Aromanians - Knowledge (XXG)

3642: 4319: 1455:(Greeks, Illyrians, Thracians or Dacians), due to the historical Roman military presence in the territory inhabited by the community. Many Romanian scholars maintain that the Aromanians were part of a Daco-Romanian migration from the north of the Danube between the 6th and 10th centuries, supporting the theory that the 'Great Romanian' population descend from the ancient Dacians and Romans. Greek scholars view the Aromanians as descendants of Roman legionaries that married Greek women. There is no evidence for either theory, and Winnifrith deems them improbable. The little evidence that exists points that the Vlach (Aromanian) homeland was within the Latin sphere of influence in the Northern Balkans, north of the 2533: 2192: 1422: 2594: 4350: 3632: 3083: 2181: 3652: 2658: 2974:

there were about 200,000 individuals who were of Aromanian descent in Albania, regardless of proficiency in Aromanian, or spoke Aromanian without necessarily considering themselves to have a separate identity. According to Frank Kressing and Karl Kaser in 2002, there were between 30,000 and 50,000 Aromanians in Albania. Tanner (2004) pointed out Albania as the only country where Aromanians make a relatively significant percentage of population, around 2%.

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over the Balkans, while Aromanians identifying as Romanians are still to be found in areas where Romanian schools were active. There are also many Aromanians who identify themselves as solely Aromanian (even, as in the case of the "Cincars", when they no longer speak the language). Such groups are to be found in southwestern Albania, the eastern parts of North Macedonia, the Aromanians who immigrated to Romania in 1940, and in Greece in the

150: 1406: 4335: 3097: 6901: 2921:. They complained "against the direct or indirect characterisation of the Vlach-speaking Greeks as an ethnic, linguistic or other minority, stating that the Vlach-speaking Greeks never requested to be recognised by the Greek state as a minority, stressing that historically and culturally they were and still are an integral part of Hellenism, they would be bilingual and Aromanian would be secondary". 200: 4366: 175: 125: 3571: 2496: 6847: 225: 99: 3674: 60: 320: 2031:. On the 16 Y-STR markers from the five Aromanian populations, Jim Cullen's predictor speculates that over half of the mean frequency of 22% R1b of the Aromanian populations is more likely to belong to the L11 branch. L11 subclades form the majority of Haplogroup R1b in Italy and western Europe, while the eastern subclades of R1b are prevailing in populations of the eastern Balkans. 1477: 1372: 6803: 1459:, which roughly demarcated the areas of influence of Latin and Greek. With the Slavic breakthrough of the Danube frontier in the 7th century, Latin-speakers were pushed further southwards. Based on linguistic considerations, Olga Tomic concludes that Aromanians moved from Thrace to their present locations after the Slavic invasion of Thrace, though before the 1220: 2708:. Greek Aromanians have long been associated with the Greek national state, actively participated in the Greek Struggle for Independence, and have obtained very important positions in government, although there was an attempt to create an autonomous Aromanian canton under the protection of Italy at the end of World War I, called 3663: 5469: 2882:

offers beginner and advanced courses in "Koutsovlach", and cultural festivals with over 40,000 participants—the largest Aromanian cultural gatherings in the world—regularly take place in Metsovo. Nevertheless, there are no exclusively Aromanian newspapers, and the Aromanian language is almost totally

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become more frequent, although it proves problematic to distinguish sorts of Vlachs as it was used for various subjects, such as the empire of the Asen dynasty, Thessaly, and Romania across the Danube. It has been assumed that Vlachs are descendants of Roman soldiers or Latinized original populations

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Winnifrith increased these figures after repeated travels through Southern Albania. In his most recent estimate of 200,000 he includes all those who think of themselves as Vlachs / Aromanians in terms of descent with or without knowledge of the language as well as those who speak the language but do

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in the Romanian media points out, the kindergarten, primary and secondary schools in the Albanian town of Divjakë where the local Albanian Aromanians pupils are taught classes both in Aromanian and Romanian were granted substantial help directly from the Romanian government. One of the only churches

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stated that "the results of the census should be viewed with the utmost caution and calls on the authorities not to rely exclusively on the data on nationality collected during the census in determining its policy on the protection of national minorities.". According to Tom Winnifrith in 1995, that

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In modern times, Aromanians generally have adopted the dominant national culture, often with a dual identity as both Aromanian and Greek/Albanian/Bulgarian/Macedonian/Serbian/etc. Aromanians are also found outside the borders of Greece. There are many Aromanians in southern Albania and in towns all

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The Roman Empire gradually expanded in what is now called the Balkan Peninsula from 146 BC, with the first colonies around Preveza in the Epirus region of Greece, to about 550 AD. Vlachs are sometimes assumed to be the Romanized descendants of autochthonous ethnic groups, the Illyrians, Thracians,

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of 1923 estimated their number between 150,000 and 200,000, but the last two censuses to differentiate between Christian minority groups, in 1940 and 1951, showed 26,750 and 22,736 Vlachs respectively. Estimates on the number of Aromanians in Greece range between 40,000 and 300,000. Kahl estimates

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The establishment of a distinct Aromanian national consciousness, however, was hampered by the tendency of the Aromanian upper classes to be absorbed in the dominant surrounding ethnicities, and espouse their respective national causes as their own. So much did they become identified with the host

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The term 'Balkan Romance' is used to designate a group of languages including Romanian, Aromanian, Istro-Romanian and Megleno-Romanian. Even though the exact historical links between these languages are still unclear (...), it is commonly accepted that they have a common ancestor and hence form a

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According to official government figures (census 2002), there are 9,695 Aromanians or Vlachs, as they are officially called in North Macedonia. According to the census of 1953 there were 8,669 Vlachs, 6,392 in 1981 and 8,467 in 1994. Aromanians are recognized as an ethnic minority, and are hence

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spoken in the Balkans during the Roman period. It is hard to establish the history of the Vlachs in the Balkans, with a gap between the barbarian invasions and the first mentions of the Vlachs in the 11th and 12th centuries. Byzantine chronicles are unhelpful, and only in the 13th, 14th and 15th

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Recently, there has been a growing movement in Romania, both by Aromanians and by Romanian lawmakers, to recognize the Aromanians either as a separate cultural group or as a separate ethnic group, and extend to them the rights of other minorities in Romania, such as mother-tongue education and

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There are Aromanian classes provided in primary schools and the state funds some Aromanian published works (magazines and books) as well as works that cover Aromanian culture, language and history. The latter is mostly done by the first Aromanian Scientific Society, "Constantin Belemace" in

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in Greece, has repeatedly rejected the classification of Aromanian as a minority language or the Vlachs as a distinct ethnic group separate from the Greeks, considering the Aromanians as an "integral part of Hellenism". The Aromanian (Vlach) Cultural Society, which is associated with

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The exact presence of the Aromanian community in Albania is unknown. They are mostly concentrated in parts of southern and western Albania. 8,266 people declared themselves to be Aromanians in the 2011 census. On the quality of the specific data the Advisory Committee on the

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Bosch, E.; Calafell, F.; González-Neira, A.; Flaiz, C; Mateu, E; Scheil, HG; Huckenbeck, W; Efremovska, L; et al. (2006). "Paternal and maternal lineages in the Balkans show a homogeneous landscape over linguistic barriers, except for the isolated Aromuns".

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Kocój E., The Story of an Invisible City. The Cultural Heritage of Moscopole in Albania. Urban Regeneration, Cultural Memory and Space Management Intangible heritage of the city. Musealisation, preservation, education, ed. By M. Kwiecińska, Kraków 2016, s.

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on 22 May 1905, with corresponding freedoms of worship and education in their own language. Nevertheless, due to the advanced assimilation of the Aromanians, this came too late to lead to the creation of a distinct Aromanian national identity; indeed, as

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In Aromanian rural areas, clothes differed from the dress of the city dwellers. The shape and the colour of a garment, the volume of the headgear, the shape of a jewel could indicate cultural affiliation and also could show the village people came from.

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There are currently between 50,000 and 100,000 Aromanians in Romania, most of which are concentrated in Dobruja. According to some Aromanian cultural organizations in Romania, there are some 100,000 Aromanians in Romania, and they are often called

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faith due to economic and religious motifs. There are many artifacts of Aromanians in Bosnia and Herzegovina, mainly in their necropolises. These necropolises cover all Bosnia and consist of funerary monuments, generally without crosses.

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absent from television. Indeed, although as of 2002 there were over 200 Vlach cultural associations in Greece, many did not even feature the term "Vlach" in their titles, and only a few are active in preserving the Aromanian language.

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Kocój E., Heritage without Heirs? Tangible and religious cultural heritage of the Vlachs minority in Europe in the context of interdisciplinary research project (contribution to the subject), Balcanica Posnaniensia", Poznań 2015, s.

2322:. Although vehemently opposed by the Greek church, the Romanians established an extensive state-sponsored cultural and educative network in the southern Balkans: the first Romanian school was established in 1864 by the Aromanian 3179:

Many forms of Aromanian-language media have been established since the 1990s. North Macedonia's Government provides financial assistance to Aromanian-language newspapers and radio stations. Aromanian-language newspapers such as

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In medieval times, the Aromanians populated Herzegovina, a region today in Bosnia and Herzegovina close to modern Serbia, and elevated famous necropolises with petroglyphs (Radimlja, Blidinje, etc.). The Aromanians, known as

4738: 6284:Многи Грко-Цинцари су дошли у Србију са Гушанцем као крхалије, па су касније пришли устаницима. У ову групу спадају Конда и Папазоглија. У Гушанчевој војсци Конда је био буљубаша, све до 1806. године, када су устаници ... 3320:

gave the Aromanians land and privileges to settle in this region, which resulted in a significant migration of Aromanians into Romania. Today, 25% of the population of the region are descendants of Aromanian immigrants.

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or a combination of these, but it was shown that they are genetically indistinguishable from the other Balkan populations. Linguistic and cultural differences between Balkan groups were deemed too weak to prevent

3224:), which has organized symposiums on Aromanian history and has published papers from them. According to the last census, there were 9,596 Aromanians (0.48% of the total population). There are concentrations in 2363:, leading to the rupture of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1906. During the Macedonian Struggle, most Aromanians participated on the "patriarchist" (pro-Greek) side, but some sided with the " 3641: 3127:

There are Aromanian cultural societies and associations such as the Union for Aromanian Culture from North Macedonia, The Aromanian League of North Macedonia, The International League of Aromanians and

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Mužić, Ivan (2009). "Vlasi i starobalkanska pretkršćanska simbolika jelena na stećcima". Starohrvatska prosvjeta (in Croatian). Split: Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments. III (36): 315–349.

3305:, many Aromanians fled their native homelands in the Balkans to settle the Romanian principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, which had a similar language and a certain degree of autonomy from the 4937:

Aromanian shares many common features with Bulgarian, Greek, and Albanian, but the lexical composition, though rich in Greek, Slavic, and Turkish borrowings, remains basically of the Romance type.

2978: 720:, and can currently be found in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgaria, south-western and eastern North Macedonia, northern and central Greece, southern Serbia and south-eastern 2255:

By the early 19th century, however, the distinct Latin-derived nature of the Aromanian language began to be studied in a series of grammars and language booklets. In 1815, the Aromanians of

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The term "Vlachs" is used in Greece and in other countries to refer to the Aromanians, with this term having been more widespread in the past to refer to all Romance-speaking peoples of the

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Generally, the use of the minority languages has been discouraged in Greece, although recently there have been efforts to preserve the endangered languages (including Aromanian) of Greece.

7266: 5609: 3446:). They were influential in the forming of Serbian statehood, having contributed with rebel fighters, merchants and intellectuals. Many Greek Aromanians (Грко Цинцари) came to Serbia with 2925: 2027:

is the most common haplogroup among two or three of the five tested Aromanian populations, which is not shown as a leading mark of the Y-DNA locus in other regions or ethnic groups on the

2448:. In Romania, every 10 May, the Balkan Romanianness Day is celebrated instead for the same event. This observance is meant for the Aromanians but also for the Megleno-Romanians and the 2142:

and more recently was supported by the archeological and anthropological researches of skeleton remains from the graves under stećci. The theory is much older and was first proposed by

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The following is a list of notable people of full or partial Aromanian descent. Note that these claims are in many cases disputed or shared with ancestry from other ethnicties.

