the second phase of the
600:
sector. RGA brigades were redesignated Heavy Artillery Groups (HAGs) in April 1916, and the policy now was to move batteries between them as required. 41st Siege Bty transferred in June to 25th HAG on the Somme where it fought throughout the whole
496:
As was normal practice, the gunners 'stood to' at 06.30 and so were ready for action when the German warships approached. The Germans planned to bombard the batteries for 15 minutes to suppress them before turning the attention to the town. The
1394:. It went out to the Western Front on 6 February 1918. Two sections joined First Army on 22 February where one section was posted to 149th Siege Bty and one to 254th Siege Bty; the third section joined Fourth Army and was posted to
431:
to form complete units for front line service. The Durham RGA is known to have provided half the personnel of 41st Siege Bty and then to have raised 142nd Heavy Bty and provided personnel to 94th and 149th Siege Btys in 1915–16.
241:
The 2nd (Seaham) Corps was initially the largest of the four Durham AVCs, and the other three were attached to it for administrative purposes from August 1863. However, the attachment of the 1st Durham AVC was changed to the
1219:
detachments or were in the hands of care and maintenance parties. 513th (East Riding) Coast Rgt was disbanded and 316, 317 and 320 Btys joined 526th; later in April both 29 and 67 Coast Observer Detachments were disbanded.
971:
149th Siege Bty came under 59th HAG from 9 August, but then it was called upon to move north to the Ypres sector to join 81st HAG with Fifth Army on 31 August. This was the period of the battles of the Menin Ridge Road and
1118:
The regiment was formed mainly from 174 Hvy Bty, reorganised as A and B Btys. In the autumn of 1940 it was guarding Hartlepool, manning one 9.2-inch gun and four 6-inch guns. 315 Coast Bty, formed on 10 June 1940 at
3114:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 30: Coast Artillery, Defence Troops, Royal Artillery, and AA Defence of Merchant Ships, 14 May 1942, with amendments, TNA file WO 212/122.
525:
The bombardment of civilian targets caused great outrage among the British public at the time. The commanding officer and three gun captains of the Durham RGA were later decorated, Lt-Col Robson receiving a
3128:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 30: Coast Artillery, Defence Troops, Royal Artillery, and AA Defence of Merchant Ships, 12 December 1942, with amendments, TNA file WO
3733:
3763:
875:). Following up was especially difficult for the heavy artillery, with all the roads forwards having been destroyed, and 94th Siege Bty had to haul its howitzers across the devastated countryside.
760:
conditions for the British artillery were very bad: batteries were clearly observable and suffered badly from CB fire, while their own guns sank into the mud and became difficult to aim and fire.
214:
265:
As well as manning fixed coast defence artillery, some of the early Artillery Volunteers manned semi-mobile 'position batteries' of smooth-bore field guns pulled by agricultural horses. But the
1185:
The regiment was formed mainly from 187 Hvy Bty, reorganised as A and B Btys, which were numbered 116 and 117 on 1 April 1941. At this time 116 was at Pasley, and 117 at South Gare, both near
3738:
1267:
3172:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 7: Coast Artillery, Defence Troops, Royal Artillery, and AA Defence of Merchant Ships (July 1943) TNA file WO 212/124.
1189:. By late 1941 RHQ was at Pasley Battery in Pasley Fire Command. In the summer of 1941 the regiment was joined by the newly formed 67 Coast Observer Detachment. In April 1942, 316 Bty at
3743:
3728:
708:
748:. Maximum use was made of observation balloons and aircraft to pinpoint opposing batteries for the heavies' CB fire. The battery rejoined Fifth Army on 1 September in time for the
713:
Authorised on 31 October 1915, this 4-gun battery was formed from 1/1st and 2/1st Heavy Batteries of the Durham RGA. It embarked for the Western Front on 21 March 1916 and joined
3758:
3753:
270:
1892, the 1st Durham Volunteer Artillery were reorganised as one position battery and six companies (seven companies by 1894). The HQ was in Sunderland, except No 6 Company at
258:, on 1 April 1882. A reorganisation of the divisions on 1 July 1887 saw the 1st Durham AVC regain its independence, with HQ at Sunderland and eight batteries, attached to the
1228:
1205:
890:
On 6 December, 94th Siege Bty joined 23rd Bde, remaining with it until the Armistice. It was increased to six guns when a section joined on 15 January from 190th Siege Bty.
589:. Capt O.L. Trechmann, previously commanding No 4 Company of the Durham RGA, was appointed second-in-command of the new battery, and took over its command in November 1916.
534:
for extracting a live cartridge from the breech of the Lighthouse Battery gun after a misfire, and Acting Bombardier J.J. Hope and Bombardier F.W. Mallin each received the
772:. The heaviest guns were sent to the rear but the 60-pdrs remained with the field artillery firing in support of the hard-pressed infantry. On 28 June 79th Bde supported
1224:
1158:
582:
and half from Territorials of the Durham RGA. The battery formed part of 34th Brigade, RGA, and sailed with it to France on 9 December, equipped with four of the latest
3161:
864:
825:
Formed on 16 December 1915 at Tynemouth under War Office Instruction No 181 of December 1915, which laid down that it was to follow the establishment for 'New Army' (
1258:
However, it was soon afterwards decided to reduce the number of TA coast regiments and, on 1 September 1948, 427 Regiment was converted into an air defence unit as
3192:
Order of Battle of the Forces in the United Kingdom, Part 7, Coast Artillery and AA Defence of Merchant Ships (1 April 1944), with amendments, TNA file WO 212/120.
1135:
1131:
3712:
1395:
909:
near Marincourt. With the assistance of his telephonists, he turned one gun round and fired over 100 rounds at the retreating enemy, for which he was awarded a
363:
205:
3337:
987:
In the postwar 'interim army' plans, 149th Siege Bty was intended to become C Bty in 55th Bde, RGA, but was disbanded in 1919 after the Treaty of Versailles.
3448:, London: Macmillan, 1939/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1994, ISBN 0-89839-211-X/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84574-727-5.
905:
at Amiens on 8 August. During the advance in late August 1918, the battery's forward observation officer, Capt R.A.E. Somerville, found two abandoned German
820:
551:
3437:, London: Macmillan, 1937/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1995, ISBN 1-87042394-1/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84574-726-8.
1153:
In January 1942, 267 Coast Bty had 21 (Static) Defence Troop, RA, attached to it for local protection. On 11 June 1942, 397 Bty was attached to 511th from
976:. When Second Army took over the lead in the offensive, the battery joined it and came under 72nd HAG on 4 October for the final battles of Passchendaele.
1365:
The medals of Lt-Col Lancelot Robson, who commanded the Durham RGA during the Raid on Hartlepool, are held by Hartlepool Borough Council Museums Service.
