2487:
2282:
3042:
2056:
68:
2460:
2816:
widespread killing of innocent civilians and their unfair artillery advantage. Soviet deserters found support and acceptance within Afghan villages. After entering the mujahideen, many deserters came to recognize the falsity of Soviet propaganda from the beginning. Unable to legitimize the unnecessary killing and mistreatment of the Afghan people, many deserters could not face returning home and justifying their own actions and the unnecessary deaths of comrades. Upon deserting to the mujahideen, soldiers immersed themselves into Afghan culture. Hoping to rectify their position as the enemy, deserters learned the Afghan language and converted to Islam.
2898:
2775:
Afghanistan's people. As Afghan troops continued to abandon the Soviet army to support the mujahideen, they became anti-Russian and antigovernment. Opposition forces emphasized the
Soviets' atheism, demanding support for the Muslim faith from civilians. The hostility shown towards soldiers, who entered the war believing their assistance was requested, grew defensive. The opposition circulated pamphlets within Soviet camps stationed in cities, calling for Afghan freedom from the aggressive Communist influence and a right to establish their own government.
2071:
2041:
2791:, set the Soviets at a serious fighting disadvantage. While the mujahideen structure was based on kinship and social cohesion, the Soviet army was bureaucratic. Because of this, mujahideen could significantly weaken the Soviet army by the elimination of a field commander or officer. Resistance forces were locally based, more ready to address and mobilize the Afghan population for support. The Soviet army was centrally organized; its regime structure emphasized rank and position, paying less attention to the well-being and effectiveness of its army.
2390:
2959:, the desertion rate in the U.S. Army was 8.3% (9,200 out of 111,000), compared to 12.7% during the War of 1812 and usual peacetime rates of about 14.8% per year. Many men deserted in order to join another U.S. unit and get a second enlistment bonus. Others deserted because of the miserable conditions in camp, or in 1849–1850 were using the army to get free transportation to California, where they deserted to join the
2723:
announcements of upcoming operations, and were highest during the summer and winter. Seasonal desertions were probably a response to the harsh weather conditions of the winter and immense field work required in the summer. A significant jump in desertion in 1989 when the
Soviets withdrew from Afghanistan may suggest a higher concern regarding returning home, rather than an overall opposition towards the war itself.
2626:'s draconian measures. According to Figes, "a majority of deserters (most registered as "weak-willed") were handed back to the military authorities, and formed into units for transfer to one of the rear armies or directly to the front". Even those registered as "malicious" deserters were returned to the ranks when the demand for reinforcements became desperate". Forges also noted that the Red Army instituted
2377:. The Colombian Ministry of Defense reported 19,504 deserters from the FARC between August 2002 and their collective demobilization in 2017, despite potentially severe punishment, including execution, for attempted desertion in the FARC. Organizational decline contributed to FARC's high desertion rate which peaked in the year 2008. A later stalemate between the FARC and government forces gave rise to the
2663:
3102:
2739:. The Soviets believed that shared ideologies between Muslim Central Asians and Afghan soldiers would build trust and morale within the army. However, Central Asians' longstanding historical frustrations with Moscow degraded soldiers' willingness to fight for the Red Army. As Afghan desertion grew and Soviet opposition was strengthened within Afghanistan, the Soviet plan overtly backfired.
3165:. The number had reached about 8,000 by the first quarter of 2006. Almost all of these soldiers deserted within the United States. There has been only one reported case of a desertion in Iraq. The Army, Navy, and Air Force reported 7,978 desertions in 2001, compared with 3,456 in 2005. The Marine Corps showed 1,603 Marines in desertion status in 2001. That had declined to 148 by 2005.
3034:
Georgia into the war with "little support from non-slaveholders" (p. 12), and the ambivalence of non-slaveholders toward secession, he maintains, was the key to understanding desertion. The privations of the home front and camp life, combined with the terror of battle, undermined the weak attachment of southern soldiers to the
Confederacy. For Georgian troops,
2925:(3) without being regularly separated from one of the armed forces enlists or accepts an appointment in the same or another one of the armed forces without fully disclosing the fact that he has not been regularly separated, or enters any foreign armed service except when authorized by the United States; is guilty of desertion.
2933:(c) Any person found guilty of desertion or attempt to desert shall be punished, if the offense is committed in time of war, by death or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct, but if the desertion or attempt to desert occurs at any other time, by such punishment, other than death, as a court-martial may direct.
3049:
Adoption of a localist identity caused soldiers to desert as well. When soldiers implemented a local identity, they neglected to think of themselves as
Southerners fighting a Southern cause. When they replaced their Southern identity with their previous local identity, they lost their motive to fight
2533:
Decades after, the morality of their actions was debated; on the one hand, they had illegally abandoned their country's armed forces at a time when it was threatened with invasion — indeed, it was argued that their acts were treasonous at a time when
Britain may have been planning to seize control of
2802:
In 1980, the Soviet army began to rely on smaller and more cohesive units, a response to mirror mujahideen tactics. A decrease in unit size, while solving organizational issues, promoted field leaders to head more violent and aggressive missions, promoting Soviet desertion. Often, small forces would
2235:
People who are away for more than thirty days but return voluntarily or indicate a credible intent to return may still be considered AWOL. Those who are away for fewer than thirty days but can credibly be shown to have no intent to return (for example, by joining the armed forces of another country)
2761:
began to form. Moderates and fundamentalists banded together to oppose Soviet intervention. The
Islamic ideology solidified a strong base of opposition by January 1980, overriding ethnic, tribal, geographic and economic differences among Afghans willing to fight the Soviet invasion, which attracted
2983:
shadowed the U.S. Army, and captured men who took unauthorized leave or fell out of the ranks. The guerrillas coerced these men to join the
Mexican ranks—threatening to kill them if they failed to comply. The generous promises proved illusory for most deserters, who risked execution if captured by
2806:
Within the Soviet army, serious drug and alcohol problems significantly reduced the effectiveness of soldiers. Resources became further depleted as soldiers pushed into the mountains; drugs were rampantly abused and available, often supplied by
Afghans. Supplies of heating fuel, wood, and food ran
2753:
for the first time uninfluenced by Soviet propagandist versions, and felt a stronger connection towards the opposition than their own comrades. The highest rates of desertion were found among border troops, ranging from 60 to 80% during the first year of the Soviet invasion. In these areas, strong
3053:
A growing threat to the solidarity of the
Confederacy was dissatisfaction in the Appalachian mountain districts caused by lingering unionism and a distrust of the slave power. Many of their soldiers deserted, returned home, and formed a military force that fought off regular army units trying to
2774:
In major cities, Afghan youth that originally supported the leftist movement soon turned to Soviet oppositional forces for patriotic and religious reasons. The opposition built resistance in cities, calling Soviet soldiers infidels that were forcing an imperialist
Communist invasive government on
2770:
Soviet soldiers entered the war under the impression that their roles were primarily related to the organization of Afghan forces and society. Soviet media portrayed the Soviet intervention as a necessary means of protecting the Communist uprising from outside opposition. Propaganda declared that
2513:
Ireland was neutral during the Second World War; the Irish Army expanded to 40,000 men, but they had little to do once it became clear in 1942 that invasion (either by Nazi Germany or by the British Empire) was unlikely. Soldiers were put to work cutting trees and peat; morale was low and pay was
3204:
Any person found guilty of desertion or attempt to desert shall be punished, if the offense is committed in time of war, by death or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct, but if the desertion or attempt to desert occurs at any other time, by such punishment, other than death, as a
2798:
The Afghan army, comprising 100,000 men before 1978, was reduced to 15,000 within the first year of the Soviet invasion. Of the Afghan troops that remained, many were considered untrustworthy to Soviet troops. Afghans that deserted often took artillery with them, supplying the mujahideen. Soviet
3033:
The total number of Confederate deserters was officially 103,400. Desertion was a major factor for the Confederacy in the last two years of the war. According to Mark A. Weitz, Confederate soldiers fought to defend their families, not a nation. He argues that a hegemonic "planter class" brought
2815:
Interviews with Soviet soldier deserters confirm that much of Soviet desertion was in response to widespread Afghan opposition rather than personal aggravation towards the Soviet army. Armed with modern artillery against ill-equipped villagers, Soviet soldiers developed a sense of guilt for the
2778:
The native Afghan army fell from 90,000 to 30,000 by mid-1980, forcing Soviets into more extreme combative positions. The mujahideen's widespread presence among Afghan civilians in rural regions made it difficult for Soviet soldiers to distinguish between the civilians they believed they were
2722:
explain their reasons for desertion as political and in response to internal disorganization and disillusionment regarding their position in the war. Analyses of desertion rates argue that motivations were far less ideological than individual accounts claim. Desertion rates increased prior to
2991:
High desertion rates were a major problem for the Mexican army, depleting forces on the eve of battle. Most of the soldiers were peasants who had a loyalty to their village and family but not to the generals who conscripted them. Often hungry and ill, never well paid, under-equipped and only
2746:, caused tension within the Soviet military. Non-Russian ethnic groups easily related the situation in Afghanistan to Communist takeover of their own states' forced induction into the USSR. Ethnic Russians suspected Central Asians of opposition, and fighting within the army was prevalent.
