517:. The regiment's ranking officer, Major Duffy, was seriously wounded but refused to give up command until the battle was over. The 69th was the only regiment not to withdraw from defending the stone wall in front of the Copse of Trees during the charge. They were heavily engaged in hand to hand combat; while having been flanked on their right and left flanks as a result of the withdrawal of the two companies from the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, on their right, and the 59th New York Infantry, on their left. Following the repulse of Pickett, there were numerous Confederate Battle Flags left lying on the field directly to the front of the 69th. The 69th was so devastated by casualties and busy tending to its own wounded while also sending Confederate prisoners to the rear that it failed to secure any. Instead members of regiments who came to assist the 69th with the repulse, during a later point of the assault, went to the 69th's front and claimed the flags as prizes. The 69th finished the campaign under the command of Captain William Davis of Co K.
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611:, the 69th Pennsylvania's battle flag was "a beautiful specimen of art" that did "credit to the taste of donors." One side "represented the coat of arms of ancient Ireland"; the other featured the coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Initially presented to the regiment while it was stationed at Berryville, Virginia in early 1862, which was replaced with a new green flag in March 1864 when members of the regiment re-enlisted with the 69th Pennsylvania for additional tours of duty.
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40:
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sentence directed the Owen be "dismissed from the service of the United States." The court martial hearing, which had been convened on
October 7, 1862 was held at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. The charges against Owen and subsequent ruling of dismissal were outlined as follows in General Orders No. 168, issued from the Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac on October 24:
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Speciification. 'In this—that Col. J. T. Owen, 69th
Pennsylvania volunteers, was much under the influence of liquor on or about the afternoon or evening of the 4th of October 1862, at or near Harper's Ferry, Virginia, and very abusive of his Lieutenant Colonel O'Kane, cursing and calling him names.'
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carried the front-page news that court martial proceedings overseen by
Brigadier General W. S. Hancock had found the 69th Pennsylvania's commanding officer, Colonel Owen, "guilty of charge of 'conduct prejudicial to good order and military discipline, and unbecoming an officer and a gentleman.'" The
1101:"General Orders No. 11: War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, January 5, 1864," "General Orders No. 21: War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, January 14, 1864," and "General Orders No. 52: War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, February 11, 1864" in
603:
The 69th
Pennsylvania Volunteers' first battle flag, the First State Color, was manufactured by Horstmann Brothers and Company, and was presented to the regiment sometime after November 1861. It was carried into battle until December 1863, when it was retired and replaced by the Second State Color,
427:
Specification. 'In this—Col. J. T. Owen, 69th
Pennsylvania volunteers, at or near Bolivar Heights, Virginia, on or about the 4th of October, 1862, left his regiment, which had been detailed for the picket guard, so that the regiment proceeded to its post and performed its tour of duty without him.'
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All the members of the court present at the finding and sentence recommend a remission of the sentence, 'in consideration of the previous good character of Col. Owen, and his distinguished services to the present war.' This recommendation is supported by testimony of the highest character, adduced
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Charge 3d. 'In this—that Col. J. T. Owen, 69th
Pennsylvania volunteers, did call his Lieutenant Colonel, Dennis O'Kane, a 'son of a bitch,' in the presence of his daughter, Miss O'Kane; that he made improper and offensive requests of the young lady and her father; for example, insisting that the
638:
Of the original one thousand men mustered into service at the formation of the regiment, only fifty-six "returned whole at the end," according to regimental historian Donald
Ernsberger. Following their deaths, many of the veterans of the 69th Pennsylvania were buried in unmarked graves in West
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charge of the war.” On June 30, the 69th
Pennsylvania found itself in the heat of battle when Confederate troops attacked the rear of the combined Union forces "on the heights east of the White Oak Swamp." Sustaining only minor casualties, the regiment ultimately helped to drive off the enemy.
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of
Philadelphia, although the court found Owen guilty and sentenced him to dismissal, court members then also recommended that Owen's sentencing be remitted and that he be returned to duty. Major General George B. McClellan agreed with both the court's verdict and sentencing, as well as its
642:
According to historians at the U.S. National Park
Service, the regiment sustained a total of 288 casualties during its tenure of service. Twelve officers and 166 enlisted men were mortally wounded or killed in action. Three officers and 107 enlisted men died from disease.