3748:
920:
94th Siege Bty was intended to form 144th Bty, RGA, in the interim order of battle for the postwar army, but this was rescinded after the signing of the
863:
94th Siege Bty then moved to Fifth Army for the later stages of the Somme offensive, which finally died down in November. The battery took part in minor
457:
111:
3362:
1070:
Bde RA. The unit raised a new battery numbered 174 in October 1937. In line with the RA"s modernisation of its terminology, the unit was entitled the
2927:
1942:
1916:
1890:
1836:
882:(11 April). It joined Second Army for the Battle of Messines, being involved in exchanges of CB fire with Germans batteries before the explosion of
796:), after which the campaign became a pursuit of a beaten enemy, in which the slow-moving heavy guns could play little part. The war ended with the
297:
brewing family of Sunderland, and the family name frequently appears among the lists of Durham Volunteer Artillery officers. Among them was Major
3141:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 20: Coast Artillery, 16 December 1941, with amendments, TNA file WO 212/118.
1351:, 'in memory of the officers, non-commissioned officers and gunners of the Durham Royal Garrison Artillery who fell in the Great War 1914–1918'.
1204:
When the regiment took over the batteries from 511th (Durham) Coast Rgt on 1 April 1943, command of 316 and 317 Btys was in turn transferred to
2186:
1978:
883:
841:
3084:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 20: Coast Artillery, 1 June 1941, with amendments, TNA file WO 212/117.
729:(CB) fire. On 5 October 1916 142nd Heavy Bty was brought up to a strength of six guns when it was joined by a section from 176th Heavy Bty.
3201:
Order of Battle of the Forces in the United Kingdom, Part 7, Section A – Coast Artillery (June 1945), with amendments, TNA file WO 212/121.
1313:
322:
231:
3474:, London: Macmillan, 1940/London: Imperial War Museum & Battery Press/Uckfield: Naval and Military Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84574722-0.
1215:) led to further reductions in coast defences in April 1944. By this stage of the war many of the coast battery positions were manned by
485:
warships. The port was defended by two batteries. On the day in question, 11 officers and 155 other ranks of the Durham RGA were manning
3629:
1381:
There are scattered references to this as '94th (Durham) Siege Bty', but the subtitle does not seem to have been officially recognised.
832:
638:
502:
ranges of 4000 to 5000 yards the German shells fell round the batteries without scoring a direct hit. Heugh Battery engaged first the
251:
3540:
3525:
3393:
2948:
2564:
1712:
1083:
1040:
997:
259:
149:
75:
3280:
1106:
321:
brown ale in 1901 to celebrate the detachment's return and the beer is still brewed in Sunderland. Ernest Vaux later commanded the
1319:
Col Robert Lauder, VD, appointed Hon Col of 4th Durham RGA 24 June 1905 and subsequently of the combined Durham RGA, 1 April 1908.
1348:
1325:
853:
3664:
3260:
3229:
1331:
1063:
1058:
The HQ was still at The Armoury in West Hartlepool, which was shared with the 3rd (Durham) Battery, RFA, and the 5th Battalion
145:
3652:
3240:
1688:
757:
749:
293:
Edwin Vaux (1844–1908), who commanded the 1st Durham AVC from 1888, and was Hon Col from 1906, was a member of the prominent
1198:
1154:
346:
243:
3697:
1355:
1194:
1052:
714:
653:
518:
forebridge, disabling two guns of the secondary armament, but suffered a number of misfires due to an electrical fault.
2142:
2131:
2108:
1974:
1008:
395:
1216:
1111:
949:
849:
793:
732:
681:
629:
531:
527:
419:
314:
157:
129:
3692:
1263:
3642:
3341:
3379:
History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 4: The Army Council, GHQs, Armies, and Corps 1914–1918
1255:, both still based at West Hartlepool. Both regiments were subordinated to 103 Coast Brigade, based at Darlington.
1014:
957:
902:
879:
673:
669:
625:
490:
391:
1290:
1143:
784:
773:
613:
593:
586:
318:
156:, it was the only coastal defence unit to engage the enemy, and it also trained siege gunners for service on the
3702:
776:
in a limited counter-attack on La Becque, which was described as 'a model operation' for artillery cooperation.
3557:, London: Royal Artillery Institution, 1959/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-845740-31-3.
1298:
769:
665:
278:
235:
684:(4 November). After that the pursuit was too fast for the 6-inch howitzers to keep up, and the battery was in
17:
3181:
3150:
3061:
3043:
3325:
3314:
765:
753:
649:
633:
617:
1168:
984:
on 22 February to bring it up to six guns. The battery served with First Army through the battles of 1918.
411:
On the outbreak of war, TF units were invited to volunteer for Overseas Service and on 15 August 1914, the
2935:
1090:, when the UK was in imminent danger of invasion. On 14 July 1940 the Durham Heavy Rgt was reorganised as
1047:. The RGA was subsumed into the Royal Artillery on 1 June 1924 and the unit was redesignated again as the
1027:
973:
857:
797:
780:
745:
689:
448:, Commanding Durham RGA, Fire Commander, Hartlepool Batteries, on 16 December 1914 during the bombardment.
1946:
1920:
1894:
1840:
522:
total of 123 rounds had inflicted at least seven direct hits, killing 8 German seamen and wounding four.
1408:
1165:
and 315) transferred to 526th (Durham) Coast Rgt on 1 April, and RHQ completed the process on 21 April.
1059:
645:
563:
lorry towing a 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer. 41st Siege Bty was the first unit to be issued with this new gun.
350:
281:(RGA) and with the abolition of the RA's divisional organisation on 1 January 1902, the unit became the
271:
3676:
871:
on 17 February. Shortly afterwards the Germans began their planned withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line (
3459:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1947/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1993, ISBN 1-870423-06-2.
3426:
3300:
1286:
921:
845:
804:
726:
609:
445:
3381:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1944/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, ISBN 1-847347-43-6.
1277:
The coast artillery branch was disbanded in 1956, and, on 31 October, 426 Regiment was converted to
913:. The two guns were sent home as trophies, one to the Durham RGA and one to the town of Sunderland.
349:
to form a Northumberland and Durham RGA (and spin off a battery and ammunition column for the local
3497:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: The Years of Defeat: Europe and North Africa, 1939–1941
826:
677:
602:
3418:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The Defence of the United Kingdom
1146:, changing to Corps Coast Artillery, Northumbrian District, when IX Corps went to North Africa in
1126:
A and B Btys were numbered 267 and 268 on 1 April 1941. At this point 267 was manning the guns at
3416:
1391:
1212:
1087:
872:
1596:
936:
574:
Garrison on 2 July 1915, half the strength being Regular details returned from the garrisons of
3617:, London: War Office, 7 November 1927 (RA sections also summarised in Litchfield, Appendix IV).
