235:“body-makers” produced the body or vehicle itself, while the “carriage-makers” made the stronger timbers beneath and around the body. The timbers used included ash, beech, elm, oak, mahogany, cedar, pine, birch and larch. The tools and processes used were similar to those used in cabinet-making, plus other specific to coach-making. Making the curved woodwork alone called for considerable skill. Making the iron axles, springs and other metal used was the work of the “coach-smith,” one of the most highly paid classes of London workmen. The coating of the interior of the coach with leather and painting, trimming, and decorating the exterior called for specialist tradesmen with a high degree of skill. Building carts and wagons required similar skills, but of a coarser kind.
701:
184:
509:
647:
666:
272:
311:
63:
681:
55:
4812:
393:
4832:
40:
4822:
408:
544:
40,000), which is usually only considered practical when large numbers are involved—though that was the path taken by Rolls-Royce and
Bentley after 1945 for their own in-house production. Because dies for pressing metal panels are so costly, from the mid 20th century, many vehicles, most notably the
234:
Coach-building had reached a high degree of specialization in
Britain by the middle of the 19th century. Separate branches of the trade dealt with the timber, iron, leather, brass and other materials used in their construction. And there were many minor specialists with each of these categories. The
383:
combined chassis and body structures became standardised during the middle years of the 20th century to provide the rigidity required by improved suspension systems without incurring the heavy weight, and consequent fuel penalty of a truly rigid separate chassis. The improved more supple suspension
338:, later enclosed and protected by a shell or even reduced to an air intake, was or held the visual element identifying the chassis' brand. To let car manufacturers maintain some level of control over the final product their warranties could be voided if coachbuilders fitted unapproved bodies.
302:
by the craftsmen who had previously built bodies for horse-drawn carriages. Bespoke bodies are made of hand-shaped sheet metal, often aluminum alloy. Pressed or hand-shaped the metal panels were fastened to a wooden frame of particularly light but strong types of wood. Later many of the more
243:
From the beginning of the automobile industry manufacturers offered complete cars assembled in their own factories commonly using entire bodies made by specialist people using different skills. Soon after the start of the twentieth century mass production coachbuilders developed such as
341:
As well as bespoke bodies the same coachbuilders also made short runs of more-or-less identical bodies to the order of dealers or the manufacturer of a chassis. The same body design might then be adjusted to suit different brands of chassis. Examples include
326:(consisting of an engine, gearbox, differential, axles, and wheels), brakes, suspension, steering system, lighting system, spare wheel(s), front and rear mudguards (vulnerable and so made of pressed steel for strength and easy repair) and (later) bumpers,
3892:
Construction has always been a skilled trade requiring a relatively lightweight product with sufficient strength. The manufacture of necessarily fragile, but satisfactory wheels by a separate trade, a wheelwright, held together by iron or steel
560:
construction, where the car body is unified with and structurally integral to the chassis, made custom coachbuilding uneconomic. Many coachbuilders closed down, were bought by manufacturers, or changed their core business to other activities:
140:. Coachbuilders also made custom bodies for individual customers. The coachbuilder craftsmen who might once have built bespoke or custom bodies continue to build bodies for short runs of specialized commercial vehicles such as luxury
366:
Separate coachbuilt bodies became obsolete when vehicle manufacturers found they could no longer meet their customers' demands by relying on a simple separate chassis (on which a custom or bespoke body could be built) mounted on
553:-reinforced resin, which only require inexpensive molds. Glass has since been replaced by more sophisticated materials, if necessary hand-formed. Generally, these replace metal only where weight is of paramount importance.
700:
208:
303:
important structural features of the bespoke or custom body such as A, B and C pillars were cast alloy components. Some bodies such as those entirely alloy bodies fitted to some
430:
Larger car dealers or distributors would commonly preorder stock chassis and the bodies they thought most likely to sell and order them for sale off their showroom floor.
646:
665:
465:
produced before World War II. Delahaye had no in-house coachworks, so all its chassis were bodied by independents, who created their designs on the Type 135. For the
4868:
4177:
680:
706:
298:
There remained a market for bodies to fit low production, short-run and luxury cars. Custom or bespoke bodies were made and fitted to another manufacturer's
288:
Many coachbuilt chassis would come with all lights, standard instruments and their panel, engine cover, mudguards and running boards and spare wheel(s)
524:
Independent coachbuilders survived for a time after the mid-20th century, making bodies for the chassis produced by low-production companies such as
392:
603:
Manufacturing runs of special coachworks for trucks, delivery vans, touring cars, ambulances, fire engines, public transport vehicles, etc. (e.g.,
4218:
148:
or motor-home bodied upon a rolling chassis provided by an independent manufacturer. A 'conversion' is built inside an existing vehicle body.
3626:
4861:
4690:
120:
construction in the 1960s, there were many independent coachbuilders who built bodies on chassis provided by a manufacturer, often for
3236:
1436:
3516:
2351:
4182:
3460:
4043:
2028:
4854:
4715:
3618:
2925:
433:
All luxury vehicles during the automobile's Golden Era before World War II were available as chassis only. For example, when
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2879:
1696:
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261:
224:
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211:
was incorporated in 1630. Some
British coachmaking firms operating in the 20th century were established even earlier.
4187:
by Peter M. Larsen and Ben
Erickson. Details Jacques Kellner and George Paulin involvement in the French Resistance.
492:
The practice continued after World War II waning dramatically in the 1950s and 1960s. Rolls-Royce debuted its first
183:
5674:
4776:
3521:
3350:
2979:
2592:
604:
486:
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bodies with a patent device to raise or lower a convertible's roof, first used on their 19th-century carriages, or
4029:
5705:
3956:
497:
335:
271:
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3440:
1194:
2612:
1862:
70:
5540:
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3738:
3723:
3593:
3511:
2974:
2866:
2781:
2308:
454:
397:
280:
202:
85:
is a person or company who manufactures bodies for passenger-carrying vehicles. Coachwork is the body of an
4825:
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5235:
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4394:
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2994:
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2718:
2681:
2625:
2332:
652:
541:
327:
98:
584:
Transforming into general coachwork series manufacturers, subcontracting to automotive brands (e.g.