2799:
troops, to fill Afghan soldiers' place, were pushed into mountainous tribal regions of the East. Soviet tanks and modern warfare was ineffective in the rural, mountainous regions of Afghanistan. Mujahideen tactics of ambush prevented Soviets from developing successful counterattacks.
2606:, and introduced several articles related to military operations. Desertion during a period of mobilization or wartime will be punished by up to 10 years in jail. In December 2022, Kazakhstan deported back to Russia a Russian officer who was trying to avoid the Russo-Ukrainian war.
3025:
New York suffered 44,913 desertions by the war's end, and Pennsylvania recorded 24,050, with Ohio reporting desertions at 18,354. About 1 out of 3 deserters returned to their regiments, either voluntarily or after being arrested and being sent back. Many of the desertions were by
2771:
Soviets were providing aid to villagers and improving Afghanistan by planting trees, improving public buildings and "generally acting as good neighbors". Upon entering Afghanistan, Soviet soldiers became immediately aware of the falsity of the reported situation.
2529:
order meant deserters were allowed to return to Ireland; they were not imprisoned, but lost rights to an army pension and could not work for the state or claim unemployment benefits for 7 years. They were also seen as traitors by some Irish people in their homes.
2864:"During the period between August 1914 and March 1920 more than 20,000 servicemen were convicted by courts-martial of offences which carried the death sentence. Only 3,000 of those men were ordered to be put to death and of those just over 10% were executed."
3030:, men who would enlist to collect the often large cash bonuses and then desert at the earliest opportunity to repeat another enlistment elsewhere. If caught they would face execution; otherwise it could prove a very lucrative criminal enterprise.
2929:(b) Any commissioned officer of the armed forces who, after tender of his resignation and before notice of its acceptance, quits his post or proper duties without leave and with intent to remain away therefrom permanently is guilty of desertion.
2762:
Central Asian deserters. By March 1980, the Soviet army made an executive decision to replace Central Asian troops with the European sectors of the USSR to avoid further religious and ethnic complications, drastically reducing Soviet forces.
5672:
2794:
The initial Soviet plan relied on Afghan troops' support in the mountainous regions of Afghanistan. The majority of the Afghan army support crumbled easily as forces lacked strong ideological support for Communism from the beginning.
3226:
Although a soldier under direct orders, in battle, is normally not subject to prosecution for war crimes, there is legal language supporting a soldier's refusal to commit such crimes, in military contexts outside of immediate peril.
3238:
conscientious objections" while performing military service. This opens the possibility of desertion as a response to cases in which the soldier is required to perform crimes against humanity as part of his mandatory military duty.
2946:
was 12.7%, according to available service records. Desertion was especially common in 1814, when enlistment bonuses were increased from $ 16 to $ 124, inducing many men to desert one unit and enlist in another to get two bonuses.
5175:
2247:
There are similar concepts to desertion. Missing movement occurs when a member of the armed forces fails to arrive at the appointed time and place to deploy (or "move out") with their assigned unit, ship, or aircraft. In the
2992:
partially trained, the soldiers were held in contempt by their officers and had little reason to fight the Americans. Looking for their opportunity, many slipped away from camp to find their way back to their home village.
2842:
desertion was a massive drain on British army resources, despite the threat of court martial and the possibility of capital punishment for the crime. Many deserters were harboured by citizens who were sympathetic to them.
5205:
2807:
low at bases. Soviet soldiers often resorted to trading weapons and ammunition in exchange for drugs or food. As morale decreased and infections of hepatitis and typhus spread, soldiers became further disheartened.
2301:(AIF) to be executed for desertion, despite pressure from the British Government and military to do so. The AIF had the highest rate of soldiers going absent without leave of any of the national contingents in the
3173:
Before the Civil War, deserters from the Army were flogged; after 1861, tattoos or branding were also used. The maximum U.S. penalty for desertion in wartime remains death, but this punishment was last applied to
3149:. Other countries also gave asylum to deserted U.S. soldiers. For example, Sweden allows asylum for foreign soldiers deserting from war, if the war does not align with the current goals of Swedish foreign policy.
3082:
Over 20,000 American soldiers were tried and sentenced for desertion. Forty-nine were sentenced to death, though forty-eight of these death sentences were subsequently commuted. Only one U.S. soldier, Private
4456:
2884:, with 566 missing from 2005 and that part of 2006. The Ministry of Defence said that levels of absence were fairly constant and "only one person has been found guilty of deserting the Army since 1989".
3222:
The fact that a person acted pursuant to order of his Government or of a superior does not relieve him from responsibility under international law, provided a moral choice was in fact possible to him.
2486:
2872:
Throughout the Second World War, almost 100,000 British and Commonwealth troops deserted from the armed forces. Capital punishment for desertion was abolished in 1930 so most were imprisoned.
3054:
punish them. North Carolina lost 23% of its soldiers (24,122) to desertion. The state provided more soldiers per capita than any other Confederate state, and had more deserters as well.
5335:"The Status of Conscientious Objections Under Article 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights, 33 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 379 (2000); See pages 412–424, (or PDF pages 34–36)"
5183:
2569:
2281:
2620:
2574:
During the First World War 28 New Zealand soldiers were sentenced to death for desertion; of these, five were executed. These soldiers were posthumously pardoned in 2000 through the
2411:, but due to many factors, like the inability to manage and keep track of all the armies or differentiating between men with similar names, the exact number is unclear. In 1800, the
5104:
5213:
2231:
if they enlist or accept an appointment in the same or another branch of service without disclosing the fact that they have not been properly separated from current service.
2963:. Several hundred deserters went over to the Mexican side; nearly all were recent immigrants from Europe with weak ties to the United States. The most famous group was the
2259:
Failure to repair consists of missing a formation or failing to appear at an assigned place and time when so ordered. It is a lesser offense within Article 86 of the UCMJ.
3070:
commuted their death sentences to prison terms. Deserters were often publicly humiliated. One U.S. Navy deserter, Henry Holscher, later joined a UK regiment and won the
2322:
2538:); on the other hand, they chose to leave a safe if tedious posting in order to risk their lives fighting against fascism, and many were motivated by genuine idealism.
3359:
3066:(AEF) charged 5,584 servicemen and convicted 2,657 for desertion. 24 AEF troops were eventually sentenced to death, but all managed to avoid execution after President
4043:
2055:
3041:
2641:, dated 16 August 1941, was issued by Joseph Stalin. The order required superiors to shoot deserters on the spot. Their family members were subjected to arrest.
4636:
3062:
Desertion still occurred among American armed forces after the U.S. joined the First World War on 6 April 1917. Between 6 April 1917, and 31 December 1918, the
3904:
3531:
2268:— was established by the U.S. military in 2020 to prompt unit actions and police investigations during the first 48 hours that a service member is missing.
3214:
Under international law, ultimate "duty" or "responsibility" is not necessarily always to a "government" nor to "a superior", as seen in the fourth of the
5358:
5305:
67:
5020:
Montgomery, Paul L. (20 August 1974). "Number of Deserters and Draft Evaders Disputed - Proponents Call for Full Pardon, Public Service or Hearings".