721:. On 31 July the battery transferred to Fifth Army fighting the Battle of the Somme, where the
3625:
3536:
3521:
3389:
2223:
2182:
2031:
1861:
1235:
Finally, on 1 June 1945 RHQ of 526th (Durham) Coast Rgt began to enter suspended animation at
906:
722:
342:
302:
196:
362:
as a 'defended ports unit' (the 4th had also spun off a battery and ammunition column to the
3568:, London: Macmillan, 1938/Imperial War Museum & Battery Press, 1992, ISBN 0-89839-169-5.
1875:
1316:, appointed Hon Col of 1st Durham Volunteer Artillery 17 November 1888, died 26 August 1900.
1127:
661:
453:
428:
1266:
were integrated into the unit) on 1 January 1949. On 1 January 1954, this unit merged into
779:
79th Brigade joined Fourth Army on 18 August, soon after the beginning of the final Allied
3680:
3668:
3490:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: The Forgotten Fronts and the Home Base 1914–18
3478:
1716:
1610:
1328:, VD, appointed Hon Col of Durham Heavy Brigade 29 September 1921, died 18 September 1928.
1278:
1223:
With the war in Europe coming to an end, this process was accelerated at the end of 1944.
1147:
898:
657:
583:
556:
354:
338:
255:
230:
The first Captain Commandant of the 1st Durham AVC at Sunderland was the local politician
192:
173:
101:
71:
3499:, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1988/London: Brasseys, 1996, ISBN 1-85753-080-2.
1709:
1322:
Edwin Vaux, CB, VD, appointed Hon Col of 1st Durham RGA 9 June 1906, died 25 June 1908.
1201:, and in July 526th Rgt took over 29 Coast Observer Detachment from the same regiment.
1082:
At the outbreak of war in September 1939, the Durham Heavy Rgt was under the orders of
910:
741:
597:
535:
475:
423:
60:
386:
The companies were responsible for manning the batteries of fixed coastal guns of the
3722:
3661:
3412:
1271:
1173:
718:
486:
218:
181:
1582:
1354:
The parade ground of the former Durham RGA HQ at The Armoury became the site of the
345:. In the original 1908 plans for the TF, the 1st Durham RGA was to combine with the
1120:
1030:, the TF was demobilised and the Durham RGA placed in suspended animation in 1919.
788:
637:
section fought throughout the 'Great Retreat' and supported the Australians at the
461:
306:
294:
262:, with the subtitle '(Western Division Royal Artillery)' added to its designation.
177:
161:
1680:
1130:, 268 at Hartlepool Old Pier. On 3 June 1941 268 Bty went to the Orkneys, joining
897:
In the summer of 1918, the battery supported Australian Corps' surprise attack on
514:
which was firing at Lighthouse Battery. Lighthouse Battery scored a direct hit on
510:
until they passed out of its arc of fire, and then concentrated on the stationary
605:
from July to November, sustaining heavy casualties from enemy shellfire in July.
3463:
3446:
May–July: The German Diversion Offensives and the First Allied Counter-Offensive
560:
326:
298:
153:
3029:
699:, in the Regular Army, but was absorbed into another battery in January 1920.
482:
468:
412:
387:
266:
224:
200:
97:
3535:, London: T. Werner Laurie, 1919/Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2004,
878:
The battery came back into action during the Arras offensive, supporting the
3548:
Pro Patria Mori: The 56th (1st London) Division at Gommecourt, 1st July 1916
1309:
The following served as Honorary Colonels of the unit and its predecessors:
1123:(2 × 6-inch guns), was regimented with 511th Coast Rgt on 31 December 1940.
868:
579:
575:
452:
On the morning of 16 December 1914, a German naval force under Rear Admiral
310:
3647:
1211:
The manpower requirements for the forthcoming Allied invasion of Normandy (
3420:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1957/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004
571:
3518:
The Territorial Artillery 1908–1988 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
1000:. By April 1918 the Tees and Hartlepool guns were organised as follows:
844:, 94th Siege Battery landed in France on 30 May 1916 equipped with four
285:. 'Position batteries' were redesignated 'heavy batteries' in May 1902.
3615:
Titles and Designations of Formations and Units of the Territorial Army
1334:, MC, TD, MP, appointed Hon Col of Durham Heavy Brigade 1 January 1930.
1186:
3562:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1916
3511:
The Volunteer Artillery 1859–1908 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
3468:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917
3453:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
3442:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
3431:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
960:
with Third Army simultaneously assaulted the Hindenburg Line south of
672:(29 September) and the following advance. It then fired in support of
180:
in time of need. Four Artillery Volunteer Corps (AVCs) were raised in
1569:
1236:
1190:
1172:
Mk VII 6-inch gun in typical coast defence emplacement, preserved at
736:
Moving a 60-pounder during the Third Ypres offensive, September 1917.
685:
277:
On 1 June 1899, all the Volunteer artillery units became part of the
209:
176:
units composed of part-time soldiers eager to supplement the Regular
2143:
23rd Bde War Diary, September 1918–April 1919, TNA file WO 95/469/5.
164:, after which it was converted into air defence and engineer units.
1754:
WO Instructions No 41 of September 1914 and No 248 of October 1914.
3550:, 2nd Edn, West Wickham: Iona Books, 2008, ISBN 978-0-9558119-1-3.
3506:, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-009-X.
3492:, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1988, ISBN 1-870114-05-1.
3485:, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1986, ISBN 1-870114-00-0.
1167:
1105:
961:
935:
925:
831:
731:
555:
439:
184:, with their officers' commissions being issued on 14 March 1860:
3483:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Western Front 1914–18
3472:
The German Retreat to the Hindenburg Line and the Battle of Arras
1297:. 132 Regiment was disbanded in 1961; 336 Sqn transferred to the
894:
them, and had fired over 1500 rounds. Casualties had been light.
493:
manned by No 4 Company) and Lighthouse Battery (one 6-inch gun).
244:
1st Administrative Brigade of Northumberland Artillery Volunteers
3685:
3403:, London: Frederick Muller, 1968/Star, 1981, ISBN 0-352-30833-8.
3386:
Riflemen Form: A study of the Rifle Volunteer Movement 1859–1908
2132:
23rd Bde War Diary, June 1918–August 1918, TNA file WO 95/469/4.
2109:
23rd HAG War Diary, October 1917–May 1918, TNA file WO 95/469/3.
808:
641:
where they decisively stopped the German advance on that front.
234:(1827–1900). He commanded it for 28 years and was appointed its
1262:. It became a 'Mixed' regiment (indicating that members of the
238:
in 1888 after command of the unit passed to Lt-Col Edwin Vaux.