5505:
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5452:
5347:
5270:
5164:
5115:
5110:
5105:
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introduced their Model J, it was offered as chassis only, for $ 8,500. Other examples include the
5690:
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546:
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43:
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Transforming into dedicated design or styling houses, subcontracting to automotive brands (e.g.
384:
systems gave vehicles better road-holding and much improved the ride experienced by passengers.
1907:
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3419:
3414:
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2245:
2080:
192:
160:
110:
4000:
5649:
5442:
5367:
5265:
5223:
5159:
5001:
4705:
4632:
4448:
4377:
4094:"Wheelchair Accessible Vehicles, Mobility Cars, Disability Car, Adapted Vehicles for Sale"
4081:
4063:
3951:
3695:
3588:
3409:
2728:
2300:
2295:
2045:
691:
438:
401:
299:
168:
106:
415:
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54:
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3708:
3540:
1944:
1756:
1749:
1444:
846:
513:
442:
307:
cars contained little or no wood, and were mounted on a conventional steel chassis.
5659:
5613:
5583:
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4291:
4279:
3687:
3425:
2984:
1709:
304:
257:
2378:
2343:
1984:
1891:
851:
105:. A vehicle body constructed by a coachbuilder may be called a "coachbuilt body" (
5654:
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5520:
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5131:
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1950:
1898:
1482:
1470:
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960:
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450:
368:
284:
253:
212:
141:
133:
39:
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2084:
2021:
1856:
1839:
1654:
1602:
1516:
1387:
1383:
1188:
901:
630:), for example, or producers of various (aftermarket) automotive parts (e.g.,
550:
517:
434:
323:
125:
121:
86:
47:
31:
5726:‡ indicates vehicles that were used historically in public transport services
622:
Becoming technical partners for the development of roof constructions (e.g.,
5639:
5515:
5317:
5203:
5179:
5154:
5085:
4962:
4932:
4755:
4409:
4382:
4352:
4168:
Coachbuild.com: Encyclopedia of worldwide
Coachbuilders from past to present
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2011:
1967:
1957:
1938:
1849:
1803:
1454:
478:
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372:
331:
265:
17:
5629:
5525:
5250:
5228:
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4907:
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3029:
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2111:
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1397:
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1212:
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1039:
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968:
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466:
343:
276:
196:
5634:
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3005:
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2035:
1766:
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1702:
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1108:
627:
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407:
376:
319:
129:
117:
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4147:
3573:
3370:
3252:
3247:
3142:
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3015:
2723:
2424:
2415:
2394:
2262:
1974:
1825:
1719:
1687:
1674:
1644:
1529:
1270:
1198:
1079:
566:
474:
156:
4196:
4093:
2121:
Rheims & Auscher, La
Carrosserie Industrielle (Levallois-Perret)
58:
The coachbuilder's wooden frame fixed to its replica
Bentley chassis
3899:
From about AD 1000 rough vehicle construction was carried out by a
5482:
5352:
5337:
5260:
5174:
3483:
3107:
2434:
2269:
2255:
2238:
2188:
2161:
2115:
2073:
2059:
1789:
1782:
1729:
1606:
1536:
1489:
1301:
1294:
1225:
1202:
507:
406:
391:
309:
270:
182:
152:
61:
53:
38:
1599:
Esclassan – Tôlerie automobile et industrielle (Boulogne s/Seine)
5598:
5408:
5208:
4599:
4056:
4015:"Steel Bodies: In an Eggshell", in Ward, Ian, executive editor.
3894:
2807:
2066:
2052:
1991:
1934:
1616:
1376:
1331:
1321:
1181:
1174:
687:
102:
4850:
4200:
4238:
4129:
4111:
709:
modifications upon a mass-produced
Volkswagen platform chassis
90:
4167:
4172:
3990:(First ed.). London: Charles Knight. 1848. p. 677.
4130:"Hearse for Sale – Limousine for Sale – Wilcox Limousines"
4112:"Specialist Vehicle Converter & Supplier – MacNeillie"
4074:
209:
Worshipful
Company of Coachmakers and Coach Harness Makers
101:. The word "coach" was derived from the Hungarian town of
268:
in
Germany. Many other big businesses remain involved.
4044:"The Shanghai Horse Bazaar and Motor Company Limited"
1038:
The Shanghai Horse Bazaar and Motor Company Limited (
540:
is extremely expensive (a single door die can run to
151:
Many renowned automotive coachbuilders are based in
5683:
5622:
5549:
5491:
5427:
5401:
5188:
4888:
4769:
4731:
4681:
4670:
4620:
4547:
4487:
4439:
4418:
4255:
4246:
674:
2-seater body on a 1938 Alfa Romeo 6C 2300B chassis
4001:Early Pierce-Arrow cast aluminum body technology.
46:body frame ready to be clad in metal mounted on a
132:outsourced all bodywork to coachbuilders such as
3811:Survivors of the unibody production-line system
426:chassis for bodies by independent coachbuilders
27:Maker of bodies for passenger-carrying vehicles
3960:(1st ed.). Oxford University Press. 1933.
400:was only available from the manufacturer as a
231:, the oldest in the U.S., was formed in 1810.
4862:
4212:
4184:The Kellner Affair: Matters of Life and Death
8:
318:The car manufacturer would offer for sale a
3988:The Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge, Vol.IV
4869:
4855:
4847:
4678:
4252:
4219:
4205:
4197:
4019:(London: Orbis Publishing, 1974), p. 2178.