3350:
2649:) which would shoot "cowards" and fleeing panicked troops at the rear. Over the course of the war, the Soviets executed 158,000 troops for desertion.
2302:
4180:
991:
3193:
under Article 86 of the UCMJ for repeat or more severe offenses. Many AWOL/UA service members are also given a discharge in lieu of court-martial.
2852:
2758:
1418:
2779:
fighting for and the official opposition. Soldiers who had entered the war with idealistic viewpoints of their roles were quickly disillusioned.
2459:
2366:
4853:
Dotson, Rand (2000). ""The Grave and Scandalous Evil Infected to Your People": The Erosion of Confederate Loyalty in Floyd County, Virginia".
5467:
4757:
4303:
4209:
2967:, about half of whom were Catholics from Ireland, anti-Catholic prejudice reportedly being another reason for desertion. The Mexicans issued
2826:
2919:(1) without authority goes or remains absent from his unit, organization, or place of duty with intent to remain away therefrom permanently;
2415:
reported that there were 175,000 deserters based on the number of individuals that sought the benefits following the amnesty put in place.
5706:
2504:
5740:
5334:
2803:
engage in rapes, looting, and general violence beyond what higher ranks ordered, increasing negative sanctions in undesirable locations.
5123:
2897:
1774:
2471:
During the First World War, only 18 Germans who deserted were executed. However, the Germans executed 15,000 men who deserted from the
5527:
5448:
4547:
3629:
2630:
weeks to prohibit punitive measures against desertion which encouraged the voluntary return of 98,000-132,000 deserters to the army.
1969:
1747:
362:
2686:
2673:
2514:
bad. Of the 60,000 men who passed through the army in 1940–45, about 7,000 men deserted, about half of them deciding to fight on the
5580:
5487:
5117:
4951:
4007:
3132:
2732:
2705:
1423:
5474:– includes an alphabetical listing of more than 17,000 Australian soldiers who were court-martialled by the AIF during World War I.
2906:
2253:
1501:
1484:
3868:
3124:
3096:
2298:
1846:
1271:
116:
5598:
Weitz, Mark A. (1999). "Preparing for the Prodigal Sons: The Development of the Union Desertion Policy during the Civil War".
5291:
2542:
1610:
5176:"Misconduct (including drug and alchohol abuse): Air Force · GI Rights Hotline: Military Discharges and Military Counseling"
5269:
4199:
5235:
4051:
3886:
3512:
3264:
3247:
3063:
3035:
2027:
1474:
5035:
4162:
3738:
2964:
2922:(2) quits his unit, organization, or place of duty with intent to avoid hazardous duty or to shirk important service; or
2467:
as the Red Army approached in February 1945, warning soldiers that escaping with civilians will be treated as desertion.
2419:
2305:, and the proportion of soldiers who deserted was also higher than that of other forces on the Western Front in France.
1964:
428:
5206:"Misconduct (including drug and alchohol abuse): Navy · GI Rights Hotline: Military Discharges and Military Counseling"
3178:
in 1945. No U.S. serviceman has received more than 24 months imprisonment for desertion or missing movement after
2479:. In June 1988 the Initiative for the Creation of a Memorial to Deserters who deserted the Wehrmacht came to life in
2434:
2374:
1974:
1161:
963:
834:
372:
5646:
Maria Fritsche. "Proving One's Manliness: Masculine Self-perceptions of Austrian Deserters in the Second World War".
5292:"Conscientious objection to military service; Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77; see preamble "Aware...""
2393:"Convoy of Deserters - Paris" in the book "Cassell's History of the War between France and Germany. 1870–1871"
4690:
3534:. In Daniel, Ute; Gatrell, Peter; Janz, Oliver; Jones, Heather; Keene, Jennifer; Kramer, Alan; Nasson, Bill (eds.).
2070:
2040:
5673:
Pater Wilhelm Schmidt im Schweizer Exil: Interaktionen mit Wehrmachtsdeserteuren und Nachrichtendiensten, 1943–1945
4907:
King-Owen, Scott (2011). "Conditional Confederates: Absenteeism among Western North Carolina Soldiers, 1861–1865".
3315:
3294:
2249:
2194:
1438:
20:
4271:
3465:. Charlottesville, Virginia: The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center & School (JAGS), U.S. Army. p. 3.
2221:
by leaving or remaining absent from their unit, organization, or place of duty, where there has been a determined
5774:
3963:"Pariah Dogs: Deserters from the Irish Defence Forces Who Joined the British Armed Forces during 'The Emergency'"
3197:
2587:
2402:
2202:
2170:
1548:
1056:
405:
279:
133:
31:
2956:
5410:
Bearman, Peter S. (1991). "Desertion as Localism: Army Unit Solidarity and Group Norms in the U.S. Civil War".
4818:
Bearman, Peter S. (1991). "Desertion as Localism: Army Unit Solidarity and Group Norms in the U.S. Civil War".
3259:
2557:
2222:
2166:
1999:
1866:
1413:
1106:
924:
772:
5362:
2418:
From 1914 to 1918 between 600 and 650 French soldiers were executed for desertion. In 2013, a report for the
3346:
3274:
3186:
3019:
3001:
2603:
2578:. Those who deserted before reaching the front were imprisoned in what were claimed to be harsh conditions.
2508:
2491:
2378:
2158:
1952:
1934:
1690:
1249:
1171:
1116:
714:
377:
2824:
Historically, one who was paid to enlist and then deserted could be arrested under a type of writ known as
2619:
In 1919, 616 "hardcore" deserters of the total 837,000 draft dodgers and deserters were executed following
4741:
Bennett, Shannon Smith (2013). "Draft Resistance and Rioting". In Morehouse, Maggi M.; Trodd, Zoe (eds.).
3269:
3140:
2515:
2289:
making light of the high incidence of soldiers going absent without leave in the Australian Imperial Force
2174:
1819:
1794:
1516:
1428:
1301:
1176:
777:
754:
200:
99:
3443:(2012 ed.). Fort Belvoir, Virginia: United States Army Publishing Directorate. pp. IV-16–IV-17.
3421:(2012 ed.). Fort Belvoir, Virginia: United States Army Publishing Directorate. pp. IV-10–IV-13.
3396:(2012 ed.). Fort Belvoir, Virginia: United States Army Publishing Directorate. pp. IV-13–IV-16.
2719:
4081:
3162:
2976:
2858:
2398:
2342:
2206:
2190:
2101:
1408:
1341:
1294:
948:
911:
874:
792:
744:
628:
438:
246:
155:
27:
2405:
deserted. There were rough estimates to the number of individuals that deserted during the time of the
5361:. IMMIGRATION AND REFUGEE BOARD OF CANADA (Refugee Protection Division). 16 March 2005. Archived from
5075:
4111:
3988:
2857:"306 British and Commonwealth soldiers were executed for...desertion during World War I," records the
5319:
4457:"History of Science: Cyclopædia, or, An universal dictionary of arts and sciences: Arboreus - artery"
3320:
3310:
3215:
3179:
3111:
2985:
2968:
2960:
2162:
1799:
1701:
1558:
1553:
1371:
1336:
1071:
891:
749:
685:
539:
509:
106:
4880:
Otten, James T. (1974). "Disloyalty in the Upper Districts of South Carolina during the Civil War".
3817:
Welch, Steven R. (2012). "Commemorating 'Heroes of a Special Kind': Deserter Monuments in Germany".
2880:
On 28 May 2006, the UK military reported over 1,000 absent without leave since the beginning of the
4600:
Stagg, J. C. A. (1986). "Enlisted Men in the United States Army, 1812-1815: A Preliminary Survey".
4136:
3014:, both the Union and Confederacy had a desertion problem. From its 2.5 million or so men, the
2743:
2736:
2346:
1650:
1635:
1511:
1398:
1376:
1351:
1311:
1221:
1031:
936:
886:
653:
643:
608:
400:
390:
160:
84:
4788:
3022:, which was less than a million men and possibly as little as a third the size of the Union Army.
