2779:
235:
619:, and primarily eat roots, tubers, and bulbs. They are even able to pull smaller plants underground by their roots, without having to leave their burrows, enabling them to eat leaves, stems, and other parts of the plant that would otherwise be inaccessible. Blesmols burrow in search of food, and the great majority of their tunnel complex consists of these foraging burrows, surrounding a smaller number of storage areas, nests, and latrine chambers.
2755:
215:
2767:
36:
2499:
522:) are not blind, as commonly believed, and will actively avoid blue or green-yellow light. They do not appear able to detect the presence of red light, and can probably not distinguish between different colours. The ability to sense the presence of light is probably useful in allowing them to detect breaches in their tunnel systems and repair them promptly.
2743:
622:
Most species breed only once or twice during the year, although some breed all year round. They generally have small litters of two to five young, perhaps because their environment is sufficiently safe that they do not need to rapidly replace their population as many other rodents do. However, some
538:
muscle which is responsible for the powerful bite of the anterior portion of the mouth. The incisors of blesmols are projected forward and protrude from the mouth even when the mouth is closed. This condition allows the animals to burrow with their teeth without getting dirt in their mouths. The
509:
The eyes of blesmols are structurally normal, despite their relatively small size, and include normal light-sensitive cells. However, the visual centres of their brains are reduced in certain respects, especially in those centres concerned with localising objects in the visual field. Research has
533:
dig primarily with their feet, restricting them to soft, sandy soil. Dune blesmols aside, some species have been reported to be able to extend their burrows by an inch (2.5 cm (0.98 in)) into the walls of concrete enclosures. Their unique skull shape is associated with delivering sheer
502:) velvety fur. Blesmols have very poor vision, although they may use the surfaces of their eyes for sensing air currents. Despite their small or absent pinnae, they have a good sense of hearing, although their most important sense appears to be that of
490:-like animals with cylindrical bodies and short limbs. They range from 9 to 30 cm (3.5 to 11.8 in) in length, and from 30 to 1,800 g (1.1 to 63.5 oz) in weight, depending on the species. Blesmols, like many other
631:
The
Bathyergidae are monophyletic, with all taxa tracing back to a single common ancestor. Although there is some controversy, the closest living relatives of the blesmols appear to be other African hystricognaths in the families
612:
mammals, the other being the naked mole rat. These species are characterized by having a single reproductively active male and female in a colony where the remaining animals are sterile.
1257:
Faulkes, CG; Verheyen, E; Verheyen, W; Jarvis, JUM; Bennett, NC (2004). "Phylogeographical patterns of genetic divergence and speciation in
African mole-rats (Family: Bathyergidae)".
647:
At present 21 species of blesmols from 5 genera are accepted, but this number is likely to increase. Like other fossorial rodents such as pocket gophers, tuco-tucos, and
615:
These animals prefer loose, sandy soils and are often associated with arid habitats. They rarely come to the surface, spending their entire life underground. Blesmols are
1072:
Bishop, J.M.; Jarvis, J.U.; Spinks, A.C.; Bennett, N.C.; O'Ryan, C. (2004). "Molecular insight into patterns of colony composition and paternity in the common-mole rat
2930:
506:. Like other rodents, they have an excellent sense of smell, and they are also able to close their nostrils during digging to prevent them from clogging with dirt.
2969:
1980:
600:
Blesmols live in elaborate burrow systems and different species exhibit varying degrees of sociality. Most species are solitary, but one species, the
3048:
2904:
2943:
1247:
Numbers of species and genera from the preceding sources have been adjusted to reflect the removal of
Heterocephalus to family Heterocephalidae.
2390:
1461:
Mitgutsch, C., Richardson, M. K., Jiménez, R., Martin, J. E., Kondrashov, P., de, B. M. A., & Sánchez-Villagra, M. R. (January 1, 2012).
1377:
1352:
1495:
1144:
997:
957:
119:
3043:
2700:
1456:
3038:
2961:
1973:
57:
2948:
1445:
McKenna, M.C. and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of
Mammals above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York.