3622:
The Corps of Royal Engineers: Organization and Units 1889–2018
3451:
Brig-Gen Sir James E. Edmonds & Lt-Col R. Maxwell-Hyslop,
2224:'Headquarters Heavy Artillery Groups', TNA file WO 95/5494/1.
1247:
Both regiments were reformed in the TA in 1947, 511 becoming
3673:
3580:
Instructions Issued by The War Office During September, 1915
1086:. The coast artillery branch was greatly expanded after the
3594:
Instructions Issued by The War Office During December, 1915
3587:
Instructions Issued by The War Office During October, 1915
3573:
Instructions Issued by The War Office During August, 1914
867:
in early 1917, including CB fire for II Corps' attack on
481:, concentrated on Hartlepool, which was a base for light
3707:
3513:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1982, ISBN 0-9508205-0-4.
1390:
448th Siege Battery, RGA, was formed on 8 June 1917 at
3734:
Coast defence units and formations of the British Army
709:
142nd (Durham) Heavy Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
456:
approached the coast of North East England to mount a
325:(TF) (known as 'Vaux's Own') from 1911 and throughout
608:
During 1917 the battery supported the attacks at the
3764:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1956
3566:
2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme
3457:
26th September–11th November, The Advance to Victory
3608:
Army Council Instructions issued during April, 1917
1821:
Kelly's Directory of Durham and Northumberland 1921
369:The organisation of the Durham RGA was as follows:
313:detachment of the 5th Imperial Yeomanry, winning a
172:An invasion scare in 1859 saw the creation of many
122:
117:
107:
93:
81:
66:
48:
40:
31:
3555:The History of Coast Artillery in the British Army
3435:March–April: Continuation of the German Offensives
2949:Northern Command 3 September 1939 at Patriot Files
940:Crew positioning a 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer in 1918.
848:Mark I and immediately began preparing to support
616:(when it sustained more heavy casualties) and the
250:The 1st Northumberland Brigade became part of the
3739:Military units and formations established in 1860
3601:Army Council Instructions issued during May, 1916
3211:
3209:
3207:
3016:
3014:
2836:Army Council Instruction No 686 of 26 April 1917.
1745:WO Instructions Nos 108 & 310 of August 1914.
803:On return to the UK the battery was disbanded at
744:' successful attack on Vimy Ridge as part of the
725:guns of the heavy batteries were called upon for
3162:Pasley & South Gare Batteries, Bye-Law 1939.
3012:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2855:
783:. It was among the mass of artillery supporting
592:The battery spent the early months of 1916 with
341:, the Volunteer Force was subsumed into the new
3533:Siege Battery 94 During the World War 1914–1918
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
1975:41st Siege Bty War Diary July 1915–January 1918
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
836:9.2-inch howitzer in action on the Somme, 1916.
3744:Military units and formations in County Durham
1525:
1523:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1197:(2 × 6-inch guns each) were incorporated from
1157:, but it left at the end of the month to join
652:on 8 August, and then followed the advance of
18:526th (Durham) Coast Regiment, Royal Artillery
3729:Artillery Volunteer Corps of the British Army
3504:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978
2928:"54th Medium Brigade, Royal Artillery (T.A.)"
2767:
2765:
2528:War Office Instruction No 181, December 1915.
2335:, Vol II, pp. 193–4, 214, 372–3; Appendix 17.
2235:
2233:
2231:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
8:
3137:
3135:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3110:
3108:
3080:
3078:
821:94th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
740:In April 1917 142nd Heavy Bty supported the
552:41st Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
353:(RFA) brigade), while the 4th Durham RGA in
3759:Military units and formations in Sunderland
3754:Military units and formations in Hartlepool
3620:Graham E. Watson & Richard A. Rinaldi,
2779:
2777:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2581:
1831:
1829:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1295:336 (Durham Coast) Crane Operating Squadron
1293:). Shortly afterwards, it was redesignated
1134:, being replaced on 5 June by 139 Bty from
418:By the autumn of 1914, the campaign on the
3407:Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage,
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
1871:
1869:
1555:
1553:
458:Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
112:Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
3674:Imperial War Museum War Memorials Archive
3094:
3092:
3090:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3039:
3037:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2873:
2871:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1407:Farndale misidentifies Pasley Battery as
1260:427 (Durham) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment
160:. It continued its coast defence role in
36:511th & 526th (Durham) Coast Rgts, RA
3225:
3223:
3221:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2127:
2125:
2104:
2102:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1891:"Douthwaite at Wartime Memories Project"
1816:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1043:(TA) and the unit was designated as the
648:launched their counter-offensive at the
3241:Coast Brigades at British Army 1945 on.
2750:Army Council Instructions for May 1916.
2445:, Vol V, pp. 189–92, 295–305, 318, 325.
2219:
2217:
2215:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1423:
1374:
3509:Norman Litchfield & Ray Westlake,
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
644:41st Siege Bty was in action when the
444:Photograph of Lt Col Lancelot Robson,
28:
3596:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1919.
3575:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1916.
3281:301–336 Sqns at British Army 1945 on.
3261:474–519 Rgts at British Army 1945 on.
3230:414–443 Rgts at British Army 1945 on.
1691:from the original on 19 February 2006
1466:Litchfield & Westlake, pp. 59–61.
1283:336 (Durham Coast) Field Squadron, RE
952:attacked Vimy Ridge on 9 April 1917 (
317:(DSO). The family brewery introduced
7:
3520:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1992,
3338:"Drill Halls at the Great War Forum"
3020:Frederick, pp. 603–11, 624–6, 631–6.
1943:"Mallin at Wartime Memories Project"
1837:"Robson at Wartime Memories Project"
1013:Hartlepool Lighthouse Battery – 1 ×
379:Nos 2–4 Companies at West Hartlepool
323:7th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry
3291:Watson & Rinaldi, pp. 297, 304.
2183:'Allocation of Heavy Batteries RGA'
2032:'Allocation of Siege Batteries RGA'
1347:There is also a memorial window at
1062:. The commanding officer was Major
1053:50th (Northumbrian) Divisional Area
695:Postwar the battery briefly became
3388:, Aldershot: Ogilby Trusts, 1982,
3062:526 (Durham) Coast Rgt at RA 39–45
3044:511 (Durham) Coast Rgt at RA 39–45
1917:"Hope at Wartime Memories Project"
1538:Litchfield & Westlake, p. 138.
1110:9.2-inch Coastal gun preserved at
1022:Old Pier Battery – 2 × 4.7-inch QF
639:First Battle of Villers-Bretonneux
373:HQ at The Armoury, West Hartlepool
25:
3749:Military history of Tyne and Wear
3698:Orders of Battle at Patriot Files
2796:, pp. 179–85, 204, 213–4, 239–40.