332:. While stationed here, the regiment was assigned to assist with the construction of Fort Ethan Allen and in the building of roads to improve Union Army access to the series of forts that had been erected to protect the Capitol building and the city of Washington.
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Reply of the Philadelphia Brigade Association to the foolish and absurd narrative of Lieutenant Frank A. Haskell: which appears to be endorsed by the Military Order of the Loyal Legion Commandry of Massachusetts and the Wisconsin History Commission
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companies of the 2nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Militia, which had been composed of members of the Emmett Guards, Hibernian Greens, Irish Volunteers, Jackson Guards, Meagher Guards, Patterson Light Guards, Shields Guards, and the United Guards."
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The general commanding trusts that the deep humiliation which the events themselves and the publicity of these proceedings must cause the accused will prevent the leniency here extended from producing any injurious influence in the service.
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Many of the 69th Pennsylvania's members had served in the 24th Pennsylvania, a three-month volunteer regiment. After departing for Washington, D.C., on September 17, the members of the regiment were ordered to the vicinity of the
651:
Post-war, veterans of the 69th Pennsylvania established the Survivors' Association of the Sixty-Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment. Officers of the organization were elected annually, and participated in organizing annual reunions.
274:. According to the Pennsylvania Capitol Preservation Committee, "The 69th regiment was the only regiment to maintain its position throughout the repulse of Pickett's Charge, though every field officer was shot down."
312:. Dennis O'Kane was second in command of the regiment. A native of Derry, Ireland who was operating a saloon in Philadelphia at the start of the American Civil War, he had a reputation as a stern disciplinarian.
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After the war's end, the regiment participated in the Union's Grand Review of the Armies in Washington, D.C., in May 1865. The regiment was then officially mustered out at Ball’s Cross-Roads, near
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uniform. This uniform consisted of a dark blue Zouave jacket with green trimming, green cuffs, and sixteen brass buttons down the front on both sides of the jacket, a sky blue Zouave vest,
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on July 3. Its casualties over the last two days of the battle were enormous, losing 143 men out of 268, including Colonel Dennis O'Kane, Lieutenant Colonel Martin Tschudy, two
404:, where it lost eighty-eight in killed, wounded or missing in action. Following the battle, O'Kane was recommissioned as a colonel and awarded command of the 69th Pennsylvania.
277:
This regiment was nicknamed "Paddy Owen's Regulars" in recognition of the regiment's first commanding officer and of the regiment's large contingent of men of Irish heritage.
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The Great Rebellion: Reprinted from The Inquirer of Thirty One Years Ago: Very Latest News: The Recent Flag of Truce: Army of the Potomac—Our Wounded Brought In
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upon the trial, showing that the accused has been a zealous and obedient officer, and has displayed great gallantry and good conduct on the field of battle.
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In January and February 1864, multiple members of the 69th Pennsylvania were transferred to the Invalid Corps by orders of the Adjutant General's Office.
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of Pennsylvania opposed the idea, which led to the proposal being dropped. The 68th had their regimental designation changed to the 69th in honor of the
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The 69th Pennsylvania monument at Gettysburg looking west. Pickett's Charge started at the trees in the distance and advanced directly toward the camera.
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752:, in "Pennsylvania Civil War Battle Flags." Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Capitol Preservation Committee, retrieved online December 20, 2022.
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After this battle, its name was changed to the 68th Penna. for a short time and then the 69th. They made an attempt with the 69th New York to form an
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during reconnoissance activities at Lewinsville, which resulted in one member of the 69th being wounded during a brief fight with Confederate troops.
626:. This was one of the few Zouave uniforms that did not use red as the jacket trimming. However, the Zouave uniforms were mostly destroyed during the
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Additional Casualties: List of Wounded Pennsylvania and New Jersey Soldiers, in the First Division, Sixth Corps, in the Engagement of April 2, 1865
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985:"General Orders No. 168, Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac, Camp Near Knoxville, MD October 24h, 1862," in "Capt. Brockway's Speech,"
720:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers: from its formation until final muster out of the United States service
1318:," in "Battle Units," in "Soldiers and Sailors Database." Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Park Service, retrieved online November 27, 2022.