2048:
5759:
5427:
4924:
4889:
4862:
4835:
4780:
4617:
4502:
4250:
3970:
3943:
3850:
3842:
3485:
3011:
2198:
2154:
1984:
1839:
1759:
1680:
1625:
1600:
1521:
1467:
1433:
1364:
1281:
1191:
1096:
1041:
931:
896:
849:
724:
695:
648:
586:
561:
395:
209:
128:
5703:
4982:
4967:
3923:
2439:
2984:
U.S. forces. About fifty of the San Patricios were tried and hanged following their capture at
5769:
5737:
5586:
5576:
5559:
5493:
5483:
5463:
5444:
5441:
A Short, Offhand, Killing Affair: Soldiers and Social Conflict during the Mexican-American War
5341:
5252:
5113:
4947:
4662:
A Short, Offhand, Killing Affair: Soldiers and Social Conflict during the Mexican-American War
4242:
4205:
3834:
3702:
3661:
3466:
2980:
2788:
2407:
2389:
2020:
1929:
1876:
1779:
1769:
1764:
1734:
1717:
1712:
1685:
1630:
1331:
1321:
1316:
1306:
1226:
1216:
1211:
1186:
1156:
1046:
1016:
1011:
1001:
996:
986:
901:
854:
824:
663:
456:
433:
367:
5306:"Conscientious objection to military service; E/CN.4/RES/1998/77; See introductory paragraph"
5270:
Army Regulation 635–200 Personnel Separations Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations
5053:
3119:
According to the Department of Defense, 503,926 United States servicemen deserted during the
2256:(UCMJ). The offense is similar to absence without leave but may draw more severe punishment.
5607:
5549:
5539:
5514:
5419:
5320:"Conscientious objection to military service, Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77"
4916:
4827:
4772:
4609:
4494:
4234:
4073:
3935:
3924:"The 'desertions crisis' in the Irish defence forces during the Second World War, 1939–1945"
3826:
3692:
3651:
3641:
3573:
3539:
3304:
3145:
2476:
2214:
2122:
1994:
1959:
1891:
1784:
1722:
1615:
1543:
1536:
1393:
1326:
1276:
1266:
1141:
1061:
1021:
1006:
973:
958:
829:
814:
767:
675:
633:
576:
571:
529:
352:
329:
236:
165:
94:
77:
5505:
Marrs, Aaron W. (2004). "Desertion and Loyalty in the South Carolina Infantry, 1861–1865".
5389:
5148:
3433:
3411:
3386:
2228:
if that intent is determined to be to avoid hazardous duty or shirk contractual obligation;
5764:
5744:
5710:
5626:
4275:
4094:
3497:
3455:
2839:
2444:
2426:
2294:
2182:
2178:
2093:
1804:
1789:
1707:
1663:
1605:
1261:
1256:
1146:
1136:
1051:
1026:
968:
809:
739:
729:
668:
581:
566:
489:
461:
261:
241:
89:
5728:
5528:"Why Rebels Stop Fighting: Organizational Decline and Desertion in Colombia's Insurgency"
3630:"Why Rebels Stop Fighting: Organizational Decline and Desertion in Colombia's Insurgency"
3769:
3569:
3356:
3243:
3071:
3067:
2646:
1989:
1979:
1727:
1151:
1111:
1089:
1076:
1066:
1036:
953:
906:
709:
700:
591:
544:
524:
514:
484:
451:
339:
296:
251:
123:
56:
5322:. United Nations Human Rights, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. 1998.
2345:. The inscription on top of the three step sculpture features a poem by Scottish poet
5753:
5636:
4928:
4506:
3947:
3854:
3284:
3190:
3136:
3106:
3027:
2642:
2638:
2412:
2334:
2326:
2089:
2085:
1826:
1814:
1670:
1590:
1506:
1489:
1346:
1201:
1181:
864:
859:
839:
819:
734:
705:
680:
556:
534:
519:
494:
334:
256:
219:
214:
111:
5719:
3795:
3599:
3577:
3325:
3289:
3175:
3158:
3084:
2623:
2595:
2545:
2519:
2338:
2013:
1939:
1919:
1914:
1809:
1754:
1388:
1383:
1206:
1121:
869:
603:
504:
301:
205:
2645:, dated 28 July 1942, directed that each Army must create "blocking detachments" (
2205:
generally refer to this as unauthorized absence. Personnel are dropped from their
4025:
5691:
I Ain’t Marching Anymore: Dissenters, Deserters, and Objectors to America’s Wars
5277:
3128:
3120:
3101:
2943:
2599:
2286:
2186:
2181:, military personnel will become AWOL if absent from their post without a valid
2097:
1924:
1675:
1640:
1479:
1166:
1131:
844:
787:
690:
474:
195:
190:
5554:
3697:
3680:
3656:
2750:
5039:
4008:"Column: Time to ask questions about Irish army deserters during World War II"
3532:"Between Acceptance and Refusal - Soldiers' Attitudes Towards War (Australia)"
3015:
3005:
2972:
2591:
2370:
2063:
1881:
1851:
1573:
942:
5563:
4246:
4238:
3939:
3838:
3830:
3706:
3665:
3470:
3234:
resolution 1998/77 recognized that "persons performing military service may
5714:
5590:
5497:
5079:
4565:
4520:
3279:
2472:
2425:
Conversely, France considered as highly praiseworthy the act of citizens of
2318:
1871:
1695:
1645:
1585:
1580:
1445:
1236:
1231:
1196:
638:
324:
291:
180:
4227:"The Red Army and Mass Mobilization during the Russian Civil War 1918-1920"
2742:
The personal histories of Central Asian ethnic groups – especially between
5661:
5611:
5518:
4920:
4719:
3543:
3242:
The principle was tested unsuccessfully in the case of U.S. Army deserter
3161:, more than 5,500 military personnel deserted in 2003–2004, following the
5544:
4694:
4498:
3646:
2881:
2362:
1886:
1861:
1494:
1126:
1101:
719:
274:
148:
4893:
3974:
3846:
5443:. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press.
5431:
5340:. New York University School of Law, Issues – Volume 33. Archived from
4866:
4839:
4784:
4621:
4268:
4201:
Russia's Army: A History from the Napoleonic Wars to the War in Ukraine
3962:
3905:"Podcast: Irish Army Deserters in the Second World War with Cían Harte"
2627:
2553:
2526:
2330:
2263:
2241:
2104:) and is done with the intention of not returning. This contrasts with
2074:
1896:
1856:
1620:
1454:
1450:
797:
782:
658:
319:
314:
284:
223:
185:
4482:
4254:
4226:
3250:
rejecting refugee status to a deserter invoking Nuremberg Article IV.
4743:
Civil War America: A Social and Cultural History with Primary Sources
4638:
The Old Army: A Portrait of the American Army in Peacetime, 1784–1898
4163:"They Refused to Fight for Russia. The Law Did Not Treat Them Kindly"
4106:
4104:
3299:
2549:
2535:
2464:
2373:
were highly affected by desertion during the armed conflict with the
2314:
1403:
804:
621:
357:
5423:
4831:
4776:
4613:
2217:, desertion is not measured by time away from the unit, but rather:
5290:
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (22 April 1998).
4444:
Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982
4431:
Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982
2861:. Of these, 25 were Canadian, 22 Irishmen and five New Zealanders.
2749:
Upon entering Afghanistan, many Central Asians were exposed to the
5573:
A Higher Duty: Desertion among Georgia Troops during the Civil War
4806:
A higher duty: desertion among Georgia troops during the Civil War
3231:
3100:
3040:
2896:
2485:
2458:
2388:
2280:
2069:
2054:
2039:
879:
415:
410:
5720:
Memorial to German World War II deserters in Ulm, Germany at the
2757:
As Afghan soldiers continued to desert the Soviet army, a united
3045:
The execution of a U.S. deserter in the Federal Camp, Alexandria
2341:
and is located opposite the President's office and the Austrian
175:
170:
5259:. United States Department of Homeland Security. November 2016.
4548:"Into the Lives of Three Deserters Who Did Not Have a Good War"
3989:"Deserters should pay the price for leaving down their country"
2437:. After the war it was decided to award all such deserters the
4294:. New Haven, CT; London: Yale University Press, 2006, page 132
3603:
2656:
2480:
2430:
48:
4366:, (New York: Russ Intellectual Properties, 2009), pp. 97–106.