1019:Heugh Battery – 2 × 6-inch Mk VII
3703:The Regimental Warpath 1914–1918
2187:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
1979:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
1559:Litchfield & Westlake, p. 6.
1326:John Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham
996:Tees and Hartlepool Garrison of
854:Attack on the Gommecourt Salient
692:came into force on 11 November.
676:in the set-piece battles of the
376:No 1 Heavy Battery at Sunderland
70:
53:
3713:RGA at Wartime Memories Project
3643:British Army units from 1945 on
3610:, London: HM Stationery Office.
3603:, London: HM Stationery Office.
3589:, London: HM Stationery Office.
3582:, London: HM Stationery Office.
3440:Brig-Gen Sir James E. Edmonds,
3363:Hartlepool Cultural Collections
1332:Sir Leonard Ropner, 1st Baronet
1004:No 17 Fire Control (Hartlepool)
34:Durham Royal Garrison Artillery
3531:Maj Charles E. Berkeley Lowe,
2926:T F Mills (28 December 2004).
2502:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
2467:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
2441:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
2419:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
1229:512th (East Riding) Coast Rgts
1007:Tees South Gare Battery – 2 ×
758:Second Battle of Passchendaele
752:and subsequent battles of the
750:Battle of the Menin Road Ridge
670:Battle of the St Quentin Canal
142:1st Durham Volunteer Artillery
32:1st Durham Volunteer Artillery
1:
1349:St Hilda's Church, Hartlepool
1206:513th (East Riding) Coast Rgt
1181:526th (Durham) Coast Regiment
1102:511th (Durham) Coast Regiment
347:Tynemouth Volunteer Artillery
89:Heavy Anti-Aircraft Artillery
44:14 March 1860–31 October 1956
2783:< Becke, Pt 4, pp. 177–8.
1356:West Hartlepool War Memorial
1096:526 (Durham) Coast Regiments
703:142nd (Durham) Heavy Battery
474:, with the armoured cruiser
364:III Northumbrian Brigade RFA
3708:The Royal Artillery 1939–45
3030:Heavy Regiments at RA 39–45
2506:, Vol V, pp. 386–8, 463–71.
2278:, pp. 164–6, 174–5; Map 23.
2265:, Vol I, pp. 306–7, 311–20.
1314:Sir Hedworth Williamson, Bt
1287:132 Field Engineer Regiment
1253:427 (Durham) Coast Regiment
1249:426 (Durham) Coast Regiment
1159:509th (Tynemouth) Coast Rgt
1112:Imperial War Museum Duxford
624:). The brigade was part of
532:Distinguished Conduct Medal
528:Distinguished Service Order
315:Distinguished Service Order
283:1st Durham RGA (Volunteers)
232:Sir Hedworth Williamson, Bt
3780:
3624:, Tiger Lily Books, 2018,
948:While Canadian Corps with
880:First attack on Bullecourt
818:
706:
587:BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzers
549:
382:No 5 Company at Hartlepool
301:, who volunteered for the
152:from 1860 to 1956. During
3553:Col K. W. Maurice-Jones,
3495:Gen Sir Martin Farndale,
3488:Gen Sir Martin Farndale,
1808:Maurice-Jones, pp, 196–9.
1710:RGA at Regimental Warpath
1291:Tyne Electrical Engineers
1045:Durham Coast Brigade, RGA
3648:British Military History
3516:Norman E.H. Litchfield,
3409:100th Edn, London, 1953.
3100:Years of Defeat, Annex H
2759:Becke, Pt 4, pp. 99–107.
2617:, pp. 174–6, pp. 258–63.
2423:, Vol V, pp. 101–6, 139.
2239:Becke, Pt 4, pp. 111–20.
2034:, TNA file WO 95/5494/4.
1715:14 November 2014 at the
1299:Royal Corps of Transport
1264:Women's Royal Army Corps
1150:at the end of the year.
1136:533rd (Orkney) Coast Rgt
1132:534th (Orkney) Coast Rgt
1049:Durham Heavy Brigade, RA
596:in the relatively quiet
279:Royal Garrison Artillery
144:was a unit of Britain's
128:Lt-Col Lancelot Robson,
3679:19 October 2014 at the
3667:23 October 2015 at the
3422:ISBN 978-1-84574-055-9.
2888:Titles and Designations
2771:Becke, Pt 4, pp. 89–98.
2366:Becke, Pt 4, pp. 201–3.
2313:Becke, Pt 4, pp. 79–87.
1772:Litchfield, Appendix 1.
1641:Frederick, pp. 697–707.
1586:Obituary of Ernest Vaux
1430:Beckett, Appendix VIII.
1268:485 (Tees) HAA Regiment
865:operations on the Ancre
766:German spring offensive
206:2nd (Seaham) Durham AVC
3655:The British Army, 1914
3271:Maurice-Jones, p. 277.
3251:Maurice-Jones, p. 276.
3072:Maurice-Jones, p. 220.
2877:Maurice-Jones, p. 206.
1862:Robson photo in Flickr
1736:Maurice-Jones, p. 186.
1670:Maurice-Jones, p. 166.
1661:Litchfield, pp. 58–60.
1475:Maurice-Jones, p. 164.
1344:Great War 1914–1918'.
1289:(formerly part of the
1177:
1115:
1028:Armistice with Germany
941:
907:7.7 cm field guns
858:First day on the Somme
837:
798:Armistice with Germany
781:Hundred Days Offensive
737:
690:Armistice with Germany
668:during the successful
564:
530:, Sgt T. Douthwaite a
460:. The battle cruisers
449:
422:was bogging down into
3182:Collier, Chapter XXI.
3151:Collier, Chapter XIX.
2546:Frederick, pp. 702–7.
2388:, Vol III, pp. 195–7.
2357:Becke Pt 4, pp. 74–8.
2322:Blaxland, pp. 117–24.
2153:Lowe, pp. 70–1, 82–3.
1448:Frederick, pp. 655–6.
1409:Paisley, Renfrewshire
1171:
1109:
1072:Durham Heavy Regiment
1060:Durham Light Infantry
1051:. It fell within the
939:
846:BL 9.2-inch howitzers
842:Major Daniel Sandford
835:
735:
618:Third Battle of Ypres
559:
443:
358:merged to form a new
351:Royal Field Artillery
3560:Capt Wilfred Miles,
2938:on 28 November 2007.
2493:Blaxland, pp. 254–6.
2471:, Vol V, pp. 352–61.
2432:Blaxland, pp. 251–2.
2410:Blaxland, pp. 232-7.
2291:, Vol I, pp. 321–39.
2189:, file WO 95/5494/C.
