2330:
169:
2230:
20:
582:: "Für die ältere Schicht ethnischer Namen, die Caesar anführt, der der G. C., ergibt sich aus den Untersuchungen G. Neumanns, daß von den zu behandelnden sieben VN drei sicher keltisch sind (Caerosi, Condrusi und Eburones), vier dagegen unklar sind (Aduatuci, Caemani, Segni und Tungri)."
63:
came to be abandoned after a tribal reorganization, that they received their names from their Celtic neighbours, or else that they were fully or partially assimilated into Celtic culture at the time of the Roman invasion of the region in 57 BC.
377:
The
Germani cisrhenani, who included the Condrusi, kept a distinct identity, and a reputation for military strength, because they were the only Gauls who successfully resisted the
504:
in the early Middle Ages. In this way, the name, like many medieval territorial names, has managed to survive down to the present day, at least as a geographical term.
3739:
466:) dated 150–160 AD, along with a Roman military diploma giving Condrusus as the ethnic origin of the soldier, show that Gallo-Roman Condrusians served as
1140:
23:
A modern geographical definition of
Condroz is shown on this map of Belgium. It is thought to correspond roughly to the area where the Condrusi lived.
2266:
2187:
423:(or Segui), as a German tribe claiming not to be involved in the rebellion. Both tribes were reported to live between the Eburones and the Treviri.
2205:
3494:
2295:
1109:
1043:
927:
871:
860:
1086:
1023:
976:
849:
3744:
1286:
1001:
59:, but their tribal name is probably of Celtic origin. Like other Germani Cisrhenani tribes, it is possible that their old Germanic
2329:
1248:
3734:
2210:
1418:
392:
along with the
Eburones. How this circumstance came about is not known, but their territories were thereby not invaded by the
2200:
1468:
1273:
1133:
883:
826:
691:
508:
792:
597:, p. 111: "Das Präfix con- deutet auf keltische Herkunft. (...) Dagegen ist das vorauszusetzende stammhafte Element
2259:
1349:
646:
329:
1054:
2215:
1228:
969:
Dictionary of
Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World
955:
1376:
3386:
2233:
1413:
1320:
1313:
1291:
1126:
516:
2986:
370:
had crossed the Rhine long ago to take control of the fertile land on the other side. They mixed with the local
1453:
1438:
1253:
1238:
540:
3671:
3646:
3406:
601:
noch nicht mit völliger
Sicherheit gedeutet; doch ist auch bei ihm keltische Herkunft das Wahrscheinlichste."
2886:
2252:
1568:
1458:
1448:
1443:
1263:
1243:
1200:
3376:
1970:
1403:
1398:
1381:
1325:
1220:
2906:
2306:
1268:
1158:
19:
3459:
3484:
1359:
1330:
1233:
2921:
292:
3676:
2916:
2364:
2289:
2195:
1408:
359:
168:
137:
remains uncertain. From their tribal name, we know that they were influenced by Celtic languages.
3391:
3381:
2828:
1578:
1430:
1369:
1258:
1190:
1166:
520:
338:
264:
141:
60:
56:
3517:
3469:
3441:
3416:
3396:
3153:
3015:
2836:
2393:
3479:
3426:
3361:
2586:
888:
831:
797:
696:
3351:
3268:
2976:
2648:
2387:
2383:
2344:
1354:
1205:
1180:
1105:
1082:
1039:
1019:
1011:
997:
972:
923:
459:
448:
436:
276:
222:
134:
2866:
2856:
2359:
1074:
987:
3451:
3356:
3343:
2841:
2624:
2606:
2398:
1777:
1149:
263:) was the protector-goddess of the Condrusi. Assimilated with the Roman deity of childbirth
153:
100:
36:
2758:
2503:
374:, and Caesar noted that neighbouring Belgae claimed to be partly of Germanic descent also.
3749:
2763:
1386:
1364:
1308:
1278:
1162:
500:
472:
within the Roman armies, and could acquire the citizenship at the end of their service.