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is a regular epenthetic vowel, occurring when certain consonant clusters are formed, and it is not, as folk etymology sometimes has it, related to the negative or privative

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is the oldest and most well-known association of Aromanians, founded in 1903 by Nicolae Cican, an Aromanian native of Albania. In France, the Aromanians are grouped in the

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After the fall of communism in 1989, Aromanians and Romanians (known as "Vlachs" in Bulgaria) have started initiatives to organize themselves under one common association.

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nations that Balkan national historiographies portray the Aromanians as the "best Albanians", "best Greeks" and "best Bulgarians", leading to researchers calling them the "

7141: 6994: 3386: 3014:(The Aromanian Albanian National Union). Many of the Albanian Aromanians (Arvanito Vlachs) have immigrated to Greece, since they are considered in Greece part of the 2630:. In Romania, they also have their own football team called Armãnamea, who have been representing them since 2008 in the European football tournament for minorities, 2887: 2371:

of 1912–13, Romanian interest waned, and when it revived in the 1920s it was designed more towards encouraging the Romanians' "Macedonian brothers" to emigrate to

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For the last years there seems to be a renewal of the former policies of supporting and sponsoring of Romanian schools for Aromanians of Albania. As a recent

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the total number of people with Aromanian origin who still understand the language as no more than 300,000, with the number of fluent speakers under 100,000.

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is estimated up to 200,000 people, including those who no longer speak the language. Tanner estimates that the community constitutes 2% of the population. In

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The term "Vlach" was used in medieval Balkans as an exonym for all the Romance-speaking (Romanized) people of the region, as well as a general name for

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encouraging the Balkan states to take steps to rectify the "critical situation" of Aromanian culture and language. This was after pressure from the

464: 3389:. Another group moved to northern Greece. Nowadays, the largest group of Aromanians in Bulgaria is found in the southern mountainous area, around 6392: 6593: 7176: 4540: 4439: 5877:Έκδοση Δελτίου Τύπου για την διοργάνωση του Συνεδρίου του Ελληνικού παραρτήματος της μη κυβερνητικής οργάνωσης του Ε.Β.L.U.L., στη Θεσσαλονίκη 7584: 6731: 6708: 6687: 6647: 6507: 6380: 6158: 5790: 5647: 4923: 4694: 3442:(Цинцари), migrated to Serbia in the 18th and early 19th centuries. They most often were bilingual in Greek, and were often called "Greeks" ( 2744:

were all either Aromanians or of partial Aromanian heritage. It is difficult to estimate the exact number of Aromanians in Greece today. The

857:. The first book to which many scholars have referred to as the most valuable to translate their ethnic name is a grammar printed in 1813 in 6524:

Kocój E., Artifacts of the past as traces of memory. The Aromanian cultural heritage in the Balkans, Res Historica, 2016, pp. 175–195.

6835: 4739:"An analysis of the Macedo-Romanian issue within the Romanian–Greek relations during the first decade of the twentieth century (1900–1926)" 2879: 2780:

near the border with Albania and the Republic of North Macedonia. Some Aromanians can still be found in isolated rural settlements such as

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and played a major role in the dissemination of Greek language and culture; indeed, the first book written in Aromanian was written in the

6009: 2532: 3329:("Macedonians"). Some Aromanian associations even place the total number of people of Aromanian descent in Romania as high as 250,000. 7559: 6498: 2705: 5903: 5875: 5847: 7574: 7554: 6885: 6439:

Cozaru, G. C., A. C. Papari, and M. L. Sandu. "Considerations Regarding the Ethno-Cultural Identity of the Aromanians in Dobrogea".

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represented in Parliament and enjoy ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious rights and the right to education in their language.

2914: 2383: 2204: 4615:"The ethno-cultural belongingness of Aromanians, Vlachs, Catholics, and Lipovans/Old Believers in Romania and Bulgaria (1990–2012)" 4334: 2610:

usage among Aromanians can be traced to at least the 15th century, with notable examples being seen in the Aromanian stećak of the

4501: 7579: 7564: 7261: 7082: 6749: 6246: 3337: 3161: 5573:"23 mai este ziua Simonei Halep și a lui Gică Hagi. Și a tuturor aromânilor din lume. Ce machedoni mai avem în sportul românesc" 2244:

among Balkan Orthodox Christians throughout the 17th–19th centuries. As a result, wealthy, urbanized Aromanians were culturally

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between 5,000 and 15,000 Macedonians and Montenegrins in the north and east; between 30,000 and 50,000 Vlahs or Aromanians

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of the Balkan area that fell under the Latin sphere of influence. The Aromanian language shares many common features with

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region are descendants of emigrants from the region of Macedonia and northern Greece who arrived between 1850 and 1914.

2272: 1009:, divides the Aromanians into two main groups, the "Rrãmãnji" and "Armãnji", which are further divided into sub-groups. 7131: 7425: 7197: 6945: 4032: 3592: 3209: 2211: 1136:

Fãrsherots, from Frashër (Albania), Moscopole and Muzachia are nicknamed "Frasariotes" (Greek: Φρασαριώτες Βλάχοι) or

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A distinct Aromanian consciousness was not developed until the 19th century, and was influenced by the rise of other

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Kahl, Thede (2008). "Multipart singing among the Aromanians (Vlachs)". In Ahmedaja, Ardian; Haid, Gerlinde (eds.).

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Isidor Ieşan, Secta patarenă în Balcani şi în Dacia Traiană. Institutul de arte grafice C. Sfetea, București, 1912

3600: 3585: 3365:, formerly part of the Ottoman Empire until 1913. Due to this reason, a large number of these Aromanians moved to 7238: 6909: 6267:

Marian Wenzel, Bosnian and Herzegovinian Tombstobes-Who Made Them and Why?" Sudost-Forschungen 21(1962): 102–143.

3959: 3292: 3284: 2391: 2065: 2040: 1125:: Κουτσόβλαχοι). This term is sometimes taken as derogatory, as the first element of this term is from the Greek 563: 6778: 5308:

Marian Wenzel, Bosnian and Herzegovinian Tombstobes-Who Made Them and Why?" Sudost-Forschungen 21(1962): 102–143

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Notable Aromanians whose family background hailed from today's Albania include Bishop Andrei Şaguna, and Father

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Iosif, Corina (2011). "The Aromanians between nationality and ethnicity: the history of an identity building".

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Elisabeth Kontogiorgi, Population exchange in Greek Macedonia the rural settlement of refugees 1922–1930, p. 22

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noted in 1897, most Aromanians were not only indifferent, but actively hostile to their own national movement.

2315: 2050: 1583: 1578: 1385: 701: 548: 7480: 4291: 4074: 3795: 3777: 3471: 3463: 2386:, Italy made some efforts—not very successful—in converting pro-Romanian sympathies into pro-Italian ones. In 2292: 6640:

The Forgotten Minorities of Eastern Europe: The History and Today of Selected Ethnic Groups in Five Countries

4568:"Попис на населението, домаќинствата и становите во Република Северна Македонија, 2021 – прв сет на податоци" 2933:, is represented on the Member State Committee of the European Bureau for Lesser Spoken Languages in Greece. 6859: 5931: 5654:

The problem of the linguistic minorities in Greece is a complex one ... They both consider themselves Greeks

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means "little" they are the smaller group of Vlachs as opposed to the more numerous Vlachs (Daco-Romanians).

823: 787: 689: 570: 434: 330: 6660:"Some Topics of the Traditional Wedding Customs of the Macedo–Romanians (Aromanians and Megleno–Romanians)" 4792:"Some topics of the traditional wedding customs of the Macedo–Romanians (Aromanians and Megleno–Romanians)" 7315: 7170: 7111: 7059: 7054: 6601:

Proceedings of the Globalization, Nationalism and Ethnic Conflicts in the Balkans and Its Regional Context

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Proceedings of the Globalization, Nationalism and Ethnic Conflicts in the Balkans and Its Regional Context

4365: 3825: 3498: 3349: 3144:). There also are two political parties representing the Aromanian minority of the country. These are the 3082: 2551: 2435: 1568: 1563: 1334: 783: 520: 515: 469: 359: 211: 65: 6807: 5327: 4109: 3181: 3026: 1485: 1380: 1271: 7330: 7310: 7032: 6922: 5515: 4772: 3265: 3006:), which is the only in the world along with two in North Macedonia, and two social organisations named 2942: 2547: 1231: 525: 374: 354: 186: 136: 7186: 5665:

John S. Koliopoulos, Plundered loyalties Axis occupation in Greek West Macedonia 1941–1949, pages 81–85

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In Bulgaria, most Aromanians were concentrated in the region south-west of Sofia, in the region called

2214:, were subsumed with other ethnic groups into the wider ethnoreligious group of the "Romans" (in Greek 2134:

in Serbian) from Herzegovina and surrounding countries. The theory of the Vlach origin was proposed by

4440:"Paftaua, tipuri de decorații și simboluri. Accesorii din patrimoniul Muzeului Municipiului București" 7335: 7320: 7153: 6604: 4592: 4170: 3432: 3317: 2652: 2580: 2319: 2158:, he found that a large number of skulls were not of Slavic origin but similar to older Illyrian and 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1573: 990: 748: 474: 379: 364: 236: 110: 7146: 6317:

Ružica, Miroslav (2006). "The Balkan Vlachs/Aromanians awakening, national policies, assimilation".

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At the same time, the Greek–Romanian antagonism over Aromanian loyalties intensified with the armed

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is an imaginary line that shows where Latin and Greek influences meet in the Balkans, according to

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living outside these places also exists. The Aromanians are known by several other names, such as "

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Since the Middle Ages, due to the Turkish occupation and the destruction of their cities, such as

2712:. Aromanians have been very influential in Greek politics, business and the army. Revolutionaries 2657: 2337:, the "Aromanian-Romanian movement" culminated in the recognition of the Aromanians as a distinct 7417: 7340: 7271: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7042: 6465:"The Ethnicity of Aromanians after 1990: the Identity of a Minority that Behaves like a Majority" 6322: 6148: 5215: 5108: 4883:

coherent family. Alternative names for Balkan Romance are Daco-Romance and Eastern Romance.

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In Greece, Aromanians are not recognised as an ethnic but as a linguistic minority and, like the

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The Aromanian communities have several nicknames depending on the country where they are living.

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Albania—a Country in Transition: Aspects of Changing Identities in a South-East European Country

3717: 3631: 6002:"The Albanian Aromanians' Awakening: Identity Politics and Conflicts in Post-Communist Albania" 5235:"A major Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b Holocene era founder effect in Central and Western Europe" 4714: 2692:) when speaking in Aromanian, most still consider themselves part of the broader Greek nation ( 977:, and that the term was also used as an exonym for mainly Orthodox Christians in Ottoman-ruled 7518: 7475: 7106: 7094: 7037: 6984: 6727: 6719: 6704: 6683: 6643: 6635: 6541:

Motta, Giuseppe (2012). "The Fight for Balkan Latinity (II). The Aromanians after World War".

6503: 6493: 6464: 6396: 6359: 6154: 5742: 5738: 5709: 5703: 5682: 5643: 5551: 5264: 5207: 5100: 4919: 4913: 4871: 4690: 4418: 4303: 4158: 4133: 4115: 4026: 4001: 3759: 3693: 3378: 3279: 3054: 3015: 2797: 2773: 2741: 2543: 2527: 2415: 2411: 2288: 2196: 2151: 2116: 2096: 1460: 1006: 811: 791: 763: 737: 630: 590: 543: 459: 452: 290: 280: 6626:

The Albanian Aromanians' awakening: identity politics and conflicts in post-communist Albania

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The Albanian Aromanians´ Awakening: Identity Politics and Conflicts in Post-Communist Albania

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Aside from the Balkan countries, there are also communities of Aromanian emigrants living in

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since the 19th century. Although Greek Aromanians would differentiate themselves from native

7490: 7435: 7227: 7158: 6567: 5547: 5280: 5278: 5254: 5246: 5199: 5092: 4285: 4250: 4205: 4182: 4176: 4103: 4092: 3989: 3928: 3922: 3837: 3801: 3765: 3708:—playwright, short story writer, poet, theater manager, political commentator and journalist 3677: 3459: 3447: 3415:

According to the 1926 official census, there were 69,080 Romanians, 5,324 Aromanians, 3,777

3382: 3366: 3038: 2765: 2725: 2721: 2568: 2407: 2399: 2372: 2300: 2284: 2280: 2028: 1290: 966: 862: 807: 803: 752: 744: 725: 6528:

Motta, Giuseppe (2011). "The Fight for Balkan Latinity. The Aromanians until World War I".