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577:, the Philadelphia Brigade was broken up, with the 72nd Pennsylvania mustered out of service and the 106th reduced to a single battalion.
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which was manufactured by Evans and Hassall. That second battle flag remained in use until the regiment was mustered out on July 1, 1865.
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The 69th Pennsylvania Irish Volunteers, schools, and other living history groups portray the regiment at various reenactments each year.
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708:," in "California and the Civil War." Sacramento, California: California State Military Museums, retrieved online November 26, 2022.
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452:"The finding and sentence of the court are fully supported by the testimony, and are approved by the major general commanding....
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Ordered to Conrad's Ferry on October 20, members of the 69th then engaged in their first major combat experience during the
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Owen was found guilty of the first and second charges and their specifications, but not guilty of the third. According to
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Hal Jespersen's map showing the 69th Pennsylvania's position during Pickett's Charge, Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863
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1215:"First and Second State Colors, in "Pennsylvania Civil War Battle Flags," Pennsylvania Capitol Preservation Committee.
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Pennsylvania at Gettysburg: Ceremonies at the Dedication of the Monuments Erected by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
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General Joshua T. Owen, U.S. Army, former commanding officer of the 69th Pennsylvania Infantry, shown circa 1863
955:," in "From Gen. M'Clellan's Army: Movements of Our Forces: Position of the Rebels." Harrisburg, Pennsylvania:
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young lady should sleep in his tent. All this at or near Harper's Ferry, Virginia, on or about the 4th....'"
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General Orders No. 168, Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac, Camp Near Knoxville, MD October 24h, 1862
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Colonel Joshua T. Owen, 69th Pennsylvania Volunteers, is released from arrest, and will return to duty."
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New York Sons of Erin: Nativism, Identity, and the Importance of Irish Ethnicity in the Civil War Era
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Field and staff officers, 69th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, June 1865
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Companies I and K, designated as the regiment's skirmisher companies, wore a very Americanized
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No comment of the general commanding can add any force to the above recital of the facts.
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1189:," in "The Surrender of Lee's Army to Lieut. General Grant." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
834:, p. 134. Lanham, Toronto, and Plymouth, United Kingdom: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2010.
778:"69th Regiment of Infantry, Pennsylvania Volunteers," California State Military Museums.
328:, where they made camp on the south side of the Potomac River, and were assigned to the
793:," Vol. 5, Part 2, p. 1373. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: B. Singerly, State Printer, 1871.
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On September 24, the regiment served as part of the Union force commanded by General
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1045:." Washington, D.C.: American Battlefield Trust, retrieved online November 26, 2022.
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1107:, 1864. Washington, D.C.: United States Army and Government Printing Office, 1865.
1397:
The Face of Battle': City middle-schoolers reenact Pickett's charge for broadcast
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It was also here, in October 1861, that the unit was first designated as the 2nd
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1464:(reenactment group). Southern California: Retrieved online November 26, 2022.
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In addition, the 69th carried a green "Irish" flag into battle. According to
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69th Regiment of Infantry, Pennsylvania Volunteers (2nd California Regiment)
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407:
1059:, Vol. I, p. 143. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: W.S. Ray, State Printer, 1914.
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Philadelphia because their families were too poor to afford headstones.
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Charge 2d. 'Conduct prejudicial to good order and military discipline.'
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1470:(reenactment group). Pennsylvania: Retrieved online November 26, 2022.
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1273:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
1161:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
1131:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
884:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
871:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
858:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
845:
A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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Mr. Lincoln's Forts: A Guide to the Civil War Defenses of Washington
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A brief history of the 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers
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First and Second State Colors, 69th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry
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for this act, becoming the only soldier of the 69th so decorated.
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588:, during which time it sustained multiple additional casualties.
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In December 1862, the regiment sustained heavy casualties in the
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American Civil War-era view of the Chain Bridge and Potomac River
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The regiment was mustered into service on August 19, 1861, with
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Survivors' Association of the Sixty-Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment
723:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: D.J. Gallagher & Co., 1889.
