1262:, is the most widely planted grape in Beaujolais, accounting for nearly 98% of all plantings. The remaining plantings are mostly Chardonnay. Aligote vines that were planted prior to 2004 are permitted in wine production, but the entire grape variety is being phased out of the region by 2024. According to AOC regulation, up to 15% of white wine grape varieties can be included in all Beaujolais red wines from the basic Beaujolais AOC to the Cru Beaujolais wines, but in practice the wines are almost always 100% Gamay. Pinot noir, which has very small plantings, is also permitted, but that grape is being phased out by 2015 as Beaujolais winemakers continue to focus their winemaking identity on the Gamay grape. The characteristics that the Gamay grapes adds to Beaujolais are a deep bluish-red color, high
818:, producers can affix the name of their particular village to the Beaujolais-Villages designation. Since most of the villages of Beaujolais, outside of those classified as Cru Beaujolais, villages have little international name recognitions most producers choose to maintain the Beaujolais-Villages designation. The maximum permitted yields for this AOC is 58 hl/ha. These wines are meant to be consumed young, within two years of their harvest. Several of the communes in the Beaujolais-Villages AOC also qualify to produce their wines under the Mâconnais and Saint-Véran AOCs. The Beaujolais producers that produce a red wine under the Beaujolais-Villages appellation will often produce their white wine under the more internationally recognized names of Mâcon-Villages or Saint-Véran.
1214:. Any Beaujolais or Beaujolais-Villages AOC vineyard can produce Beaujolais nouveau. The grapes are harvested between late August and early September. It is fermented for just a few days and released to the public on the third Thursday of November – "Beaujolais Nouveau Day". It is the first French wine to be released for each vintage year. In 1992, at its peak, more than half of all Beaujolais wine was sold as "Beaujolais nouveau". The wines are meant to be drunk as young as possible, when they are at their freshest and fruitiest. They can last up to one or two years but will have lost most of their characteristic flavors by that point.
467:
442:, demand outpaced supply for the easy-drinking, fruity wines. As more Beaujolais producers tried to capitalize on the "Nouveau craze", production of regular Beaujolais dropped and an eventual backlash occurred in the late 1990s and early 21st century. By this point, the whole of Beaujolais wine had developed a negative reputation among consumers who associated Gamay based wines with the slightly sweet, simple light bodied wines that characterized Beaujolais Nouveau. Producers were left with a wine surplus that French authorities compelled them to reduce through mandatory
814:, the intermediate category in terms of classification, covers 39 communes/villages in the Haut Beaujolais, the northern part of the region accounting for a quarter of production. Some is sold as Beaujolais-Villages Nouveau, but it is not common. Most of the wines are released in the following March after the harvest. The terrain of this region is hillier with more schist and granite soil composition than what is found in the regions of the Beaujolais AOC and the wine has the potential to be of higher quality. If the grapes come from the area of a single vineyard or
992:
847:. These wines do not usually show the word "Beaujolais" on the label, in an attempt to separate themselves from mass-produced Nouveau; in fact vineyards in the cru villages are not allowed to produce Nouveau. The maximum yields for Cru Beaujolais wine is 48 hl/ha. Their wines can be more full-bodied, darker in color, and significantly longer-lived. From north to south the Beaujolais crus are- Saint-Amour, Juliénas, Chénas, Moulin-à-Vent, Fleurie, Chiroubles, Morgon, Régnié, Brouilly and Côte de Brouilly.
720:
823:
3624:
2993:
2701:
1387:. Basic Beaujolais and Beaujolais nouveau are meant to be drunk within a year of their harvest. Beaujolais-Villages are generally consumed within two to three years and Cru Beaujolais has the potential to age longer, some not even fully developing till at least three years after harvest. Premium examples from Chénas, Juliénas, Morgon and Moulin-à-Vent can spend up to 10 years continuing to develop in the bottle and in very good vintages can take on
54:
1400:
1176:
543:, the producers sued under an obscure French law that punishes the denigration of French products. In January 2003, the court in Villefranche-sur-Saône found in favor of the Beaujolais producers and awarded USD$ 350,000, which would have put the small employee-owned publication out of business. The bad publicity garnered from the "shit wine case" was extensive, with several publications such as
1457:
1300:
3636:
890:
604:
1285:, with six approved clones of Gamay for the wine region. In recent years the rootstock Vialla has gained popularity due to its propensity to produce well in granite soils. The SO4 and 3309 rootstocks also account for significant plantings. Clonal selection of the Gamay grape has shifted towards an emphasis on smaller, thicker-skinned berries.
963:- The most recently recognized cru, graduating from a Beaujolais-Villages area to Cru Beaujolais in 1988. One of the more full-bodied crus in this category. It is noted for its redcurrant and raspberry flavors. Local lore in the region states that this cru was the site of the first vineyards planted in Beaujolais by the Romans.
