863:
47:
366:. Sepals suborbiculate, concave, coriaceous, erect, their margins ciliate. Petals hypogynous, in a single row on the slightly convex receptacle, oblong, concave, rounded at the extremity, fleshy, twice the length of the sepals, white or rose-colored. Stamens about twenty, hypogynous, the filaments connate into a tube crenulate at the summit, and slightly extended above the linear anthers, which are adnate to its outer face, and longitudinally two-valved.
91:
66:
412:, it is said to grow sometimes to the height of 50 feet. The principal branches are slender, horizontal, and spreading, forming a compact round-headed top. The light gray bark of the trunk is an eighth of an inch thick, the surface is broken into many short thick scales rarely more than 2-3 in long, and about twice the thickness of the pale yellow, aromatic inner bark. The leaves are
370:
free, included in the androecium, cylindrical or oblong-conical, one-celled, with two parietal placentas, few-ovuled; style short, fleshy, the summit two or three-lobed, stigmatic; ovules arcuate, horizontal or descending, imperfectly anatropous, attached by a short funiculus. Fruit globular or
845:, ed. (1847). "A Letter addressed to the Chapter of Seville by Dr. Chanca, native of that city, and physician to the fleet of Columbus, in his second voyage to the West Indies, describing the principal events which occurred during that voyage".
420:; they are 3.5-5.0 in long, 1.5-2.0 in broad, bright deep green, and lustrous. The flowers open in the autumn, and the fruit ripens in March and April, when it is bright crimson, soft, and fleshy, and is eaten by many birds.
535:
We found there a tree whose leaf had the finest smell of cloves that I have ever met with; it was like a laurel leaf, but not so large: but I think it was a species of laurel.
1543:
1072:
375:
reniform, suspended; testa thick, crustaceous, shining black; tegmen soft, membranaceous. Embryo curved, near the summit of the copious oleo-fleshy albumen, its
1372:
1098:
1623:
531:
was one of the first
American trees to attract the attention of Europeans, and it is mentioned in the accounts of many of the early voyages to America:
1504:
1268:
1020:
1556:
1517:
1333:
1281:
1085:
1033:
637:
628:
1411:
1124:
725:
552:
one of the most ornamental of the smaller south
Florida trees. It was introduced into England in 1738, and was first cultivated in Europe by
1633:
465:
1648:
398:; it is dark red-brown, and the thick sapwood consists of 25 to 30 layers of annual growth, light brown or yellow in color. The
1643:
1530:
1307:
1059:
1561:
1338:
1090:
446:, from the form of a roll or quill which it assumed in drying, and was later transferred to the West Indian tree. The genus
633:
408:
attains in
Florida a height of 25 to 30 feet, with a straight trunk eight to 10 inches in diameter. On the mountains of
1320:
968:
1628:
1569:
1424:
1137:
451:
343:
A tree, with scaly aromatic bark, stout ashy gray branchlets conspicuously marked with large orbicular leaf-scars.
178:
1377:
1103:
770:
90:
1574:
1429:
1142:
756:
540:
27:
1260:
1255:
1007:
921:
480:
395:
1210:
402:
of the absolutely dry wood grown in
Florida is 0.9893; a cubic foot of the dry wood weighs 61.65 pounds.
362:
composed of several dichotomously branched cymes from the axis of the upper leaves or of minute caducous
1012:
597:
442:
201:
1522:
1286:
619:
1038:
760:
661:
243:
842:
55:
1364:
1595:
1450:
1163:
1129:
573:
IUCN SSC Global Tree
Specialist Group; Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) (2020).
394:
is very heavy and exceedingly hard, strong, and close-grained, with numerous thin, inconspicuous
231:
85:
1416:
1548:
1351:
46:
1491:
1385:
1229:
1111:
1077:
981:
721:
700:
479:
is widely distributed, and not uncommon on the
Florida Keys, where it was first discovered by
20:
1390:
1116:
671:
592:
417:
399:
347:
1638:
574:
268:
222:
128:
1403:
416:, round or slightly emarginate at the apex, and contracted into a short, stout, grooved
1398:
1221:
460:
432:
367:
115:
1617:
1346:
959:
692:
657:
583:
553:
252:
218:
75:
70:
1600:
1496:
1455:
1168:
286:
1234:
986:
973:
871:
665:
483:. It generally grows under the shade of larger trees in dense forests composed of
1482:
944:
1359:
1294:
1204:
1046:
953:
485:
371:
slightly ovate, fleshy, minutely pointed with the base of the persistent style.