3907:(a carpenter who makes carts, from 1587);
1622:Faurax & Chaussende (since 1920, Lyon)
4030:"The Shanghai Body Builders of the 1920s"
3977:. (London: Grange-Universal, 1990), p.206
3422:(formerly Walter Alexander Coachbuilders)
5500:
4178:Goldarths: The Fine Art of Coachbuilding
3341:N.A.M. (Nederlandsche Auto-Maatschappij)
3943:
3903:, a wagon-builder. Later names include
3885:
642:
4173:Encyclopedia of American Coachbuilders
2107:Repusseau & Cie (Levallois-Perret)
1045:Universal Motor Car & Body Works (
163:, a coachbuilding company is called a
1875:Lamplugh & Cie (Levallois-Perret)
7:
4821:
549:, were clothed with large panels of
4794:Vehicle identification number (VIN)
834:Bogaerts, Stoelen & Van Ouytsel
3975:Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886–1930
3344:Nederlandsche Carrosseriefabrieken
2541:French Motor Car & Electric Co
25:
1725:Grange frères (Valence-sur-Rhône)
1552:Drouet & Gaucher (Courbevoie)
223:founded in 1710 by an officer in
4830:
4820:
4811:
4810:
4237:Part of a series of articles on
1615:Faurax (Paris since 1808, later
715:List of automobile coachbuilders
699:
679:
664:
645:
207:A British trade association the
3915:(from 1599). Subtrades include
3287:Van Beurden Carrosserie Holland
2871:Mantelli, Prato & Cornaglia
1980:MĂĽhlbacher & fils (Puteaux)
414:7-seater touring limousine for
314:Bugatti Type 57 rolling chassis
116:Prior to the popularization of
4191:Wheelchair Accessible Vehicles
3619:Walter Alexander Coachbuilders
2207:Vedrine & Cie (Courbevoie)
1612:Faget & Varnet (Levallois)
1290:Berlioz & Gouillon (Paris)
1028:H.S. Honisberg & Co., Inc.
1:
4628:Approach and departure angles
2217:Veuillet (Fleurieu-sur-Seine)
1838:La Carrosserie Industrielle (
1795:Jouan, carrosserie de cuirs (
512:Decapotable (convertible) by
416:HRH The Prince Regent of Iraq
281:Swallow Coachbuilding Company
4193:- Southern Mobility Vehicles
3897:, was always most critical.
2184:Vallas (St-Just en Chevalet)
1913:Maron-Pot (Levallois-Perret)
1596:Ehmgard et Delbenque (Paris)
1578:Duhamel et Compagnie (Paris)
1528:Desouches, David & Cie (
1502:DeCostier (Boulogne s/Seine)
1173:Achard, Fontanel & Cie (
1007:The Central Garage Company (
4691:Automotive light bulb types
2268:Willy van den Plas (Paris,
2131:Rungette (Levallois-Perret)
2010:Petitprez & Verschure (
1680:Frugier (Toulouse, Limoges)
1590:Duvivier (Levallois-Perret)
801:Weingartshofer & Griess
128:Many manufacturers such as
5760:
5675:Equestrian use of roadways
4006:accessed February 25, 2019
1488:Declerq & Cordonnier (
1343:Bonneville & Chabrol (
828:Auto-Carrosserie Nationale
334:. The very easily damaged
215:was active in the time of
200:
190:
29:
5724:
4806:
4234:
3957:Oxford English Dictionary
3929:Oxford English Dictionary
3517:J Gurney Nutting & Co
3061:Danziger Karosseriefabrik
1848:Lagache & Glaszmann (
1845:Lacoste frères (Toulouse)
1701:Gaudichet & Turquet (
1508:Delaroche & Turquet (
1505:Decultil & Cie (Lyon)
726:ABC Auto-Karosseriefabrik
4711:high-intensity discharge
4003:The Pierce-Arrow Society
3927:first appeared in 1794.
3653:Alex Madjaric Body Works
3512:H. J. Mulliner & Co.
3381:W J Van Trigt & Zoon
3361:Schutter & van Bakel
2309:Dannenhauer & Stauss
2007:Pelpel (Noyal s/Vilaine)
1778:Carrosserie Industrielle
1683:Gallé (Boulogne s/Seine)
1406:Chapelle & Jabouille
1360:Bourack & de Costier
1218:Ansart & Teisseire (
939:Pritchard & Demollin
798:Wiener Karosserie-Fabrik
792:Stadtherr & Klimesch
294:Specialist market sector
30:Not to be confused with
5670:Museums and collections
5541:Whippletree/double tree
4152:woodall-nicholson.co.uk
3724:Albert Fisher (Detroit)
3623:Wesleys Newport Pagnell
3355:Van Rijswijk & Zoon
3237:C. & R. Geissberger
2654:Beccaris & Teraschi
2100:Ravistre & Martel (
1625:Felber frères (Puteaux)
1021:Grand Garage Français (
455:Isotta Fraschini Tipo 8
398:Isotta Fraschini Tipo 8
203:Wainwright (occupation)
5521:Swingletree/singletree
4395:Stressed member engine
3564:Mulliners (Birmingham)
3526:John Hatchett (London)
2775:Fiandri & Malagoli
2386:Johann Michael Mayer (
1882:Letourneur et Marchand
1629:Fernandez & Darrin
1525:Derouault & Jongen
1328:Billeter & Cartier
1287:Bergeon & Descoins
1180:Ailloud & Dumond (
1140:Dansk Karosseri Fabrik
982:Vesters & Neirinck
840:Carrosserie Parisienne
735:Carl Blaha & Söhne
521:
469:, most were bodied by
427:
404:
354:convertible bodies by
315:
290:
188:
74:
59:
51:
4891:carriages and coaches
4527:Windshield/windscreen
4098:jubileemobility.co.uk
3714:Earl Automobile Works
3668:Bohman & Schwartz
3635:Wingham Martin Walter
2855:Locati & Torretta
2852:Locato & Viarengo
2701:Capozzi & Peraldo
2167:Tizot & Viguier (
2000:Philippe MĂĽhlbacher (
1878:Lavocat & Marsaud
1821:Kraemers fils (Paris)
1650:Floquet (Saint-Amand)
1565:Louis Dubos (Neuilly)
1430:Chatellard (Toulouse)
1426:Philippe Charbonneaux
1187:Alin & Liautard (
909:Lefèvre & Heuvels
874:Driessens & Oblin
786:Schreiner & Blaha
511:
410:
395:
388:Ultra-luxury vehicles
313:
274:
201:Further information:
187:Portugal 18th century
186:
146:recreational vehicles
65:
57:
42:
5493:Vehicle construction
5473:Trolley and lift van
5313:Limbers and caissons
4878:Horse-drawn vehicles
4696:Daytime running lamp
4017:World of Automobiles
3604:Thrupp & Maberly
3446:Crayford Engineering
3323:Van Leersum & Co
3139:Hijos de Labourdette
2846:Italiana Cooperativa
2079:Rambert & fils (
1904:Mandement (Toulouse)
1802:Jousse & Parsy (
1773:Hibbard & Darrin
1745:LĂ©on Hanovre (Paris)
1715:Gilotte (Courbevoie)
1000:The Auto Palace Co (
686:Fixed head coupé by
655:drophead coupé on a
504:Unibody construction
109:) or "custom body" (
95:horse-drawn carriage
5506:Front axle assembly
5191:carriages and carts
5111:Runabout (carriage)
4658:Weight distribution
4590:Omniview technology
4148:"Woodall Nicholson"
4032:. 27 December 2020.