895:
518:
234:
2956:
2865:
2466:
734:
331:
100:
752:
1392:
Retrieved June 24, 2024, from the
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) on-line database, www.itis.gov, CC0
72:
2733:
2618:
2446:
2974:
1163:
Ingram, CM; Burda, H; Honeycutt, RL (2004). "Molecular
Phylogenetics and Taxonomy of the African Mole-Rats, Genus
2383:
1966:
1462:
640:(dassie rats). Together these three living families along with their fossil relatives represent the infraorder
2413:
851:
79:
53:
1452:
588:
muscle shows only minimal passage through the infraorbital foramen leading most authorities to consider them
2676:
2471:
1958:
1209:
Kock, D; Ingram, CM; Frabotta, LJ; Honeycutt, RL; Burda, H (2006). "On the
Nomenclature of Bathyergidae and
46:
623:
species have much larger litters, averaging twelve young in the naked mole rat, and sometimes much larger.
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86:
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2188:
2149:
2141:
1266:
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1026:
585:
581:
503:
2251:
859:
539:
number of cheek teeth varies greatly between species, an unusual feature among rodents, so that the
68:
2716:
2426:
2205:
2182:
2157:
1872:
1819:
1310:"A newly recognized family from the Horn of Africa, the Heterocephalidae (Rodentia: Ctenohystrica)"
601:
222:
2078:
1713:
1448:
Nowak, R. M. 1999. Walker's
Mammals of the World, Vol. 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, London.
1290:
1109:
921:
913:
795:
708:
572:
The skull morphology of blesmols sets them apart from all other rodents. As with all members of
447:
423:
229:
2689:
1136:
989:
982:
3000:
2833:
1439:
1342:
2982:
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1373:
1348:
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1140:
1101:
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993:
953:
827:
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2165:
2133:
1541:
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1418:
1321:
1274:
1230:
1222:
1180:
1093:
1044:
1034:
843:
835:
803:
680:
679:, held that position, more recent investigation has placed that genus in a separate family,
589:
512:
2754:
2663:
2486:
2451:
2436:
2431:
2101:
1750:
1567:
819:
787:
779:
495:
1270:
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1030:
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2196:
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1936:
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771:
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648:
577:
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499:
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2783:
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1944:
1896:
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633:
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172:
93:
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1403:
1294:
1113:
2694:
2586:
2418:
2051:
1928:
1644:
1551:
887:
811:
637:
378:
214:
1015:"Light Perception in Two Strictly Subterranean Rodents: Life in the Dark or Blue?"
659:
forms and genetically distinct races. Some studies have suggested that the genus
2883:
1039:
2917:
2827:
2592:
2528:
2513:
2481:
2399:
1862:
1811:
1184:
459:
147:
35:
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2612:
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1920:
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1829:
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1705:
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1226:
905:
661:
656:
652:
641:
530:
435:
388:
325:
317:
296:
192:
157:
2818:
2605:
2600:
2538:
2476:
2092:
1912:
1774:
1766:
1680:
1673:
1657:
1404:"A new species of mole-rat (Rodentia, Bathyergidae) from the Horn of Africa"
718:
700:
616:
549:
540:
491:
431:
368:
348:
246:
197:
17:
1286:
1192:
1105:
1058:
1368:
Don E. Wilson; Thomas E. Lacher Jr.; Russell A. Mittermeier, eds. (2016).
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2543:
2017:
2011:
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rapidly. They become geographically isolated easily, leading to various
609:
526:
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266:
187:
182:
167:
162:
152:
2626:
2565:
2124:
1737:
1234:
764:
415:
358:
202:
177:
1326:
1309:
2922:
2523:
2023:
2005:
1636:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1370:
Handbook of the
Mammals of the World Volume 6: Lagomorphs and Rodents
467:
455:
451:
286:
276:
256:
2909:
2789:
498:, a relatively short tail, loose skin, and (aside from the hairless
948:
Tchernov, Eitan (1984). Martin, Paul S.; Klein, Richard G. (eds.).
2742:
1803:
1453:
Social
Structure Predicts Genital Morphology in African Mole-Rats.
1888:
592:. They are therefore the only protrogomorphous hystricognaths.
2793:
2372:
1962:
1477:
1463:
Circumventing the polydactyly 'constraint': the mole's 'thumb'.
2518:
2368:
29:
2896:
1451:
Seney ML, Kelly DA, Goldman BD, Šumbera R, Forger NG (2009)
1347:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. p. 224.