3411:
2891:
2728:
2643:
2573:
2425:
2060:
1844:
1508:
1195:
1095:
512:
444:
440:
336:
In chapter 2.4 of Caesar's commentaries the
Condrusi are specifically listed among the
3728:
3631:
3025:
2813:
1921:
1819:
1782:
1742:
1608:
1337:
1296:
641:
420:
324:
197:
81:
52:
3636:
3604:
3436:
2951:
2871:
2663:
2498:
2300:
1513:
1503:
1486:
1303:
455:
193:
48:
212:'s conquest of the region in the mid-1st century BC, they lived as clients of the
1099:
1033:
991:
917:
366:, most notably the Eburones, renewed fighting in 54 BC. Caesar stated that these
3542:
2876:
2718:
2638:
2620:
2558:
2538:
2312:
1995:
1953:
1876:
1789:
1657:
1647:
1558:
1342:
996:, vol. 5 (2 ed.), Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 78–80,
491:
288:
44:
172:
Late medieval
Catholic archdeaconries of Condroz (yellow) and Famenne (orange).
3686:
3599:
3522:
3233:
3103:
3093:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3043:
3033:
3009:
2966:
2946:
2846:
2818:
2733:
2668:
2632:
2628:
2581:
2563:
2543:
2458:
2318:
2172:
1960:
1943:
1891:
1881:
1866:
1834:
1824:
1702:
1652:
1528:
1523:
1491:
1210:
358:
tribes against Caesar. The alliance met with defeat against the Romans at the
240:
3701:
3594:
3552:
3527:
3507:
3464:
3366:
3333:
3328:
3293:
3283:
3238:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3203:
3178:
3163:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3053:
3005:
2961:
2896:
2788:
2773:
2693:
2688:
2478:
2473:
2453:
2443:
2408:
2167:
2162:
2152:
2085:
1990:
1886:
1849:
1839:
1799:
1752:
1747:
1697:
1637:
1563:
1553:
1533:
1496:
1481:
284:
3681:
3651:
3641:
3576:
3571:
3560:
3547:
3537:
3474:
3401:
3371:
3323:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3263:
3253:
3208:
3168:
3098:
3078:
3058:
3038:
2996:
2991:
2981:
2971:
2956:
2851:
2803:
2783:
2738:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2683:
2658:
2601:
2488:
2463:
2448:
2438:
2140:
2125:
2105:
2090:
2070:
2045:
2030:
2025:
2005:
1975:
1965:
1916:
1906:
1901:
1732:
1717:
1692:
1672:
1642:
1632:
1627:
1598:
1583:
1518:
1476:
1185:
463:
397:
393:
388:
In 4.6 Caesar reports that the
Condrusi were under the protection of the
382:
347:
343:
205:
189:
181:
283:(ca. 150–250 AD), and other inscriptions were found further east in the
3661:
3586:
3556:
3502:
3431:
3318:
3288:
3278:
3273:
3248:
3228:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3173:
3158:
3088:
2926:
2911:
2861:
2808:
2793:
2778:
2768:
2748:
2743:
2723:
2698:
2653:
2616:
2611:
2596:
2553:
2548:
2528:
2518:
2508:
2468:
2433:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2157:
2145:
2135:
2110:
2100:
2095:
2075:
2065:
2040:
1980:
1938:
1911:
1829:
1762:
1757:
1737:
1727:
1682:
1677:
1667:
1662:
1603:
1588:
1538:
659:
507:
The earliest medieval attestation was in 747, in a benefaction made by
481:
468:
405:
389:
351:
307:
272:
236:
213:
201:
177:
145:
114:
110:
is also generally regarded as Celtic, although its meaning is unknown.