5610:"Hagi, Simona Halep şi Eliza Samara, invitaţi la finalele „Cupei Armânamea" (galerie foto)" 4716:

Investigating the Impacts of Earthquakes on Ethnic and Religious Groups: Bucharest, Romania

3505:. However, unofficial estimates number the Aromanian population of Serbia at 5,000–15,000. 2913:

In 2001, 31 Aromanian mayors and heads of villages signed a protest resolution against the

1405: 7523: 7470: 7221: 7206: 6761: 6134: 6064: 5909: 5881: 5853: 4813: 4508: 4497: 4210: 4195: 4077:—politician, diplomat, physician, prolific writer, organizer of the State Sanitary Service 4068: 4044: 4020: 4007: 3898: 3855: 3747: 3398: 3061: 3034: 2930: 2757: 2753: 2563: 2449: 2334: 2159: 1495: 1390: 1145: 978: 956: 775: 771: 717: 635: 479: 286: 155: 6555: 4701:

The Aromanians (Vlachs) are a Latin-speaking ethnic group native to the southern Balkans.

3813: 3807: 3477:

The majority of Serbian people of Aromanian descent do not speak Aromanian and espouse a

3030: 2394:, Italy encouraged Aromanian nationalists to form an "Aromanian homeland", the so-called 1456: 1426: 6174: 5905:Έκδοση ψηφίσματος διαμαρτυρίας κατά της έκθεσης της Αμερικανικής οργάνωσης Freedom House 4686:

Across the Danube: Southeastern Europeans and Their Travelling Identities (17th–19th C.)

7485: 7373: 6659: 5821: 5259: 5234: 4949: 4791: 4567: 4255: 4230: 4220: 4139: 4121: 3916: 3892: 3868: 3831: 3723: 3655: 3306: 3275: 3086: 3046: 2733: 2665: 2500: 2445: 2403: 2353: 2348: 2249: 2221: 2135: 2108: 2024: 1350: 1255: 1122: 1061:, once an important urban center of the Balkans, now a village in southeastern Albania. 974: 973:"Oláh". It is noteworthy that the term Vlach also meant "bandit" or "rebel" in Ottoman 850: 799: 3096: 2947: 1353:. After the Turkish occupation, the Aromanians of Bosnia and Herzegovina converted to 1140:(Greek: Αρβανιτόβλαχοι), meaning "Albanian Vlachs" referring to their place of origin. 7538: 7460: 7163: 6927: 5731: 5203: 5112: 4267: 4225: 4215: 4200: 4145: 4080: 4056: 3886: 3880: 3789: 3645: 3524: 2769: 2713: 2627: 2240: 2139: 2100: 1322: 1285:

A Romanian research team concluded in the 1960s that Albanian Aromanians migrated to

1160:

or similar), which is derived from the way the Aromanians pronounce the word meaning

575: 6326: 6202: 5219: 4713:

Benevedes, Eli; Lally, Owen; Li, Hung-En; Perlee, Abigail; Piombino, Eileen (2021).

4490: 3018:. There are attempts to establish education in their native language in the town of 1250:), while Aromanian was taught, as recorded by Tom Winnifrith, at primary schools in 7465: 7440: 6974: 6875: 6584:

The Origin and Spread of Locative Determiner Omission in the Balkan Linguistic Area

4382: 4279: 4245: 3904: 3711: 3635: 3245: 2993: 2865: 2777: 2623: 2387: 2344: 2330: 2318:

in the 1860s, the Aromanians increasingly began to come under the influence of the

2184: 2143: 2070: 1446: 1410: 779: 585: 68:

most commonly associated with the Aromanians, unofficial but with traditional roots

7383: 7368: 6900: 6084: 6057: 4967: 4642: 3490: 2614:

necropolis. Additionally Aromanians claim the fustanella as their ethnic costume.

6698: 6677: 6277: 5676: 5541: 4870:. Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics. Oxford University Press. p. 1. 4865: 4776: 4408: 849:

of Greek (also occurring in Latin words of Greek origin). The term was coined by

4842: 4235: 4038: 3910: 3874: 3819: 3783: 3735: 3666: 3570: 3253: 3176:). They are the only Aromanian parties in the world along with ABDE in Albania. 2379: 2368: 2311: 2123: 1619: 1433: 1302: 1275: 6228: 5981:. Advisory Committee on the Framework for the Protection of National Minorities 3673: 2924:

Furthermore, the largest Aromanian group in Greece (and across the world), the

2752:

The majority of the Aromanian population lives in northern and central Greece;

2166:

memorials recorded those parts inhabited by the Vlachs until the 15th century.

7378: 6460: 5096: 4760: 4545: 4410:

Encyclopedia of stateless nations: ethnic and national groups around the world

4273: 3843: 3535:. Although the largest diaspora community is in select major Canadian cities, 3302: 3225: 3019: 2607: 2245: 2226: 1548: 1342: 1338: 1330: 1314: 1306: 1267: 1040: 1002: 940: 424: 6400: 6243:"Romanian Global News – singura agentie de presa a romanilor de pretutindeni" 5118:

Dacians and Greeks, though the Greek connection is undoubtedly the strongest.

5104: 3106: Localities where Aromanians are an officially recognised minority group 1238:, Aromanian communities inhabit Moscopole, their most famous settlement, the 7511: 7506: 7455: 7393: 6964: 6890: 6582: 6572: 5594: 4454: 4086: 3953: 3940: 3741: 3462:

and Papazogli. Among the notable people of Aromanian descent are playwright

3406: 3309:. These immigrant Aromanians were assimilated into the Romanian population. 3271: 2701: 2677: 2631: 2536: 2504: 2431: 2276: 2268: 2163: 2060: 2045: 1538: 1533: 1529: 1430: 1310: 1223: 1058: 944: 936: 623: 618: 404: 319: 294: 59: 28: 24: 5268: 5211: 3192:) service the Aromanian community. The Aromanian television program Spark ( 3029:, whereas notable Albanians with an Aromanian family background are actors 2910:, publicly urged Greek Aromanians to teach the language to their children. 2495: 2129: 1219: 6802: 6353: 5590: 5250: 2996:

help from the Romanian government. They also have a political party named

2430:

of 23 May 1905 has been adopted in recent times by Aromanians in Albania,

2126:

are considered authors of the famous funerary monuments with petroglyphs (

2119:, but "Great Vlachia" is no longer mentioned after the late 13th century. 965:), Albanian "Vllehët", Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian "Vlasi" (Bласи), 7403: 7398: 7047: 6594:"The Balkan Vlachs/Aromanians Awakening, National Policies, Assimilation" 6302: 5543:

European Voices I: Multipart singing in the Balkans and the Mediterranean

4414: 3536: 3486: 3390: 3296: 3050: 2845: 2813: 2781: 2761: 2697: 2669: 2611: 2256: 2216: 2092: 2088: 2080: 1022: 952: 709: 205: 20: 6358:. CEUP collection. Central European University Press. pp. 273–305. 6355:

Jovan Jovanović Zmaj and the Serbian identity between poetry and history

6147:

Conseil de l'Europe. Assemblée parlementaire. Session ordinaire (1997).

2170:

Aromanians within the Balkan nationalisms of the 19th and 20th centuries

1148:

and Bulgaria, the nicknames used to refer to the Aromanians are usually

7388: 7358: 6282:. Vol. 7–8. Centar za mitološki studije Srbije. 2002. p. 35. 6127: 3532: 3313: 3233: 2899: 2857: 2849: 2829: 2622:

There are some famous Aromanian sport personalities like tennis player

2465: 2307: 2260: 2155: 2104: 2075: 1521: 1346: 1298: 1235: 1101: 721: 705: 693: 439: 414: 180: 130: 5516:"L'alimentazione come sistema alluvionale nella cultura degli aromeni" 5080: 1520:

attempted to determine if the Aromanians are descendants of Latinised

7363: 6870: 4325: 3539:, Germany has one of the most important Aromanian organisations, the 3528: 3520: 3402: 3394: 3241: 3217: 3133: 2918: 2685: 2681: 2635: 2473: 2112: 2049:

Aromanian shepherd in traditional clothes, photo from 1899, Archive:

1525: 1414: 1337:

that was probably assimilated by local dwellers. Initially they were

1286: 1097: 1079: 1075: 1036: 948: 877: 858: 733: 713: 429: 419: 409: 230: 104: 6477: 6179:(in Bulgarian). Архитектурно-етнографски комплекс "Етър" – Габрово. 5761:

Greek Monitor of Human and Minority Rights vol I. No 3 December 1995

3482: 1226:, once the cultural and commercial centre of the Aromanians, in 1742 6624: 5733:

The grooves of change: Eastern Europe at the turn of the millennium

2571:

is common among the Aromanians, and follows a common set of rules.

5791:"Recommendation 1333 (1997) on the Aromanian culture and language" 4341: 3662: 3650: 3640: 3630: 3478: 3362: 3355: 3095: 3081: 2946: 2837: 2812:). There are also Aromanians (Vlachs) in towns and cities such as 2805: 2700:), which also encompasses other linguistic minorities such as the 2664: 2656: 2592: 2531: 2494: 2457: 2190: 2179: 2044: 1545: 1420: 1404: 1354: 1294: 1218: 982: 3377:. After the reinclusion of Southern Dobruja in Bulgaria with the 2414:, were Aromanians. The "principality" project collapsed with the 959:. The term is noted in the following languages: Greek "Vlachoi" ( 5978: 1243: 6817: 3060:

On 13 October 2017, Aromanians received the official status of

2275:

in the modern history of the Balkan nations: the revolutionary

3564: 2971:

Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

2111:". Later medieval sources also speak of an "Upper Vlachia" in 2107:. Thessalian Vlachia was apparently also known as "Vlachia in 1470: 1365: 1129:(κουτσό-) meaning "lame". Following a Turkish etymology where 6381:"Ioannis Kolettis. The Vlach from the ruling elite of Greece" 2661:

Map of Balkans with regions inhabited by Aromanians in yellow

960: 736:" or "Macedo-Romanians" (sometimes used to also refer to the 5130: 5128: 5126: 4895: 4893: 4891: 3501:, there were 327 Serbian citizens that identified as ethnic 2963: Aromanian majority or substantial minority settlements 2444:), but notably not in Greece or among the Aromanians in the 900:("Aromanian people"). The endonym is rendered in English as 5062: 5060: 4992: 4990: 4988: 2195:

Map showing areas with Romanian schools for Aromanians and

770:

of its own. Aromanian is considered to have developed from

6779:"The recent history of the Aromanians in Southeast Europe" 6556:"Ethnic Identity of Aromanians/Vlachs in the 21st Century" 6478:"Aromanians in Greece. Minority or Vlach-Speaking Greeks?" 4486: 2680:, have been indistinguishable in many respects from other 7267:

Panhellenic Federation of Cultural Associations of Vlachs

3489:

and some smaller communities in Southern Serbia, such as

2926:

Panhellenic Federation of Cultural Associations of Vlachs

2220:, after the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire), which in 1161: 5849:Έκδοση ψηφίσματος διαμαρτυρίας κατά του Στέτ Ντιπαρτμεντ 5047: 5045: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5017: 2764:. The main areas inhabited by these populations are the 2087:

records the existence of the district of "Vlachia" near

865:. It was titled Γραμματική Ρωμαϊκή ήτοι Μακεδονοβλαχική/ 6109:Çollaku, Robert (July–August 2011). Gusho, Jani (ed.). 2252:

and aimed at spreading Greek among Aromanian-speakers.