1346:
to soften the wine. The process of chaptalization, adding sugar to the grape must to boost alcohol levels, has been a controversial issue for
Beaujolais winemakers. Historically, Beaujolais producers would pick grapes at ripeness that were at minimum potential alcohol levels of 10–10.5% and then add
1309:
Beaujolais wines are produced by the winemaking technique of semi-carbonic maceration. Whole grape clusters are put in cement or stainless steel tanks with capacities between 4,000–30,000 litres (1,100–7,900 US gal). The bottom third of the grapes gets crushed under the weight of gravity
1242:
method which involves taking a single or double spur and training it out horizontally. Harvest usually occurs in late
September and is almost universally done by hand rather than with the use of mechanical harvesters. This is because the Beaujolais wine-making style of carbonic maceration utilizes
1472:
slightly chilled to a lower temperature, the lighter the style. Beaujolais nouveau, being the lightest style, is served at about 52 °F (11 °C). Beaujolais AOC and
Beaujolais-Villages are generally served between 56–57 °F (13–14 °C). Cru Beaujolais, especially the fuller bodied
499:
issued another edict against Gamay, in which he stated that the reason for the ban was because "he Dukes of
Burgundy are known as the lords of the best wines in Christendom. We will maintain our reputation". The edicts had the effect of pushing Gamay plantings southward, out of the main region of
1330:
in the winemaking environment. This results in a fruity wine without much tannin. In the case of
Beaujolais nouveau, this process is completed in as little as four days, with the other AOCs being allowed longer time to ferment. As the grapes ferment longer, they develop more tannins and a fuller
1355:
it is practiced to varying degrees by
Beaujolais winemakers. Some producers who make Beaujolais on a large commercial scale will filter the wine aggressively to avoid any impurity or future chemical reactions. This can have the negative side effect of diminishing some of the wine's unique fruit
799:
is the most extended appellation allowed to be used in any of the 96 villages, but essentially covering 60 villages, and refers to all basic
Beaujolais wines. A large portion of the wine produced under this appellation is sold as Beaujolais Nouveau. Annually, this appellation averages around 75
706:
and clay based soils with some limestone patches. The Gamay grape fares differently in both regions-producing more structured, complex wines in the north and lighter, fruitier wines in the south. The angle of the hillside vineyards in the north exposes the grapes to more sunshine which leads to
579:
company was charged with mixing low-grade wine with better vintages after a patchy 2004 harvest. Georges
Duboeuf denied wrongdoing, blaming human error and pointing out that none of the affected wine was released to consumers. The production manager directly responsible admitted his actions and
611:
Beaujolais is a large wine-producing region, larger than any single district of
Burgundy. There are over 18,000 hectares (44,000 acres) of vines planted in a 34 miles (55 km) stretch of land that is between 7 and 9 miles (14 km) wide (11 to 14 km). The historical capital of the
669:
on the climate. The region is overall, warmer than
Burgundy with vines that consistently fully ripen grapes. By the time that the Beaujolais Nouveau is released in late November, the foothills in the western regions will have normally seen snow. A common viticultural hazard is spring time
567:
running critical or satirical articles in response to the court's decision. In 2005, the highest court of appeal reversed the decision and found that there was no cause for action against the publication; the Beaujolais winemakers were ordered to pay €2,000 (US$ 2,442) in court costs to
523:
claimed that the reason for the backlash was the poor quality of Beaujolais Nouveau that had flooded the market in recent decades. He claimed that Beaujolais producers had long ignored the warning signs that such a backlash was coming and continued to produce what Mauss termed
512:
Following the 2001 vintage, over 1.1 million cases of Beaujolais wine (most of it Beaujolais Nouveau) had to be destroyed or distilled due to lackluster sales as part of a consumer backlash against the popularity of Beaujolais Nouveau. In an interview given to local newspaper
1492:
with basic Beaujolais and Beaujolais-Villages doing well with light fare, like picnics and salads. The lighter Cru Beaujolais pair well with poultry and the heavier Crus pairing better with red meats and hearty dishes like stews. In Norway, Beaujolais is a favorite with
842:
in Beaujolais refers to an entire wine-producing area rather than an individual vineyard. Seven of the Crus relate to actual villages while Brouilly and Côte de Brouilly refer to the vineyards areas around Mont Brouilly and Moulin-à-Vent is named for a local
681:
of Beaujolais divide the region into a northern and southern half, with the town of Villefranche serving as a near dividing point. The northern half of Beaujolais, where most of the Cru Beaujolais communes are located, includes rolling hills of
731:
in 2011 There are 12 main appellations of Beaujolais wines covering the production of more than 96 villages in the Beaujolais region. They were originally established in 1936, with additional crus being promoted in 1938 and 1946, plus
580:
resigned, and a court found that both "fraud and attempted fraud concerning the origin and quality of wines" had been committed. Fewer than 200,000 liters of the company's annual 270 million liter production were implicated, but
1321:
is released as a byproduct of this fermentation and begins to saturate the individual intact grape berries that remain in the barrel. The carbon dioxide seeps into the skin of the grape and begin to stimulate fermentation at an
1188:
and its consumption was seen as a celebration of another successful harvest. In the 1960s, this style of simple Beaujolais became increasingly popular worldwide with more than half a million cases of it being sold. In 1985 the
1128:– Wines are very similar to the nearby Chénas Cru Beaujolais. This region produces some of the longest-lasting examples of Beaujolais wine, with some wines lasting up to 10 years. Some producers will age their Moulin-à-Vent in
1439:
with a growing amount being estate bottled. Very little of the estate bottled Beaujolais wines are exported into the United States or United Kingdom though a few exporters specialize in this small niche—the most notable being
1183:
The early history of Beaujolais nouveau can trace its roots to 19th century when the first wines of the vintage were sent down the Saône to the early bistros of Lyon. Upon their arrival signs would be put out proclaiming
478:
and the ancient white variety Gouais, the latter a Central European variety that was probably introduced to northeastern France by the Romans. The grape brought relief to the village growers following the decline of the
1195:(INAO) established the third Thursday of November to allow for a uniform release date for the wine. Wines are typically shipped a few days earlier to locations around the world where they must be held in a
1222:
The Beaujolais region has one of the highest vine density ratios of any major worldwide wine region, with anywhere from 9000 to 13,000 vines per hectare. Most vines are trained in the traditional
1059:
The last four crus produce the fullest bodied examples of Cru Beaujolais that need the most time ageing in the bottle and are usually meant to be consumed between four and 10 years after harvest.
1116:– Produces earthy wines that can take on a Burgundian character of silky texture after five years aging. These wines are generally the deepest color and most rich Cru Beaujolais with aromas of
495:, outlawed the cultivation of Gamay as being "a very bad and disloyal plant", due in part to the variety occupying land that could be used for the more "elegant" pinot noir. Sixty years later,
1689:
886:
The 10 Beaujolais crus differ in character. The following three crus produce the lightest-bodied Beaujolais and are typically intended to be consumed within three years of the vintage.
1070:– Once contained many of the vineyards that are now sold under the Moulin-à-Vent designation. It is now the smallest Cru Beaujolais with wines that are noted for their aroma of wild
925:. Along with Côte de Brouilly, this is the only Cru Beaujolais region that permits grapes other than Gamay to be produced in the area with vineyards growing Chardonnay, Aligote and
1347:
sugar in order to artificially boost the alcohol levels to the near the maximum of 13–13.5%. This created wines lacking structure and balance to go with the high alcohol body and
869:
regions and producers will usually choose to label their wines under the more marketable and well known Mâcon Blanc designation. There is also regulations in several Beaujolais
1102:. In contrast to the claims of Régnié, Juliénas growers believe that this area was the site of the first vineyards planted in Beaujolais by the Romans during their conquest of
1622:
834:, the highest category of classification in Beaujolais, account for the production within ten villages/areas in the foothills of the Beaujolais mountains. Unlike Burgundy and
1505:, Beaujolais wine is used to make a traditional regional dessert involving a glass of sliced peaches, topped with blackcurrants and drenched in chilled Beaujolais wine.