3681:"Las guerrillas marxistas y la pena de muerte a combatientes"
5655:
GIs Speak Out Against the War: The Case of the Ft. Jackson 8
4968:"U.S. Navy 'jack-the-lad' deserter turned WW1 military hero"
4758:"Draft evasion in the North during the Civil War, 1863–1865"
4483:"Desertion from the British Army during the Napoleonic Wars"
2971:
and leaflets enticing U.S. soldiers with promises of money,
2297:, the Australian Government refused to allow members of the
3463:
The Army Lawyer (Department of the Army Pamphlet 27-50-198)
3038:
through their home counties triggered the most desertions.
2128:
5662:
Desertion from the British Army during the Napoleonic Wars
4590:
Sub Chapter 10, Punitive Articles, Section 885, Article 85
3185:
A U.S. service member who is AWOL/UA may be punished with
2754:
ethnic clashes and cultural factors influenced desertion.
2134:
5006:
Kimmelman, Benedict B., "The Example of Private Slovik",
2853:
British Army during the First World War § Discipline
26:"AWOL" and "Deserter" redirect here. For other uses, see
5631:
Soldiers in Revolt: GI Resistance During the Vietnam War
5333:
D. Christopher Decker, and Lucia Fresa (29 March 2001).
3018:
saw about 200,000 desertions. Over 100,000 deserted the
2594:
of Russia adopted amendments to include the concepts of
2570:
List of New Zealand soldiers executed during World War I
5729:
Memorial to all deserters in Stuttgart, Germany at the
5641:
Deserter: The Last Untold Story of the Second World War
3123:
between 1 July 1966 to 31 December 1973. Some of these
2787:
The structure of the Soviet army, in comparison to the
2681:
4664:(University of North Carolina Press. 2002) p 25, 103–7
4326:, (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1990), pp. 175–8.
4181:"Russian officer sentenced to 6.5 years for deserting"
2783:
Problems in Soviet army structure and living standards
4400:, (Durnham: Duke University Press, 1983), pp. 206–14.
3685:
Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura
3513:"Senior leaders announce results of Fort Hood review"
2131:
5294:. United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
4292:
Stalin's Wars: From World War to Cold War, 1939–1953
3727:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 32–70.
3432:
Joint Service Committee on Military Justice (2012).
3410:
Joint Service Committee on Military Justice (2012).
3385:
Joint Service Committee on Military Justice (2012).
2262:
An additional duty status code — absent-unknown, or
2137:
5106:
US Army AWOL Defense: A Practice Guide and Formbook
2125:
4446:, (Berkeley: University of California, 1997), 175.
4433:, (Berkeley: University of California, 1997), 136.
4398:Afghanistan and the Soviet Union, New and Expanded
3869:"Time to pardon soldiers who left to fight Hitler"
3739:"France may pardon executed World War I 'cowards'"
2901:A United States wartime poster deprecating absence
2759:Islamic Alliance for the Liberation of Afghanistan
16:Abandonment of military duty without authorization
5668:, Vol. 49, No. 4 (Summer 2016), pp. 808–828.
3536:International Encyclopedia of the First World War
2735:, the majority of Soviet forces were soldiers of
2323:Memorial for the Victims of Nazi Military Justice
4392:
3718:
3716:
3600:"Vienna to honour Austria's Nazi army deserters"
3360:Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
2942:The desertion rate for American soldiers in the
5308:. UN Commission on Human Rights. 22 April 1998.
5069:
5067:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4074:"Apology and amnesty for World War II soldiers"
3887:"IRISH ARMY DESERTERS FROM CO. KILDARE IN WWII"
3764:
3762:
3760:
3220:
3210:Legal status of desertion in cases of war crime
3202:
2912:
2252:, this is a violation of the Article 87 of the
5397:(2012 ed.). US Government Printing Office
5156:(2012 ed.). US Government Printing Office
4855:The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
4418:Organizations at War in Afghanistan and Beyond
4342:Organizations at War in Afghanistan and Beyond
4318:
4316:
4286:
4284:
3570:"Vienna to honor deserters from Hitler's army"
3109:, four U.S. Navy seamen who deserted from the
3087:, was executed for desertion in World War II.
2490:Deserters from the Portuguese Army during the
5236:Marine Corps Separation and Retirement Manual
5098:
5096:
4944:Desertion and the American Soldier: 1776-2006
4358:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4204:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 109.
3623:
3621:
2830:, or "For arresting one who received money".
2690:that contextualizes different points of view.
2676:to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies
2397:Many individuals who were conscripted by the
2077:soldiers in 1919, with deserters as prisoners
2021:
8:
4137:"Camp or Starvation? (NZ Truth, 1918-09-28)"
4026:"WWII Irish 'deserters' finally get pardons"
3006:Union Army § Desertions and draft riots
2766:Soviet disillusionment upon entering the war
2337:. The monument was created by German artist
2556:to all World War II-era deserters from the
2240:. On rare occasions, they may be tried for
2209:rolls after thirty days and then listed as
5686:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001.
4412:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4336:
4334:
4332:
3127:. Among those who deserted to Canada were
2028:
2014:
38:
5553:
5543:
5112:. Oklahoma City, OK: Military Law Press.
3696:
3655:
3645:
3351:United Nations Commission on Human Rights
2706:Learn how and when to remove this message
2145:), which are temporary forms of absence.
5526:Nussio, Enzo; Ugarriza, Juan E. (2021).
4714:
4712:
4685:
4683:
3628:Nussio, Enzo; Ugarriza, Juan E. (2021).
3405:
3403:
3380:
3378:
3002:Confederate States Army § Desertion
2576:Pardon for Soldiers of the Great War Act
992:List of military strategies and concepts
5677:Paideuma: Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde,
5391:Manual for Courts-Martial United States
5253:Military Separations: COMDTINST M1000.4
5150:Manual for Courts-Martial United States
4946:. Algora Publishing. pp. 111–112.
3556:
3441:Manual for Courts-Martial United States
3419:Manual for Courts-Martial United States
3394:Manual for Courts-Martial United States
3374:
3337:
2914:(a) Any member of the armed forces who–
46:
5359:"Hinzman Decision, Full Text Decision"
4983:"On Military Desertion and Executions"
4882:The South Carolina Historical Magazine
4090:
4079:
3493:
3483:
3196:The 2012 edition of the United States
3115:in protest against the war in Vietnam.
2727:Inter-ethnic explanation for desertion
2367:Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
2149:Desertion versus absence without leave
5036:"Vietnam War Resisters, Then and Now"
5010:, September—October 1987, pp. 97—104.
2827:arrestando ipsum qui pecuniam recepit
2718:Many Soviet soldier deserters of the
7:
5462:. Burleigh, Qld: Zeus Publications.
4521:"UK | Tribute to WWI 'cowards'"
4420:, (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2008), 186–7.
4344:, (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2008), 157–8.
4112:"First New Zealand Soldier Executed"
4076:. 7 May 2013 – via www.rte.ie.
4006:Kennedy, Dr Michael (17 June 2012).
2505:Irish neutrality during World War II
5657:. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1970.
4691:"Desertion In The Civil War Armies"
4566:"At least 1,000 UK soldiers desert"
3794:Mark R. Hatlie (19 November 2005).
3050:and, therefore, deserted the army.
2422:recommended that they be pardoned.
5633:. Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2005.
4693:. Civilwarhome.com. Archived from
4304:Patriots ignore greatest brutality
4198:Reese, Roger R. (3 October 2023).
3922:Quinn, Joseph (26 November 2020).
3387:"Article 86—Absence without leave"
2811:Soviet deserters to the mujahideen
2420:French Ministry of Veteran Affairs
14:
5684:Desertion: In the Time of Vietnam
4143:. National Library of New Zealand
3530:Stanley, Peter (25 August 2017).
3133:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
2543:Minister for Justice and Equality
2349:(1924–2006) with just two words:
2321:deserters. On 24 October 2014, a
5693:. New York: The New Press, 2020.
5679:no. 62 (2016), pp. 203–221.
5575:. University of Nebraska Press.
5482:. University of Nebraska Press.
5054:"Deserters: We Won't Go To Iraq"
3511:Suits, Devon (8 December 2020).