939:, but nowadays is commonly used for the Aromanians and 5979:"Third Opinion on Albania adopted on 23 November 2011" 5773: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5485: 5483: 5451: 5449: 5447: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5417: 5415: 5366: 5364: 5339: 5337: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4472:. Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly. Doc. 7728. 3089:, the first leader of the first Aromanian band in the 3010:(The Society of the Aromanians/Vlachs of Albania) and 880:

used since medieval times. Aromanians call themselves

802:; however, although it has many loanwords from Greek, 4522: 4520: 4518: 4516: 1329:). There was an important community of Aromanians in 6441:

Tradition and Reform Social Reconstruction of Europe

3798:—playwright, poet, lawyer, philosopher and pedagogue 3118: Areas where Megleno-Romanians are concentrated 2263:, but it was turned down by the local metropolitan. 7499: 7416: 7349: 7301: 7294: 7247: 7093: 7020: 6908: 6858: 6726:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 112–121. 5950:

Population and Housing Census (Main Results) – 2011

3112: Other localities with an Aromanian population 2375:, where there were strong non-Romanian minorities. 273: 260: 245: 220: 195: 170: 145: 120: 94: 89: 73: 44: 6658: 6482:Jahrbücher für Geschichte und Kultur Südosteuropas 6176:Армъните в България ("The Aromanians in Bulgaria") 5730: 3497:was founded in Belgrade in 1991. According to the 2059:The Aromanians or Vlachs first appear in medieval 704:. They traditionally live in central and southern 6724:Minorities in Greece: Aspects of a Plural Society 6665:Romanian Journal of Population Studies Supplement 3393:. Most Aromanians in Bulgaria originate from the 2982:serving the Aromanian minority in Albania is the 762:, is an Eastern Romance language very similar to 6995:Population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania 6629:, Flensburg: European Centre for Minority Issues 6502:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. 4481: 4479: 3458:(1804–1817). Some of the notable rebels include 2638:competition organized by Aromanians in Romania. 3171: 3165: 3155: 3149: 3132:, (The Aromanian Community Manaki Brothers) in 3001: 2987: 2888:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 2585:A literature in the Aromanian language exists. 2439: 1144:In the South Slavic countries, such as Serbia, 989:for the immigrant Slavophone population of the 7595:Ethnic groups divided by international borders 6296:Jokić Stamenković, Dragana (30 January 2017). 2259:requested permission to use their language in 1152:(South Slavic for Vlachs and Wallachians) and 867:Romanische oder Macedonowlachische Sprachlehre 7277:Trâ Armânami Association of French Aromanians 6941:Ottoman Aromanians in Romanian foreign policy 6829: 3919:—entrepreneur, banker and national benefactor 3549:Trâ Armânami Association of French Aromanians 2127: 657: 8: 6754:Greek Monitor of Human & Minority Rights 6000:Schwandner-Sievers, Stephanie (March 1999). 5880:(in Greek). 14 November 2002. Archived from 5852:(in Greek). 28 February 2001. Archived from 5184: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5170: 4647:Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia 4643:"Становништво према националној припадности" 4083:—writer, political thinker and revolutionary 3913:—banker, aristocrat, benefactor and diplomat 2426:The date of the announcement of the Ottoman 2083:. In the 12th century, the Jewish traveller 1242:(where they are concentrated), a quarter of 39: 7234:Giorgakis Olympios Museum of Vlach Folklore 7078:Democratic Union of the Vlachs of Macedonia 6379:Jovanovski, Dalibor; Minov, Nikola (2017). 5818:""Rumänien ist für uns eine zweite Heimat"" 5708:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 163. 5161:Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features 4918:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 175. 3599:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3146:Democratic Union of the Vlachs of Macedonia 3003:Ligãturea ti Egaliteati shi Ndrept European 2367:" (pro-Bulgarians). However, following the 2306:Following the establishment of independent 1484:It has been suggested that this section be 1379:It has been suggested that this section be 7298: 7099: 7073:Alliance for Equality and European Justice 6836: 6822: 6814: 6700:The Vlachs: the history of a Balkan people 5908:(in Greek). 18 August 2003. Archived from 5134: 5066: 4996: 4915:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: A–C 4899: 2998:Alliance for Equality and European Justice 2634:. There also exists the Cupa Armânamea, a 1553: 1512:Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe 664: 650: 302: 58: 38: 6571: 5258: 4637: 4635: 3774:—playwright, satirist, essayist, novelist 3619:Learn how and when to remove this message 3151:Unia Democratã a Armãnjlor dit Machidunii 2736:, Field Marshal and later Prime Minister 2297:Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople 1748:Aromanians from Kruševo, North Macedonia 1445:The Aromanian language is related to the 1025:situated in southwestern-central Albania. 892:they belong, and identify as part of the 7282:Union for Aromanian Language and Culture 6787:The Newsletter of the Society Farsharotu 6543:Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6530:Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6431:Atanassova, Katya (1998). "Aromanians". 4468:Puig, Lluis Maria de (17 January 1997). 4388:List of Aromanian cultural organizations 4328:(Amand Schweiger from Lerchenfeld, 1887) 3672: 3661: 3541:Union for Aromanian Language and Culture 3100:Spread of Aromanians in North Macedonia: 2917:report on the human rights situation in 2896:Union for Aromanian Language and Culture 5705:Encyclopedia of modern Greek literature 5328:"BJUNIORNEWBLOG: THE AROMANIAN REBIRTH" 5287:, "Vlachs" (A. Kazhdan), pp. 2183–2184. 4399: 4314: 2672:, one of the highest villages in Greece 2434:, Bulgaria and North Macedonia as the " 2378:While Romanian activity declined, from 2238:, and the Greek language was used as a 2187:ways of the Vlach shepherds in the past 1117:Gramustians and Pindians are nicknamed 869:("Romance or Macedono-Vlach Grammar"). 310: 6623:Schwandner-Sievers, Stephanie (1999), 6433:Communities and Identities in Bulgaria 5146: 5051: 5027: 5008: 4796:Romanian Journal of Population Studies 4562: 4560: 2992:) of Korçë, which was given 2 billion 1812:Aromanians from Štip, North Macedonia 256:also languages of their home countries 7257:Lunjina Serbian–Aromanian Association 6039:Kressing, Frank; Kaser, Karl (2002). 4457:: Bucharest Municipality Museum: 136. 3937:—entrepreneur and national benefactor 3495:Lunjina Serbian–Aromanian Association 3301:(which never recovered) and later on 3240:) 2,074 (4.3%), Bitola 1,270 (1.3%), 3008:Shoqata Arumunët/Vllehtë e Shqiperisë 2957: Aromanian exclusive settlements 2597:Aromanians in traditional clothes in 1488:out into another article titled 1383:out into another article titled 1341:but around year 1000 they adhered to 841:, meaning Roman citizen. The initial 7: 6393:Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań 6339: 6183:from the original on 30 January 2009 6016:from the original on 26 January 2020 5834: 5777: 5501: 5489: 5455: 5438: 5421: 5406: 5394: 5382: 5370: 5355: 5343: 4671: 4593:"Population and Housing Census 2023" 4526: 3895:—barons, philanthropists and bankers 3828:—philosopher, mathematician and poet 3762:—film director, actor and politician 3597:adding citations to reliable sources 3256:647 (1.1%) and Skopje 2,557 (0.5%). 2880:Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 2601:at the beginning of the 20th century 2516:Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar 2271:of the Balkans". Consequently, many 2122:The medieval Vlachs (Aromanians) of 2063:sources in the 11th century, in the 1686:Aromanians from Andon Poçi, Albania 1180:is also used. In Albania, the terms 1100:, an isolated area in south-eastern 90:Regions with significant populations 6760:(3). December 1995 . Archived from 6636:"The Vlachs – A contested identity" 6117:. Arumunët e Shqipërisë. p. 2. 6010:European Centre for Minority Issues 5639:Yugoslavia: A History of Its Demise 4447:Materiale de Istorie și Muzeografie 3714:—theatre, television and film actor 3454:(mercenaries) and later joined the 2148:Antiquarian Researches in Illyricum 7142:Linguistic parallels with Albanian 6679:Shattered Eagles, Balkan Fragments 6642:. East-West Books. pp. 203–. 6554:Nowicka, Ewa (29 September 2016). 6499:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium 6352:Aleksov, Bojan (23 January 2013). 6227:. 5 September 2005. Archived from 6153:. Council of Europe. p. xxi. 5608:Bocai, Marian (17 December 2013). 5299:, "Vlachia" (A. Kazhdan), p. 2183. 5239:European Journal of Human Genetics 5081:"Vlachs, A Peaceful Balkan People" 4539:Gatej, Iuliana (8 December 2006). 4190:Sciences, academia and engineering 4041:—politician, diplomat and lecturer 2706:Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia 2273:Aromanians played a prominent role 2234:was headed by the Greek-dominated 2150:(1883). While doing research with 1305:, and that they inhabited Karaja, 16:Ethnic group native to the Balkans 14: 7132:Bible translations into Aromanian 6027:not refer to a distinct identity. 5957:Institute of Statistics (Albania) 5737:. Duke University Press. p. 4270:—football coach and former player 3680:, former Prime Minister of Greece 3167:Partia Armãnjilor ditu Machidunie 3130:Comuna Armãneascã "Frats Manachi" 2732:, businessman and philanthropist 2510:The Aromanians are predominantly 2205:national movements in the Balkans 1074:, concentrated in and around the 924:(Ароманци), in Serbo-Croatian as 7570:Ethnic groups in North Macedonia 7262:Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society 7177:I'm Not Famous but I'm Aromanian 7083:Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia 6946:Romanian churches in the Balkans 6899: 6845: 6801: 6471:. Vol. 6. pp. 145–169. 6245:. 7 October 2007. Archived from 5816:Baicu, Cornel (29 August 2003). 5204:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2005.00251.x 4364: 4348: 4333: 4317: 4035:—politician, activist and writer 3569: 3338:Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society 3162:Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia 2095:, while the Byzantine historian 1475: 1370: 1047:) area in south-eastern Albania. 888:, depending on which of the two 837:derives directly from the Latin 778:varieties that evolved from the 318: 223: 198: 173: 148: 123: 116:; estimated up to 300,000 (2002) 97: 6958:Romanian schools in the Balkans 6203:"Ministerul Afacerilor Externe" 5681:. Greenwood Press. p. 13. 5571:Ghering, Silviu (23 May 2020). 5468:Vușcan, Cătălin (13 May 2021). 5296: 5284: 4950:"What does Daco-Romanian mean?" 4814:"Vlach – European ethnic group" 4724:Worcester Polytechnic Institute 4541:"Aromânii vor statut minoritar" 4340:Aromanian armatoles in 1907 in 3931:—philanthropist and businessman 3871:—businessman and philanthropist 3786:—film director and screenwriter 3768:—philosopher, essayist and poet 3738:—film director and screenwriter 3333:representatives in parliament. 3316:was incorporated into Romania, 3012:Unioni Kombëtar Arumun Shqiptar 2724:, billionaires and benefactors 2539:, Aromanian cheese from Metsovo 2210:Until then, the Aromanians, as 2035:History and self-identification 1935:Aromanians in Balkan Peninsula 810:, its lexicon remains majority 7217:Aromanian traditional clothing 6056:Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers. 4867:Definiteness in Balkan Romance 4124:—jurist, politician and writer 4023:—politician and philanthropist 3863:Law, philanthropy and commerce 3354:Most of the Aromanians in the 3064:, through voting of a bill by 2740:, and conservative politician 2236:Patriarchate of Constantinople 1232:Aromanian community in Albania 993:(also mainly denoting Serbs). 