337:
161:
1195:
458:
is an artifact from a period when this plant was confused with Winter's bark,
440:, a cane or reed, was first applied to the bark of the Old World tree cassia,
355:
151:
141:
548:
The white bark, the brilliant deep green foliage, and crimson fruit make the
1242:
994:
521:
497:
380:
282:
1587:
1325:
1155:
782:
This article incorporates text from
Sargent, which is in the public domain.
358:. Flowers arranged in a many-flowered subcorymbose terminal or subterminal
1442:
904:
1582:
1476:
1437:
1189:
1150:
938:
515:
509:
491:
294:
290:
890:
882:
1509:
1273:
1025:
898:
696:
503:
413:
409:
376:
359:
351:
333:
275:
1299:
1051:
436:
329:
317:
915:
764:
826:
670:(14th ed.). Typis et impensis Jo. Christ. Dieterich. pp.
1535:
1312:
1247:
1064:
999:
363:
325:
321:
271:
102:
387:
372:
344:
919:
19:
This article is about the plant. For people with the name, see
910:
877:
1466:
1179:
928:
831:. Vol. 2. London: James Phillips. p. 320.
811::275. T.Osborne & J. Shipton: London, UK. (See
598:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T181217390A181464875.en
716:Austin, Daniel F.; Honychurch, P. Narodny (2004).
533:
8:
916:
354:, penniveined, entire, pellucid-punctate,
64:
45:
34:
794:in International Plant Names Index. (see
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
739:
737:
697:"Laurus foliis enerviis obovatis obtusis"
596:
293:. Its bark is used as a spice similar to
892:The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica
809:The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica
638:United States Department of Agriculture
629:Germplasm Resources Information Network
565:
847:Select letters of Christopher Columbus
7:
1624:IUCN Red List least concern species
584:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
297:, giving rise to the common names
14:
769:. Vol. 1. Boston, New York:
1575:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:465207-1
1430:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:146013-1
1143:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331458-2
89:
720:. CRC Press. pp. 162–164.
1:
771:Houghton, Mifflin and company
634:Agricultural Research Service
464:, which is itself named for
825:Woodville, William (1792).
324:3, imbricated, persistent;
1665:
1634:Monotypic magnoliid genera
849:. Vol. 2. p. 23.
766:The silva of North America
591:: e.T181217390A181464875.
350:, alternate, destitute of
25:
18:
237:
230:
207:
200:
86:Scientific classification
84:
62:
53:
44:
37:
757:Sargent, Charles Sprague
431:, the diminutive of the
26:Not to be confused with
1649:Neotropical realm flora
450:was erected in 1756 by
281:, a tree native to the
1644:Trees of the Caribbean
807:Patrick Browne. 1756.
546:
454:. The species epithet
761:Faxon, Charles Edward
662:Murray, Johan Andreas
443:Cinnamomum aromaticum
843:Major, Richard Henry
667:Systema Vegetabilium
541:Diego Álvarez Chanca
332:monadelphous. Fruit
718:Florida ethnobotany
56:Conservation status
320:perfect, regular;
1629:Canellales genera
1611:
1610:
1386:Open Tree of Life
1211:Canella winterana
1181:Canella winterana
1112:Open Tree of Life
922:Taxon identifiers
727:978-0-8493-2332-4
702:Species Plantarum
622:Canella winterana
577:Canella winterana
340:, 2 to 4-seeded.