1351:. The recent trend towards higher quality wine production has limited the use of chaptalization in the premium levels of Beaujolais wine. Filtering the wine in order to
905:– The largest cru in Beaujolais, situated around Mont Brouilly and containing within its boundaries the sub-district of Côte de Brouilly. The wines are noted for their
3035:
1021:– One of the most widely exported Cru Beaujolais into the United States. These wines often have a velvet texture with fruity and floral bouquet. In ideal vintages, a
973:– This cru has vineyards at some of the highest altitudes among the Cru Beaujolais. Chiroubles cru are noted for their delicate perfume that often includes aromas of
355:, and the wine is sufficiently individual in character to be considered apart from Burgundy and Rhône. The region is known internationally for its long tradition of
1191:
1120:
and peaches. Within this cru there is a particular hillside, known as Côte du Py, in the center of Morgon that produces the most powerful examples of Morgon wines.
1754:
865:
soils of the far northern extremities of the region. Part of the reason for the small production of these wines is that many of the vineyards overlap into the
1144:
that is in the soil, which can be toxic to grape vines in high levels. The level of toxicity in Moulin-à-Vent does not kill the vine but is enough to cause
861:
is grown in the region and used to produce Beaujolais Blanc or Beaujolais-Villages Blanc. The vineyards to produces these wines are normally found in the
1728:
1709:
3148:
736:
in 1988. About half of all Beaujolais wine is sold under the basic Beaujolais AOC designation. The majority of this wine is produced in the southern
632:). Many of Beaujolais vineyards are found in the hillside on the outskirt of Lyons in the eastern portion of the region along the Saône valley. The
1477:. In Beaujolais, it is traditional to soak the bottles in buckets of ice water and bring them out to the village's center for picnics and games of
261:
64:
2927:
1011:
Mont Brouilly within the Brouilly Cru Beaujolais. The wines from this region are more deeply concentrated with less earthiness than Brouilly wine.
487:
two weeks earlier and was less difficult to cultivate. It also produced a strong, fruitier wine in a much larger abundance. In July 1395, the
1078:
is produced that is meant to age at least five years before consuming and last up to 15. The area named is derived from the forest of French
532:
wine"). This triggered an outcry among Beaujolais producers, followed by an association of 56 cooperative producers filing a lawsuit against
3028:
2749:
1206:
Today, about a third of the region's production is sold as Beaujolais nouveau, a marketing name created by Georges Duboeuf for the local
3656:
424:
1468:
has described Beaujolais as "the only white wine that happens to be red". Similarly, Beaujolais is often treated like a white wine and
466:
636:
is located to the west and has a tempering influence on Beaujolais' climate. The region is located south of the Burgundy wine region
2011:
1914:
1891:
1813:
1671:
1614:
1595:
1574:
1152:
to reduce yields severely. The resulting wines from Moulin-à-Vent are the most full bodied and powerful examples in Beaujolais. The
427:
in the 19th century opened up the lucrative Paris market. The first mention of Beaujolais wines in English followed soon after when
239:
96:
3157:
953:" (Go! And piss no more). The vineyard name is the admonishment that her husband gave to her upon learning of the priest's words.
3671:
3115:
3021:
2300:
1986:
2467:
666:
44:
3661:
3141:
2953:
1473:
examples, can be treated like red Burgundy wine and served at 60–62 °F (16–17 °C). The wines rarely need to be
470:
When Philippe the Bold outlawed the cultivation of Gamay in Burgundy, it pushed the grape south to the Beaujolais region.
3508:
2958:
1935:
694:. On hillsides, most of the granite and schist is found in the upper slopes with the lower slopes having more stone and
563:
496:
1743:
305:
3348:
1431:
Georges Duboeuf. There are more than 4000 vineyard owners in Beaujolais and the fractional amount that is not sold to
31:
1924:
3666:
3614:
2878:
2845:
2674:
1025:(wine for aging) is produced that is meant to age at least four years before consuming and can last up to 16 years.
646:
in the northern region of Beaujolais overlapping between the AOC boundaries Beaujolais and the Maconnais region of
991:
3090:
2968:
2858:
625:
332:
3134:
2963:
2742:
2684:
2613:
2505:
2106:
2089:
1469:
446:. In response, there has been renewed emphasis on the production of more complex wines that are aged longer in
1906:
1706:
1488:
a variety of food according to the lightness and body of the wine. Beaujolais Nouveau is typically used as an
1424:
288:
is also permitted until 2024 (on condition the vines were planted before 2004). Beaujolais tends to be a very
2853:
2226:
2062:
1514:
1343:
874:
654:
1379:. This is epitomized in Beaujolais nouveau, which is fermented for just a few days and can be dominated by
2716:
2639:
2084:
1485:
1420:
988:
recommends needs at least a year aging in the bottle and to be consumed within four years of the vintage.
719:
678:
733:
3438:
2654:
2423:
2067:
822:
324:
320:
2305:
2057:
1124:
741:
3095:
2883:
2835:
2735:
2285:
1979:
1445:
1314:
1294:
1044:
985:
384:
360:
309:
1460:
Light bodied Beaujolais wine, such as Beaujolais-Villages pair well with lighter fare like salads.
1246:
The Gamay grape, more accurately known as Gamay noir à Jus blanc to distinguish it from the Gamay
1243:
whole bunches of grape clusters that normally get broken and separated by a mechanical harvester.
1098:. The wines made from this area are noted for their richness and spice with aromas reminiscent of
431:
described the wines of Moulin-à-Vent and Saint-Amour as being low-priced and best consumed young.
3413:
3196:
2873:
2378:
1416:
1303:
1170:
1040:
926:
642:
591:
of sugar to growers in Beaujolais. Up to 100 growers were accused of using the sugar for illegal
557:
435:
364:
185:
647:
2827:
2774:
2358:
2295:
1887:
1809:
1667:
1591:
1570:
1211:
662:
658:
520:
515:
492:
416:
408:
340:
3623:
3555:
3468:
3433:
3287:
3232:
2992:
2700:
2618:
2545:
2408:
2310:
1930:
1352:
1255:
1196:
877:. Beaujolais Rosé made from Gamay is permitted in the Beaujolais AOC but is rarely produced.