2907:Uniform Code of Military Justice
2661:
2254:Uniform Code of Military Justice
2121:
66:
5458:Lambley, Desmond Bruce (2012).
5074:Nicholas, Bill (6 March 2006).
4942:Robert Fantina (2 April 2006).
4481:Linch, Kevin (11 August 2016).
3819:Journal of Contemporary History
3461:. In Winter, Matthew E. (ed.).
3246:, which resulted in a Canadian
3097:Vietnam War resisters in Canada
2905:According to the United States
2299:First Australian Imperial Force
2213:; however, as a matter of U.S.
5650:, 24/1 (2012), pp. 35–55.
5480:Desertion during the Civil War
5076:"8,000 desert during Iraq war"
4602:The William and Mary Quarterly
4546:Garner, Dwight (9 June 2013).
3796:"Memorial to Deserters in Ulm"
2236:may nevertheless be tried for
1:
5276:. 6 June 2006. Archived from
4981:Wills, Matthew (1 May 2015).
3774:The Heritage of the Great War
3434:"Article 87—Missing Movement"
3265:Canada and Iraq War resisters
3064:American Expeditionary Forces
2244:if enough evidence is found.
4808:(U of Nebraska Press, 2005).
3519:(Press release). Washington.
3163:Iraq invasion and occupation
2744:Pashtuns, Uzbeks, and Tajiks
2325:was inaugurated on Vienna's
5460:March in the Guilty Bastard
4765:Journal of American History
4635:Coffman, Edward M. (1988).
3143:, sports columnist for the
2525:Once the war was over, the
2375:Military Forces of Colombia
2317:decided to honour Austrian
2303:British Expeditionary Force
1485:Military–industrial complex
964:Operational manoeuvre group
5791:
5240:United States Marine Corps
4675:The Mexican War, 1846–1848
4308:The Sydney Morning Herald.
4116:New Zealand History Online
3698:10.15446/achsc.v41n1.44855
3606:News Europe. 23 April 2011
3316:Resistance Inside the Army
3295:List of Iraq War resisters
3094:
2999:
2909:, desertion is defined as:
2850:
2567:
2502:
2494:in Africa, Amsterdam, 1969
2250:United States Armed Forces
2195:United States Marine Corps
25:
21:Desertion (disambiguation)
18:
5666:Journal of Social History
5257:United States Coast Guard
5103:Branum, James M. (2012).
4677:(Routledge, 2003), p. 67.
4509:– via Project MUSE.
4487:Journal of Social History
4461:digicoll.library.wisc.edu
4141:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
3248:federal immigration board
3205:court-martial may direct.
3198:Manual for Courts-Martial
3028:"professional" bounty men
2965:Saint Patrick's Battalion
2588:2022 Russian mobilization
2463:German street posters in
2403:French Revolutionary Wars
2203:United States Coast Guard
2171:New Zealand Defence Force
1549:Loss-of-strength gradient
406:Combat information center
32:Deserter (disambiguation)
5709:31 December 2015 at the
3940:10.1177/0968344520932960
3831:10.1177/0022009411431721
3725:Conscripts and Deserters
3679:Aguilera, Mario (2014).
3454:Anderson, Wayne (1989).
3307:, in civilian employment
3260:Barratry (admiralty law)
2731:In the beginning of the
2413:Minister of War (Carnot)
2167:Australian Defence Force
2084:is the abandonment of a
1867:Military science fiction
1352:Technology and equipment
773:List of military tactics
5571:Weitz, Mark A. (2000).
4720:"Confederate Desertion"
4225:Figes, Orlando (1990).
3456:"Unauthorized Absences"
3347:Conscientious objection
3275:Decimation (Roman army)
3187:non-judicial punishment
2737:Central Asian republics
2590:, the Putin-controlled
2509:The Emergency (Ireland)
2492:Portuguese Colonial War
2379:Colombian peace process
2159:United States Air Force
1935:Wartime sexual violence
1691:Full-spectrum dominance
1502:Supply-chain management
5532:International Security
5274:Department of the Army
4756:Levine, Peter (1981).
4239:10.1093/past/129.1.168
4089:Cite journal requires
3723:Forrest, Alan (1989).
3634:International Security
3559:, especially pp. 6-60.
3412:"Article 85—Desertion"
3311:Nuremberg Principle IV
3270:Conscientious objector
3224:
3207:
3116:
3046:
2935:
2902:
2495:
2468:
2448:
2394:
2290:
2175:Singapore Armed Forces
2092:without permission (a
2078:
2067:
2052:
1847:Awards and decorations
1820:Peace through strength
1795:Low-intensity conflict
1429:Conscientious objector
1302:Area of responsibility
5671:Peter Rohrbacher. "
5643:. Harperpress, 2013.
5612:10.1353/cwh.1999.0082
5519:10.1353/cwh.2004.0019
4921:10.1353/cwh.2011.0068
4416:Abdulkader H. Sinno,
4340:Abdulkader H. Sinno,
4269:Text of Order No. 270
3544:10.15463/ie1418.11149
3349:to military service:
3104:
3044:
2977:officers' commissions
2900:
2859:Shot at Dawn Memorial
2684:by rewriting it in a
2534:Ireland's ports (see
2489:
2462:
2399:French First Republic
2392:
2284:
2179:Canadian Armed Forces
2114:absence without leave
2073:
2058:
2043:
439:Torpedo data computer
429:Ship gun fire-control
28:AWOL (disambiguation)
5743:6 April 2015 at the
5648:Gender & History
5545:10.1162/isec_a_00406
5478:Lonn, Ella (1998) .
5347:on 22 November 2011.
4274:17 June 2008 at the
4054:on 28 September 2012
3961:Canny, Liam (1998).
3647:10.1162/isec_a_00406
3321:Running the gauntlet
3216:Nuremberg Principles
2961:California Gold Rush
2957:Mexican–American War
2951:Mexican–American War
2558:Irish Defence Forces
2163:British Armed Forces
2106:unauthorized absence
1965:Military occupations
1800:Military engineering
1702:Unrestricted Warfare
1559:Force multiplication
457:Military manoeuvrers
19:For other uses, see
5555:20.500.11850/480000
5439:Foos, Paul (2002).
5210:girightshotline.org
5180:girightshotline.org
5042:on 9 November 2014.
4396:Henry S. Bradsher,
4290:Roberts, Geoffrey.
3657:20.500.11850/480000
3353:resolution 1998/77"
2602:and wartime in the
2518:, most joining the
2449:Médaille des Évadés
2347:Ian Hamilton Finlay
1651:Penal military unit
1636:Rules of engagement
1312:Command and control
937:Operations research
401:Director (military)
391:Fire-control system
161:Command and control
42:Part of a series on
5060:. 6 December 2004.
5022:The New York Times
4552:The New York Times
4499:10.1093/jsh/shw007
4231:Past & Present
4167:The New York Times
3180:September 11, 2001
3125:migrated to Canada
3117:
3047:
3012:American Civil War
2996:American Civil War
2903:
2621:People's Commissar
2496:
2469:
2433:deserted from the
2395:
2291:
2285:A 1918 cartoon by
2199:United States Navy
2155:United States Army
2079:
2068:
2053:
1760:Counter-insurgency
1681:Command of the sea
1626:Jewish laws on war
1601:Geneva Conventions
1137:Divide and conquer
932:Military operation
897:Tactical objective
396:Fire-control radar
373:Electronic-warfare
5600:Civil War History
5507:Civil War History
5469:978-1-921-91953-4
5008:American Heritage
4909:Civil War History
4651:Foos (2002) p 25.
4211:978-0-8061-9356-4
3911:. 2 October 2021.
3798:. Sites of Memory
3157:According to the
2720:Soviet–Afghan War
2716:
2715:
2708:
2670:This article may
2653:Soviet–Afghan War
2615:Russian Civil War
2038:
2037:
1930:Horses in warfare
1877:Anti-war movement
1780:Gunboat diplomacy
1770:Disaster response
1718:Philosophy of war
1713:Principles of war
1686:Deterrence theory
1631:Right of conquest
1554:Lanchester's laws
1322:Principles of war
1012:Counter-offensive
997:Military campaign
902:Target saturation
825:Counterinsurgency
434:Gun data computer
368:Close air support
330:Aircraft carriers
5782:
5775:Political crimes
5738:AWOL Information
5704:Missing movement
5689:Chris Lombardi.