768:many slightly varying dialects 1: 7137:Influence on Slavic languages 7028:Genetic studies on Aromanians 6777:Gica, Alexandru (2009–2011). 5678:Culture and customs of Greece 5523:Acta Iassyensia Comparationis 4549:(in Romanian). Archived from 4165:Joachim III of Constantinople 4130:— politician and army officer 3078:Aromanians in North Macedonia 1491:Genetic studies on Aromanians 1215:List of Aromanian settlements 268:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 80: 7585:Ethnic groups in the Balkans 4622:Revista Română de Sociologie 4148:—entrepreneur and politician 3901:—lumber merchant and scholar 3543:. In the United States, the 3470:(1864–1938), and politician 3381:of 1940, most were moved to 2441:Dzua Natsionalã a Armãnjilor 2199:in the Ottoman Empire (1886) 2115:, and a "Little Vlachia" in 920:(Арумъни), in Macedonian as 774:, a common stage of all the 7426:Nicolae Constantin Batzaria 7239:Subgroups of the Aromanians 7198:Radio Romania International 6722:. In Clogg, Richard (ed.). 6298:"Цинцари – крвоток Балкана" 4968:"Magyar Néprajzi Lexikon /" 4689:. Brill. 2016. p. 30. 4438:Ene, Maria Camelia (2016). 4053:—politician and businessman 4047:—politician and businessman 4033:Nicolae Constantin Batzaria 3877:—businessman and politician 3375:Treaty of Bucharest of 1913 3210:Macedonian Radio-Television 2422:Modern Aromanian identities 2212:Eastern Orthodox Christians 1104:, and north-west of Greece. 947:being named Vlachs only in 896:("Aromanian tribe") or the 7611: 7446:Matilda Caragiu Marioțeanu 7012:Recommendation 1333 (1997) 7005:Principality of the Pindus 6603:. Belgrade. Archived from 6581:Prendergast, Eric (2017). 5932:"Learn a Foreign Language" 5642:. Routledge. p. 184. 5233:Myres, Natalie M. (2010). 4613:Constantin, Marin (2014). 4407:Minahan, James B. (2016). 3558: 3512: 3430: 3347: 3263: 3075: 2940: 2908:Konstantinos Stefanopoulos 2892:Recommendation 1333 (1997) 2768:, around the mountains of 2710:Principality of the Pindus 2650: 2578: 2561: 2546:is strongly influenced by 2525: 2488: 2396:Principality of the Pindus 2320:Romanian national movement 2224:times formed the distinct 2173: 2038: 1509: 1212: 1168:. In Romania, the demonym 1035:), mostly concentrated in 961: 912:(Αρμάνοι), in Albanian as 821: 601:Recommendation 1333 (1997) 596:Principality of the Pindus 18: 7560:Ethnic groups in Bulgaria 7212:Aromanian Orthodox Church 7102: 6897: 6657:Țîrcomnicu, Emil (2009). 6592:Ružica, Miroslav (2006). 6083:. Ecmi.de. Archived from 5675:Leontis, Artemis (2009). 5097:10.1215/10474552-15-4-115 4790:Țîrcomnicu, Emil (2009). 4737:Tudorancea, Radu (2007). 4106:—politician and professor 3960:Christodoulos Hatzipetros 3031:Aleksandër (Sandër) Prosi 3016:Greek minority in Albania 2392:Axis occupation of Greece 2291:, Serbian Prime Minister 2287:, Greek Defence Minister 2162:, as well as noting that 2066:Strategikon of Kekaumenos 2041:History of the Aromanians 1413:during its height, under 549:Aromanian Orthodox Church 349:Geographical distribution 278: 265: 250: 78: 57: 45: 7575:Ethnic groups in Romania 7555:Ethnic groups in Albania 7481:Gheorghe Constantin Roja 7147:Aromanian-language names 7000:Roman Legion (1941–1943) 6918:Origin of the Aromanians 6718:Winnifrith, Tom (2002). 6697:Winnifrith, Tom (1987). 6676:Winnifrith, Tom (1995). 6175: 6063:18 February 2015 at the 5904: 5876: 5848: 5729:Brown, James F. (2001). 5514:Dărăbuș, Carmen (2013). 5192:Annals of Human Genetics 4292:Rafail Dishnica Gërnjoti 3730:Jovan Četirević Grabovan 3312:In 1925, 47 years after 2902:. In response, the then 2329:With the support of the 2316:Romanian Orthodox Church 2299:, Romanian metropolitan 2154:on stećak graves around 1450:centuries does the term 1386:Origin of the Aromanians 1349:Christian sect and were 1200:, "shepherd") are used. 1078:of Northern and Central 818:Names and classification 702:Eastern Romance language 19:Not to be confused with 7580:Ethnic groups in Serbia 7565:Ethnic groups in Greece 6951:St. Sotir Church, Korçë 6573:10.17951/rh.2016.41.213 6133:27 October 2010 at the 6128:The Vlachs of Macedonia 6078:"Aromanians in Albania" 5163:. Springer. p. 39. 5085:Mediterranean Quarterly 4761:"Aromanian etymologies" 4600:Instituti i Statistikës 4099:Helena Angelina Komnene 3996:Konstantinos Smolenskis 3204:(Iskra)) broadcasts on 3197: 3189: 3172: 3166: 3156: 3150: 3002: 2988: 2491:Eastern Orthodox Church 2440: 2402:against the Axis, like 2279:, Greek Prime Minister 824:Names of the Aromanians 712:, northern and central 692:native to the southern 685: 7550:Eastern Romance people 7065:Dimãndarea pãrinteascã 7060:Aromanian National Day 7055:Flag of the Aromanians 6923:Vlach uprising of 1066 6671:(Supplement): 141–152. 6385:Balcanica Posnaniensia 6205:. MAE.ro. 23 July 2014 5793:. 1997. Archived from 5079:Binder, David (2004). 4912:James Minahan (2002). 4864:Isac, Daniela (2024). 4324:Aromanian herdsmen in 4029:—politician and writer 3943:—lawyer and politician 3834:—poet and prose writer 3826:Konstantinos Tzechanis 3750:—composer and musician 3681: 3670: 3659: 3648: 3638: 3466:(1806–1856), novelist 3350:Aromanians in Bulgaria 3336:In Romania exists the 3120: 3093: 3045:, as well as composer 2965: 2951:Aromanians in Albania: 2673: 2662: 2602: 2552:Middle Eastern cuisine 2540: 2507: 2436:Aromanian National Day 2384:involvement in Albania 2200: 2188: 2128: 2056: 1875:Aromanians in Romania 1437: 1418: 1335:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1227: 465:Cultural organizations 7033:Aromanian nationalism 6634:Tanner, Arno (2004). 6111:"Frația (Vëllazëria)" 6043:. Nomos. p. 12. 5702:Merry, Bruce (2004). 5636:Viktor Meier (1999). 5251:10.1038/ejhg.2010.146 4759:Vrabie, Emil (1993). 4746:Euro-Atlantic Studies 4167:—ecumenical patriarch 4059:—politician and actor 3986:—educator and fighter 3822:—painter and academic 3796:Jovan Sterija Popović 3778:Ștefan Octavian Iosif 3676: 3665: 3654: 3644: 3634: 3464:Jovan Sterija Popović 3266:Aromanians in Romania 3099: 3085: 2950: 2943:Aromanians in Albania 2915:U.S. State Department 2668: 2660: 2596: 2535: 2498: 2194: 2183: 2048: 1424: 1408: 1222: 985:), as well as by the 274:Related ethnic groups 7171:Aromanian mass media 7154:Aromanian literature 7112:Aromanian folk dance 6810:at Wikimedia Commons 6790:. 24–25 (1–2): 1–22. 6750:"Report: The Vlachs" 6587:(Ph.D). UC Berkeley. 6476:Kahl, Thede (2003). 6469:Ethnologia Balkanica 6449:Transylvanian Review 6231:on 5 September 2005. 6137:, Tom J. Winnifrith. 5912:on 15 September 2004 5884:on 10 September 2004 5856:on 15 September 2004 5550:. pp. 267–280. 5330:. 11 September 2019. 5159:Tomic, O.M. (2006). 4502:Aromanians in Greece 4470:"Report: Aromanians" 4179:—metropolitan bishop 4171:Theodore Kavalliotis 3850:Jovan Jovanović Zmaj 3780:—poet and translator 3593:improve this section 3433:Aromanians in Serbia 2653:Aromanians in Greece 2626:and football player 2581:Aromanian literature 991:Dalmatian hinterland 784:Paleo-Balkan peoples 749:Carpathian Mountains 485:Traditional clothing 85:(Aromanian-speakers) 7451:Alcibiades Diamandi 7431:Constantin Belimace 6936:Macedonian Struggle 6150:Documents de séance 6090:on 18 February 2015 5797:on 18 November 2002 5409:, pp. 147–148. 5385:, pp. 149–150. 5358:, pp. 146–147. 4954:www.definitions.net 4839:"Romanian language" 4765:General Linguistics 4507:19 May 2005 at the 4496:3 July 2006 at the 4241:Daniel Moscopolites 4173:—priest and teacher 4063:Alcibiades Diamandi 3974:—military commander 3935:Konstantinos Zappas 3700:Constantin Belimace 3696:—comedian and actor 3387:population exchange 3066:Albanian Parliament 3027:Haralambie Balamaci 2904:President of Greece 2730:Konstantinos Zappas 2512:Orthodox Christians 2361:Macedonian Struggle 1057:, from the city of 306:Part of a series on 41: 7272:Society Farsharotu 7187:Românul de la Pind 7117:Aromanian language 7069:Political parties 7043:Aromanian question 6764:on 16 January 2015 6494:Kazhdan, Alexander 5959:. 2012. p. 71 4371:Aromanians in 1915 4128:Alexandros Papagos 3984:Anastasios Pichion 3978:Alexandros Papagos 3972:Giorgakis Olympios 3966:Anastasios Manakis 3706:Ion Luca Caragiale 3688:Art and literature 3682: 3671: 3660: 3649: 3639: 3561:List of Aromanians 3555:Notable Aromanians 3545:Society Farsharotu 3515:Aromanian diaspora 3456:Serbian Revolution 3371:Kingdom of Romania 3206:the second channel 3121: 3094: 3072:In North Macedonia 2966: 2746:Treaty of Lausanne 2738:Alexandros Papagos 2718:Giorgakis Olympios 2674: 2663: 2603: 2541: 2508: 2324:Dimitri Atanasescu 2201: 2189: 2176:Aromanian question 2085:Benjamin of Tudela 2057: 1541:among the groups. 1438: 1419: 1289:, Stan Karbunarë, 1228: 1158:Tzintzari, Cincari 916:, in Bulgarian as 758:Their vernacular, 730:Aromanian diaspora 581:Aromanian question 338:List of Aromanians 283:-speaking peoples; 7532: 7531: 7519:Megleno-Romanians 7476:Nicolaos Matussis 7412: 7411: 7290: 7289: 7107:Aromanian cuisine 7038:Aromanian studies 6985:Samarina Republic 6806:Media related to 6733:978-1-85065-705-7 6710:978-0-7156-2135-6 6689:978-0-7156-2635-1 6649:978-952-91-6808-8 6509:978-0-19-504652-6 6279:Mitološki zbornik 6249:on 7 October 2007 6160:978-92-871-3239-0 5649:978-0-415-18596-7 5614:Ziua de Constanţa 4925:978-0-313-32109-2 4696:978-90-04-33544-8 4355:Aromanian men of 4304:Dominique Moceanu 4298:Theodhor Gërnjoti 4185:—scholar and monk 4159:Cyril of Bulgaria 4134:Alexandros Svolos 4116:Nicolaos Matussis 4027:Evangelos Averoff 4002:Leonidas Smolents 3760:Sergiu Nicolaescu 3694:Alexandru Arsinel 3629: 3628: 3621: 3397:, with some from 3379:Treaty of Craiova 3055:Parashqevi Simaku 2776:, and around the 2742:Evangelos Averoff 2720:, Prime Minister 2544:Aromanian cuisine 2528:Aromanian cuisine 2514:, and follow the 2416:Italian armistice 2412:Alexandros Svolos 2333:, and especially 2289:Evangelos Averoff 2197:Megleno-Romanians 2152:Felix von Luschan 2117:Aetolia-Acarnania 2097:Niketas Choniates 2079:, in the area of 2022: 2021: 1557:Sample population 1508: 1507: 1503: 1461:Megleno-Romanians 1403: 1402: 1398: 1007:Aromanian studies 981:(mainly denoting 904:, in Romanian as 853:in his 1894 work 738:Megleno-Romanians 686:Armãnji, Rrãmãnji 674: 673: 631:Megleno-Romanians 591:Samarina Republic 544:Eastern Orthodoxy 398:Major settlements 301: 300: 291:Megleno-Romanians 241: 216: 191: 166: 141: 115: 7602: 7491:Constantin Ucuta 7436:Mihail G. Boiagi 7299: 7159:Aromanian Missal 7100: 6903: 6882:Macedo-Romanians 6850: 6849: 6848: 6838: 6831: 6824: 6815: 6805: 6791: 6783: 6773: 6771: 6769: 6737: 6714: 6693: 6672: 6662: 6653: 6630: 6619: 6617: 6615: 6609: 6598: 6588: 6577: 6575: 6550: 6537: 6513: 6489: 6472: 6456: 6436: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6412: 6407:on 18 March 2020 6403:. Archived from 6376: 6370: 6369: 6349: 6343: 6337: 6331: 6330: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6293: 6287: 6286: 6274: 6268: 6265: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6254: 6239: 6233: 6232: 6221: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6199: 6193: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6144: 6138: 6125: 6119: 6118: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6095: 6089: 6082: 6074: 6068: 6054: 6048: 6047: 6036: 6030: 6029: 6023: 6021: 6012:. pp. 1–2. 5997: 5991: 5990: 5988: 5986: 5975: 5969: 5968: 5966: 5964: 5954: 5946: 5940: 5939: 5938:. 29 March 2023. 