488:
458:
Beaujolais communes, where the name of the commune is allowed to be displayed on the label.
396:
207:
1047:
near the area. The wines from Saint-Amour are noted for their spicy flavors with aromas of
53:
3591:
3550:
3453:
3418:
3317:
3292:
2973:
2794:
2711:
2497:
2325:
2260:
2203:
2166:
2046:
1918:
1713:
1259:
1132:
which gives these wines more tannin and structure than other Beaujolais wines. The phrase
1008:
439:
255:
1911:
1090:
873:
restricting growers to dedicating no more than 10% of their vineyard space to white wine
1399:
1175:
280:. Whites from the region, which make up only 1% of its production, are made mostly with
3601:
3581:
3571:
3503:
3483:
3398:
3353:
3302:
3267:
3222:
3201:
3181:
2868:
2863:
2812:
2766:
2623:
2595:
2570:
2491:
2480:
2475:
2373:
2340:
2156:
2134:
2101:
2077:
1972:
1318:
1227:
982:
801:
777:
708:
633:
592:
484:
336:
301:
434:
In the 1980s, Beaujolais hit a peak of popularity in the world's wine market with its
3650:
3640:
3596:
3576:
3534:
3524:
3458:
3428:
3383:
3358:
3338:
3333:
3277:
3262:
3242:
3227:
3206:
3191:
3186:
3176:
3171:
3105:
3100:
3070:
3065:
2893:
2802:
2608:
2603:
2280:
2096:
2072:
1465:
1411:
who produce nearly 90% of the wine sold outside the Beaujolais region. Many of these
1388:
1323:
1267:
1235:
1231:
1095:
1036:
974:
906:
761:
745:
428:
352:
348:
270:
90:
419:. The wines from Beaujolais were mostly confined to the markets along the Saône and
3586:
3529:
3493:
3488:
3473:
3463:
3423:
3408:
3363:
3343:
3312:
3257:
3252:
3080:
2679:
2270:
2208:
2198:
2151:
1441:
1436:
1311:
1157:
765:
749:
443:
392:
376:
2428:
866:
637:
313:
195:
Beaujolais, Beaujolais Villages, cru Beaujolais, Beaujolais Nouveau
3628:
3478:
3448:
3388:
3378:
3373:
3297:
3272:
3247:
3237:
3055:
3044:
2997:
2948:
2911:
2705:
2560:
2550:
2448:
2330:
2213:
2144:
2003:
1502:
1494:
1489:
1427:, are based in Burgundy. One of the most well known Beaujolais producers is the
1372:
1271:
1239:
835:
769:
753:
587:
In December 2007, five people were arrested after reportedly selling nearly 600
480:
404:
400:
289:
181:
1456:
1299:
3498:
3443:
3403:
3393:
3368:
3282:
3110:
2901:
2817:
2807:
2758:
2664:
2659:
2644:
2580:
2575:
2540:
2438:
2433:
2393:
2320:
2265:
2255:
2250:
2237:
2193:
2181:
2171:
2129:
1955:
1384:
1339:
1278:
1251:
1247:
1149:
1137:
1129:
942:
858:
475:
455:
447:
356:
285:
281:
274:
177:
173:
169:
165:
111:
98:
3307:
3085:
3075:
2779:
2669:
2649:
2585:
2565:
2555:
2515:
2453:
2335:
2275:
2176:
1348:
1145:
1141:
934:
918:
910:
862:
703:
691:
551:
143:
889:
603:
2525:
2520:
2510:
2403:
2383:
2350:
2315:
2245:
2161:
2124:
2036:
2031:
2016:
1498:
1474:
1223:
1210:. It is the lightest, fruitiest style of Beaujolais and meant for simple
938:
844:
785:
545:
420:
380:
344:
277:
454:
driven estate-bottled wines made from single vineyards or in one of the
17:
2978:
2784:
2535:
2388:
2363:
2290:
2139:
2026:
1945:
1282:
1274:. The aroma associated with the grape itself is typically red berries.
1263:
1230:
of the vines are pushed upwards and arranged in a circle, resembling a
1117:
1099:
1043:) who converted to Christianity after escaping death and established a
781:
687:
621:
501:
451:
438:
wine. Spurred on by the creative marketing from wine merchants such as
297:
293:
131:
2943:
2906:
2530:
2418:
2413:
1478:
1367:
wine of Paris; a fruity, easy-drinking red traditionally served in 1
1364:
1357:
1327:
937:
old woman!") which received its name from a local legend of a devout
914:
683:
588:
407:
monks. In the 10th century, the region got its name from the town of
135:
1840:
CAHIER DES CHARGES DE L'APPELLATION D'ORIGINE CONTRÔLÉE BEAUJOLAIS.
1140:
of these oak aged wines. The region is noted for the high level of
1055:
wines require at least four year aging and can last up to 12 years.
981:
The next three crus produce more medium bodied Cru Beaujolais that
3126:
2443:
2398:
2368:
2021:
1753:. Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. February 2012.
1455:
1398:
1380:
1298:
1174:
1048:
990:
922:
888:
821:
718:
671:
602:
540:
465:
300:, Beaujolais produces more wine than the Burgundy wine regions of
266:
161:
450:
prior to release. Recent years have seen a rise in the number of
1995:
1951:
1368:
1317:
with ambient yeasts found naturally on the skins of the grapes.
1103:
1071:
728:
698:
composition. The southern half of the region, also known as the
695:
529:
328:
139:
3130:
3017:
2731:
1968:
1949:
3013:
1407:
The Beaujolais wine industry is dominated by the more than 30
1179:
A glass and bottle of Beaujolais nouveau from the 2013 vintage
1079:
219:
2727:
1277:
Since the 1960s, more focus has been placed on the choice of
1356:
character and leave a flavor that critics have described as
399:. From the 7th century through the Middle Ages, most of the
1615:"'Vin de merde' case closes in favour of freedom of speech"
595:
and also of exceeding volume quotas between 2004 and 2006.
231:
222:
216:
1690:"King of Beaujolais is convicted over adulterated wines."