89:
40:
3691:
3666:
3656:
3609:
3532:
3421:
3258:
3243:
3083:
3048:
3001:
2941:
2931:
2901:
2881:
2798:
2753:
2678:
2673:
2523:
2513:
2177:
2130:
2115:
2080:
2055:
2020:
2015:
1948:
1933:
1871:
1809:
1794:
1772:
1722:
1712:
1707:
1620:
1615:
1573:
1543:
378:
371:
355:
296:
280:
268:
248:
209:
32:
938:
1118:
267:, she was honoured ca. 200–250 AD at a sanctuary located in Strée (
3715:
3696:
3566:
3128:
2591:
2493:
2403:
2354:
2275:
2050:
2035:
2010:
2000:
1985:
1928:
1896:
1861:
1856:
1814:
1804:
1687:
1548:
1391:
401:
231:
185:
157:
18:
3512:
2936:
2533:
2349:
2120:
1767:
2248:
1122:
447:. But this civitas was eventually split out to become part of
275:), and by a Condrusian soldier serving in the Roman army at
140:
Contemporary reports by Julius Caesar (who classify them as
354:. At that time, in 57 BC, they were joining an alliance of
916:
Busse, Peter E. (2006). "Belgae". In Koch, John T. (ed.).
306:, which seems to mean "mother goddess of the Condrusi (or
247:
did not encompass the deaneries of St
Remacle, Hanret, or
148:(who describes the Germani Cisrhenani as the first called
125:
in medieval documents, is named after the
Germanic tribe.
809:
807:
805:
706:
704:
2244:
590:
588:
1055:"Les pagi de Lomme et de Condroz et leurs subdivisions"
939:"Pagus Condrustis : le Condroz à l'époque romaine"
180:
region, an area of foothills situated northwest of the
613:
611:
609:
607:
986:
Neumann, Günter; Stolte, Bernardus Hendrikus (1984),
235:
of Condroz also included the region of neighbouring
3622:
3585:
3493:
3450:
3342:
3024:
2827:
2572:
2424:
2417:
2337:
2282:
2186:
1467:
1429:
1219:
1173:
560:
558:
556:
323:Most of what we know about the Condrusi comes from
385:during their migrations in the second century BC.
200:, their territory was located between that of the
152:) state that they were also heavily influenced by
993:Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA)
404:and then crossed the Rhine into the lands of the
259:Viradecthis (also attested under the Celtic form
1077:, in Beck, H.; Geuenich, D.; Steuer, H. (eds.),
1014:, in Beck, H.; Geuenich, D.; Steuer, H. (eds.),
490:survived not only into Roman times but into the
722:
579:
99:remains unclear. The prefix is most likely the
226:, founded ca. 10 BC as a Roman military base.
2260:
1134:
734:
229:The oldest known definitions of the medieval
8:
1062:Annales de la Société archéologique de Namur
1012:"Germani cisrhenani — die Aussage der Namen"
411:In 6.32 the Condrusi are again mentioned as
106:('with, together, as well') and the element
1165:origin primarily identified as speakers of
302:Several inscriptions were dedicated to the
243:of Condroz and Fammene, the early medieval
121:on an inscription dated 150–160 AD, and as
51:. Their ethnic identity remains uncertain.
2421:
2267:
2253:
2245:
1141:
1127:
1119:
279:. Tungrian sailors celebrated her cult in
919:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
841:
839:
675:
327:'s record of his battles in the area, in
813:
767:
755:
710:
431:After their defeat or capitulation, the
167:
2206:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
1035:Pagus und Comitatus in Niederlothringen
629:
594:
552:
779:
133:Whether the Condrusi actually spoke a
39:tribe dwelling in what is now eastern
2296:Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe
617:
564:
7:
899:
686:
684:
575:
573:
220:was one of the subdivisions of the
176:The Condrusi probably dwelt in the
3740:Tribes involved in the Gallic Wars
1104:. University of California Press.
1079:Germanenprobleme in heutiger Sicht
1016:Germanenprobleme in heutiger Sicht
519:. It was clearly mentioned in the
362:, but some, including many of the
14:
2328:
2229:
2228:
1073:von Petrikovits, Harald (1999),
1053:Roland, Charles Gustave (1920),
937:Charlier, Marie-Therese (2013),
400:who had lost their own lands to
239:. Contrary to the late medieval
2211:Christianization of Scandinavia
523:in 870, where it is called the
494:era also, being mentioned as a
216:. During the Roman period, the
2201:Christianization of the Franks
1274:Continental Germanic mythology
922:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 195–200.
884:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
827:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
692:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
55:described them as part of the
1:
967:Falileyev, Alexander (2010).
415:"on this side of the Rhine" (
1038:(in German). L. Röhrscheid.
847:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
647:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
419:), this time along with the
2216:Christianization of Iceland
3766:
664:Historiae Adversus Paganos
479:
3710:
2326:
2224:
1156:
954:Dietz, Karlheinz (2006).
735:Neumann & Stolte 1984
517:Abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy
3745:Tribes in pre-Roman Gaul
1454:North Germanic languages
1439:Germanic parent language
1010:Neumann, Günter (1999),
541:List of Germanic peoples
184:, south and west of the
95:The meaning of the name
84:(mid-1st c. BC), and as
1459:West Germanic languages
1449:East Germanic languages
1444:Proto-Germanic language
1264:Proto-Germanic folklore
1201:Romano-Germanic culture
3735:Early Germanic peoples
173:
72:They are mentioned as
24:
2307:First Transalpine War
1269:Anglo-Saxon mythology
1159:Ethnolinguistic group
1081:, Walter de Gruyter,
1032:Nonn, Ulrich (1983).
1018:, Walter de Gruyter,
304:Matris Cantrusteihiae
171:
22:
16:Germanic-Belgic tribe
1075:"Germani Cisrhenani"
793:L'Année Épigraphique
723:von Petrikovits 1999
580:von Petrikovits 1999
458:(an outpost fort of
454:An inscription from
129:Language and culture
117:region, attested as
2365:Gallo-Roman culture
2290:Battle of the Allia
2196:Gothic Christianity
632:, pp. 110–111.
435:became part of the
360:Battle of the Sabis
156:on the east of the
92:(early 5th c. AD).
47:(58–50 BC) and the
3647:Basel-Münsterhügel
1579:Germani cisrhenani
1287:Funerary practices
1191:Pre-Roman Iron Age
1167:Germanic languages
1096:Wightman, Edith M.
521:Treaty of Meerssen
433:Germani cisrhenani
368:Germani cisrhenani
339:Germani cisrhenani
174:
142:Germani Cisrhenani
57:Germani Cisrhenani
25:
3722:
3721:
3618:
3617:
2649:Bituriges Vivisci
2242:
2241:
1414:Gothic and Vandal
1206:Germanic Iron Age
1181:Nordic Bronze Age
1163:Northern European
1111:978-0-520-05297-0
1045:978-3-7928-0457-5
960:Brill's New Pauly
929:978-1-85109-440-0
770:, pp. 92–93.
449:Germania Inferior
437:civitas Tungrorum
342:, along with the
223:civitas Tungrorum
208:. At the time of
192:and southeast of
135:Germanic language
3757:
2422:
2332:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2246:
2232:
2231:
2188:Christianization
1778:Ripuarian Franks
1150:Germanic peoples
1143:
1136:
1129:
1120:
1115:
1091:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1028:
1006:
982:
963:
950:
943:Meuse et Ardenne
933:
903:
897:
891:
880:
874:
869:
863:
858:
852:
843:
834:
823:
817:
811:
800:
789:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
699:
688:
679:
673:
667:
657:
651:
639:
633:
627:
621:
615:
602:
592:
583:
577:
568:
562:
488:pagus Condrustis
486:The name of the
245:pagus Condrustis
218:Pagus Condrustis
154:Germanic peoples
123:pagus Condrustus
119:Pagus Condrustis
31:were an ancient
3765:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3706:
3624:
3614:
3581:
3489:
3446:
3338:
3020:
2823:
2568:
2413:
2394:La Tène culture
2333:
2324:
2278:
2273:
2243:
2238:
2220:
2182:
1463:
1425:
1387:Gothic alphabet
1279:Norse mythology
1215:
1169:
1152:
1147:
1112:
1094:
1089:
1072:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1031:
1026:
1009:
1004:
985:
979:
966:
953:
936:
930:
915:
912:
907:
906:
898:
894:
881:
877:
870:
866:
859:
855:
845:Julius Caesar,
844:
837:
824:
820:
812:
803:
790:
786:
778:
774:
766:
762:
754:
750:
746:See Petrokovits
745:
741:
733:
729:
721:
717:
709:
702:
689:
682:
674:
670:
658:
654:
640:
636:
628:
624:
616:
605:
593:
586:
578:
571:
563:
554:
549:
537:
484:
478:
429:
321:
316:
257:
188:, southwest of
166:
131:
70:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3763:
3761:
3753:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3727:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3628:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3499:
3497:
3495:Eastern Europe
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3456:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2644:Bituriges Cubi
2641:
2636:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2321:(50 BC–476 AD)
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2293:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2249:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1845:Thracian Goths
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1473:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1196:Roman Iron Age
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1101:Gallia Belgica
1092:
1088:978-3110164381
1087:
1070:
1050:
1044:
1029:
1025:978-3110164381
1024:
1007:
1002:
983:
978:978-0955718236
977:
964:
951:
934:
928:
911:
908:
905:
904:
902:, p. 104.