5615:
5594:
5567:
5557:
5547:
5522:
5501:
5473:
5454:
5435:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5396:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5370:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5339:
5330:
5324:
5323:
5316:
5310:
5309:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5287:
5281:
5280:on 3 March 2016.
5266:
5260:
5249:
5243:
5232:
5226:
5225:
5223:
5221:
5212:. Archived from
5202:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5191:
5182:. Archived from
5172:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5155:
5145:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5128:
5122:. Archived from
5111:
5100:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5086:
5071:
5062:
5061:
5050:
5044:
5043:
5038:. Archived from
5032:
5026:
5025:
5017:
5011:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4993:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4970:. 15 April 2017.
4964:
4958:
4957:
4939:
4933:
4932:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4815:
4809:
4802:
4796:
4795:
4794:on 4 March 2016.
4793:
4787:. Archived from
4762:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4738:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4722:. Etymonline.com
4716:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4697:on 23 April 2021
4687:
4678:
4671:
4665:
4658:
4652:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4632:
4626:
4625:
4597:
4591:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4543:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4453:
4447:
4442:Hasan M. Kakar,
4440:
4434:
4429:Hasan M. Kakar,
4427:
4421:
4414:
4401:
4394:
4367:
4364:The Great Gamble
4362:Gregory Feifer,
4360:
4345:
4338:
4327:
4322:Artyom Borovik,
4320:
4311:
4310:August 13, 2007.
4301:
4295:
4288:
4279:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4233:(129): 168–211.
4222:
4216:
4215:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4187:. 24 March 2023.
4177:
4171:
4170:
4169:. 30 April 2023.
4159:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4108:
4099:
4098:
4092:
4087:
4085:
4077:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4050:. Archived from
4040:
4034:
4033:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3967:Studia Hibernica
3958:
3952:
3951:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3766:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3745:. 1 October 2013
3735:
3729:
3728:
3720:
3711:
3710:
3700:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3659:
3649:
3625:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3574:Associated Press
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3527:
3521:
3520:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3460:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3438:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3397:
3391:
3382:
3362:
3342:
3305:No call, no show
3146:Montreal Gazette
3078:Second World War
3020:Confederate army
2988:in August 1847.
2893:Legal definition
2868:Second World War
2711:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2691:
2687:balanced fashion
2665:
2664:
2657:
2477:Second World War
2369:(Spanish: FARC)
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2030:
2023:
2016:
1785:Humanitarian aid
1723:Security dilemma
1544:Power projection
1327:Economy of force
1307:Chain of command
1022:Defence in depth
1007:Commerce raiding
830:Defeat in detail
166:Defense ministry
70:
61:
60:
51:
39:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5750:
5749:
5745:Wayback Machine
5731:Sites of Memory
5722:Sites of Memory
5711:Wayback Machine
5700:
5653:Fred Halstead.
5627:David Cortright
5623:
5621:Further reading
5618:
5597:
5583:
5570:
5525:
5504:
5490:
5477:
5470:
5457:
5451:
5438:
5424:10.2307/2580242
5409:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5388:
5384:
5379:
5378:
5368:
5366:
5365:on 28 July 2012
5357:
5356:
5352:
5344:
5337:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5289:
5288:
5284:
5267:
5263:
5250:
5246:
5233:
5229:
5219:
5217:
5216:on 1 March 2022
5204:
5203:
5199:
5189:
5187:
5186:on 1 March 2022
5174:
5173:
5169:
5159:
5157:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5142:
5132:
5130:
5126:
5120:
5109:
5102:
5101:
5094:
5084:
5082:
5073:
5072:
5065:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5005:
5001:
4991:
4989:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4966:
4965:
4961:
4954:
4941:
4940:
4936:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4832:10.2307/2580242
4817:
4816:
4812:
4804:Mark A. Weitz,
4803:
4799:
4791:
4777:10.2307/1888051
4760:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4725:
4723:
4718:
4717:
4710:
4700:
4698:
4689:
4688:
4681:
4672:
4668:
4659:
4655:
4650:
4646:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4614:10.2307/1923685
4599:
4598:
4594:
4589:
4585:
4575:
4573:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4530:
4528:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4465:
4463:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4441:
4437:
4428:
4424:
4415:
4404:
4395:
4370:
4361:
4348:
4339:
4330:
4321:
4314:
4302:
4298:
4289:
4282:
4276:Wayback Machine
4266:
4262:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4212:
4197:
4196:
4192:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4146:
4144:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4120:
4118:
4110:
4109:
4102:
4088:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4057:
4055:
4042:
4041:
4037:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3969:(30): 231–249.
3960:
3959:
3955:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3909:The Irish Story
3903:
3902:
3898:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3873:The Irish Times
3867:
3866:
3862:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3778:
3776:
3768:
3767:
3758:
3748:
3746:
3737:
3736:
3732:
3722:
3721:
3714:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3627:
3626:
3619:
3609:
3607:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3583:
3581:
3580:. 20 April 2011
3568:
3567:
3563:
3555:
3551:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3492:
3482:
3475:
3473:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3414:
3409:
3408:
3401:
3389:
3384:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3365:
3343:
3339:
3334:
3256:
3218:, which states:
3212:
3171:
3155:
3099:
3093:
3080:
3060:
3058:First World War
3036:Sherman's march
3008:
3000:Main articles:
2998:
2953:
2940:
2930:
2915:
2910:
2895:
2890:
2878:
2870:
2855:
2849:
2847:First World War
2840:Napoleonic Wars
2836:
2834:Napoleonic Wars
2822:
2813:
2785:
2768:
2733:Soviet invasion
2729:
2712:
2701:
2695:
2692:
2682:help improve it
2679:
2666:
2662:
2655:
2636:
2617:
2612:
2584:
2572:
2566:
2511:
2501:
2457:
2440:Escapees' Medal
2427:Alsace-Lorraine
2387:
2359:
2311:
2295:First World War
2279:
2274:
2151:
2124:
2120:
2062:(Дезертир), by
2034:
2005:
2004:
1955:
1945:
1944:
1910:
1902:
1901:
1842:
1832:
1831:
1805:Multilateralism
1790:Law enforcement
1750:
1740:
1739:
1708:Just war theory
1666:
1656:
1655:
1606:Geneva Protocol
1576:
1566:
1565:
1539:
1529:
1528:
1470:
1460:
1459:
1367:
1357:
1356:
1297:
1287:
1286:
1252:
1242:
1241:
1172:Network-centric
1092:
1082:
1081:
989:
979:
978:
927:
917:
916:
865:Rapid dominance
770:
760:
759:
715:Electromagnetic
624:
614:
613:
600:
553:
501:
477:
467:
466:
462:Combat training
443:
420:
386:Combat systems:
382:
344:
340:Auxiliary ships
306:
266:
262:Military police
228:
151:
141:
140:
80:
54:
53:
52:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5788:
5786:
5778:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5735:
5726:
5717:
5699:
5698:External links
5696:
5695:
5694:
5687:
5680:
5669:
5660:Kevin Linch. "
5658:
5651:
5644:
5634:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5616:
5595:
5581:
5568:
5538:(4): 167–203.
5523:
5502:
5488:
5475:
5468:
5455:
5450:978-0807827314
5449:
5436:
5407:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5350:
5325:
5311:
5297:
5282:
5261:
5244:
5242:. 6 June 2007.
5227:
5197:
5167:
5140:
5129:on 20 May 2013
5118:
5092:
5063:
5045:
5027:
5012:
4999:
4973:
4959:
4952:
4934:
4915:(4): 349–379.
4899:
4872:
4861:(4): 393–434.
4845:
4826:(2): 321–342.
4810:
4797:
4771:(4): 816–834.
4748:
4733:
4708:
4679:
4673:Douglas Meed,
4666:
4653:
4644:
4641:. p. 193.
4627:
4608:(4): 615–645.
4592:
4583:
4557:
4538:
4527:. 21 June 2001
4512:
4493:(4): 808–828.