1238:
and has only recently begun to fall out of favor for the
727:
The new rules for Beaujolais appellations were issued by
423:, particularly in the town of Lyon. The expansion of the
1940:
1035:– Local lore suggest that this region was named after a
1964:
1569:(Third Ed.), pp. 72–74. Oxford University Press, 2006.
800:
million bottles a year in production. Maximum level of
395:. The Romans also planted vineyards in the area around
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
584:, as it was called, was considered a serious scandal.
3612:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1203:
am, when the wines can be first opened and consumed.
504:-based soils of Beaujolais, where the grape thrived.
379:
who planted the areas along its trading route up the
375:
The region of Beaujolais was first cultivated by the
331:, and covers parts of the north of the department of
240:
210:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
711:
at an earlier time than the vineyards in the south.
228:
213:
3564:
3543:
3517:
3326:
3215:
3164:
2936:
2920:
2892:
2844:
2826:
2793:
2765:
2632:
2594:
2489:
2466:
2349:
2236:
2224:
2117:
2045:
2002:
929:as well. The Brouilly cru also contains the famous
225:
191:
157:
149:
127:
86:
78:
70:
60:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1326:level. This is caused, in part, by the absence of
1234:. This method has its roots in the Roman style of
1094:– This cru is centered on the village named after
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1744:"SUPERFICIES ET PRODUCTIONS DE VINS (hl) en 2010"
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1338:After fermentation, the must is normally high in
415:until the 15th century when it was ceded to the
347:. While administratively considered part of the
893:Mont Brouilly at centre, encircled by vineyards
339:region and southern areas of the department of
3142:
3029:
2743:
1980:
1250:grapes with red juice and different from the
772:). Exactly the same limits are effective for
351:region, the climate is closer to that of the
168:(and the local variation of Pinot Liébault),
8:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1192:Institut National des Appellations d'Origine
319:The wine takes its name from the historical
37:
804:in the Nouveau is limited at 100 mg/L.
269:grape, which has a thin skin and is low in
3149:
3135:
3127:
3036:
3022:
3014:
2750:
2736:
2728:
2233:
1987:
1973:
1965:
1946:
624:) and the economic capital of the area is
292:red wine, with relatively high amounts of
52:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1335:for Nouveau wines is limited to 10 days.
1136:(oak casks) will sometimes appear on the
857:– A small amount of white wine made from
764:for the grapes is 10,5%, and the maximum
474:Gamay noir is now known to be a cross of
27:Wine from the Beaujolais region of France
1342:and producers will put the wine through
723:Louis Jadot Beaujolais-Villages AOC 2004
3619:
2928:Clarification and stabilization of wine
1525:
1391:qualities of structure and complexity.
748:for the grapes is 10%, and the maximum
483:. In contrast to the pinot noir, Gamay
1730:Trouble ferments in Beaujolais country
1007:– Located on the higher slopes of the
941:woman who misheard the local priest's
36:
1886:pp. 220-225, Workman Publishing 2001
1666:pp. 165–168, Dorling Kindersley 2005
1590:pp. 133–134, Simon and Schuster 1989
1435:are bottled by the nearly 20 village
254:
7:
1804:E. McCarthy & M. Ewing-Mulligan
363:, and more recently for the popular
1808:pp. 112-120, Wiley Publishing 2001
1719:, 2005-10-03. Retrieved 2007-10-04.
702:, has flatter terrain with richer,
273:. Like most AOC wines they are not
1733:Daily Telegraph, 19 December 2007.
1625:from the original on March 1, 2020
1156:styles require at least six years
740:region located around the town of
25:
2012:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
1310:and resulting must begins normal
933:vineyard (roughly translated as "
780:levels are established at 3 g/L (
536:for publishing Mauss's comments.
265:(AOC) wine generally made of the
180:(known locally as Pinot Beurot),
3634:
3622:
2991:
2699:
1931:Beaujolais Food and Wine pairing
1613:Styles, Oliver (June 20, 2005).
1419:(which owns Moulin-à-Vent-based
1363:Basic Beaujolais is the classic
995:Bottle of Côte de Brouilly wine.
206:
1760:from the original on 2016-03-03
1664:The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia
1501:dishes. According to Lyon chef
1218:Viticulture and grape varieties
607:Cru Beaujolais region of Régnié
403:and winemaking was done by the
262:Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée
65:Appellation d'origine contrôlée
1086:that used to dot the hillside.
411:and was ruled by the Lords of
1:
2954:Glossary of viticulture terms
1688:Samuel, Henry. (2006-07-05.)
949:" (Go! And sin no more.) as "
756:) The wine may be labeled as
653:The climate of Beaujolais is
2959:Glossary of winemaking terms
1567:The Oxford Companion to Wine
1383:flavors such as bananas and
1331:body. Maximum length of the
1160:and can last up to 20 years.
826:Cru Beaujolais from Brouilly
768:is 58 hl/ha (63 hl/ha for a
760:in case the minimum natural
752:is 60 hl/ha (65 hl/ha for a
383:valley. The most noticeable
1186:"Le Beaujolais Est Arrivé!"
391:located on the hillside of
32:Beaujolais (disambiguation)
3688:
3657:Former provinces of France
2879:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
1588:Vintage: The Story of Wine
1292:
1168:
29:
3051:
2987:
2969:History of the wine press
2859:Sparkling wine production
2693:
1962:
1912:French wine vintage chart
1907:Beaujolais Wines Homepage
1806:"French Wine for Dummies"
951:Allez! Et ne pissez plus.
947:Allez! Et ne péchez plus.
327:. It is located north of
51:
42:
2964:Wine tasting descriptors
2685:Wine tasting descriptors
2614:Phenolic content in wine
2506:Alternative wine closure
2090:Great French Wine Blight
1452:Serving and food pairing
2854:Malolactic fermentation
1696:. Retrieved 2007-10-04.
1515:List of vins de primeur
1403:Wine yard in Beaujolais
1344:malolactic fermentation
1074:. In ideal vintages, a
810:Beaujolais-Villages AOC
667:Mediterranean influence
661:. The proximity of the
3672:Wine regions of France
3349:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1941:Domaine de la Merlette
1707:"The grapes of wrath."