892:
875:
864:
853:
835:
818:
801:
784:
772:
760:
748:
739:
727:
715:
700:
680:
676:Falileyev 2010
668:
652:
634:
622:
620:, p. 199.
603:
584:
569:
551:
550:
548:
545:
544:
543:
536:
533:
513:Charles Martel
480:Main article:
477:
474:
460:Hadrian's Wall
445:Gallia Belgica
441:Roman province
428:
425:
320:
317:
315:
312:
293:Kälbertshausen
277:Hadrian's Wall
256:
253:
241:archdeaconries
165:
162:
130:
127:
69:
66:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3762:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3717:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3621:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3584:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2917:Longostaletes
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2235:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1820:Crimean Goths
1818:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1783:Salian Franks
1781:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1221:Early culture
1218:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1003:3-11-009635-8
999:
995:
994:
989:
984:
980:
974:
970:
965:
961:
957:
952:
948:
944:
940:
935:
931:
925:
921:
920:
914:
913:
909:
901:
896:
893:
890:
886:
885:
879:
876:
873:
868:
865:
862:
857:
854:
851:
848:
842:
840:
836:
833:
829:
828:
822:
819:
816:, p. 94.
815:
814:Charlier 2013
810:
808:
806:
802:
799:
795:
794:
788:
785:
781:
776:
773:
769:
768:Charlier 2013
764:
761:
757:
756:Charlier 2013
752:
749:
743:
740:
736:
731:
728:
725:, p. 93.
724:
719:
716:
713:, p. 31.
712:
711:Wightman 1985
707:
705:
701:
698:
694:
693:
687:
685:
681:
678:, entry 1967.
677:
672:
669:
665:
661:
656:
653:
649:
648:
643:
638:
635:
631:
626:
623:
619:
614:
612:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
561:
559:
557:
553:
546:
542:
539:
538:
534:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
505:
503:
502:
497:
493:
489:
483:
475:
473:
471:
470:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
426:
424:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:
334:
332:
331:
326:
325:Julius Caesar
318:
313:
311:
309:
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
254:
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62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
3712:
3637:Argentomagus
3605:Tolistobogii
3437:Vertamocorii
2987:Vertamocorii
2952:Segovellauni
2872:Budenicenses
2664:Coriosolites
2499:Mediomatrici
2483:
2309:(125–121 BC)
2301:Galatian War
2292:(ca. 387 BC)
1593:
1514:Anglo-Saxons
1504:Adrabaecampi
1487:Bucinobantes
1229:Architecture
1100:
1078:
1065:
1061:
1034:
1015:
992:
968:
959:
946:
942:
918:
910:Bibliography
895:
882:
878:
867:
856:
846:
825:
821:
791:
787:
775:
763:
751:
742:
730:
718:
690:
671:
663:
655:
645:
637:
630:Neumann 1999