669:-most lineage; while many researchers had posited that the
1455:
PLoS ONE 4(10): e7477. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007477.
1344:
The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals, Second Edition
580:, but, unlike their relatives, they have a highly reduced
1586:(Squirrels, chipmunks, marmots, susliks and prairie dogs)
2731:
1013:
Kott, O.; et al. (2010). Iwaniuk, Andrew (ed.).
2802:
2656:
2635:
2506:
2406:
2328:
2319:
2292:
2269:
2122:
2090:
2059:
2050:
1786:
1749:
1656:
1595:
1550:
980:Jarvis, Jennifer U.M. (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.).
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1128:
981:
1708:(Zokors, bamboo rats, mole rats, blind mole rats)
529:and, to a lesser extent, the foreclaws, although
950:Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution
454:forms are also restricted almost exclusively to
525:Most blesmol species dig using their powerful
2384:
1974:
1489:
8:
952:. University of Arizona Press. p. 537.
510:shown that at least two species of blesmol (
422:. They represent a distinct evolution of a
494:mammals, have greatly reduced eyes and ear
2790:
2391:
2377:
2369:
2325:
2056:
1981:
1967:
1959:
1496:
1482:
1474:
1440:The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals
1158:
1156:
213:
133:
1372:. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 312.
1325:
1314:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
1204:
1202:
1048:
1038:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
545:
2738:
940:
1683:(Jerboas, jumping mice and birch mice)
1402:Gippoliti, S. & Amori, G. (2011).
1131:Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide
446:Modern blesmols are found strictly in
1647:(Kangaroo rats and mice, pocket mice)
1308:Patterson, B.D.; Upham, N.S. (2014).
1173:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
975:
973:
971:
969:
474:has been found in fossil deposits of
345:
7:
988:. New York: Facts on File. pp.
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1135:. New York: Facts on File. p.
1127:Savage, RJG & Long, MR (1986).
470:. Nowak (1999) also reports that †
458:, although a few specimens of the
25:
1442:. Academic Press Limited, London.
1074:Cryptomys hottentotus hottentotus
3049:Extant Miocene first appearances
2777:
2765:
2753:
2741:
2497:
1279:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2004.02099.x
1098:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02131.x
233:
34:
2701:Sociobiology: The New Synthesis
2306:(Heliophobius argenteocinereus)
45:needs additional citations for
1:
1724:(Malagasy rats and relatives)
896:Heliophobius argenteocinereus
519:Heliophobius argenteocinereus
1923:(Spiny rats, coypus, hutias)
1465:Biology Letters, 8, 1, 74–7.
1040:10.1371/journal.pone.0011810
426:among rodents much like the
2467:Sexual selection in insects
1947:(Chinchillas and viscachas)
1740:(House mouse and relatives)
1185:10.1016/j.ympev.2003.11.004
984:The Encyclopedia of Mammals
3065:
2619:Austroplatypus incompertus
2447:Identity in social insects
2245:(Fukomys vandewoestijneae)
2237:(Fukomys ochraceocinereus)
1865:(New World hystricognaths)
1341:Kingdon, Jonathan (2015).