1074:on 1 November 1938.
924:and it disbanded at
922:Treaty of Versailles
811:on 11 October 1919.
794:Battle of the Sambre
610:Battle of Vimy Ridge
3693:Northumbrian Gunner
2665:, Vol I, pp. 76–82.
1981:, file WO 95/470/3.
1570:"Edwin Vaux - 1844"
932:149th Siege Battery
660:. It supported the
289:The Vaux connection
3502:J.B.M. Frederick,
3399:Gregory Blaxland,
3384:Ian F.W. Beckett,
3215:Frederick, p.1012.
2916:Frederick, p. 733.
2865:Frederick, p. 614.
2827:Frederick, p. 647.
2162:Frederick, p. 719.
2065:Frederick, p. 718.
1529:Frederick, p. 667.
1213:Operation Overlord
1178:
1116:
1088:Dunkirk evacuation
942:
873:Operation Alberich
838:
815:94th Siege Battery
754:Flanders Offensive
738:
614:Battle of Messines
568:41st Siege Battery
565:
546:41st Siege Battery
450:
436:Raid on Hartlepool
309:and commanded the
223:4th Durham AVC at
3344:on 27 August 2014
3304:29 September 1908
2818:Frederick, p. 720
2809:, pp. 165–8, 172.
2375:Blaxland, p. 149.
2096:Lowe, pp. 15, 52.
1949:on 27 August 2014
1923:on 27 August 2014
1897:on 27 August 2014
1843:on 27 August 2014
1727:Litchfield, p. 3.
1305:Honorary Colonels
1251:and 526 becoming
1225:508th (Tynemouth)
928:on 24 June 1919.
770:Battle of the Lys
697:41st Battery, RGA
680:(17 October) and
343:Territorial Force
333:Territorial Force
303:Imperial Yeomanry
252:Northern Division
199:, later moved to
135:
134:
85:Coastal Artillery
16:(Redirected from
3771:
3546:Alan MacDonald,
3427:James E. Edmonds
3365:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3340:. Archived from
3334:
3328:
3326:IWMWMA Ref 43322
3323:
3317:
3315:IWMWMA Ref 43276
3312:
3306:
3298:
3292:
3289:
3283:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3263:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3243:
3238:
3232:
3227:
3216:
3213:
3202:
3199:
3193:
3190:
3184:
3179:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3130:
3126:
3115:
3112:
3103:
3096:
3085:
3082:
3073:
3070:
3064:
3059:
3046:
3041:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3018:
2989:
2982:
2971:
2964:
2951:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2934:. Archived from
2923:
2917:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2891:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2866:
2863:
2850:
2847:Forgotten Fronts
2843:
2837:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2810:
2803:
2797:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2772:
2769:
2760:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2742:
2741:Lowe, pp. 66–83.
2739:
2733:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2697:
2696:Lowe, pp. 34–51.
2694:
2688:
2681:
2675:
2672:
2666:
2659:
2653:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2611:
2605:
2604:Lowe, pp. 18–20.
2602:
2596:
2595:Lowe, Part VIII.
2593:
2576:
2573:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2547:
2544:
2529:
2526:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2485:
2478:
2472:
2465:
2459:
2452:
2446:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2424:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2402:
2395:
2389:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2349:
2342:
2336:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2305:
2298:
2292:
2285:
2279:
2272:
2266:
2259:
2253:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2226:
2221:
2190:
2180:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2129:
2120:
2117:
2111:
2106:
2097:
2094:
2088:
2081:
2066:
2063:
2057:
2050:
2035:
2029:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1972:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1945:. Archived from
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1919:. Archived from
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1893:. Archived from
1887:
1881:
1873:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1839:. Archived from
1833:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1806:
1793:
1790:Forgotten Fronts
1786:
1773:
1770:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1719:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1642:
1639:
1616:
1608:
1602:
1594:
1588:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1548:
1547:Beckett, p. 178.
1545:
1539:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1518:
1513:
1476:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1449:
1446:
1431:
1428:
1412:
1405:
1399:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1128:Heugh Lighthouse
1084:Northern Command
1041:Territorial Army
998:Northern Command
901:on 4 July, then
827:Kitchener's Army
800:on 11 November.
662:Australian Corps
650:Battle of Amiens
634:Spring Offensive
632:when the German
454:Franz von Hipper
260:Western Division
236:Honorary Colonel
150:Territorial Army
76:Territorial Army
74:
59:
57:
56:
29:
21:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3681:Wayback Machine
3669:Wayback Machine
3662:Great War Forum
3639:
3630:978-171790180-4
3479:Martin Farndale
3377:Maj A.F. Becke,
3373:
3368:
3361:
3357:
3347:
3345:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3295:
3290:
3286:
3279:
3275:
3270:
3266:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3235:
3228:
3219:
3214:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3187:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3133:
3127:
3118:
3113:
3106:
3097:
3088:
3083:
3076:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3024:
3019:
2992:
2986:Years of Defeat
2983:
2974:
2968:Years of Defeat
2965:
2954:
2947:
2943:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2903:
2894:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2869:
2864:
2853:
2844:
2840:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2800:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2775:
2770:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2732:Lowe, pp. 71–2.
2731:
2727:
2723:Lowe, pp. 66–9.
2722:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2705:Lowe, pp. 53–4.
2704:
2700:
2695:
2691:
2682:
2678:
2674:Lowe, pp. 30–4.
2673:
2669:
2660:
2656:
2647:
2643:
2639:Lowe, pp. 21–9.
2638:
2634:
2625:
2621:
2615:Pro Patria Mori
2612:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2579:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2545:
2532:
2527:
2523:
2514:
2510:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2479:
2475:
2466:
2462:
2453:
2449:
2440:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2418:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2396:
2392:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2343:
2339:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2299:
2295:
2286:
2282:
2273:
2269:
2260:
2256:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2229:
2222:
2193:
2181:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2119:Lowe, pp 56–64.