625:
598:
595:Neumann 1999
528:
524:
506:
499:
495:
487:
485:
467:
456:Blatobulgium
453:
432:
430:
427:Roman Empire
417:citra Rhenum
416:
412:
410:
387:
376:
367:
363:
337:
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328:
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260:
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112:
107:
103:
96:
94:
85:
77:
73:
71:
49:Roman period
28:
26:
3625:settlements
3543:Hercuniates
3392:Gallianates
3382:Bromanenses
2877:Camactulici
2829:Narbonensis
2719:Nitiobroges
2639:Bodiocasses
2621:Brannovices
2559:Veliocasses
2539:Silvanectes
2313:Gallic Wars
1954:Nahanarvali
1877:Hilleviones
1790:Frisiavones
1658:Cananefates
1648:Burgundians
1559:Banochaemae
1409:Anglo-Saxon
1360:Anglo-Saxon
1326:Anglo-Saxon
1309:Anglo-Saxon
1292:Anglo-Saxon
780:Roland 1920
650:, 2:4; 6:32
492:Carolingian
476:Middle Ages
330:Gallic Wars
289:Mogontiacum
196:. Like the
45:Gallic Wars
43:during the
3729:Categories
3687:Magetobria
3600:Tectosages
3523:Cornacates
3518:Britolagai
3470:Lactorates
3442:Votodrones
3417:Montunates
3397:Gennanates
3234:Savincates
3154:Cosuanetes
3104:Bodiontici
3094:Benacenses
3074:Ausuciates
3069:Aneuniates
3064:Ambisontes
3044:Adunicates
3034:Acitavones
3016:Vulgientes
3010:Tectosages
2967:Tricastini
2947:Segobrigii
2847:Allobroges
2837:Agesinates
2819:Viducasses
2734:Petrocorii
2669:Durocasses
2633:Eburovices
2629:Diablintes
2582:Abrincatui
2564:Viromandui
2544:Suessiones
2459:Caeracates
2319:Roman Gaul
2315:(58–50 BC)
2173:Vinoviloth
1961:Marcomanni
1944:Helveconae
1922:Heaðobards
1892:Istvaeones
1882:Ingaevones
1867:Hermunduri
1835:Ostrogoths
1825:Greuthungi
1703:Chattuarii
1529:Angrivarii
1524:Ampsivarii
1492:Lentienses
1321:Literature
1211:Viking Age
988:"Condrusi"
956:"Condrusi"
618:Busse 2006
565:Dietz 2006
547:References
462:in modern
350:, and the
261:Virodactis
3702:Vertillum
3677:Entremont
3623:Pre-Roman
3595:Aigosages
3553:Scordisci
3528:Costoboci
3508:Arabiates
3480:Tarusates
3465:Cocosates
3452:Aquitania
3427:Subinates
3367:Arusnates
3362:Anesiates
3344:Cisalpina
3334:Vindelici
3329:Vesubiani
3294:Vediantii
3284:Triulatti
3239:Sebaginni
3224:Rucinates
3219:Quariates
3214:Nemeturii
3204:Nantuates
3179:Graioceli
3164:Eguiturii
3149:Ceutrones
3144:Caturiges
3139:Catubrini
3134:Catenates
3124:Calucones
3119:Brixentes
3114:Brigianii
3109:Brigantii
3054:Ambidravi
3006:Arecomici
2962:Tolosates
2897:Dexivates
2789:Tricasses
2774:Segusiavi
2694:Lemovices
2689:Latobrigi
2587:Ambiliati
2479:Catalauni
2474:Catuslugi
2454:Bellovaci
2444:Atrebates
2409:Vergobret
2384:Cisalpine
2168:Vidivarii
2163:Victohali
2153:Vangiones
2086:Thuringii
1991:Nuithones
1887:Irminones
1850:Visigoths
1840:Thervingi
1800:Gambrivii
1753:Dulgubnii
1748:Dauciones
1698:Chasuarii
1638:Brondings