5928: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5917: 5900: 5894: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5844: 5838: 5832: 5826: 5825: 5813: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5787: 5781: 5775: 5762: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5736: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5699: 5693: 5692: 5672: 5666: 5663: 5657: 5656: 5633: 5627: 5624: 5618: 5617: 5605: 5599: 5598: 5587: 5581: 5580: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5520: 5511: 5505: 5499: 5493: 5487: 5478: 5477: 5465: 5459: 5453: 5442: 5436: 5425: 5419: 5410: 5404: 5398: 5392: 5386: 5380: 5374: 5368: 5359: 5353: 5347: 5341: 5332: 5331: 5324: 5318: 5315: 5309: 5306: 5300: 5294: 5288: 5282: 5273: 5272: 5262: 5230: 5224: 5223: 5198:(Pt 4): 459–87. 5186: 5165: 5164: 5156: 5150: 5144: 5138: 5132: 5121: 5120: 5076: 5070: 5064: 5055: 5049: 5040: 5037: 5031: 5025: 5012: 5011:, pp. 203–. 5006: 5000: 4994: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4978: 4964: 4958: 4957: 4946: 4940: 4939: 4934: 4932: 4909: 4903: 4897: 4886: 4885: 4861: 4855: 4854: 4852: 4850: 4845:on 20 March 2006 4841:. Archived from 4835: 4829: 4828: 4826: 4824: 4810: 4804: 4803: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4743: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4726:. pp. 1–63. 4721: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4681: 4675: 4669: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4639: 4630: 4629: 4619: 4610: 4604: 4603: 4597: 4589: 4583: 4582: 4580: 4578: 4572: 4564: 4555: 4554: 4553:on 9 March 2012. 4536: 4530: 4524: 4511: 4483: 4474: 4473: 4465: 4459: 4458: 4444: 4435: 4429: 4428: 4413:(2nd ed.). 4404: 4368: 4352: 4337: 4321: 4288:—handball player 4276:—football player 4251:Pericle Papahagi 4206:Ioannis Chalkeus 4183:Nektarios Terpos 4110:Apostol Mărgărit 4104:Spyridon Lambros 4093:Ioannis Kolettis 4051:Costică Canacheu 3990:Stefanos Sarafis 3962:—military leader 3929:Evangelis Zappas 3923:Michael Tositsas 3802:Florica Prevenda 3766:Constantin Noica 3720:—cinema operator 3678:Ioannis Kolettis 3624: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3604: 3573: 3565: 3403:Pindus Mountains 3395:Gramos Mountains 3383:Northern Dobruja 3367:Southern Dobruja 3300: 3175: 3169: 3159: 3153: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3005: 2991: 2984:St. Sotir Church 2962: 2956: 2878:Since 1994, the 2766:Pindus Mountains 2726:Evangelos Zappas 2722:Ioannis Kolettis 2642:Aromanians today 2569:Polyphonic music 2443: 2408:Stefanos Sarafis 2400:Greek Resistance 2382:on and with its 2373:Southern Dobruja 2285:Georgios Averoff 2283:, Greek magnate 2281:Ioannis Kolettis 2133: 2029:Balkan Peninsula 2001: 1993: 1987: 1980: 1972: 1964: 1956: 1930:– 14.29% (6/42) 1918: 1912: 1907: 1901: 1895: 1889: 1883: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1849: 1844: 1838: 1832: 1826: 1820: 1807: 1802: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1780: 1774: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1722: 1717: 1711: 1705: 1700: 1694: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1665: 1659: 1654: 1648: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1618:Aromanians from 1554: 1501:(September 2023) 1499: 1479: 1478: 1471: 1396:(September 2023) 1394: 1374: 1373: 1366: 1240:Kolonjë District 1098:Gramos Mountains 1076:Pindus Mountains 1001:German academic 964: 963: 898:Populu Armãnescu 890:dialectal groups 863:Mihail G. Boiagi 753:Southeast Europe 745:Balkan Peninsula 726:Northern Dobruja 708:, south-western 666: 659: 652: 322: 303: 239: 233: 229: 227: 226: 214: 208: 204: 202: 201: 189: 183: 179: 177: 176: 164: 158: 154: 152: 151: 139: 133: 129: 127: 126: 113: 107: 103: 101: 100: 82: 74:Total population 62: 42: 7610: 7609: 7605: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7600: 7599: 7590:Romance peoples 7535: 7534: 7533: 7528: 7524:Istro-Romanians 7495: 7471:Manaki brothers 7408: 7345: 7326:North Macedonia 7303: 7286: 7243: 7222:Avdhela Project 7207:Aromanian music 7194:Radio stations 7089: 7016: 6904: 6895: 6854: 6846: 6844: 6842: 6798: 6781: 6776: 6767: 6765: 6748: 6745: 6743:Further reading 6740: 6734: 6717: 6711: 6696: 6690: 6675: 6656: 6650: 6633: 6622: 6613: 6611: 6607: 6596: 6591: 6580: 6553: 6540: 6527: 6510: 6492: 6475: 6459: 6446: 6430: 6426: 6421: 6420: 6410: 6408: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6366: 6351: 6350: 6346: 6338: 6334: 6316: 6315: 6311: 6295: 6294: 6290: 6276: 6275: 6271: 6266: 6262: 6252: 6250: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6225:"Lumea Magazin" 6223: 6222: 6218: 6208: 6206: 6201: 6200: 6196: 6186: 6184: 6177: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6161: 6146: 6145: 6141: 6135:Wayback Machine 6126: 6122: 6108: 6107: 6103: 6093: 6091: 6087: 6080: 6076: 6075: 6071: 6065:Wayback Machine 6055: 6051: 6038: 6037: 6033: 6019: 6017: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5984: 5982: 5977: 5976: 5972: 5962: 5960: 5952: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5930: 5929: 5925: 5915: 5913: 5906: 5902: 5901: 5897: 5887: 5885: 5878: 5874: 5873: 5869: 5859: 5857: 5850: 5846: 5845: 5841: 5833: 5829: 5815: 5814: 5810: 5800: 5798: 5789: 5788: 5784: 5776: 5765: 5760: 5756: 5749: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5716: 5701: 5700: 5696: 5689: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5664: 5660: 5650: 5635: 5634: 5630: 5625: 5621: 5607: 5606: 5602: 5589: 5588: 5584: 5570: 5569: 5565: 5558: 5539: 5538: 5534: 5518: 5513: 5512: 5508: 5500: 5496: 5488: 5481: 5467: 5466: 5462: 5454: 5445: 5437: 5428: 5420: 5413: 5405: 5401: 5393: 5389: 5381: 5377: 5369: 5362: 5354: 5350: 5342: 5335: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5316: 5312: 5307: 5303: 5295: 5291: 5283: 5276: 5232: 5231: 5227: 5188: 5187: 5168: 5158: 5157: 5153: 5145: 5141: 5135:Winnifrith 2002 5133: 5124: 5078: 5077: 5073: 5067:Winnifrith 1987 5065: 5058: 5050: 5043: 5038: 5034: 5026: 5015: 5007: 5003: 4997:Winnifrith 1987 4995: 4986: 4976: 4974: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4948: 4947: 4943: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4911: 4910: 4906: 4900:Winnifrith 2002 4898: 4889: 4878: 4863: 4862: 4858: 4848: 4846: 4837: 4836: 4832: 4822: 4820: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4789: 4788: 4784: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4741: 4736: 4735: 4731: 4719: 4712: 4711: 4707: 4697: 4683: 4682: 4678: 4670: 4661: 4651: 4649: 4641: 4640: 4633: 4628:(3–4): 255–285. 4617: 4612: 4611: 4607: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4586: 4576: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4565: 4558: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4525: 4514: 4509:Wayback Machine 4498:Wayback Machine 4484: 4477: 4467: 4466: 4462: 4449:(in Romanian). 4442: 4437: 4436: 4432: 4425: 4406: 4405: 4401: 4396: 4379: 4372: 4369: 4360: 4353: 4344: 4338: 4329: 4322: 4313: 4264: 4211:Sterie Diamandi 4196:Sotiris Bletsas 4192: 4155: 4075:Vladan Đorđević 4069:Michael Dukakis 4045:Yannis Boutaris 4021:Apostol Arsache 4017: 4008:Mitre the Vlach 3950: 3899:Theodoros Modis 3865: 3856:Manaki brothers 3772:Branislav Nušić 3748:Dimitrios Lalas 3718:Konstantin Čomu 3690: 3625: 3614: 3608: 3605: 3590: 3574: 3563: 3557: 3517: 3511: 3481:. They live in 3472:Vladan Đorđević 3468:Branislav Nušić 3435: 3429: 3399:North Macedonia 3352: 3346: 3282: 3268: 3262: 3232:) 1,020 (20%), 3119: 3115: 3113: 3109: 3107: 3103: 3101: 3080: 3074: 3062:ethnic minority 3035:Margarita Xhepa 2964: 2960: 2958: 2954: 2952: 2945: 2939: 2931:Sotiris Bletsas 2655: 2649: 2644: 2620: 2591: 2583: 2577: 2566: 2564:Aromanian music 2560: 2530: 2524: 2493: 2487: 2482: 2472:) areas and in 2450:Istro-Romanians 2424: 2335:Austria-Hungary 2293:Vladan Đorđević 2178: 2172: 2160:Albanian tribes 2052:Manaki Brothers 2043: 2037: 1999: 1991: 1985: 1978: 1970: 1962: 1954: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1916: 1910: 1905: 1899: 1893: 1887: 1881: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1847: 1842: 1836: 1830: 1824: 1818: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1778: 1772: 1766: 1760: 1754: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1720: 1715: 1709: 1703: 1698: 1692: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1663: 1657: 1652: 1646: 1640: 1634: 1628: 1514: 1504: 1480: 1476: 1469: 1467:Genetic studies 1443: 1399: 1375: 1371: 1364: 1217: 1211: 1206: 1146:North Macedonia 1111: 999: 979:western Balkans 957:North Macedonia 894:Fara Armãneascã 831: 826: 820: 776:Eastern Romance 772:Common Romanian 718:North Macedonia 670: 641: 640: 636:Istro-Romanians 614: 606: 605: 566: 556: 555: 539: 531: 530: 501: 490: 489: 455: 445: 444: 400: 390: 389: 370:North Macedonia 350: 287:Istro-Romanians 284: 255: 224: 222: 221: 215:(2014 estimate) 199: 197: 196: 174: 172: 171: 156:North Macedonia 149: 147: 146: 140:(2006 estimate) 124: 122: 121: 98: 96: 95: 69: 53: 37: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7608: 7606: 7598: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7537: 7536: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7515: 7514: 7503: 7501: 7500:Related groups 7497: 7496: 7494: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7422: 7420: 7414: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7407: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7355: 7353: 7347: 7346: 7344: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7307: 7305: 7296: 7292: 7291: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7253: 7251: 7245: 7244: 7242: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7201: 7200: 7192: 7191: 7190: 7180: 7168: 7167: 7166: 7161: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7114: 7109: 7103: 7097: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7087: 7086: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7051: 7050: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7024: 7022: 7018: 7017: 7015: 7014: 7009: 7008: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6989: 6988: 6987: 6979: 6978: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6961: 6960: 6955: 6954: 6953: 6938: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6914: 6912: 6906: 6905: 6898: 6896: 6894: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6880: 6879: 6878: 6868: 6864: 6862: 6856: 6855: 6843: 6841: 6840: 6833: 6826: 6818: 6812: 6811: 6797: 6796:External links 6794: 6793: 6792: 6774: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6738: 6732: 6715: 6709: 6694: 6688: 6673: 6654: 6648: 6631: 6620: 6610:on 28 May 2015 6589: 6578: 6551: 6549:(11): 541–550. 6538: 6525: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6508: 6496:, ed. (1991). 6490: 6473: 6457: 6444: 6437: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6371: 6364: 6344: 6342:, p. 163. 6332: 6309: 6288: 6269: 6260: 6234: 6216: 6194: 6166: 6159: 6139: 6120: 6115:Calendaru 2011 6101: 6069: 6049: 6031: 5992: 5970: 5941: 5923: 5895: 5867: 5839: 5837:, p. 217. 5827: 5822:Deutsche Welle 5808: 5782: 5780:, p. 155. 5763: 5754: 5747: 5721: 5714: 5694: 5687: 5667: 5658: 5648: 5628: 5619: 5616:(in Romanian). 5600: 5582: 5579:(in Romanian). 5563: 5556: 5532: 5525:(in Italian). 5506: 5494: 5492:, p. 152. 5479: 5476:(in Romanian). 5460: 5458:, p. 151. 5443: 5441:, p. 149. 5426: 5424:, p. 148. 5411: 5399: 5397:, p. 150. 5387: 5375: 5373:, p. 147. 5360: 5348: 5346:, p. 146. 5333: 5319: 5310: 5301: 5289: 5274: 5225: 5166: 5151: 5149:, p. 205. 5139: 5137:, p. 114. 5122: 5091:(4): 115–116. 5071: 5056: 5054:, p. 210. 5041: 5032: 5030:, p. 209. 5013: 5001: 4984: 4959: 4941: 4924: 4904: 4902:, p. 115. 4887: 4876: 4856: 4830: 4818:Britannica.com 4805: 4782: 4771:(4): 212–219. 4751: 4729: 4705: 4695: 4676: 4674:, p. 145. 4659: 4645:(in Serbian). 4631: 4605: 4584: 4556: 4531: 4529:, p. 153. 4512: 4475: 4460: 4430: 4423: 4417:. p. 38. 