279:Canella winterana
260:
259:
211:Canella winterana
193:C. winterana
182:
79:
21:Canella (surname)
1656:
1604:
1603:
1591:
1590:
1578:
1577:
1565:
1564:
1552:
1551:
1539:
1538:
1526:
1525:
1513:
1512:
1500:
1499:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1468:Laurus winterana
1459:
1458:
1446:
1445:
1433:
1432:
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1419:
1407:
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989:
977:
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962:
949:
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947:
917:
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839:
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773:. pp. 35–38
753:
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679:
654:
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647:
645:
644:
616:
610:
609:
607:
605:
600:
570:
544:
400:specific gravity
379:next the hilum;
255:
249:Laurus winterana
246:
213:
177:
94:
93:
73:
68:
67:
49:
35:
1664:
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1659:
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1516:
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1423:
1415:
1410:
1402:
1397:
1389:
1384:
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1363:
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1311:
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1259:
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1218:
1209:
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1203:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1175:
1167:
1162:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1128:
1123:
1115:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1089:
1084:
1076:
1071:
1063:
1058:
1050:
1045:
1037:
1032:
1024:
1019:
1011:
1006:
998:
993:
985:
980:
972:
967:
958:
957:
952:
943:
942:
937:
924:
907:
901:
895:
887:
874:
868:
860:
855:
854:
841:
840:
836:
824:
823:
819:
806:
802:
790:
786:
776:
774:
755:
754:
735:
728:
715:
714:
710:
691:
690:
686:
677:
675:
656:
655:
651:
642:
640:
618:
617:
613:
603:
601:
572:
571:
567:
562:
545:
539:
474:
426:
328:5, imbricated;
315:
274:containing the
251:
247:
242:
226:
215:
209:
196:
176:
88:
80:
69:
65:
58:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1662:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1601:wfo-0000364258
1592:
1579:
1566:
1553:
1540:
1527:
1514:
1501:
1488:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1456:wfo-0000583977
1447:
1434:
1421:
1408:
1395:
1382:
1369:
1356:
1343:
1330:
1317:
1304:
1291:
1278:
1265:
1252:
1239:
1226:
1216:
1201:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1169:wfo-4000006535
1160:
1147:
1134:
1121:
1108:
1095:
1082:
1069:
1056:
1043:
1030:
1017:
1004:
991:
978:
965:
950:
934:
932:
926:
925:
920:
914:
913:
899:Patrick Browne
880:
859:
858:External links
856:
853:
852:
834:
828:Medical botany
817:
813:External links
800:
796:External links
784:
733:
726:
708:
705:. p. 371.
693:Linnaeus, Carl
684:
658:Linnaeus, Carl
649:
611:
564:
563:
561:
558:
543:, January 1494
537:
481:J. L. Blodgett
473:
470:
466:William Winter
461:Drimys winteri
452:Patrick Browne
425:
422:
396:medullary rays
314:
311:
307:white cinnamon
258:
257:
235:
234:
228:
227:
216:
205:
204:
198:
197:
190:
188:
184:
183:
169:
165:
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159:
155:
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139:
132:
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119:
118:
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106:
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100:
96:
95:
82:
81:
63:
60:
59:
54:
51:
50:
42:
41:
16:Genus of trees
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1661:
1650:
1647:
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1642:
1640:
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1597:
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1576:
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1563:
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1528:
1524:
1519:
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1511:
1506:
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1498:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1457:
1452:
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1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
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1340:
1335:
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1322:
1318:
1314:
1309:
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1279:
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1266:
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1257:
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1223:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1187:
1186:
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1178:
1170:
1165:
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1157:
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1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