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The California Brigade In West Philadelphia Born and Raised
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Kennedy, "Phila. Irishmen turned back Pickett's charge,"
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Kennedy, "Phila. Irishmen turned back Pickett's charge,"
802:
Kennedy, "Phila. Irishmen turned back Pickett's charge,"
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Units and formations of the Union Army from Pennsylvania
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Irish Pride: Heckscherville ready to host ethnic weekend
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Kennedy, "Phila. Irishmen turned back Pickett's charge,
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The Gallant 69th PA Volunteers at Gettysburg and Beyond
828:
Cooling, Benjamin Franklin III and Walter H. Owen II.
972:," in "Capt. Brockway's Speech." Erie, Pennsylvania:
424:"Charge 1st. 'Violation of the 50th article of war.'
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1865
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1363:Reunion of the Philadelphia and Pickett's Brigades
1352:, October 15, 1893, p. 14 (subscription required).
1504:Military units and formations established in 1861
1232:, August 28, 1896, p. 10 (subscription required).
740:, March 16, 2003, p. L06 (subscription required).
1437:, April 10, 2003, p. 32 (subscription required).
1369:, August 7, 1898, p. 14 (subscription required).
769:, March 15, 1896, p. 28 (subscription required).
388:, during which it was complimented by Maj. Gen.
1420:, April 11, 2001, p. 1 (subscription required).
1403:, April 11, 2001, p. 1 (subscription required).
1386:, July 24, 2003, p. 19 (subscription required).
1335:, June 22, 1896, p. 9 (subscription required).
1292:, June 23, 1893, p. 5 (subscription required).
1249:, March 3, 1862, p. 8 (subscription required).
1150:, June 12, 1895, p. 7 (subscription required).
1076:, June 27, 1999, p. 2 (subscription required).
929:," pp. 64-65. Morgantown, West Virginia, 2020.
903:, July 10, 1862, p. 1 (subscription required).
1474:Unit history at Pennsylvania in the Civil War
1462:69th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment
8:
734:Phila. Irishmen turned back Pickett's charge
580:The 69th participated in the pursuit of the
1329:Sixty-ninth Regiment Survivors' Association
717:McDermott, Anthony W. and John E. Reilly.
1499:Irish regiments of the United States Army
1104:General Orders of the U.S. War Department
1000:A Court Martial of a Pennsylvania Colonel
790:History of Pennsylvania Volunteers 1861-5
290:The 69th Pennsylvania was recruited from
697:
497:The unit played a critical role at the
462:The sentence of the court is remitted.
117:The Rock of Erin (Earned at Gettysburg
1431:Civil War music concert set for Friday
1070:Lore is lost, but a medal will be nice
477:, but then missed any major action at
131:United States National and Irish Green
29:
27:Union Army volunteer infantry regiment
953:Gen. M'Clellan on Delinquent Officers
573:was merged into the 69th. During the
448:remittance of that sentence, noting:
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1316:69th Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry
686:List of Pennsylvania Civil War Units
266:played a key role defending against
634:Casualty rates and burial locations
622:sky-blue trousers, and a dark blue
33:69th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
545:Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
415:On November 4, 1862, Harrisburg's
25:
481:, seeing only minor skirmishing.
400:Its next major action was at the
392:for making “the first successful
119:Baker Zouaves (Companies I and K)
1346:News of Interest to the Veterans
1243:The Flag to Col. Owen's Regiment
670:
501:, helping repel both Brig. Gen.
38:
1454:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1365:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1348:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1331:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1288:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1245:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1228:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1146:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1072:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
1002:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
959:, November 4, 1862, front page.
899:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
897:The Sixty-Ninth Penna, Regiment
765:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
763:The Famous Philadelphia Brigade
736:." Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
543:, again losing heavily. At the
976:, August 16, 1866, front page.
53:August 19, 1861 - July 1, 1865
1:
1382:." Pottsville, Pennsylvania:
1193:, April 15, 1865, front page.