1564:Bastarnae
1554:Baiuvarii
1534:Armalausi
1497:Raetovari
1431:Languages
1399:Symbology
1259:Folklore
1254:Festivals
900:Nonn 1983
832:XIII:8815
515:, to the
511:, son of
285:Rhineland
164:Geography
104:con-/com-
86:Condurses
74:Condrusos
3713:Part of:
3682:Gergovia
3672:Ensérune
3652:Bibracte
3642:Avaricum
3577:Varciani
3572:Taurisci
3561:Celegeri
3548:Latobici
3538:Eravisci
3475:Sotiates
3402:Insubres
3387:Cenomani
3372:Bagienni
3352:Anamares
3324:Vergunni
3314:Vennones
3309:Venostes
3304:Venisami
3299:Velaunii
3269:Suanetes
3264:Sogionti
3254:Segusini
3209:Nemaloni
3169:Gallitae
3099:Bergalei
3079:Avantici
3059:Ambilici
3039:Adanates
2997:Vocontii
2992:Verucini
2982:Tritolli
2977:Tricorii
2972:Tricores
2957:Suelteri
2887:Cenomani
2852:Anatilii
2804:Vellavii
2784:Tigurini
2739:Pictones
2714:Namnetes
2709:Mandubii
2704:Lingones
2684:Helvetii
2659:Carnutes
2625:Cenomani
2602:Andecavi
2489:Eburones
2484:Condrusi
2464:Caeroesi
2449:Atuatuci
2439:Aresaces
2399:Religion
2388:Galatian
2380:Language
2345:Ambactus
2303:(189 BC)
2234:Category
2141:Hasdingi
2126:Usipetes
2106:Tubantes
2091:Toxandri
2071:Tencteri
2046:Suarines
2031:Sicambri
2026:Semnones
2006:Reudigni
1976:Mattiaci
1966:Marsacii
1917:Lombards
1907:Lacringi
1902:Juthungi
1733:Corconti
1718:Cherusci
1693:Charudes
1673:Chaedini
1643:Bructeri
1628:Bateinoi
1599:Eburones
1594:Condrusi
1589:Caeroesi
1584:Atuatuci
1519:Ambrones
1482:Brisgavi
1477:Alemanni
1355:Paganism
1244:Clothing
1239:Calendar
1186:Germania
1098:(1985).
971:. CMCS.
798:1968:311
697:VII:1073
666:, 6:7:14
535:See also
529:Condrust
509:Carloman
464:Scotland
398:Tencteri
394:Usipetes
383:Teutones
348:Caeroesi
344:Eburones
255:Religion
206:Eburones
182:Ardennes
160:river.
97:Condrusi
78:Condrusi
37:Germanic
29:Condrusi
3662:Cenabum
3587:Galatia
3557:Dindari
3503:Anartes
3485:Vasates
3432:Taurini
3407:Libicii
3319:Veragri
3289:Ucennii
3279:Tebavii
3274:Suetrii
3249:Segovii
3229:Salassi
3199:Medulli
3194:Licates
3189:Ingauni
3184:Iemerii
3174:Genauni
3159:Ecdinii
3089:Belouni
2927:Nearchi
2912:Ligauni
2907:Libicii
2867:Bormani
2862:Avatici
2857:Atacini
2809:Venelli
2794:Tulingi
2779:Sequani
2769:Senones
2764:Santoni
2749:Redones
2744:Rauraci
2729:Parisii
2724:Osismii
2699:Lexovii
2654:Cadurci
2617:Aulerci
2612:Arverni
2597:Ambarri
2574:Celtica
2554:Triboci
2549:Treveri
2529:Paemani
2519:Nemetes
2509:Menapii
2469:Caletes
2434:Ambiani
2426:Belgica
2418:Peoples
2375:Oppidum
2370:Nemeton
2360:Eubages
2338:Culture
2283:History
2158:Varisci
2146:Silingi
2136:Vandals
2111:Tulingi
2101:Triboci
2096:Treveri
2076:Teutons
2066:Taifals
2041:Sitones
1981:Nemetes
1939:Helisii
1912:Lemovii
1830:Gutones
1763:Firaesi
1758:Favonae
1738:Cugerni
1728:Cobandi
1683:Chamavi
1678:Chaemae
1668:Casuari
1663:Caritni
1633:Betasii