434:in South America, and the
2495:
2355:
2000:
1989:Extant species of family
1512:
1504:Extant families in order
1423:10.11646/zootaxa.2918.1.4
1227:10.11646/zootaxa.1142.1.4
823:- Somali striped mole-rat
568:Technical characteristics
344:
339:
323:
316:
230:Scientific classification
228:
221:
212:
136:
2414:Evolution of eusociality
1732:(Hamsters and relatives)
852:Fukomys ochraceocinereus
2677:Charles Duncan Michener
2342:(Heterocephalus glaber)
2110:Matabeleland mole-rat (
2104:(Cryptomys hottentotus)
917:- Namaqua dune mole-rat
747:- Matabeleland mole-rat
3044:Rodents by common name
2071:Namaqua dune mole-rat
1899:(Agoutis and acouchis)
1875:(New World porcupines)
1822:(Old World porcupines)
486:Blesmols are somewhat
430:of North America, the
3039:Hystricognath rodents
2996:Paleobiology Database
2682:The Bees of the World
1931:(Degus and relatives)
1716:(Mouse-like hamsters)
863:- Malawian mole-rat
799:- Damaraland mole-rat
726:Cryptomys hottentotus
651:, blesmols appear to
608:) is one of only two
2283:(Georychus capensis)
2243:Caroline's mole rat
2160:(Fukomys damarensis)
2158:Damaraland mole-rat
2081:(Bathyergus suillus)
2073:(Bathyergus janetta)
925:- Cape dune mole-rat
582:infraorbital foramen
143:Early Miocene–Recent
54:improve this article
2717:Journey to the Ants
2220:Micklem's mole-rat
2206:Fukomys livingstoni
2199:(Fukomys kafuensis)
2183:Fukomys hanangensis
2079:Cape dune mole-rat
1993:(African mole-rats)
1271:2004MolEc..13..613F
1090:2004MolEc..13.1217B
1031:2010PLoSO...511810K
891:- Silvery mole-rat
839:- Mechow's mole-rat
815:- Nigerian mole-rat
791:- Bocage's mole-rat
783:- Ansell's mole-rat
756:- highveld mole-rat
543:for the family is:
466:have been found in
464:Cryptomys asiaticus
223:Damaraland mole-rat
2222:(Fukomys micklemi)
2214:(Fukomys mechowii)
2212:Mechow's mole-rat
2189:Ansell's mole-rat
2174:Nigerian mole-rat
2168:(Fukomys darlingi)
2150:Bocage's mole-rat
2142:Ansell's mole-rat
1814:(Laotian rock rat)
1794:("Porcupine-like")
1757:("Anomalure-like")
1700:(Oriental dormice)
1698:Platacanthomyidae
1438:Kingdon, J. 1997.
1167:and the New Genus
922:Bathyergus suillus
914:Bathyergus janetta
899:- Silvery mole-rat
807:- Mashona mole-rat
796:Fukomys damarensis
775:- Zambian mole-rat
729:- common mole-rat
709:Georychus capensis
606:Fukomys damarensis
602:damaraland blesmol
448:sub-Saharan Africa
363:Kock et al., 2006
3021:
3020:
2983:Open Tree of Life
2796:Taxon identifiers
2729:
2728:
2643:Bees in mythology
2366:
2365:
2351:
2350:
2315:
2314:
2304:Silvery mole-rat
2191:(Fukomys anselli)
2166:Mashona mole-rat
2152:(Fukomys bocagei)
2144:(Fukomys anselli)
2112:Cryptomys nimrodi
1994:
1956:
1955:
1948:
1940:
1939:(Chinchilla rats)
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1866:
1856:
1848:
1840:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1797:
1778:
1770:
1760:
1741:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1684:
1667:
1648:
1640:
1623:
1606:
1587:
1579:
1571:
1570:(Mountain beaver)
1561:
1558:("Squirrel-like")
1327:10.1111/zoj.12201
1259:Molecular Ecology
1078:Molecular Ecology
847:- Kataba mole-rat
828:Fukomys kafuensis
576:, their jaws are
565:
564:
424:subterranean life
412:African mole-rats
400:
399:
394:
384:
374:
364:
354:
312:
130:
129:
122:
104:
27:Family of rodents
16:(Redirected from
3056:
3014:
3013:
3004:
3003:
2991:
2990:
2978:
2977:
2965:
2964:
2952:
2951:
2939:
2938:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2900:
2899:
2887:
2886:
2874:
2873:
2861:
2860:
2851:
2850:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2770:
2769:
2758:
2757:
2746:
2745:
2737:
2669:The Dancing Bees
2501:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2370:
2326:
2321:Heterocephalinae
2229:Fukomys occlusus
2136:(Fukomys amatus)
2134:Zambian mole-rat
2102:Common mole-rat
2057:
1992:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1960:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1864:
1854:
1846:
1838:
1821:
1813:
1805:
1804:Ctenodactylidae
1796:
1795:
1791:
1776:
1768:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1682:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1646:
1639:(Pocket gophers)
1638:
1621:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1542:Euarchontoglires
1498:
1491:
1484:
1475:
1427:
1426:
1408:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1134:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1084:(5): 1217–1229.