4398: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4390: 4385: 4378: 4375: 4374: 4373: 4370: 4363: 4361: 4354: 4347: 4345: 4339: 4332: 4330: 4323: 4316: 4312: 4309: 4308: 4307: 4301: 4295: 4289: 4283: 4282:—tennis player 4277: 4271: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4256:Nicolae Malaxa 4253: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4233: 4231:Theodore Modis 4228: 4223: 4221:Jovan Karamata 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4186: 4180: 4174: 4168: 4162: 4154: 4151: 4150: 4149: 4143: 4140:Andreas Tzimas 4137: 4131: 4125: 4122:Georgios Modis 4119: 4113: 4107: 4101: 4096: 4090: 4084: 4078: 4072: 4066: 4060: 4054: 4048: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4011: 4010:—revolutionary 4005: 3999: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3969: 3968:—revolutionary 3963: 3957: 3956:—revolutionary 3949: 3946: 3945: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3917:Georgios Sinas 3914: 3908: 3902: 3896: 3893:Mocioni family 3890: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3869:George Averoff 3864: 3861: 3860: 3859: 3853: 3847: 3841: 3835: 3829: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3805: 3799: 3793: 3787: 3781: 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3724:Elena Gheorghe 3721: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3689: 3686: 3656:George Averoff 3627: 3626: 3577: 3575: 3568: 3559:Main article: 3556: 3553: 3513:Main article: 3510: 3507: 3431:Main article: 3428: 3425: 3405:in Greece and 3369:, part of the 3348:Main article: 3345: 3342: 3318:King Ferdinand 3264:Main article: 3261: 3258: 3252:) 238 (1.4%), 3114: 3108: 3102: 3087:Ioryi Mucitano 3076:Main article: 3073: 3070: 3047:Nikolla Zoraqi 2959: 2953: 2941:Main article: 2938: 2935: 2734:George Averoff 2651:Main article: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2619: 2616: 2590: 2587: 2579:Main article: 2576: 2573: 2562:Main article: 2559: 2556: 2526:Main article: 2523: 2520: 2501:Saint Nicholas 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2446:Greek diaspora 2423: 2420: 2404:Andreas Tzimas 2354:Gustav Weigand 2349:Ottoman Empire 2250:Greek alphabet 2174:Main article: 2171: 2168: 2136:Bogumil Hrabak 2039:Main article: 2036: 2033: 2025:Haplogroup R1b 2020: 2019: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2004: 1996: 1988: 1983: 1975: 1967: 1959: 1951: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1914: 1908: 1903: 1897: 1891: 1885: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1845: 1840: 1834: 1828: 1822: 1816: 1813: 1809: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1787: 1781: 1776: 1770: 1764: 1758: 1752: 1749: 1745: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1718: 1713: 1707: 1701: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1632: 1626: 1623: 1615: 1614: 1613:Other (Y-DNA) 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1558: 1552: 1551: 1510:Main article: 1506: 1505: 1483: 1481: 1474: 1468: 1465: 1442: 1439: 1434:archaeological 1401: 1400: 1378: 1376: 1369: 1363: 1360: 1213:Main article: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1196:(from Turkish 1188:("Vlach") and 1156:(also spelled 1142: 1141: 1138:Arvanitovlachs 1134: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1083: 1063: 1062: 1048: 1026: 998: 995: 975:historiography 945:Daco-Romanians 908:, in Greek as 851:Gustav Weigand 830: 827: 822:Main article: 819: 816: 672: 671: 669: 668: 661: 654: 646: 643: 642: 639: 638: 633: 628: 627: 626: 615: 613:Related groups 612: 611: 608: 607: 604: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 578: 573: 567: 562: 561: 558: 557: 554: 553: 552: 551: 540: 537: 536: 533: 532: 529: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 502: 496: 495: 492: 491: 488: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 456: 451: 450: 447: 446: 443: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 401: 396: 395: 392: 391: 388: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 357: 351: 348: 347: 344: 343: 342: 341: 334: 324: 323: 315: 314: 308: 307: 299: 298: 285:(most notably 276: 275: 271: 270: 266:Predominantly 263: 262: 258: 257: 248: 247: 243: 242: 234: 218: 217: 209: 193: 192: 184: 168: 167: 159: 143: 142: 134: 118: 117: 108: 92: 91: 87: 86: 76: 75: 71: 70: 63: 55: 54: 35: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7607: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7542: 7540: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7509: 7508: 7505: 7504: 7502: 7498: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7461:Gheorghe Hagi 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7419: 7415: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7348: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7300: 7297: 7293: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7254: 7252: 7250: 7249:Organizations 7246: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7229: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7199: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7189: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7179: 7178: 7174: 7173: 7172: 7169: 7165: 7164:Codex Dimonie 7162: 7160: 7157: 7156: 7155: 7152: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7119: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7104: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7092: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7045: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7025: 7023: 7019: 7013: 7010: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6992: 6991:World War II 6990: 6986: 6983: 6982: 6980: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6959: 6956: 6952: 6949: 6948: 6947: 6944: 6943: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6931: 6929: 6928:Great Vlachia 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6911: 6907: 6902: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6881: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6872: 6869: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6839: 6834: 6832: 6827: 6825: 6820: 6819: 6816: 6809: 6804: 6800: 6799: 6795: 6789: 6788: 6780: 6775: 6763: 6759: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6746: 6742: 6735: 6729: 6725: 6721: 6716: 6712: 6706: 6703:. Duckworth. 6702: 6701: 6695: 6691: 6685: 6682:. Duckworth. 6681: 6680: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6661: 6655: 6651: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6632: 6628: 6627: 6621: 6606: 6602: 6595: 6590: 6586: 6585: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6560:Res Historica 6557: 6552: 6548: 6544: 6539: 6536:(3): 252–260. 6535: 6531: 6526: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6505: 6501: 6500: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6474: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6445: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6429: 6428: 6423: 6406: 6402: 6398: 6394: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6375: 6372: 6367: 6365:9786155211669 6361: 6357: 6356: 6348: 6345: 6341: 6336: 6333: 6328: 6324: 6320: 6313: 6310: 6306:(in Serbian). 6305: 6304: 6299: 6292: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6280: 6273: 6270: 6264: 6261: 6248: 6244: 6238: 6235: 6230: 6226: 6220: 6217: 6204: 6198: 6195: 6182: 6178: 6170: 6167: 6162: 6156: 6152: 6151: 6143: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6129: 6124: 6121: 6116: 6112: 6105: 6102: 6086: 6079: 6073: 6070: 6066: 6062: 6059: 6053: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6035: 6032: 6028: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5996: 5993: 5980: 5974: 5971: 5958: 5951: 5945: 5942: 5937: 5933: 5927: 5924: 5911: 5907: 5899: 5896: 5883: 5879: 5871: 5868: 5855: 5851: 5843: 5840: 5836: 5831: 5828: 5823: 5820:(in German). 5819: 5812: 5809: 5796: 5792: 5786: 5783: 5779: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5764: 5758: 5755: 5750: 5748:9780822326526 5744: 5740: 5735: 5734: 5725: 5722: 5717: 5715:9780313308130 5711: 5707: 5706: 5698: 5695: 5690: 5688:9780313342967 5684: 5680: 5679: 5671: 5668: 5662: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5645: 5641: 5640: 5632: 5629: 5623: 5620: 5615: 5611: 5604: 5601: 5596: 5592: 5586: 5583: 5578: 5574: 5567: 5564: 5559: 5557:9783205780908 5553: 5549: 5548:Böhlau Verlag 5545: 5544: 5536: 5533: 5528: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5507: 5503: 5498: 5495: 5491: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5475: 5471: 5464: 5461: 5457: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5435: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5418: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5403: 5400: 5396: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5379: 5376: 5372: 5367: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5352: 5349: 5345: 5340: 5338: 5334: 5329: 5323: 5320: 5314: 5311: 5305: 5302: 5298: 5293: 5290: 5286: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5270: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5245:(1): 95–101. 5244: 5240: 5236: 5229: 5226: 5221: 5217: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5167: 5162: 5155: 5152: 5148: 5143: 5140: 5136: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5075: 5072: 5069:, p. 39. 5068: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5005: 5002: 4999:, p. 35. 4998: 4993: 4991: 4989: 4985: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4960: 4955: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4938: 4927: 4921: 4917: 4916: 4908: 4905: 4901: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4879: 4877:9780198865704 4873: 4869: 4868: 4860: 4857: 4844: 4840: 4834: 4831: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4802:(3): 141–152. 4801: 4797: 4793: 4786: 4783: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4755: 4752: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4730: 4725: 4718: 4717: 4709: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4692: 4688: 4687: 4680: 4677: 4673: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4660: 4648: 4644: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4627: 4623: 4616: 4609: 4606: 4601: 4594: 4588: 4585: 4569: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4552: 4548: 4547: 4542: 4535: 4532: 4528: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4513: 4510: 4506: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4492: 4488: 4485:According to 4482: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4464: 4461: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4441: 4434: 4431: 4426: 4424:9781610699549 4420: 4416: 4412: 4411: 4403: 4400: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4380: 4376: 4367: 4362: 4358: 4351: 4346: 4343: 4336: 4331: 4327: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4296: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4286:Cristian Gaţu 4284: 4281: 4278: 4275: 4272: 4269: 4268:Gheorghe Hagi 4266: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4226:Mina Minovici 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4216:Neagu Djuvara 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4201:Elie Carafoli 4199: 4197: 4194: 4193: 4189: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4177:Andrei Șaguna 4175: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4147: 4146:Petros Zappas 4144: 4141: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4081:Rigas Feraios 4079: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4057:Ion Caramitru 4055: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4018: 4014: 4009: 4006: 4004:—army officer 4003: 4000: 3998:—army officer 3997: 3994: 3992:—army officer 3991: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3980:—army officer 3979: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3961: 3958: 3955: 3952: 3951: 3947: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3881:Emanoil Gojdu 3879: 3876: 3873: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3862: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3838:Albert Vërria 3836: 3833: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3791: 3790:Aurel Plasari 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3761: 3758: 3755: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3732:—icon painter 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3685: 3679: 3675: 3668: 3664: 3658:, businessman 3657: 3653: 3647: 3646:Gheorghe Hagi 3643: 3637: 3633: 3623: 3620: 3612: 3609:December 2020 3602: 3598: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3578:This section 3576: 3572: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3525:United States 3522: 3516: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3479:Serb identity 3475: 3474:(1844–1930). 