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1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
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1070:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
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1001:
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988:
983:
979:
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966:
961:
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946:
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936:
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797:
793:
788:
785:
772:
768:
767:
762:
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742:
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738:
734:
729:
723:
719:
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694:
688:
685:
673:
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668:
663:
659:
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631:
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623:
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578:
569:
566:
559:
557:
555:
554:Philip Miller
551:
542:
536:
532:
530:
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524:
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457:
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397:
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389:
384:
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378:
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369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
312:
310:
308:
304:
303:wild cinnamon
300:
299:cinnamon bark
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
277:
273:
270:
266:
265:
256:
254:
250:
245:
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206:
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202:Binomial name
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116:Tracheophytes
114:
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98:
97:
92:
87:
83:
77:
72:
71:Least Concern
61:
57:
52:
48:
43:
40:
36:
33:
29:
22:
1467:
1180:
929:
891:
883:
864:
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837:
827:
820:
812:
808:
803:
795:
791:
787:
775:. Retrieved
765:
717:
711:
701:
687:
676:. Retrieved
666:
652:
641:. Retrieved
627:
624:(L.) Gaertn"
621:
614:
602:. Retrieved
588:
582:
576:
568:
549:
547:
534:
528:
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472:Distribution
459:
455:
447:
441:
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428:
427:
405:
404:
391:
385:
342:
316:
306:
302:
298:
287:Florida Keys
278:
269:monospecific
263:
262:
261:
248:
240:Canella alba
239:
238:
210:
208:
192:
191:
172:
171:
135:
122:
109:
38:
32:
1404:kew-2696452
1360:NatureServe
1295:iNaturalist
1205:Wikispecies
1047:iNaturalist
954:Wikispecies
872:Plant Names
486:Sideroxylon
338:indehiscent
313:Description
162:Canellaceae
129:Angiosperms
1618:Categories
1399:Plant List
777:2009-10-11
678:2009-10-10
643:2009-10-10
604:7 December
560:References
381:cotyledons
356:coriaceous
152:Canellales
142:Magnoliids
1483:Q21975989
1352:181217390
1261:220002292
945:Q14550679
911:Botanicus
522:Nectandra
498:Swietenia
456:winterana
348:petiolate
285:from the
283:Caribbean
187:Species:
179:P. Browne
99:Kingdom:
1588:17805251
1583:Tropicos
1549:10456596
1536:465207-1
1477:Wikidata
1438:Tropicos
1365:2.160852
1313:146013-1
1196:Q2706419
1190:Wikidata
1156:40000686
1151:Tropicos
1065:331458-2
939:Wikidata
763:(1891).
695:(1753).
664:(1784).
538:—
516:Dipholis
510:Hypelate
492:Lysiloma
383:oblong.
352:stipules
295:cinnamon
291:Barbados
232:Synonyms
158:Family:
76:IUCN 3.1
1510:3153980
1443:5600007
1274:3877834
1078:1363699
1026:3153978
960:Canella
930:Canella
905:Authors
884:Canella
865:Canella
815:below).
798:below).
792:Canella
550:Canella
529:Canella
504:Bursera
477:Canella
448:Canella
429:Canella
418:petiole
414:obovate
410:Jamaica
406:Canella
392:Canella
377:radicle
360:panicle
334:baccate
330:stamens
318:Flowers
276:species
264:Canella
223:Gaertn.
173:Canella
168:Genus:
148:Order:
103:Plantae
74: (
39:Canella
1639:Spices
1562:184101
1412:PLANTS
1391:338488
1339:897265
1300:159817
1219:AoFP:
1125:PLANTS
1117:338495
1091:184099
1052:156964
1013:105514
974:154315
724:
519:, and
364:bracts
345:Leaves
326:petals
322:sepals
305:, and
244:Murray
225:, 1788
181:, 1756
28:Canela
1544:IRMNG
1523:21675
1497:6P4FD
1326:11156
1248:CBNAL
1130:CANEL
1073:IRMNG
1000:1CBNG
437:canna
433:Latin
373:Seeds
368:Ovary
272:genus
267:is a
136:Clade
123:Clade
110:Clade
1570:POWO
1557:ITIS
1531:IPNI
1518:GRIN
1505:GBIF
1425:POWO
1417:CAWI
1378:3426
1373:NCBI
1347:IUCN
1334:ITIS
1308:IPNI
1287:8848
1282:GRIN
1269:GBIF
1243:EPPO
1235:QLT5
1138:POWO
1104:3425
1099:NCBI
1086:ITIS
1060:IPNI
1039:2030
1034:GRIN
1021:GBIF
995:EPPO
987:3GST
969:APNI
878:IPNI
722:ISBN
674:–444
606:2022
589:2020
424:Name
388:wood
386:The
1596:WFO
1492:CoL
1451:WFO
1321:ISC
1256:FNA
1230:CoL
1222:945
1164:WFO
1008:FNA
982:CoL
908:At:
902:At:
896:At:
888:In:
875:At:
869:At:
672:443
593:doi
390:of
289:to
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