1069:
1063:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1010:
1004:
1003:
987:
977:
964:
963:
945:
909:- Dune blesmols
881:- Ghana mole-rat
855:- Ochre mole-rat
844:Fukomys micklemi
836:Fukomys mechowii
831:- Kafue mole-rat
804:Fukomys darlingi
738:- Natal mole-rat
735:C. h. natalensis
681:Heterocephalidae
636:(cane rats) and
590:protrogomorphous
578:hystricognathous
546:
536:lateral masseter
513:Fukomys mechowii
414:, are burrowing
406:, also known as
393:Illiger, 1811
392:
382:
372:
362:
352:
311:Waterhouse, 1841
310:
238:
237:
217:
207:
144:
140:Temporal range:
134:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3058:
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3053:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3009:
3007:
2999:
2994:
2986:
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2973:
2968:
2960:
2955:
2947:
2942:
2934:
2929:
2921:
2916:
2908:
2903:
2895:
2890:
2882:
2877:
2869:
2864:
2856:
2854:
2846:
2841:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2798:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2764:
2752:
2740:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2690:Bert Hölldobler
2664:Karl von Frisch
2657:Pioneers, works
2652:
2631:
2502:
2493:
2487:Worker policing
2472:Social conflict
2452:Kin recognition
2437:Group selection
2423:Social insects
2402:
2397:
2367:
2362:
2347:
2340:Naked mole-rat
2311:
2288:
2265:
2260:(Fukomys zechi)
2258:Ghana mole-rat
2235:Ochre mole-rat
2197:Kafue mole-rat
2118:
2086:
2046:
1996:
1987:
1957:
1952:
1873:Erethizontidae
1793:
1792:
1790:
1782:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:Anomaluromorpha
1745:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1652:
1603:("Beaver-like")
1602:
1601:
1599:
1591:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1546:
1508:
1502:
1472:
1435:
1430:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1179:(3): 997–1014.
1162:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1000:
979:
978:
967:
960:
947:
946:
942:
938:
820:Fukomys ilariae
788:Fukomys bocagei
780:Fukomys anselli
753:C. h. pretoriae
712:- cape mole-rat
704:- cape blesmol
665:represents the
649:blind mole rats
629:
598:
586:medial masseter
570:
484:
444:
335:
329:
309:
232:
208:
206:
205:
200:
195:
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185:
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175:
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115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3062:
3060:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3026:
3025:
3019:
3018:
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3015:
3005:
2992:
2979:
2966:
2953:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2901:
2888:
2875:
2862:
2852:
2839:
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2808:
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2800:
2799:
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2727:
2726:
2724:
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2687:
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2674:
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2639:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2561:Dwarf mongoose
2558:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2494:
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2364:
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2356:
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2349:
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2345:
2336:
2334:
2331:Heterocephalus
2323:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2300:
2298:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:Cape mole-rat
2277:
2275:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2255:
2252:Fukomys whytei
2248:
2240:
2232:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2179:
2176:(Fukomys foxi)
2171:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2139:
2130:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2107:
2098:
2096:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2076:
2067:
2065:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2038:
2036:Hystricognathi
2032:
2030:Hystricomorpha
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1963:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:Chinchillidae
1942:
1934:
1926:
1918:
1910:
1902:
1897:Dasyproctidae
1894:
1886:
1878:
1870:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1853:Thryonomyidae
1850:
1842:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1800:
1798:
1788:Hystricomorpha
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1772:
1763:
1761:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1678:
1676:
1670:
1668:
1664:("Mouse-like")
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1617:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1581:
1573:
1568:Aplodontiidae
1564:
1562:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1513:
1510:
1509:
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1379:978-8494189234
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1320:(4): 942–963.
1300:
1265:(3): 613–629.
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884:
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869:F. w. occlusus
860:Fukomys whytei
856:
848:
840:
832:
824:
816:
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792:
784:
776:
772:Fukomys amatus
761:
760:
759:
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757:
748:
739:
715:
714:
713:
676:Heterocephalus
671:Naked mole-rat
628:
627:Classification
625:
597:
594:
574:their suborder
569:
566:
563:
562:
558:
557:
553:
552:
541:dental formula
500:naked mole rat
483:
480:
443:
440:
438:from Eurasia.
428:pocket gophers
418:of the family
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365:
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353:Illiger, 1811
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2463:
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2457:Kin selection
2455:
2453:
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2448:
2445:
2443:
2442:Haplodiploidy
2440:
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2178:
2177:
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1995:
1991:Bathyergidae
1984:
1979:
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1964:
1961:
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1941:
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1929:Octodontidae
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1925:
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1909:
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1885:
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1777:(Springhares)
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1714:Calomyscidae
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1659:
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1649:
1645:Heteromyidae
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1633:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1618:
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1598:
1597:Castorimorpha
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1171:Gray, 1864".