1461:
1404:
1306:
1270:, and light to medium
1180:
996:
894:
827:
744:. The minimum natural
724:
690:based soils with some
626:Villefranche-sur-Saône
608:
500:Burgundy and into the
471:
425:French railroad system
321:Province of Beaujolais
2655:Wine and food pairing
1921:-Including Beaujolais
1459:
1425:Bouchard Père et Fils
1402:
1302:
1178:
1148:and alter the vine's
994:
892:
825:
722:
612:province is Beaujeu (
606:
599:Climate and geography
519:, French wine critic
469:
325:wine-producing region
3091:Languedoc-Roussillon
2306:Muscat of Alexandria
1484:Beaujolais wine can
1289:Winemaking and style
758:Beaujolais Supérieur
659:temperate influences
577:Vins Georges Duboeuf
539:Rather than sue for
30:For other uses, see
2884:Yeast in winemaking
2836:Carbonic maceration
1565:J. Robinson (ed.).
1421:Château des Jacques
1295:Carbonic maceration
986:Mary Ewing-Mulligan
774:Beaujolais-Villages
361:carbonic maceration
108: /
39:
3662:Rhône (department)
2874:Traditional method
2675:Wine personalities
2379:Cabernet Sauvignon
1917:2016-03-03 at the
1712:2008-04-22 at the
1462:
1417:Maison Louis Jadot
1405:
1307:
1304:Beaujolais nouveau
1181:
1171:Beaujolais Nouveau
1165:Beaujolais nouveau
997:
927:Melon de Bourgogne
895:
828:
725:
609:
558:The New York Times
472:
436:Beaujolais nouveau
365:Beaujolais nouveau
186:Melon de Bourgogne
3610:
3609:
3124:
3123:
3116:South West France
3011:
3010:
3005:
3004:
2775:Late harvest wine
2725:
2724:
2462:
2461:
2359:Alicante Bouschet
2107:Judgment of Paris
1226:style, where the
665:does impart some
663:Mediterranean Sea
582:L'Affaire Duboeuf
497:Philippe the Good
493:Philippe the Bold
417:Duchy of Burgundy
359:, for the use of
199:
198:
16:(Redirected from
3679:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3627:
3626:
3618:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3128:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3015:
2996:
2995:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2729:
2704:
2703:
2619:Proteins in wine
2286:Grüner Veltliner
2234:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1966:
1947:
1895:
1880:
1841:
1838:
1817:
1802:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1748:
1740:
1734:
1726:
1720:
1705:Walt, Vivienne:
1703:
1697:
1692:(News website.)
1686:
1675:
1660:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1610:
1599:
1584:
1578:
1563:
1283:clonal selection
1256:Gamay Beaujolais
1202:
1197:bonded warehouse
1114:
1113:
1068:
1067:
1033:
1032:
1019:
1018:
1005:
1004:
1003:Côte de Brouilly
971:
970:
961:
960:
903:
902:
851:Beaujolais Blanc
812:
811:
797:
796:
655:semi-continental
640:with nearly 100
489:Duke of Burgundy
310:Côte Chalonnaise
258:
256:[boʒɔlɛ]
253:
247:
243:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
123:
122:
120:
119:
118:
113:
109:
106:
105:
104:
101:
71:Year established
56:
40:
21:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3635:
3633:
3621:
3613:
3611:
3606:
3560:
3539:
3513:
3439:North Macedonia
3322:
3211:
3160:
3158:Wine by country
3155:
3125:
3120:
3047:
3042:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2998:Wine portal
2990:
2983:
2974:History of wine
2932:
2916:
2888:
2840:
2822:
2803:Deacidification
2789:
2761:
2756:
2726:
2721:
2706:Wine portal
2698:
2689:
2628:
2590:
2495:
2485:
2458:
2345:
2326:Sauvignon blanc
2261:Cayetana blanca
2229:
2227:grape varieties
2220:
2113:
2041:
1998:
1993:
1958:
1936:Wine Region map
1919:Wayback Machine
1903:
1898:
1881:
1844:
1839:
1820:
1803:
1772:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1714:Wayback Machine
1704:
1700:
1694:Telegraph.co.uk
1687:
1678:
1661:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1612:
1611:
1602:
1585:
1581:
1564:
1527:
1523:
1511:
1454:
1397:
1297:
1291:
1220:
1200:
1173:
1167:
1111:
1110:
1065:
1064:
1030:
1029:
1016:
1015:
1009:extinct volcano
1002:
1001:
968:
967:
958:
957:
900:
899:
884:
882:Beaujolais crus
875:grape varieties
855:Beaujolais Rosé
809:
808:
794:
793:
717:
601:
510:
464:
440:Georges Duboeuf
373:
251:
245:
241:
209:
205:
158:Grapes produced
128:Soil conditions
116:
114:
110:
107:
102:
99:
97:
95:
94:
93:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3685:
3683:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3667:Saône-et-Loire
3664:
3659:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3631:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3509:United Kingdom
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3369:Czech Republic
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3131:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3018:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2898:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2864:Sugars in wine
2861:
2856:
2850:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2813:Chaptalization
2810:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2732:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2640:Classification
2636:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2624:Sugars in wine
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2596:Wine chemistry
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2571:Wine dispenser
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2374:Cabernet Franc
2371:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2341:Welschriesling
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2296:Müller-Thurgau
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2242:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:Ancient Greece
2060:
2051:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2008:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1922:
1909:
1902:
1901:External links
1899:
1897:
1896:
1884:The Wine Bible
1842:
1818:
1770:
1735:
1721:
1698:
1676:
1636:
1600:
1579:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1507:
1486:be paired with
1453:
1450:
1396:
1393:
1319:Carbon dioxide
1290:
1287:
1219:
1216:
1208:vin de l'année
1169:Main article:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1121:
1107:
1087:
1057:
1056:
1026:
1012:
983:Master of Wine
979:
978:
964:
954:
883:
880:
879:
878:
848:
832:Cru Beaujolais
820:
819:
805:
802:sulfur dioxide
795:Beaujolais AOC
778:chaptalization
738:Bas Beaujolais
716:
713:
700:Bas Beaujolais
634:Massif Central
600:
597:
593:chaptalization
564:Herald Tribune
521:François Mauss
509:
506:
463:
460:
409:Beaujeu, Rhône
385:Roman vineyard
372:
369:
341:Saône-et-Loire
316:put together.
