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226:. Erected in 1984, the monument is 105 feet (32 m) high. The mass burial place of the victims of the massacres carried out in the fort is a grass field, marked by a simple yet frankly worded memorial written in several languages. It reads, "This is the place where Nazis and their assistants killed about 45,000 Jews from Lithuania and other European countries."
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of
Baranovitch. In addition, Jews from as far as France, Austria and Germany were brought to Kaunas during the Nazi occupation, and executed in the Ninth Fort. In 1943, the Germans operated special Jewish squads to dig mass graves and burn the remaining corpses. One squad of 64 people managed to
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In 1958, a museum was established in the Ninth Fort. In 1959, an exhibition was prepared in four cells, telling of the Nazi war crimes carried out in
Lithuania. In 1960, the discovery, cataloging, and forensic investigation of local mass murder sites began.
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At the end of the 19th century the city of Kaunas was fortified and by 1890 was encircled by eight forts and nine gun batteries. Construction of the Ninth Fort (its numerical designation having become its name) began in 1902 and was completed on the eve of
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The Ninth Fort museum contains collections of historical artifacts related both to Soviet atrocities and the Nazi genocide, as well as materials related to the earlier history of Kaunas and Ninth Fort. Most exhibits are labelled in
English.
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escape the fortress on the eve of 1944. That year, as the
Soviets moved in, the Germans liquidated the ghetto and what had by then come to be known as the "Fort of Death". The prisoners were dispersed to other camps. After
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Catalog of Medals and Pins
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at the Ninth Fort in Kaunas, Lithuania, was designed by sculptor
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and 45,000 to 50,000 Jews, most from Kaunas and largely the
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Through this door, 62 prisoners escaped on 25 December 1943.
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During Nazi occupation, the Ninth Fort was a place of
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Historic fort in Šilainiai elderate, Kaunas, Lithuania
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437:Kaunas Ninth Fort Unearthing Project Web Page
152:in 1940–1941, the Ninth Fort was used by the
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337:"Ninth Fort Museum - Sightseeing - Kaunas"
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1001:Occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany
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841:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police battalions
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182:Notable among the victims was Rabbi
108:Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941
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877:Fareinigte Partizaner Organizacje
1006:History of the Jews in Lithuania
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218:The memorial to the victims of
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34:Aerial view of the Ninth Fort
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175:in what became known as the
1104:Prison museums in Lithuania
525:Related articles by country
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846:Lithuanian Security Police
504:The Holocaust in Lithuania
431:Kaunas Ninth Fort Web Page
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1016:Songs of the Vilna Ghetto
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943:HKP 562 forced labor camp
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249:"Kaunas' 9th Fort Museum"
953:Kauen concentration camp
948:Kailis forced labor camp
917:Ninth Fort November 1941
315:"IX Fortas (Ninth Fort)"
173:Lithuanian collaborators
70:in the northern part of
50:Monument for the victims
42:Reconstructed Ninth Fort
655:Franz Walter Stahlecker
426:Kaunas' 9th fort Museum
366:Kauno IX Forto Muziejus
1084:Kaunas in World War II
912:Kaunas 29 October 1941
439:by Burkhard von Harder
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82:. It is a part of the
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1045:54.94472°N 23.87056°E
464:at the Ninth Fort by
421:at Wikimedia Commons
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1114:World War II museums
779:Bronislovas Paukštys
698:Shmerke Kaczerginski
615:Aleksandras Lileikis
362:"History:The Museum"
160:forced labor camps.
1089:Landmarks in Kaunas
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851:Rollkommando Hamann
650:Rudolf Joachim Seck
293:"KAUNAS, LITHUANIA"
273:. way2lithuania.com
214:Ninth Fort memorial
1079:Geography of Gulag
1050:54.94472; 23.87056
968:Marcinkonys Ghetto
774:Petronėlė Lastienė
738:Yitzhak Wittenberg
733:Elchonon Wasserman
645:Adrian von Renteln
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317:. lonelyplanet.com
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902:Jäger Report
829:Perpetrators
799:Anton Schmid
764:Kazys Binkis
693:Jay M. Ipson
678:Chaim Yellin
660:Martin Weiss
640:Helmut Rauca
605:Bruno Kittel
515:Main article
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394:. Retrieved
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189:World War II
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169:Kovno Ghetto
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116:Prison cell.
94:. After the
92:labour camps
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1048: /
794:Ona Šimaitė
784:Karl Plagge
718:Abba Kovner
669:Victims and
635:Mike Pasker
625:Franz Murer
321:11 November
299:11 November
277:11 November
255:11 November
165:mass murder
148:During the
139:World War I
1063:Categories
1036:23°52′14″E
1033:54°56′41″N
973:Ninth Fort
870:Resistance
671:resistance
600:Karl Jäger
462:Mass grave
396:2014-10-12
371:2019-02-15
347:2014-10-12
230:References
106:See also:
68:stronghold
60:Lithuanian
56:Ninth Fort
80:Lithuania
757:Rescuers
555:Slovakia
208:Memorial
18:9th Fort
560:Ukraine
535:Estonia
530:Belarus
419:IX Fort
102:History
66:) is a
936:Places
922:Ponary
895:Events
822:Groups
569:People
550:Russia
545:Poland
540:Latvia
220:Nazism
199:Museum
76:Kaunas
158:Gulag
323:2012
301:2012
279:2012
257:2012
154:NKVD
54:The
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