2118:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2095:
2091:
2082:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2038:
2030:
1997:
1989:
1985:
1973:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1796:
1787:
1776:
1771:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1717:Wayback Machine
1708:
1704:
1694:
1692:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1645:
1640:
1619:
1614:14 October 1910
1609:
1605:
1600:, 20 March 1908
1595:
1591:
1581:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1452:
1447:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1406:
1402:
1396:174th Siege Bty
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1363:
1341:
1307:
1279:Royal Engineers
1245:
1199:544th Coast Rgt
1193:and 317 Bty at
1183:
1155:536th Coast Rgt
1148:Operation Torch
1104:
1080:
1036:
993:
982:448th Siege Bty
934:
823:
817:
756:. By the final
746:Arras Offensive
727:counter-battery
711:
705:
658:Hindenburg Line
603:Somme Offensive
554:
548:
438:
409:
404:
355:West Hartlepool
339:Haldane Reforms
335:
291:
256:Royal Artillery
170:
168:Volunteer Force
146:Volunteer Force
138:
124:
102:West Hartlepool
88:
87:Siege Artillery
86:
54:
52:
35:
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3777:
3775:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3721:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3687:London Gazette
3683:
3671:
3659:
3657:(archive site)
3650:
3645:
3638:
3637:Online sources
3635:
3634:
3633:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3529:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3475:
3460:
3449:
3438:
3423:
3410:
3404:
3397:
3382:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3355:
3329:
3318:
3307:
3302:London Gazette
3293:
3284:
3273:
3264:
3253:
3244:
3233:
3217:
3203:
3194:
3185:
3174:
3165:
3154:
3143:
3131:
3116:
3104:
3086:
3074:
3065:
3047:
3033:
3022:
2990:
2972:
2952:
2941:
2918:
2909:
2892:
2879:
2867:
2851:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2811:
2798:
2785:
2773:
2761:
2752:
2743:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2676:
2667:
2654:
2641:
2632:
2619:
2606:
2597:
2577:
2568:
2557:
2548:
2530:
2521:
2508:
2495:
2486:
2473:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2425:
2412:
2403:
2390:
2377:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2337:
2324:
2315:
2306:
2293:
2280:
2267:
2254:
2241:
2227:
2191:
2164:
2155:
2146:
2135:
2121:
2112:
2098:
2089:
2067:
2058:
2036:
1995:
1993:, August 1914.
1983:
1960:
1934:
1908:
1882:
1877:London Gazette
1865:
1854:
1825:
1810:
1794:
1774:
1756:
1747:
1738:
1729:
1720:
1702:
1672:
1663:
1643:
1617:
1612:London Gazette
1603:
1598:London Gazette
1589:
1575:
1561:
1549:
1540:
1531:
1519:
1477:
1468:
1450:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1400:
1383:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1306:
1303:
1244:
1241:
1182:
1179:
1103:
1100:
1079:
1076:
1064:Leonard Ropner
1035:
1032:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1011:
1005:
992:
989:
933:
930:
911:Military Cross
819:Main article:
816:
813:
742:Canadian Corps
707:Main article:
704:
701:
570:was formed in
550:Main article:
547:
544:
536:Military Medal
437:
434:
424:Trench warfare
408:
405:
403:
400:
384:
383:
380:
377:
374:
334:
331:
290:
287:
228:
227:
221:
215:3rd Durham AVC
212:
203:
189:1st Durham AVC
169:
166:
136:
133:
132:
126:
120:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
95:
91:
90:
83:
79:
78:
68:
64:
63:
61:United Kingdom
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3776:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3653:Mark Conrad,
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3541:1-84574-088-2
3538:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3526:0-9508205-2-0
3523:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3494:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3425:Brig-Gen Sir
3424:
3421:
3419:
3414:
3413:Basil Collier
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3394:0-85936-271-X
3391:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3364:
3359:
3356:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3277:
3274:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3257:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3198:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3178:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3147:
3144:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3026:
3023:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2933:
2932:regiments.org
2929:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2807:Western Front
2802:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2753:
2747:
2744:
2738:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2720:
2717:
2711:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2687:, pp. 184–92.
2686:
2685:Western Front
2680:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2629:
2628:Western Front
2623:
2620:
2616:
2610:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2561:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2519:, pp. 318–20.
2518:
2517:Western Front
2512:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2482:Western Front
2477:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2456:Western Front
2451:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2399:Western Front
2394:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2346:Western Front
2341:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2304:, pp. 211–13.
2303:
2302:Western Front
2297:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2276:Western Front
2271:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2250:Western Front
2245:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:Western Front
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2054:Western Front
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1855:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1767:
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1761:
1757:
1751:
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1706:
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1613:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:
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1576:
1571:
1565:
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1535:
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1520:
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1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
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1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1272:Middlesbrough
1269:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1180:
1175:
1174:Newhaven Fort
1170:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1113:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1015:6-inch Mk VII
1012:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
999:
990:
988:
985:
983:
977:
975:
969:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
946:
938:
931:
929:
927:
923:
918:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
895:
891:
888:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
840:Commanded by
834:
830:
828:
822:
814:
812:
810:
806:
801:
799:
795:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
767:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
734:
730:
728:
724:
720:
719:Ypres Salient
716:
710:
702:
700:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
642:
640:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
599:
595:
590:
588:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
562:
558:
553:
545:
543:
539:
537:
533:
529:
523:
519:
517:
513:
509:
506:and then the
505:
500:
494:
492:
488:
487:Heugh Battery
484:
480:
479:
473:
472:
466:
465:
459:
455:
447:
442:
435:
433:
430:
425:
421:
420:Western Front
416:
414:
406:
401:
399:
397:
396:4.7-inch guns
393:
389:
381:
378:
375:
372:
371:
370:
367:
365:
361:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
288:
286:
284:
280:
275:
273:
268:
263:
261:
257:
253:
248:
245:
239:
237:
233:
226:
222:
220:
219:South Shields
216:
213:
211:
207:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
187:
186:
185:
183:
182:County Durham
179:
175:
167:
165:
163:
159:
158:Western Front
155:
151:
147:
143:
137:Military unit
131:
127:
121:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
51:
47:
43:
39:
30:
27:
19:
3686:
3654:
3621:
3614:
3613:War Office,
3607:
3606:War Office,
3600:
3599:War Office,
3593:
3592:War Office,
3586:
3585:War Office,
3579:
3578:War Office,
3572:
3571:War Office,
3565:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3532:
3517:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3471:
3467:
3456:
3452:
3445:
3441:
3434:
3430:
3417:
3406:
3401:Amiens: 1918
3400:
3385:
3378:
3358:
3346:. Retrieved
3342:the original
3332:
3321:
3310:
3301:
3296:
3287:
3276:
3267:
3256:
3247:
3236:
3197:
3188:
3177:
3168:
3157:
3146:
3099:
3068:
3025:
2985:
2967:
2944:
2936:the original
2931:
2921:
2912:
2904:
2887:
2882:
2846:
2841:
2832:
2823:
2814:
2806:
2801:
2793:
2788:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2728:
2719:
2714:Lowe, p. 65.
2710:
2701:
2692:
2684:
2679:
2670:
2662:
2657:
2652:, pp. 463–5.
2649:
2644:
2635:
2627:
2622:
2614:
2609:
2600:
2575:Lowe, Ch XI.
2571:
2565:CWGC record.
2560:
2555:Lowe, p. 15.
2551:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2503:
2498:
2489:
2484:, pp. 311–2.