284:grapes though
259:) is a French
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
164:with a little
159:
155:
154:
151:
147:
146:
129:
125:
124:
112:46.15°N 4.65°E
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
49:
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3684:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3642:
3632:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3616:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:South America
3563:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3536:
3535:United States
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:North America
3516:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3414:Liechtenstein
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3147:
3145:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3046:
3039:
3034:
3032:
3027:
3025:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2919:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2748:
2746:
2741:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2609:Acids in wine
2607:
2605:
2604:Aroma of wine
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2493:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2468:Major regions
2465:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2424:Montepulciano
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1978:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1892:1-56305-434-5
1889:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1814:0-7645-5354-2
1811:
1807:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1756:
1752:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1672:0-7566-1324-8
1669:
1665:
1662:T. Stevenson
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1596:0-671-68702-6
1593:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1575:0-19-860990-6
1572:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1466:Karen MacNeil
1458:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1446:Alain Jugenet
1443:
1438:
1437:co-operatives
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1395:Wine industry
1394:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1324:intracellular
1320:
1316:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1236:vine training
1233:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1177:
1172:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:fûts de chêne
1131:
1127:
1126:
1125:Moulin-à-Vent
1122:
1119:
1115:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:Julius Caesar
1093:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1037:Roman soldier
1034:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1006:
999:
998:
993:
989:
987:
984:
976:
972:
965:
962:
955:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
931:Pisse Vieille
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
897:
896:
891:
887:
881:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
849:
846:
841:
838:, the phrase
837:
833:
830:
829:
824:
817:
813:
806:
803:
798:
791:
790:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
762:alcohol level
759:
755:
751:
747:
746:alcohol level
743:
739:
735:
730:
721:
714:
712:
710:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
675:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
644:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
605:
598:
596:
594:
590:
585:
583:
578:
575:In 2005, the
573:
571:
566:
565:
560:
559:
554:
553:
548:
547:
542:
537:
535:
531:
527:
522:
518:
517:
507:
505:
503:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
468:
461:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
429:Cyrus Redding
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:Mont Brouilly
390:
386:
382:
378:
370:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
349:Burgundy wine
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:
257:
249:
248:
236:
203:
194:
192:Wine produced
190:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
160:
156:
152:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
130:
126:
121:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
55:
50:
47:
46:
41:
33:
19:
3197:South Africa
3096:Loire Valley
3060:
2989:
2846:Fermentation
2697:
2680:Wine tasting
2301:Muscat blanc
2271:Chenin blanc
2068:Ancient Rome
1883:
1805:
1762:. Retrieved
1751:inao.gouv.fr
1750:
1738:
1729:
1724:
1716:
1701:
1693:
1663:
1627:. Retrieved
1619:Decanter.com
1618:
1587:
1582:
1566:
1483:
1464:Wine expert
1463:
1442:Kermit Lynch
1432:
1428:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1376:
1362:
1337:
1332:
1315:fermentation
1308:
1276:
1245:
1221:
1207:
1205:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1154:vin de garde
1153:
1133:
1123:
1109:
1089:
1083:
1076:vin de garde
1075:
1063:
1058:
1053:vin de garde
1052:
1028:
1023:vin de garde
1022:
1014:
1000:
980:
966:
956:
950:
946:
930:
898:
885:
870:
854:
850:
839:
831:
815:
807:
792:
773:
757:
737:
726:
715:Appellations
699:
676:
652:
641:
629:
617:
613:
610:
586:
581:
576:
574:
569:
562:
556:
550:
544:
538:
533:
526:vin de merde
525:
514:
511:
473:
444:distillation
433:
412:
388:
374:
318:
290:light-bodied
260:
201:
200:
43:
3556:New Zealand
3499:Switzerland
3444:Netherlands
3293:Philippines
3045:French wine
2949:Wine bottle
2921:Other steps
2912:Wine cellar
2869:Süssreserve
2561:Wine cellar
2551:Wine bottle
2492:accessories
2490:Packaging,
2449:Tempranillo
2078:Noah's wine
2058:Phoenicians
2004:Viticulture
1882:K. MacNeil
1586:H. Johnson
1503:Paul Bocuse
1266:, moderate
1041:St. Amateur
1031:Saint-Amour
919:raspberries
911:blueberries
770:bumper crop
754:bumper crop
648:Saint-Véran
630:Velafranche
481:Black Death