3536:Jarvis of Wimbledon
2975:Sports Cars (Drogo)
2968:Sibona & Basano
2935:Pavesi & Crespi
2651:Beccaria & Canè
2450:Voll & Ruhrbeck
2325:Erdmann & Rossi
1956:Montel & fils (
1809:Justrobe (Toulouse)
1781:Jamet (La Guerche,
1547:La Garenne-Colombes
1102:Pokorny & Beiwl
889:GrĂĽmmer (Bruxelles)
707:HebmĂĽller Cabriolet
275:Swallow body on an
179:Horse-drawn origins
5378:Two-wheeled calash
4777:Registration plate
4080:2012-04-05 at the
4062:2012-04-24 at the
3627:Vincent of Reading
3559:Mulliner Park Ward
3479:Freestone and Webb
3385:Vandenbrink Design
3177:Bröderna Johansson
3068:Plage i Laśkiewicz
2456:Weinberger, Ludwig
2318:Dörr & Schreck
2051:Pralavorio Simon (
1916:Massias (Toulouse)
1818:Klapper (Toulouse)
1815:Kelsch (Levallois)
1677:(Levallois-Perret)
1637:(Boulogne s/Seine)
1635:Figoni et Falaschi
1463:Chicot (Levallois)
1422:(Levallois-Perret)
1410:Chappe et Gessalin
1403:Chabrol (Toulouse)
1396:Carde & fils (
1393:Candelarési (Lyon)
1307:Berton-Labourdette
1283:Belvallette Frères
1014:China Motors LTD (
985:Vogt & Demeuse
945:Seghers & Fils
915:Lorenz & Walch
547:Chevrolet Corvette
522:
483:Figoni et Falaschi
428:
405:
344:Salmons & Sons
336:honeycomb radiator
316:
291:
252:in Great Britain,
189:
75:
60:
52:
5731:
5730:
5081:Marathon carriage
4844:
4843:
4802:
4801:
4666:
4665:
4497:Glass run channel
4431:Trunk/boot/dickie
4228:Automotive design
4134:Wilcox Limousines
3849:Bus manufacturing
3837:Woodall-Nicholson
3329:Van Lijf & Co
3302:Gips & Jacobs
2589:Duffy Coachbodies
2187:Van den Bussche (
1693:Garros (Toulouse)
1466:Chilbourg (Paris)
1433:Chaussende (Lyon)
1414:Brie-Comte-Robert
921:Matthys & Osy
804:Weiser & Sohn
783:BrĂĽder Schafranek
536:. Producing body
459:Hispano-Suiza J12
264:in the U. S., or
217:Queen Elizabeth I
68:Bentley Speed Six
16:(Redirected from
5751:
5706:Carriage museums
5043:Horsebus/Omnibus
5027:Hackney carriage
4871:
4864:
4857:
4848:
4834:
4824:
4823:
4814:
4813:
4761:Window deflector
4744:Side-view mirror
4679:
4302:Continental tire
4265:Backbone chassis
4253:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4198:
4156:
4155:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4090:
4084:
4072:
4066:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4046:. 30 March 2020.
4040:
4034:
4033:
4026:
4020:
4013:
4007:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3984:
3978:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3948:
3932:
3923:, etc. The word
3890:
3662:Biddle and Smart
3420:Alexander Dennis
3308:Hover & Tiwi
3186:Hoflageribolaget
2550:Simpson & Co
2453:Weinberger, Karl
2340:GrĂĽmmer (Aachen)
2246:Levallois-Perret
2140:Soulé (Toulouse)
2081:Clermont-Ferrand
2017:Pezet (Toulouse)
1887:Le Vieux (Paris)
1871:
1718:Girardo frères (
1708:Henri Gauthier (
1340:Boneberge (Lyon)
1137:Carsten Jakobsen
1084:Klubal & Co.