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1025:(7): e11810.
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878:Fukomys zechi
875:
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865:
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749:
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744:C. h. nimrodi
740:
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664:
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635:
634:Thryonomyidae
626:
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587:
583:
579:
575:
567:
560:
559:
555:
554:
551:
548:
547:
544:
542:
537:
534:power to the
532:
531:dune blesmols
528:
523:
521:
520:
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507:
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497:
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383:Peters, 1846
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110:November 2007
102:
99:
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81:
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74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3034:Bathyergidae
2848:Bathyergidae
2834:Bathyergidae
2804:Bathyergidae
2803:
2715:
2707:
2699:
2695:E. O. Wilson
2681:
2668:
2617:
2591:
2587:Thysanoptera
2577:
2555:
2419:Presociality
2357:
2341:
2329:
2305:
2295:Heliophobius
2293:
2282:
2270:
2259:
2250:
2244:
2236:
2227:
2221:
2213:
2204:
2198:
2190:
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2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2123:
2111:
2103:
2091:
2080:
2072:
2060:
2052:Bathyerginae
2034:Infraorder:
1990:
1937:Abrocomidae
1915:(Tuco-tucos)
1913:Ctenomyidae
1889:Cuniculidae
1863:Caviomorpha
1847:(Dassie rat)
1836:
1820:Hystricidae
1812:Diatomyidae
1769:(Anomalures)
1552:Sciuromorpha
1540:Superorder:
1534:Infraclass:
1414:
1410:
1397:
1388:
1369:
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904:
894:
888:Heliophobius
886:
876:
867:
866:subspecies:
858:
850:
842:
834:
826:
818:
812:Fukomys foxi
810:
802:
794:
786:
778:
770:
763:
751:
750:subspecies:
742:
741:subspecies:
733:
732:subspecies:
724:
717:
707:
699:
695:Bathyerginae
694:
689:Bathyergidae
688:
674:
660:
646:
638:Petromuridae
630:
621:
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605:
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571:
561:1.0.2-3.0-3
556:1.0.2-3.0-3
524:
517:
511:
508:
485:
472:Gypsorhychus
471:
463:
445:
442:Distribution
420:Bathyergidae
419:
411:
407:
403:
401:
387:
379:Heliophobius
377:
367:
357:
347:
324:
307:Bathyergidae
306:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
18:Bathyergidae
2918:iNaturalist
2828:Wikispecies
2593:Kladothrips
2529:Crabronidae
2514:Hymenoptera
2427:Agriculture
2400:Eusociality
2040:Parvorder:
1921:Echimyidae
1905:Dinomyidae
1855:(Cane rats)
1730:Cricetidae
1722:Nesomyidae
1706:Spalacidae
1620:Castoridae
1613:Castoroidea
1235:11336/85874
657:chromosomal
617:herbivorous
460:Pleistocene
373:Gray, 1864
293:Parvorder:
3028:Categories
2648:Coalescent
2636:In culture
2613:Coleoptera
2579:Synalpheus
2573:Crustacean
2534:Halictidae
2462:Polyethism
2062:Bathyergus
2042:Phiomorpha
2028:Suborder:
1907:(Pacarana)
1839:(Blesmols)
1830:Phiomorpha
1775:Pedetidae
1681:Dipodidae
1674:Dipodoidea
1637:Geomyidae
1630:Geomyoidea
1584:Sciuridae
1433:References
906:Bathyergus
693:Subfamily
662:Bathyergus
642:Phiomorpha
436:Spalacidae
432:tuco-tucos
389:Bathyergus
326:Bathyergus
318:Type genus
297:Phiomorpha
80:newspapers
2606:Aphididae
2601:Hemiptera
2539:Honey bee
2477:Thelytoky
2432:Gamergate
2272:Georychus
2093:Cryptomys
2004:Kingdom:
1881:Caviidae
1658:Myomorpha
1622:(Beavers)
1578:(Dormice)
1576:Gliridae
1516:Kingdom:
1417:: 39–46.