1468:The 69th PA Irish Volunteers
1344:"Notes of Post Rooms," in "
558:. He was later awarded the
339:and became part of Colonel
91:Volunteer Infantry Regiment
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1433:." Hanover, Pennsylvania:
239:(originally raised as the
237:69th Pennsylvania Infantry
164:Battle of Chancellorsville
18:69th Pennsylvania Infantry
1350:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1333:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1303:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1290:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1247:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1230:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1226:An Incident at Gettysburg
1148:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1074:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1030:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1006:, November 4, 1862, p. 2.
940:The Philadelphia Inquirer
901:The Philadelphia Inquirer
804:The Philadelphia Inquirer
767:The Philadelphia Inquirer
738:The Philadelphia Inquirer
678:American Civil War portal
609:The Philadelphia Inquirer
599:Battle flags and uniforms
582:Army of Northern Virginia
148:Second Battle of Bull Run
37:
551:of Company D captured a
505:’s charge on July 2 and
475:Battle of Fredericksburg
172:Battle of the Wilderness
160:Battle of Fredericksburg
1416:." York, Pennsylvania:
1399:." York, Pennsylvania:
630:and were not replaced.
384:The 69th served in the
1367:The Philadelphia Times
1271:McDermott and Reilly,
1258:McDermott and Reilly,
1202:McDermott and Reilly,
1172:McDermott and Reilly,
1159:McDermott and Reilly,
1129:McDermott and Reilly,
1116:McDermott and Reilly,
1015:McDermott and Reilly,
957:Pennsylvania Telegraph
912:McDermott and Reilly,
882:McDermott and Reilly,
869:McDermott and Reilly,
856:McDermott and Reilly,
843:McDermott and Reilly,
815:McDermott and Reilly,
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417:Pennsylvania Telegraph
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374:69th New York Infantry
359:Battle of Ball's Bluff
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176:Battle of Spotsylvania
140:Battle of Ball's Bluff
1414:Students film history
1384:Republican and Herald
567:Battle of Cold Harbor
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262:, this all-volunteer
180:Battle of Cold Harbor
121:Paddy Owen's Regulars
1494:Philadelphia Brigade
1286:In Front of Richmond
1262:, pp. n16, n24, n36.
1068:Naedele, Walter F. "
925:Smithmyer, Abbi E. "
732:Kennedy, Joseph S. "
499:Battle of Gettysburg
352:William Farrar Smith
272:Battle of Gettysburg
260:Philadelphia Brigade
168:Battle of Gettysburg
123:The Irish Volunteers
1412:Ledington, Shawn. "
1041:Landsman, Daniel. "
595:, on July 1, 1865.
586:Appomattox Campaign
575:Siege of Petersburg
536:The 69th fought in
370:Andrew Gregg Curtin
330:Army of the Potomac
188:Appomattox Campaign
184:Siege of Petersburg
152:Battle of Chantilly
108:Army of the Potomac
989:, August 16, 1866.
628:Peninsula Campaign
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402:Battle of Antietam
386:Peninsula Campaign
345:California Brigade
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258:Part of the famed
253:American Civil War
156:Battle of Antietam
144:Peninsula Campaign
1456:The Irish Edition
1450:Bryan, Kerry L. "
1418:York Daily Record
1401:The York Dispatch
987:The Erie Observer
974:The Erie Observer
787:Bates, Samuel P.
571:71st Pennsylvania
541:Overland Campaign
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479:Chancellorsville
268:Pickett's Charge
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102:, 2nd Division,
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341:Edwin Baker
270:during the
251:during the
136:Engagements
114:Nickname(s)
100:2nd Brigade
1483:Categories
873:, pp. 8-9.
847:, pp. 7-8.
819:, pp. 5-7.
692:References
656:Reenactors
565:After the
515:lieutenant
337:California
249:Union army
217:commanders
194:Commanders
82:Union Army
68:Allegiance
1275:, p. n48.
1191:The Press
1004:The Press
521:1864–1865
445:The Press
243:) was an
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1120:, p. 40.
664:See also
620:chasseur
513:, and a
511:captains
264:regiment
245:infantry
104:II Corps
860:, p. 7.
538:Grant’s
394:bayonet
310:colonel
298:militia
281:History
215:Notable
58:Country
1087:(1910)
616:Zouave
569:, the
128:Colors
78:Branch
50:Active
295:Irish
72:Union
624:kepi
485:1863
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286:1861
235:The
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