1031:Hudford Garage (
703:
683:
668:
649:
193:Coach (carriage)
161:Italian language
111:American English
99:railway carriage
21:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5734:
5733:
5732:
5727:
5720:
5679:
5618:
5545:
5487:
5443:Conestoga wagon
5423:
5397:
5190:
5184:
4890:
4884:
4875:
4845:
4840:
4798:
4765:
4727:
4675:
4673:
4662:
4633:Breakover angle
4616:
4543:
4483:
4435:
4414:
4242:
4230:
4225:
4164:
4159:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4092:
4091:
4087:
4082:Wayback Machine
4075:Jankel web site
4073:
4069:
4064:Wayback Machine
4055:
4051:
4042:
4041:
4037:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4014:
4010:
3999:
3995:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3969:
3965:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3936:
3935:
3898:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3845:
3840:
3813:
3808:
3696:Darrin of Paris
3649:
3644:
3614:Vince & Son
3498:Holmes (London)
3410:Arthur Mulliner
3400:
3395:
3392:Veth & Zoon
3272:
3270:The Netherlands
3267:
3227:
3222:
3173:
3168:
3098:
3093:
3077:
3072:
3064:Feliks Strzalek
3054:
3049:
3042:
3037:
3025:
3020:
2849:Italo-Argentina
2605:
2600:
2582:
2577:
2561:
2556:
2547:Ruby Industries
2529:
2524:
2484:
2479:
2472:
2467:
2280:
2275:
2194:Van den Hende (
2150:Surirey (Flers)
2046:Rueil-Malmaison
1865:
1812:Kellner (Paris)
1558:Maurice Dumas (
1522:Deloche (Paris)
1230:Arthur Boulogne
1169:
1164:
1124:
1119:
1087:Julius Kubinsky
1060:
1055:
1053:
996:
991:
824:
819:
817:
814:
811:
808:
759:Ferdinand Keibl
747:Johann Heinrich
722:
717:
710:
704:
695:
692:Alfa Romeo 1900
684:
675:
669:
660:
650:
641:
506:
473:, Labourdette,
439:Bugatti Type 57
402:rolling chassis
390:
364:
330:(firewall) and
300:rolling chassis
296:
241:
205:
199:
191:Main articles:
181:
171:it is called a
169:French language
167:, while in the
107:British English
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5757:
5755:
5747:
5746:
5736:
5735:
5729:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5721:
5719:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5687:
5685:
5681:
5680:
5678:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5626:
5624:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5555:
5553:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5497:
5495:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5434:
5432:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5405:
5403:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5383:Un-sprung cart
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5323:Red River cart
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5292:Governess cart
5289:
5284:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5232:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5194:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5146:
5145:
5135:
5129:
5123:
5121:Spider phaeton
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5046:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4988:
4983:
4977:
4971:
4966:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4894:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4866:
4859:
4851:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4828:
4818:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4741:
4735:
4733:
4732:Other elements
4729:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4698:
4693:
4687:
4685:
4676:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4653:Turning radius
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4555:Bumper sticker
4551:
4549:
4548:Other elements
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4534:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4493:
4491:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4445:
4443:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4422:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4331:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4259:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4201:
4195:
4194:
4188:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4163:
4162:External links
4160:
4158:
4157:
4139:
4121:
4103:
4085:
4067:
4057:Coway web site
4049:
4035:
4021:
4008:
3993:
3979:
3963:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3780:
3775:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3749:
3744:
3743:KEM Motorworks
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3698:
3693:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3629:
3624:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3530:Jones Brothers
3527:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3489:Harold Radford
3486:
3481:
3476:
3473:
3471:Gordon England
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3401:
3399:
3398:United Kingdom
3396:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3253:Hermann Graber
3250:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3105:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3084:Frese & Co
3082:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2869:
2864:
2861:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2590:
2587:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2544:Press & Co
2542:
2539:
2538:Dykes & Co
2536:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2443:Styling Garage
2440:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2381:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2330:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2182:
2181:Tual (Tredion)
2179:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2148:
2141:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2108:
2105:
2098:
2095:
2088:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2015:
2008:
2005:
1998:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1942:
1931:
1926:Meulemeester (
1924:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1723:
1716:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1697:Gaston GrĂĽmmer
1694:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1672:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1648:
1641:
1640:Firmin (Paris)
1638:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1613:
1610:
1603:Facel-MĂ©tallon
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:Ehrler (Paris)
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1566:
1563:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1543:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1451:
1448:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1394:
1391:
1380:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1325:
1318:
1315:
1308:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1206:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1058:Czech Republic
1056:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
997:
995:
992:
990:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
966:
963:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
849:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
825:
823:
820:
806:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
768:Wilhelm KĂĽbler
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
712:
711:
705:
698:
696:
685:
678:
676:
670:
663:
661:
651:
644:
640:
637:
636:
635:
620:
601:
582:
556:The advent of
505:
502:
447:Packard Twelve
422:built only 18
389:
386:
363:
360:
295:
292:
240:
237:
180:
177:
71:Gurney Nutting
66:Original 1930
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5756:
5745:
5744:Coachbuilders
5742:
5741:
5739:
5723:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5711:Horse driving
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5701:Coachbuilders
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5682:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5569:Breast collar
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5552:
5548:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5526:Undercarriage
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5448:Covered wagon
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5431:
5428:Wagons &
5426:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5333:Sicilian cart
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5196:
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5187:
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5178:
5176:
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5148:
5144:
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5133:
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5127:
5124:
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5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
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5079:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
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5058:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4981:
4980:Concord coach
4978:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4872:
4867:
4865:
4860:
4858:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4827:
4819:
4817:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4768:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4669:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4570:Hood ornament
4568:
4566:
4565:Front-end bra
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4546:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4517:Quarter glass
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4373:Quarter panel
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4275:Body-on-frame
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4233:
4229:
4222:
4217:
4215:
4210:
4208:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
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4166:
4165:
4161:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4140:
4135:
4131:
4125:
4122:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4053:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4012:
4009:
4005:
4004:
3997:
3994:
3989:
3983:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3971:G.N. Georgano
3967:
3964:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3947:
3944:
3938:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3896:
3889:
3886:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3859:Body-on-frame
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3709:Dietrich Inc.