2481:
2476:
2468:
2463:
2458:, pp. 307–9.
2455:
2450:
2442:
2437:
2428:
2420:
2415:
2406:
2401:, pp. 283–4.
2398:
2393:
2385:
2380:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2345:
2340:
2332:
2327:
2318:
2309:
2301:
2296:
2288:
2283:
2275:
2270:
2262:
2257:
2252:, pp. 150–6.
2249:
2244:
2158:
2149:
2138:
2115:
2092:
2084:
2061:
2053:
1990:
1986:
1951:. Retrieved
1947:the original
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1921:the original
1911:
1899:. Retrieved
1895:the original
1885:
1879:7 April 1916
1876:
1857:
1845:. Retrieved
1841:the original
1820:
1792:, pp. 368–9.
1789:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1723:
1705:
1693:. Retrieved
1682:
1675:
1666:
1611:
1606:
1597:
1592:
1583:
1578:
1564:
1543:
1534:
1515:
1471:
1426:
1403:
1386:
1377:
1364:
1353:
1346:
1342:
1308:
1294:
1282:
1276:
1259:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1234:
1222:
1210:
1203:
1184:
1163:
1152:
1140:
1125:
1121:Seaton Carew
1117:
1095:
1092:511 (Durham)
1091:
1081:
1078:World War II
1071:
1068:
1057:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1025:
994:
991:Home defence
986:
981:
978:
974:Polygon Wood
970:
966:
953:
947:
943:
919:
917:4 November.
915:
896:
892:
889:
877:
862:
839:
824:
802:
789:River Sambre
778:
762:
739:
712:
696:
694:
643:
621:
607:
591:
567:
566:
540:
524:
520:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
495:
477:
470:
463:
451:
417:
410:
407:Mobilisation
385:
368:
359:
336:
319:Double Maxim
307:2nd Boer War
292:
282:
276:
264:
249:
240:
229:
188:
178:British Army
171:
162:World War II
141:
139:
26:
3464:Cyril Falls
3444:, Vol III,
2613:MacDonald,
1695:19 February
1285:as part of
1195:Scarborough
1009:4.7-inch QF
715:Second Army
666:II US Corps
654:Fourth Army
598:Armentières
561:FWD Model B
491:6-inch guns
402:World War I
392:6-inch guns
327:World War I
305:during the
299:Ernest Vaux
154:World War I
108:Engagements
94:Garrison/HQ
3723:Categories
3564:, Vol II,
3433:, Vol II,
3371:References
3098:Farndale,
2988:, Annex M.
2984:Farndale,
2970:, Annex B.
2966:Farndale,
2907:: 'Ropner'
2849:, Annex 7.
2845:Farndale,
2805:Farndale,
2683:Farndale,
2626:Farndale,
2515:Farndale,
2480:Farndale,
2454:Farndale,
2397:Farndale,
2344:Farndale,
2300:Farndale,
2274:Farndale,
2248:Farndale,
2087:, Annex M.
2083:Farndale,
2056:, Annex E.
2052:Farndale,
1788:Farndale,
1516:Army Lists
1217:Home Guard
1026:After the
950:First Army
884:huge mines
850:Third Army
723:60-pounder
630:Fifth Army
483:Royal Navy
413:War Office
360:Durham RGA
337:Under the
267:War Office
225:Hartlepool
201:Sunderland
125:commanders
118:Commanders
98:Hartlepool
3470:, Vol I,
3455:, Vol V,
3348:26 August
2630:, p. 161.
2384:Edmonds,
2348:, p. 281.
2331:Edmonds,
1991:Army List
1953:26 August
1927:26 August
1901:26 August
1847:26 August
1681:"Conrad,
1392:Aldershot
1369:Footnotes
1339:Memorials
1301:in 1965.
958:VII Corps
954:see above
903:III Corps
869:Miraumont
688:when the
674:XII Corps
626:XIX Corps
622:see below
580:Singapore
576:Hong Kong
516:Blucher's
311:Maxim gun
272:Southwick
247:brigade.
197:batteries
195:with two
174:Volunteer
3677:Archived
3665:Archived
3477:Gen Sir
3129:212/123.
1713:Archived
1689:Archived
1281:(RE) as
1144:IX Corps
1034:Interwar
805:Sandling
785:IX Corps
774:XI Corps
594:II Corps
572:Plymouth
504:Seydlitz
499:Seydlitz
464:Seydlitz
2905:Burke's
2890:, 1927]
2792:Falls,
2661:Falls,
2648:Miles,
2287:Falls,
1361:Museums
1243:Postwar
1187:Coatham
856:on the
717:in the
686:billets
656:to the
584:Vickers
512:Blucher
478:Blücher
254:of the
123:Notable
49:Country
3628:
3539:
3524:
3392:
2261:Falls,
1237:Redcar
1191:Whitby
768:, the
682:Sambre
646:Allies
612:, the
508:Moltke
471:Moltke
429:cadres
394:, 2 ×
210:Seaham
193:Durham
100:&
67:Branch
58:
41:Active
3462:Capt
1584:Times
1419:Notes
962:Arras
926:Dover
899:Hamel
678:Selle
489:(two
390:(4 ×
3626:ISBN
3537:ISBN
3522:ISBN
3390:ISBN
3350:2014
2886:WO,
2794:1917
2663:1917
2650:1916
2504:1918
2469:1918
2443:1918
2421:1918
2386:1918
2333:1918
2289:1917
2263:1917
1955:2014
1929:2014
1903:2014
1849:2014
1697:2006
1683:1914
1227:and
1094:and
809:Kent
664:and
578:and
476:SMS
469:SMS
467:and
462:SMS
388:Tees
295:Vaux
148:and
140:The
82:Role
1270:at
956:),
852:'s
807:in
628:in
366:).
217:at
208:at
191:at
130:DSO
3725::
3481:,
3466:,
3429:,
3415:,
3220:^
3206:^
3134:^
3119:^
3107:^
3089:^
3077:^
3050:^
3036:^
2993:^
2975:^
2955:^
2930:.
2895:^
2870:^
2854:^
2776:^
2764:^
2580:^
2533:^
2230:^
2194:^
2185:,
2167:^
2124:^
2101:^
2070:^
2039:^
1998:^
1977:,
1963:^
1868:^
1828:^
1813:^
1797:^
1777:^
1759:^
1687:.
1646:^
1620:^
1552:^
1522:^
1480:^
1453:^
1435:^
1274:.
1161:.
1138:.
1098:.
1055:.
446:VD
329:.
274:.
3632:.
3543:.
3528:.
3396:.
3352:.
3102:.
1957:.
1931:.
1905:.
1851:.
1823:.
1699:.
1685:"
1572:.
1411:.
1398:.
1176:.
1114:.
20:)
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