1604:Paemani
1539:Auiones
1404:Warfare
1382:Scripts
1350:Numbers
1174:History
1068:: 1–126
889:XVI:125
660:Orosius
482:Condroz
469:auxilia
413:Germani
406:Menapii
390:Treveri
364:Germani
352:Paemani
314:History
308:Condroz
273:Condroz
237:Famenne
214:Treveri
202:Treveri
178:Condroz
150:Germani
146:Tacitus
115:Condroz
101:Gaulish
90:Orosius
61:endonym
41:Belgium
3750:Belgae
3692:Noreia
3667:Cularo
3657:Bibrax
3632:Alesia
3610:Trocmi
3533:Gotini
3422:Orobii
3412:Marici
3357:Anauni
3259:Sentii
3244:Seduni
3084:Belaci
3049:Alauni
3026:Alpina
3002:Volcae
2942:Salyes
2932:Oxybii
2922:Memini
2902:Helvii
2892:Comani
2882:Cavari
2842:Albici
2814:Veneti
2799:Turoni
2754:Ruteni
2679:Gabali
2674:Esuvii
2607:Arouii
2524:Nervii
2514:Morini
2178:Warini
2131:Vagoth
2116:Tungri
2081:Thelir
2061:Swedes
2056:Sunici
2021:Saxons
2016:Rugini
1949:Manimi
1934:Diduni
1872:Heruli
1810:Gepids
1795:Frisii
1773:Franks
1723:Cimbri
1713:Chauci
1708:Chatti
1621:Nervii
1616:Morini
1574:Belgae
1569:Batavi
1544:Avarpi
1509:Angles
1469:Groups
1419:Viking
1365:Gothic
1343:Gothic
1249:Family
1108:
1085:
1042:
1022:
1000:
975:
926:
642:Caesar
599:*drus-
379:Cimbri
372:Belgae
356:Belgic
346:, the
319:Caesar
297:Trebur
281:Fectio
269:Modave
265:Lucina
249:Chimay
210:Caesar
144:) and
108:-drūs-
82:Caesar
53:Caesar
33:Belgic
3716:Celts
3697:Tylis
3567:Serdi
3129:Carni
2759:Sagii
2592:Aedui
2504:Meldi
2494:Leuci
2404:Vātes
2355:Druid
2276:Gauls
2051:Suebi
2036:Sciri
2011:Rugii
2001:Quadi
1986:Njars
1971:Marsi
1929:Lugii
1897:Jutes
1862:Harii
1857:Gutes
1815:Goths
1805:Geats
1743:Danes
1688:Chali
1609:Segni
1549:Baemi
1392:Runes
1377:Rings
1370:Norse
1338:Names
1331:Norse
1314:Norse
1297:Norse
1058:(PDF)
525:pagus
496:pagus
421:Segni
402:Suebi
232:pagus
198:Segni
194:Namur
190:Liège
186:Meuse
158:Rhine
3559:and
3513:Boii
3460:Boii
3377:Boii
3008:and
2937:Reii
2534:Remi
2350:Bard
2121:Ubii
1768:Fosi
1653:Buri
1106:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1040:ISBN
1020:ISBN
998:ISBN
973:ISBN
949:: 94
924:ISBN
872:6.32
396:and
381:and
310:)".
204:and
113:The
76:and
68:Name
27:The
1996:Osi
1304:Law
1234:Art
1161:of
861:4.6
850:2.4
527:of
501:gau
498:or
443:of
439:in
299:).
88:by
80:by
3731::
2631:,
2627:,
2623:,
2386:,
1066:34
1064:,
1060:,
990:,
958:.
947:45
945:,
941:,
887:,
838:^
830:,
804:^
796:,
703:^
695:,
683:^
662:.
644:.
606:^
587:^
572:^
555:^
531:.
451:.
408:.
333:.
295:,
291:,
271:,
251:.
3563:)
3555:(
3012:)
3004:(
2635:)
2619:(
2390:)
2382:(
2268:e
2261:t
2254:v
1281:)
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1135:t
1128:v
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1048:.
981:.
962:.
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758:.
737:.
567:.
287:(
35:-
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