3707:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:Abbot-Downing
3655:
3652:
3651:
3647:United States
3646:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3554:Martin Walter
3552:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2959:
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2940:
2937:
2934:
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2927:
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2908:
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2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
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2845:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2639:Arrigo Perini
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2497:István Tücsök
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:Plenikowski (
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:Kruse (Husum)
2374:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2230:Wanaverbecq (
2229:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1963:Morel (Paris)
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1945:Million-Guiet
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1557:
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1459:
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1446:
1445:Gennevilliers
1442:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1405:
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1399:
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1392:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1375:Candelaresi (
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
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1349:
1346:
1342:
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1154:
1151:
1148:
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1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1116:Antonin Tomas
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
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1101:
1098:
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1089:
1086:
1083:
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870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:Jacques Coune
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
826:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
803:
800:
797:
795:Josef Swoboda
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
765:Köllensperger
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
741:Johann Grimas
740:
737:
734:
732:Josef Breiter
731:
728:
725:
724:
719:
714:
708:
702:
697:
693:
689:
682:
677:
673:
667:
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633:
629:
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621:
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587:
583:
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576:
572:
568:
564:
563:
562:
559:
554:
552:
548:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
519:
515:
514:Henri Chapron
510:
503:
501:
499:
498:Silver Shadow
496:model, their
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:Cadillac V-16
440:
436:
431:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
403:
399:
394:
387:
385:
382:
378:
374:
370:
361:
359:
357:
356:Martin Walter
353:
349:
345:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:chassis frame
312:
308:
306:
301:
293:
289:
286:
283:which became
282:
278:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
250:Pressed Steel
247:
238:
236:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
204:
198:
194:
185:
178:
176:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
142:motor coaches
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
72:
69:
64:
56:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5660:Driving club
5559:Bearing rein
5501:Coachbuilder
5303:Jaunting car
5236:Chasse-marée
5022:Four-in-hand
4889:Four-wheeled
4782:vanity plate
4721:trafficators
4532:washer fluid
4512:Power window
4507:Opera window
4419:Compartments
4307:Crumple zone
4292:Cabrio coach
4247:
4236:
4183:
4151:
4142:
4133:
4124:
4115:
4106:
4097:
4088:
4070:
4052:
4038:
4024:
4016:
4011:
4002:
3996:
3987:
3982:
3974:
3966:
3955:
3946:
3928:
3925:coachbuilder
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3888:
3545:John Charles
3451:Charlesworth
3426:Aston Martin
3293:Donderwinkel
3216:Thulinverken
2985:Studiotorino
2393:Mengelbier (
2210:Verplancke (
2204:(Courbevoie)
2097:Rasp (Paris)
2065:Pruneville (
2055:Montplaisir)
1710:Villeurbanne
1259:Bail (Paris)
1146:I. C. Hansen
1052:
816:
813:
810:
807:
789:A. Schwanzar
659:chassis 1935
657:Lancia Belna
555:
523:
520:chassis 1967
491:
463:Rolls-Royces
432:
429:
369:leaf springs
365:
362:Obsolescence
351:
347:
340:
317:
305:Pierce-Arrow
297:
287:
277:Austin Seven
242:
233:
206:
172:
164:
150:
126:sports cars.
115:
82:
79:coachbuilder
78:
76:
36:
5655:Draft horse
5594:Horse brass
5536:Wheelwright
5511:Hammercloth
5409:Sled/sleigh
5402:Non-wheeled
5343:Sprung cart
5189:Two-wheeled
5138:State coach
5132:Stage wagon
5096:Post chaise
4716:sealed beam
4648:Roll center
4643:Ride height
4580:Japan black
4575:Instruments
4560:Curb feeler
4426:Hood/bonnet
3921:coachjoiner
3917:wheelwright
3909:coachwright
3826:MacNeillie
3609:Vanden Plas
3584:Rippon Bros
3522:James Young
3375:Jean Stegen
3283:Bij 't Vuur
3244:Geismeister
3225:Switzerland