1221:: 51–55.
1213:n. gen".
1165:Cryptomys
936:Citations
719:Cryptomys
701:Georychus
550:Dentition
492:fossorial
408:mole-rats
369:Cryptomys
349:Georychus
253:Kingdom:
247:Eukaryota
69:"Blesmol"
2962:13400002
2855:BioLib:
2813:Wikidata
2709:The Ants
2627:Isoptera
2551:Mammalia
2544:Vespidae
2359:Category
2024:Rodentia
2018:Mammalia
2012:Chordata
2010:Phylum:
2006:Animalia
1883:(Cavies)
1806:(Gundis)
1738:Muridae
1691:Muroidea
1536:Eutheria
1530:Mammalia
1524:Chordata
1522:Phylum:
1518:Animalia
1506:Rodentia
1295:24040671
1287:14871365
1193:15120397
1169:Coetomys
1114:23091402
1106:15078457
1059:20676369
1019:PLOS ONE
653:speciate
610:eusocial
596:Behavior
527:incisors
476:Mongolia
462:species
404:blesmols
303:Family:
287:Rodentia
277:Mammalia
267:Chordata
263:Phylum:
257:Animalia
243:Domain:
137:Blesmols
2819:Q750383
2772:Biology
2760:Animals
2748:Mammals
2734:Portals
2566:Meerkat
2556:Blesmol
2125:Fukomys
2022:Order:
2016:Class:
1891:(Pacas)
1528:Class:
1411:Zootaxa
1267:Bibcode
1215:Zootaxa
1211:Fukomys
1086:Bibcode
1050:2911378
1027:Bibcode
990:708–711
765:Fukomys
687:Family
584:. The
482:Anatomy
416:rodents
359:Fukomys
340:Genera
332:Illiger
283:Order:
273:Class:
94:scholar
3011:106362
3008:uBio:
2988:692682
2949:584570
2936:104792
2871:493949
2784:Africa
2524:Apidae
2507:Groups
2407:Topics
1457:Figure
1376:
1351:
1293:
1285:
1191:
1143:
1112:
1104:
1057:
1047:
996:
956:
496:pinnae
468:Israel
456:Africa
452:Fossil
334:, 1811
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3001:41999
2975:10167
2931:IRMNG
2923:43744
2858:36938
1407:(PDF)
1291:S2CID
1110:S2CID
667:basal
504:touch
410:, or
101:JSTOR
87:books
2970:NCBI
2944:ITIS
2910:5492
2905:GBIF
2897:8682
2866:BOLD
2720:1994
2712:1990
2704:1975
2684:2000
2671:1927
1415:2918
1374:ISBN
1349:ISBN
1283:PMID
1219:1142
1189:PMID
1141:ISBN
1102:PMID
1055:PMID
994:ISBN
954:ISBN
516:and
488:mole
402:The
148:PreꞒ
73:news
2957:MSW
2892:EoL
2884:745
2879:CoL
2843:ADW
2519:Ant
2482:War
1419:doi
1322:doi
1318:172
1275:doi
1231:hdl
1223:doi
1181:doi
1137:124
1094:doi
1076:".
1045:PMC
1035:doi
450:.
56:by
3030::
2998::
2985::
2972::
2959::
2946::
2933::
2920::
2907::
2894::
2881::
2868::
2845::
2830::
2815::
1413:.
1409:.
1316:.
1312:.
1289:.
1281:.
1273:.
1263:13
1261:.
1229:.
1217:.
1201:^
1187:.
1177:31
1175:.
1155:^
1139:.
1108:.
1100:.
1092:.
1082:13
1080:.
1053:.
1043:.
1033:.
1021:.
1017:.
992:.
968:^
683:.
673:,
644:.
478:.
198:Pg
2736::
2392:e
2385:t
2378:v
2114:)
1982:e
1975:t
1968:v
1497:e
1490:t
1483:v
1425:.
1421::
1382:.
1357:.
1330:.
1324::
1297:.
1277::
1269::
1237:.
1233::
1225::
1195:.
1183::
1149:.
1116:.
1096::
1088::
1061:.
1037::
1029::
1023:5
1002:.
962:.
604:(
203:N
193:K
188:J
183:T
178:P
173:C
168:D
163:S
158:O
153:Ꞓ
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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