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3460:Konda Bimbaša 3457: 3453: 3449: 3448:Alija Gušanac 3445: 3441: 3434: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3359: 3357: 3351: 3343: 3341: 3339: 3334: 3330: 3328: 3322: 3319: 3315: 3310: 3308: 3304: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3267: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3200:; Macedonian 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3177: 3174: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3125: 3098: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3079: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3063: 3058: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3039:Albert Vërria 3036: 3032: 3028: 3023: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3004: 2999: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2972: 2949: 2944: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2886:In 1997, the 2884: 2881: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2714:Rigas Feraios 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2671: 2667: 2659: 2654: 2646: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2628:Gheorghe Hagi 2625: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2600: 2595: 2588: 2586: 2582: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2565: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2548:Mediterranean 2545: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2513: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2484: 2479: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2453: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2421: 2419: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2390:, during the 2389: 2385: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2355: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2341: 2336: 2332: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2301:Andrei Şaguna 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2242: 2241:lingua franca 2237: 2233: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2219: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2206: 2198: 2193: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2140:Marian Wenzel 2137: 2132: 2131: 2125: 2120: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2101:Great Vlachia 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2077: 2072: 2068: 2067: 2062: 2054: 2053: 2047: 2042: 2034: 2032: 2030: 2026: 2018: 2017:2.88% (6/208) 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2003: 1997: 1995: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1976: 1974: 1968: 1966: 1960: 1958: 1952: 1950: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1915: 1909: 1904: 1898: 1892: 1886: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1846: 1841: 1835: 1829: 1823: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1810: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1777: 1771: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1746: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1719: 1714: 1708: 1702: 1697: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1684: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1617: 1616: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1555: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1540: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1513: 1502: 1497: 1493: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1473: 1472: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1440: 1435: 1432: 1428: 1423: 1416: 1412: 1407: 1397: 1392: 1388: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1368: 1367: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1283: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1208: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1139: 1135: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1115: 1114: 1108: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1094:grammostianoi 1091: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1051:Moscopolitans 1049: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1020: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1004: 996: 994: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 933: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 870: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 828: 825: 817: 815: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 756: 754: 750: 746: 741: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 667: 662: 660: 655: 653: 648: 647: 645: 644: 637: 634: 632: 629: 625: 622: 621: 620: 617: 616: 610: 609: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 577: 576:Great Vlachia 574: 572: 569: 568: 565: 560: 559: 550: 547: 546: 545: 542: 541: 535: 534: 527: 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 503: 499: 494: 493: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 457: 454: 449: 448: 441: 438: 436: 433: 431: 428: 426: 423: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 406: 403: 402: 399: 394: 393: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 352: 346: 345: 340: 339: 335: 333: 332: 328: 327: 326: 325: 321: 317: 316: 313: 309: 305: 304: 296: 292: 288: 282: 277: 272: 269: 264: 259: 253: 249: 244: 240:(2022 census) 238: 235: 232: 219: 213: 210: 207: 194: 190:(2023 census) 188: 185: 182: 169: 165:(2021 census) 163: 160: 157: 144: 138: 135: 132: 119: 114:(1951 census) 112: 109: 106: 93: 88: 84: 77: 72: 67: 61: 56: 52: 48: 43: 34: 30: 26: 22: 7466:Simona Halep 7441:Toma Caragiu 7304:distribution 7302:Geographical 7226: 7185: 7175: 6981:World War I 6975:Ullah millet 6932:Ottoman era 6876:Koutsovlachs 6851: 6785: 6766:. 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Retrieved 4551:the original 4544: 4534: 4491:Eurominority 4489:– quoted by 4463: 4450: 4446: 4433: 4409: 4402: 4383:Thraco-Roman 4359:, circa 1914 4280:Simona Halep 4246:George Murnu 3907:—businessman 3905:Sterjo Nakov 3858:—film makers 3814:Sandër Prosi 3808:Toše Proeski 3712:Toma Caragiu 3683: 3636:Simona Halep 3615: 3606: 3591:Please help 3579: 3518: 3502: 3476: 3451: 3443: 3439: 3436: 3420: 3419:, and 1,551 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409:in Albania. 3360: 3353: 3335: 3331: 3326: 3323: 3311: 3269: 3249: 3246:Sveti Nikole 3237: 3229: 3221: 3214: 3201: 3178: 3141: 3137: 3129: 3126: 3122: 3059: 3049:and singers 3024: 3011: 3007: 2976: 2967: 2923: 2912: 2885: 2877: 2874: 2869: 2866:Thessaloniki 2861: 2853: 2841: 2833: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2809: 2801: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2778:Prespa Lakes 2751: 2693: 2689: 2675: 2624:Simona Halep 2621: 2604: 2584: 2567: 2542: 2509: 2469: 2461: 2454: 2427: 2425: 2388:World War II 2377: 2358: 2345:Ullah millet 2338: 2331:Great Powers 2328: 2305: 2265: 2254: 2239: 2231: 2225: 2215: 2209: 2202: 2185:Transhumance 2147: 2146:in his work 2144:Arthur Evans 2121: 2074: 2071:Anna Komnene 2064: 2058: 2051: 2023: 2016: 1998: 1990: 1977: 1969: 1961: 1953: 1938: 1518:Bosch et al. 1517: 1515: 1500: 1489: 1457:Jireček Line 1451: 1447:Vulgar Latin 1444: 1427:Jireček Line 1411:Roman Empire 1395: 1384: 1326: 1318: 1284: 1279: 1263: 1247: 1229: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1178:Macedoromâni 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1143: 1137: 1130: 1126: 1119:Koutsovlachs 1118: 1112: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1055:Moscopoleans 1054: 1050: 1044: 1032: 1028: 1018: 1012: 1011: 1005:, expert on 1000: 934: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 885: 881: 873: 871: 866: 855:Die Aromunen 854: 846: 842: 838: 834: 832: 788:Romanization 780:Vulgar Latin 766:, which has 757: 742: 690:ethnic group 677: 675: 586:Ullah millet 571:Romanization 521:National day 500:and identity 336: 329: 311: 79: 50: 46: 36:Ethnic group 33: 7486:Nuși Tulliu 7351:Settlements 7182:Newspapers 6886:Macedonians 6614:16 November 6461:Kahl, Thede 6395:: 222–223. 6067:, p. 12-13. 6006:www.ecmi.de 5916:21 February 5888:21 February 5860:21 February 5801:21 February 5591:"Armânamea" 5529:(1): 85–90. 5147:Tanner 2004 5052:Tanner 2004 5028:Tanner 2004 5009:Tanner 2004 4972:Mek.niif.hu 4573:. p. 8 4236:Yorgo Modis 4142:—politician 4136:—politician 4118:—politician 4095:—politician 4089:—politician 4071:—politician 4065:—politician 4039:Marko Bello 3925:—benefactor 3911:Simon Sinas 3875:Gigi Becali 3832:Nuși Tulliu 3820:Camil Ressu 3754:Taško Načić 3736:Stere Gulea 3667:Simon Sinas 3499:2022 census 3417:Cutzovlachs 3344:In Bulgaria 3283: [ 3254:Kisela Voda 3248:(Aromanian 3236:(Aromanian 3228:(Aromanian 3220:(Aromanian 3136:(Aromanian 3043:Prokop Mima 2868:(Aromanian 2860:(Aromanian 2852:(Aromanian 2840:(Aromanian 2832:(Aromanian 2816:(Aromanian 2808:(Aromanian 2800:(Aromanian 2784:(Aromanian 2468:(Aromanian 2460:(Aromanian 2380:World War I 2369:Balkan Wars 2312:autocephaly 2138:(1956) and 2124:Herzegovina 2091:in eastern 1560:Sample size 1549:haplogroups 1417:(r. 98–117) 1409:Map of the 1351:Serbianized 1327:Bubushtitsa 1325:(Aromanian 1317:(Aromanian 1278:(Aromanian 1262:(Aromanian 1256:Gjirokastër 1246:(Aromanian 1209:Settlements 1090:Gramosteans 1086:Gramustians 1043:(Aromanian 1039:, from the 969:"Ulahlar", 814:in origin. 526:Nationalism 212:2,000–3,000 7545:Aromanians 7539:Categories 7295:Population 6867:Aromanians 6852:Aromanians 6808:Aromanians 6488:: 205–219. 6455:: 133–148. 6187:15 January 5955:(Report). 5577:Fanatik.ro 5474:ActiveNews 4777:1301510711 4722:(Thesis). 4546:Cotidianul 4394:References 4274:Ianis Hagi 4161:—patriarch 3887:Petar Ičko 3844:Lika Yanko 3373:after the 3260:In Romania 3250:San Nicole 3244:656 (1%), 3160:) and the 2989:Ayiu Sutir 2937:In Albania 2794:San Marina 2608:Fustanella 2575:Literature 2499:Church of 2489:See also: 2365:exarchists 2269:chameleons 2246:Hellenized 2232:Rum millet 2227:Rum millet 1622:, Albania 1431:epigraphic 1339:Christians 1331:Montenegro 1323:Boboshticë 1282:) (1987). 1252:Andon Poçi 1204:Population 1033:Fãrsherots 1029:Fãrshãrots 1019:Muzãchiars 1003:Thede Kahl 941:Meglenites 786:after the 782:spoken by 696:who speak 678:Aromanians 475:Literature 470:Folk dance 312:Aromanians 40:Aromanians 7512:Moldovans 7507:Romanians 7456:Pitu Guli 7394:Moscopole 7384:Malovište 7369:Constanța 6965:Armatoles 6891:Tsintsars 6401:2450-3177 6340:Kahl 2002 6321:: 28–30. 6253:9 January 6020:17 August 5963:24 August 5936:eblul.org 5835:Kahl 2003 5778:Kahl 2002 5595:Europeada 5502:Kahl 2003 5490:Kahl 2002 5456:Kahl 2002 5439:Kahl 2002 5422:Kahl 2002 5407:Kahl 2002 5395:Kahl 2002 5383:Kahl 2002 5371:Kahl 2002 5356:Kahl 2002 5344:Kahl 2002 5113:154461762 5105:1527-1935 4977:9 January 4823:9 January 4672:Kahl 2002 4602:(INSTAT). 4527:Kahl 2002 4455:Bucharest 4357:Macedonia 4087:Taki Fiti 3954:Pitu Guli 3941:Toma Fila 3889:—merchant 3742:Kira Hagi 3580:does not 3491:Knjaževac 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