3133:Galo Mateos
3058:Brzeskiauto
2942:Pininfarina
2778:Filacchione
2636:Ares Design
2521:Gyula Varga
2515:Schillinger
2500:Lajos Zupka
2494:Glattfelder
2488:Antal Zupka
2261:Widerkehr (
2244:Warengehm (
2155:Pontchâteau
2143:Spinnewyn (
2092:Montrichard
2072:Radovitch (
2034:Poinsenet (
2020:Phaetonia (
1949:Monjardet (
1890:Lourtioux (
1866: [
1788:Jeanteaud (
1515:Delaugère (
1471:Alfortville
1293:Berluteau (
1149:J.H. Jensen
973:Van Muylder
961:Vanden Plas
892:Jean Hackir
756:Kastenhofer
744:Franz Hanek
738:Karl Czerny
690:1954 on an
598:Pininfarina
579:Pininfarina
526:Rolls-Royce
500:, in 1965.
451:Ferrari 250
420:Rolls-Royce
285:Jaguar Cars
279:chassis by
254:Fisher Body
239:Automobiles
227:'s Guards.
173:carrosserie
165:carrozzeria
134:Pininfarina
5684:Categories
5531:Wainwright
5438:Chuckwagon
5297:Hansom cab
5126:Stagecoach
5101:Road Coach
5075:Mail coach
4502:Greenhouse
4116:MacNeillie
3939:References
3913:coachmaker
3905:cartwright
3901:wainwright
3874:Wainwright
3799:Willoughby
3791:Waterhouse
3778:Studebaker
3692:Coachcraft
3664:(Amesbury)
3549:Lancefield
3494:Harrington
3320:Lathouwers
3279:Bronkhorst
3263:Worblaufen
3183:Freyschuss
3180:Frändbergs
3040:Luxembourg
2962:Schieppati
2958:Scaglietti
2898:Montescani
2842:Italdesign
2813:Ghia-Aigle
2782:Fioravanti
2669:Bizzarrini
2642:Auto Sport
2586:Booth Bros
2571:New Armada
2476:Tangalakis
2372:Konigsberg
2352:Kässbohrer
2329:Friederich
2292:Autenrieth
2232:Lambersart
2227:, Neuilly)
2124:Rousseau (
2085:Courbevoie
2022:Courbevoie
1840:Courbevoie
1686:Gangloff (
1667:Fournier (
1660:Fournier (
1655:Strasbourg
1542:De Villars
1499:De Corvaia
1384:Argenteuil
1369:Broadwater
1247:Autobineau
1239:Augereau (
1208:André Roze
1189:Courbevoie
1161:Vesterbros
918:Louis Maes
902:Jonckheere
859:De Ruytter
780:Rohrbacher
729:Armbruster
694:SS chassis
551:fiberglass
518:Citroen DS
461:, and all
435:Duesenberg
424:Phantom IV
373:beam axles
324:drivetrain
225:Queen Anne
138:Scaglietti
87:automobile
83:body-maker
48:Morgan 4/4
32:Custom car
18:Coachbuilt
5691:Carriages
5640:Postilion
5574:Breeching
5516:Shaft bow
5318:Ralli car
5204:Cape cart
5198:Cabriolet
5180:Wagonette
5170:Vis-Ă -vis
5155:Tarantass
5086:Park Drag
4997:Dos-Ă -dos
4991:Diligence
4963:Charabanc
4933:Buckboard
4882:carriages
4756:Tow hitch
4674:equipment
4600:Tire/tyre
4459:Gull-wing
4449:Butterfly
4410:Trunk lid
4353:Monocoque
4257:Framework
3830:Overfinch
3729:Fleetwood
3640:Wrightbus
3631:Windovers
3579:Park Ward
3436:Carbodies
3338:Mijnhardt
3276:Akkermans
3195:Jakobsson
3081:Bräutigam
2971:Simonetti
2895:Monterosa
2827:Gransport
2761:Eurostyle
2665:Bertolini
2645:Autodromo
2613:Ala d'Oro
2609:Accossato
2565:Adi Putro
2559:Indonesia
2534:DC Design
2512:Nagy GĂ©za
2459:Weinsberg
2421:Rembrandt
2379:KĂĽhlstein
2344:HebmĂĽller
2285:Ambi-Budd
2202:Vanvooren
2174:Tremble (
2169:Marseille
2160:Tirbois (
2145:Tourcoing
2137:(Neuilly)
2135:Saoutchik
2126:Montargis
2012:Tourcoing
1985:AngoulĂŞme
1983:Nicolas (
1968:Parthenay
1958:Marseille
1939:Marseille
1919:Mercier (
1910:(Puteaux)
1908:Manessius
1892:Montluçon
1884:(Neuilly)
1855:Lagogué (
1850:Montrouge
1824:Labarre (
1804:Montargis
1653:Forrler (
1581:Durisotti
1545:Di Rosa (
1535:Desvaux (
1455:Avranches
1453:Chéreau (
1382:Carrier (
1320:Bigatti (
1269:Barbier (
1158:Odsherred
1155:Nørrebros
1131:Andreasen
954:Sprengers
927:Monchamps
852:D'Ieteren
479:Saoutchik
381:monocoque
332:dashboard
266:Ambi-Budd
246:Mulliners
159:. In the
5738:Category
5630:Coachman
5564:Blinders
5348:Stanhope
5251:Curricle
5229:Quadriga
5165:Victoria
5116:Sociable
5106:Rockaway
5060:Karozzin
5049:Horsecar
4969:Clarence
4953:Carryall
4928:Brougham
4908:Barouche
4816:Category
4701:Headlamp
4683:Lighting
4672:Exterior
4638:Overhang
4621:Geometry
4605:run-flat
4585:Nerf bar
4400:Subframe
4368:Platform
4358:Overhang
4270:Beltline
4078:Archived
4060:Archived
3973:, G. N.
3854:Carriage
3843:See also
3823:Jubilee
3770:Rollston
3734:Holbrook
3700:Demarest
3673:Brewster
3599:Tickford
3569:Nu-Track
3532:(London)
3378:Teulings
3364:Smulders
3347:Oostwoud
3299:Garstman
3258:Ramseier
3241:Gangloff
3213:Ringborg
3207:Norrmalm
3204:Nordberg
3201:Nilssons
3046:Conrardy
3034:Watanabe
3030:Mitsuoka
2999:Vendrame
2995:Varesina
2965:Scioneri
2867:Maggiora
2859:Lombardi
2838:Introzzi
2823:Giugiaro
2818:Giannini
2803:Garavini
2767:Fantuzzi
2748:De Simon
2744:Coriasco
2738:Conrotto
2729:Coggiola
2719:Castagna
2714:Caselani
2710:Cattelan
2689:Bottazzi
2682:Boneschi
2630:Ansaloni
2626:Allemano
2617:Albanesi
2593:O'Gorman
2503:Ludovika
2430:Rometsch
2225:Chartres
2112:Sancoins
2090:Raquin (
2058:Privat (
2042:Pourtout
2027:Plante (
2002:Toulouse
1997:Paul NĂ©e
1951:Besançon
1933:Michel (
1921:Toulouse
1899:Besançon
1872:(Vonnat)
1863:Lamberet
1833:Lamballe
1742:Guilloré
1669:Suresnes
1662:Bordeaux
1643:Fleury (
1575:Duchesne
1560:Bordeaux
1483:Darl'mat
1476:Crouzier
1469:Clabot (
1441:Asnières
1437:Chausson
1398:Bordeaux
1363:Brandone
1352:Saint-LĂ´
1345:Toulouse
1317:Beuzelin
1310:Besset (
1300:Bernin (
1264:Toulouse
1236:Audineau
1233:Aubertin
1213:Toulouse
1047:Shanghai
1040:Shanghai
1033:Shanghai
1023:Shanghai
1016:Shanghai
1009:Shanghai
1002:Shanghai
976:Verhaest
969:Van Hool
942:Purnelle
924:Meeussen
886:Généraux
777:Reichelt
762:Kohlruss
753:Jauernig
653:Pourtout
632:Giannini
609:Van Hool
467:Delahaye
418:(1953).