462:Gamay grape
448:oak barrels
405:Benedictine
401:viticulture
337:Rhône-Alpes
182:Pinot blanc
117:46.15; 4.65
115: /
45:Wine region
3651:Categories
3469:San Marino
3434:Montenegro
3419:Luxembourg
3273:Kazakhstan
3233:Azerbaijan
3061:Beaujolais
2828:Maceration
2818:Wine press
2808:Destemming
2759:Winemaking
2665:Wine fraud
2660:Wine fault
2645:Oenophilia
2581:Wine label
2576:Wine glass
2541:Port tongs
2439:Sangiovese
2434:Pinot noir
2394:Douce noir
2321:Rkatsiteli
2266:Chardonnay
2256:Catarratto
2230:by acreage
2204:Biodynamic
2167:Aromatized
1956:winemaking
1925:Beaujolais
1764:2022-09-10
1521:References
1433:négociants
1415:, such as
1413:négociants
1409:négociants
1389:Burgundian
1385:pear drops
1340:malic acid
1293:See also:
1279:rootstocks
1260:California
1258:grapes of
1252:Napa Gamay
1248:teinturier
1199:till 12:01
1150:metabolism
1138:wine label
969:Chiroubles
943:absolution
859:Chardonnay
776:. Maximum
742:Belleville
657:with some
476:pinot noir
389:Brulliacus
357:winemaking
296:. In some
282:Chardonnay
278:varietally
202:Beaujolais
178:Pinot gris
170:Chardonnay
166:Pinot noir
150:Total area
38:Beaujolais
3572:Argentina
3551:Australia
3288:Palestine
3076:Champagne
2780:Noble rot
2670:Winemaker
2650:Sommelier
2586:Wine rack
2566:Wine cork
2556:Wine cave
2546:Screw cap
2516:Corkscrew
2481:New World
2476:Old World
2454:Zinfandel
2429:Mourvèdre
2336:Trebbiano
2276:Colombard
2177:Noble rot
2157:Fortified
2135:Sparkling
2102:New World
1429:négociant
1375:known as
1353:stabilize
1349:mouthfeel
1146:chlorosis
1142:manganese
867:Mâconnais
863:limestone
704:sandstone
692:limestone
638:Mâconnais
552:The Times
314:Mâconnais
306:Côte d'Or
153:10,500 ha
144:sandstone
3592:Paraguay
3484:Slovenia
3479:Slovakia
3454:Portugal
3354:Bulgaria
3308:Thailand
3223:Abkhazia
3202:Tanzania
3182:Ethiopia
3101:Provence
3071:Burgundy
3066:Bordeaux
2795:Pressing
2717:Glossary
2633:Industry
2526:Jug wine
2521:Decanter
2511:Box wine
2409:Isabella
2404:Grenache
2384:Carignan
2331:Sémillon
2316:Riesling
2311:Palomino
2054:Ancient
2037:Vineyard
2032:Veraison
2017:Oenology
1915:Archived
1755:Archived
1710:Archived
1629:March 1,
1623:Archived
1509:See also
1499:bacalhau
1490:apéritif
1475:decanted
1333:cuvaison
1254:and the
1212:quaffing
1118:apricots
1091:Juliénas
939:Catholic
923:currants
915:cherries
901:Brouilly
871:communes
845:windmill
786:fructose
643:communes
570:Lyon Mag
561:and the
546:Le Monde
534:Lyon Mag
516:Lyon Mag
508:Scandals
345:Burgundy
298:vintages
91:Burgundy
18:Brouilly
3615:Portals
3602:Uruguay
3577:Bolivia
3544:Oceania
3504:Ukraine
3459:Romania
3429:Moldova
3404:Ireland
3399:Hungary
3389:Germany
3384:Georgia
3374:Denmark
3359:Croatia
3344:Belgium
3339:Austria
3334:Albania
3318:Vietnam
3278:Lebanon
3228:Armenia
3207:Tunisia
3192:Namibia
3187:Morocco
3172:Algeria
3081:Corsica
2979:Terroir
2937:Related
2785:Vintage
2767:Harvest
2712:Outline
2536:Muselet
2498:storage
2389:Cinsaut
2364:Barbera
2291:Macabeo
2251:Aligoté
2209:Organic
2199:Natural
2152:Dessert
2097:Georgia
2047:History
2027:Terroir
2022:Species
1717:CNN.com
1373:bottles
1360:-like.
1268:tannins
1264:acidity
1232:chalice
1224:gobelet
1100:peonies
1084:(chêne)
1049:peaches
1045:mission
1017:Fleurie
975:violets
816:commune
782:glucose
709:harvest
688:granite
622:Arpitan
502:granite
485:ripened
452:terroir
413:Beaujeu
371:History
302:Chablis
294:acidity
286:Aligoté
275:labeled
271:tannins
252:French:
174:Aligoté
132:Granite
100:46°09′N
87:Part of
79:Country
3641:France
3582:Brazil
3530:Mexico
3525:Canada
3494:Sweden
3474:Serbia
3464:Russia
3449:Poland
3394:Greece
3379:France
3364:Cyprus
3327:Europe
3313:Turkey
3303:Taiwan
3268:Jordan
3258:Israel
3238:Bhutan
3165:Africa
3056:Alsace
2944:Winery
2907:Solera
2531:Kvevri
2419:Merlot
2414:Malbec
2214:Kosher
2190:Other
2145:Orange
2118:Styles
2085:France
1927:-Intro
1890:
1812:
1670:
1594:
1573:
1479:boules
1470:served
1423:) and
1381:estery
1371:glass
1365:bistro
1358:Jell-O
1328:oxygen
1201:
1112:Morgon
1082:trees
1066:Chénas
1051:. The
959:Régnié
907:aromas
853:&
836:Alsace
734:Régnié
684:schist
618:Biôjœr
589:tonnes
397:Morgon
377:Romans
335:, the
136:schist
103:4°39′E
82:France
3587:Chile
3489:Spain
3424:Malta
3409:Italy
3298:Syria
3283:Nepal
3263:Japan
3248:India
3243:China
3177:Egypt
3111:Savoy
3106:Rhône
2894:Aging
2444:Syrah
2399:Gamay
2369:Bobal
2281:Glera
2246:Airén
2238:White
2194:Table
2182:Straw
2172:Fruit
2130:White
2073:China
1952:Wines
1758:(PDF)
1747:(PDF)
1312:yeast
1240:guyot
1228:spurs
1158:aging
1072:roses
766:yield
750:yield
679:soils
672:frost
614:Bôjor
541:libel
421:Rhône
381:Saône
353:Rhône
343:, in
333:Rhône
267:Gamay
244:-zhə-
162:Gamay
3629:Wine
3597:Peru
3253:Iran
3216:Asia
3086:Jura
2496:and
2225:Top
2140:Rosé
1996:Wine
1954:and
1888:ISBN
1810:ISBN
1668:ISBN
1631:2020
1592:ISBN
1571:ISBN
1497:and
1444:and
1377:pots
1369:pint
1281:and
1272:body
1104:Gaul
945:to "
935:piss
921:and
729:INAO
696:clay
686:and
677:The
530:shit
528:" ("
387:was
329:Lyon
323:, a
312:and
184:and
142:and
140:clay
74:1936
61:Type
2902:Oak
2351:Red
2162:Ice
2125:Red
1495:cod
1130:oak
1080:oak
909:of
840:cru
788:).
620:in
456:Cru
246:LAY
242:BOH
3653::
1845:^
1821:^
1773:^
1749:.
1679:^
1639:^
1621:.
1617:.
1603:^
1528:^
1481:.
1448:.
917:,
913:,
784:+
674:.
650:.
616:/
572:.
555:,
549:,
491:,
367:.
308:,
304:,
250:,
232:eɪ
217:oʊ
176:,
172:,
138:,
134:,
3617::
3150:e
3143:t
3136:v
3037:e
3030:t
3023:v
2751:e
2744:t
2737:v
2494:,
1988:e
1981:t
1974:v
1894:.
1816:.
1767:.
1674:.
1633:.
1598:.
1577:.
1106:.
1039:(
977:.
628:(
524:"
235:/
229:l
226:ˈ
223:ə
220:ʒ
214:b
211:ˌ
208:/
204:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.