348:Tickford
229:Brewster
197:Carriage
5650:Driving
5635:Footman
5623:Related
5589:Crupper
5551:Harness
5468:Trolley
5430:drayage
5414:Travois
5393:Whiskey
5388:Volante
5373:Tumbrel
5363:Tilbury
5256:Dogcart
5246:Croydon
5214:Chariot
5091:Phaeton
5065:Kibitka
5007:Droshky
4948:Cariole
4923:Britzka
4826:Commons
4522:Sunroof
4474:Suicide
4469:Sliding
4464:Scissor
4405:Tonneau
4390:Spoiler
4297:Chassis
3952:"Coach"
3869:Unibody
3864:Chassis
3820:Jankel
3765:Rollson
3747:LeBaron
3739:Judkins
3594:Swallow
3589:Salmons
3475:Flewitt
3456:Corsica
3441:Carlton
3389:Verheul
3367:Soudijn
3351:Pennock
3314:Jac Met
3311:Hulsman
3305:Hermans
3232:Beutler
3210:Nylunds
3189:Heinels
3156:Roqueta
3136:Herrero
3127:Forcada
3124:J Farré
3121:Carrizo
3118:Capella
3115:Blancou
3090:Krummel
3006:Vignale
3002:Viberti
2990:Touring
2922:Orlandi
2909:Moretti
2905:Morelli
2901:Monviso
2892:Moderna
2875:Marazzi
2794:Fontana
2787:Fissore
2704:Caprera
2695:Campana
2692:Brianza
2686:Borsani
2678:Bollani
2661:Bertone
2657:Belloni
2621:Alessio
2580:Ireland
2574:Tentrem
2568:Laksana
2553:Steuart
2506:Metallo
2482:Hungary
2463:Wendler
2425:Reutter
2401:Neoplan
2388:MĂĽnchen
2369:Kellner
2365:Keinath
2357:Karmann
2314:Deutsch
2278:Germany
2252:Weymann
2237:Wantz (
2212:Roubaix
2196:Roubaix
2176:Puteaux
2153:Tassé (
2110:RĂ©tif (
2102:Annonay
2036:Epernay
1990:Ottin (
1973:Morin (
1966:Morin (
1857:Alençon
1831:Labbé (
1775:(Paris)
1767:Cerizay
1763:Heuliez
1755:Henry (
1748:HĂ©non (
1735:Gruau (
1703:Le Mans
1631:(Paris)
1570:Puteaux
1568:Dubos (
1555:Driquet
1517:Orléans
1510:Le Mans
1494:Roubaix
1485:(Paris)
1460:Chesnot
1420:Chapron
1388:Alençon
1366:Breteau
1357:Botiaux
1312:Annonay
1262:Baqué (
1251:Neuilly
1220:Neuilly
1128:Aagaard
1122:Denmark
1109:Sodomka
1090:Leitner
1076:Kadrmas
1070:Fischer
1064:Bohemia
979:Verwilt
965:Van Dun
948:Snutsel
898:Joachim
895:Hofkens
883:Gamette
880:Franeau
865:Delisse
862:De Wolf
856:De Mola
837:Bousson
822:Belgium
720:Austria
672:Touring
639:Gallery
628:Heuliez
624:Karmann
617:Heuliez
613:Plaxton
605:Pennock
594:Vignale
590:Bertone
586:Karmann
575:Bertone
558:unibody
534:Bentley
530:Ferrari
494:unibody
487:Pennock
471:Chapron
377:Unibody
352:Wingham
328:scuttle
130:Ferrari
118:unibody
50:chassis
5716:Images
5665:Tandem
5645:Livery
5609:Terret
5604:Saddle
5584:Collar
5579:Bridle
5463:Telega
5419:Troika
5308:Kalesa
5281:Gharry
5241:Cidomo
5150:Surrey
5143:Gilded
5070:Landau
5055:Jingle
5038:Herdic
5033:Hearse
5012:Fiacre
4958:Chaise
4943:Calash
4913:Berlin
4836:Portal
4706:hidden
4454:Canopy
4363:Pillar
4344:shaker
4329:Grille
4322:skirts
4317:ponton
4312:Fender
4285:Dagmar
4280:Bumper
3911:; and
3834:Wilcox
3817:Coway
3804:Wilson
3795:Widman
3786:Walker
3782:Towson
3760:Murray
3755:Murphy
3719:Fisher
3704:Derham
3678:Briggs
3574:Optare
3541:Jensen
3502:Hooper
3466:Cunard
3461:Croall
3431:Barker
3415:Abbott
3371:Spyker
3335:Muller
3326:De Ley
3317:Kimman
3296:Egbers
3248:Graber
3171:Sweden
3153:Reynés
3150:Molist
3143:Irizar
3112:Bettla
3103:Abadal
3075:Russia
3052:Poland
3016:Zagato
3011:Viotti
2938:Pilato
2931:Pavesi
2889:Meteor
2834:I.DE.A
2830:Grazia
2771:Farina
2758:Ellena
2724:Cecomp
2707:Casaro
2633:Aprile
2597:Pierce
2509:Misura
2491:Balogh
2470:Greece
2416:Hartha
2411:Papler
2408:Nowack
2395:Aachen
2333:Gläser
2263:Colmar
1975:Rennes
1928:Clichy
1897:Mamy (
1826:Evreux
1797:Clichy
1750:Albert
1728:Gras (
1720:Cannes
1688:Colmar
1675:Franay
1645:Thonon
1584:Dupont
1530:Pantin
1479:Currus
1450:Chavet
1372:Busson
1350:Boré (
1337:Binder
1271:Cannes
1211:Angé (
1199:Dinard
1167:France
1143:Funder
1113:Spacil
1099:Plachy
1096:Petera
1080:Karosa
1067:Brozik
951:Simons
936:Phlups
912:Lilien
906:Lahaye
871:Devaux
843:Colson
771:Lohner
567:Zagato
532:, and
475:Franay
412:Hooper
262:Briggs
221:Barker
213:Rippon
157:France
122:luxury
5696:Carts
5614:Trace
5599:Lines
5483:Wagon
5478:Vardo
5458:Lorry
5453:Float
5358:Tanga
5353:Sulky
5338:Sjees
5271:Float
5261:Dokar
5224:Triga
5175:Vozok
5160:Triga
4986:Coupé
4974:Coach
4938:Buggy
4918:Brake
4903:Bandy
4898:Araba
4789:Theft
4770:Legal
4749:power
4610:spare
4595:Parts
4537:wiper
4489:Glass
4441:Doors
4339:scoop
3895:tyres
3880:Notes
3774:Rubay
3751:Locke
3683:Brunn
3507:Hoyal
3484:Grose
3405:Abbey
3332:Mudde
3219:Valbo
3192:Järbo
3165:Vidal
3159:Serra
3147:Lucas
3108:Ayats
3096:Spain
3087:Ilyin
3023:Japan
2980:Stola
2954:Savio
2918:Nembo
2913:Motto
2885:Meade
2863:Lotti
2764:Faina
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2741:Corna
2734:Colli
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2648:Balbo
2603:Italy
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516:on a
485:, or
396:1920
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5276:Gari
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4880:and
4739:Horn
4479:Swan
4383:rack
4378:Roof
4334:Hood
4248:Body
4239:cars
3931:2011
3688:Budd
3358:Roos
3290:Dolk
3198:Kabo
3162:Vert
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2808:Ghia
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1992:Lyon
1935:Nice
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1175:Lyon
1073:Jech
868:Dens
688:Ghia
571:Frua
542:US$
538:dies
258:Budd
195:and
155:and
136:and
103:Kocs
5287:Gig
5017:Fly
2926:OSI
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2755:Dux
2029:Pau
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957:TTT
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