4473:
4448:
4435:
4422:
4402:
4368:
4346:
4328:
4324:The Hidden War
4312:
4296:
4280:
4260:
4217:
4210:
4190:
4172:
4154:
4128:
4100:
4091:|journal=
4065:
4035:
4017:
3998:
3995:. 5 July 2011.
3993:Irish Examiner
3980:
3953:
3934:(4): 825–847.
3928:War in History
3914:
3896:
3891:www.kildare.ie
3878:
3860:
3825:(2): 370–401.
3809:
3786:
3770:"Shot at Dawn"
3756:
3730:
3712:
3691:(1): 201–236.
3671:
3640:(4): 167–203.
3617:
3591:
3561:
3549:
3522:
3503:
3494:|journal=
3446:
3424:
3399:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3357:United Nations
3336:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3255:
3252:
3244:Jeremy Hinzman
3211:
3208:
3170:
3167:
3154:
3151:
3092:
3089:
3079:
3076:
3072:Military Medal
3068:Woodrow Wilson
3059:
3056:
2997:
2994:
2952:
2949:
2939:
2936:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2877:
2874:
2869:
2866:
2851:Main article:
2848:
2845:
2835:
2832:
2821:
2820:United Kingdom
2818:
2812:
2809:
2784:
2781:
2767:
2764:
2728:
2725:
2714:
2713:
2669:
2667:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2647:barrier troops
2635:
2632:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2583:
2580:
2565:
2562:
2500:
2497:
2456:
2453:
2408:Levée en masse
2386:
2383:
2358:
2355:
2310:
2307:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2225:to not return;
2150:
2147:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1970:Military terms
1967:
1962:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1728:Tripwire force
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1368:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1250:Administrative
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1177:New generation
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1152:Fleet in being
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1093:
1090:Grand strategy
1088:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:Scorched earth
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
990:
985:
984:
981:
980:
977:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
954:Deep operation
951:
946:
939:
934:
928:
923:
922:
919:
918:
915:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
883:
882:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
801:
800:
795:
790:
780:
771:
766:
765:
762:
761:
758:
757:
755:Unconventional
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
703:
701:Disinformation
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
672:
671:
666:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
625:
620:
619:
616:
615:
612:
611:
606:
599:
598:
597:
596:
595:
594:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
552:
551:
550:
549:
548:
547:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
500:
499:
498:
497:
492:
487:
478:
473:
472:
469:
468:
465:
464:
459:
454:
452:Basic training
449:
442:
441:
436:
431:
426:
419:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
381:
380:
378:Reconnaissance
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
343:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
305:
304:
299:
297:Special forces
294:
289:
288:
287:
277:
272:
265:
264:
259:
254:
252:Reconnaissance
249:
244:
239:
234:
227:
226:
217:
212:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
152:
147:
146:
143:
142:
139:
138:
137:
136:
131:
121:
120:
119:
114:
104:
103:
102:
95:Post-classical
92:
87:
81:
76:
75:
72:
71:
63:
62:
44:
43:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5787:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5746:
5742:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5718:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5692:
5688:
5685:
5681:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5656:
5652:
5649:
5645:
5642:
5638:
5637:Charles Glass
5635:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5613:
5609:
5606:(2): 99–125.
5605:
5601:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5582:9780803247918
5578:
5574:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5491:
5489:9780803279759
5485:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5465:
5461:
5456:
5452:
5446:
5442:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5412:Social Forces
5408:
5393:
5392:
5387:
5386:
5381:
5364:
5360:
5354:
5351:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5326:
5321:
5315:
5312:
5307:
5301:
5298:
5293:
5286:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5265:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5231:
5228:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5201:
5198:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5171:
5168:
5152:
5151:
5144:
5141:
5125:
5121:
5119:9781300302841
5115:
5108:
5107:
5099:
5097:
5093:
5081:
5077:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5059:
5055:
5049:
5046:
5041:
5037:
5031:
5028:
5023:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5003:
5000:
4988:
4984:
4977:
4974:
4969:
4963:
4960:
4955:
4953:0-8758-6452-X
4949:
4945:
4938:
4935:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4903:
4900:
4895:
4891:
4888:(2): 95–110.
4887:
4883:
4876:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4849:
4846:
4841:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4820:Social Forces
4814:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4798:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4759:
4752:
4749:
4744:
4737:
4734:
4721:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4696:
4692:
4686:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4667:
4663:
4657:
4654:
4648:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4631:
4628:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4596:
4593:
4587:
4584:
4572:. 28 May 2006
4571:
4567:
4561:
4558:
4553:
4549:
4542:
4539:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4513:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4477:
4474:
4462:
4458:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4423:
4419:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4264:
4261:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4218:
4213:
4207:
4203:
4202:
4194:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4173:
4168:
4164:
4158:
4155:
4142:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4096:
4083:
4075:
4069:
4066:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4044:"Latest News"
4039:
4036:
4032:. 6 May 2013.
4031:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4012:TheJournal.ie
4009:
4002:
3999:
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3990:
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3981:
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3910:
3906:
3900:
3897:
3892:
3888:
3882:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3864:
3861:
3856:
3852:
3848:
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3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3813:
3810:
3797:
3790:
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3744:
3740:
3734:
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3719:
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3713:
3708:
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3699:
3694:
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3648:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3624:
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3618:
3605:
3601:
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3579:
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3571:
3565:
3562:
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3533:
3526:
3523:
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3514:
3507:
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3499:
3487:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3447:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3425:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3341:
3338:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3285:Draft evasion
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3206:
3201:
3199:
3194:
3192:
3191:court martial
3188:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3138:
3137:Metro Morning
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3107:Intrepid Four
3103:
3098:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3031:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3003:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2987:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2908:
2899:
2892:
2888:United States
2887:
2885:
2883:
2875:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2854:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2819:
2817:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2755:
2752:
2747:
2745:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2710:
2707:
2699:
2696:December 2021
2689:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2675:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2643:Order No. 227
2640:
2639:Order No. 270
2633:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2614:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2604:Criminal Code
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2541:In 2012, the
2539:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2506:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2466:
2461:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2421:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2391:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2335:Heinz Fischer
2333:'s President
2332:
2328:
2327:Ballhausplatz
2324:
2320:
2316:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2283:
2276:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2086:military duty
2083:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2049:Octav Băncilă
2046:
2042:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1857:Warrior caste
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1828:
1827:Show of force
1825:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:Peacebuilding
1813:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1671:Air supremacy
1669:
1668:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1611:Islamic rules
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:Court-martial
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1490:Arms industry
1488:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1463:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1107:Broken-backed
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
988:
983:
982:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
949:Expeditionary
947:
945:
944:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
929:
926:
921:
920:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
881:
878:
877:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
820:Counterattack
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
785:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
774:
769:
764:
763:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:Psychological
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
681:Combined arms
679:
677:
674:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
623:
618:
617:
610:
607:
605:
602:
601:
593:
590:
589:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
559:
558:
555:
554:
546:
543:
542:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
520:Fortification
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
507:
506:
503:
502:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
480:
479:
476:
471:
470:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
444:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
421:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
383:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
345:
341:
338:
336:
335:Landing craft
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
307:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
286:
283:
282:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
267:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
229:
225:
221:
220:Standing army
218:
216:
213:
211:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
153:
150:
145:
144:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
125:
122:
118:
115:
113:
112:pike and shot
110:
109:
108:
105:
101:
98:
97:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
82:
79:
74:
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3326:War resister
3290:Green Cadres
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3110:
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2674:undue weight
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2624:Leon Trotsky
2618:
2610:Soviet Union
2596:mobilization
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2546:Alan Shatter
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2044:
1940:Fifth column
1920:War resister
1915:Women in war
1810:Peacekeeping
1755:Arms control
1700:
1595:
1389:Mobilization
1384:Conscription
1342:Intelligence
1295:Organization
941:
870:Encirclement
750:Radiological
686:Conventional
540:Subterranean
447:Development:
446:
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385:
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310:Naval units:
309:
302:Signal corps
269:
247:Intelligence
232:Specialties:
231:
156:Organization
107:Early modern
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5682:Jack Todd.
5401:13 December
5382:Works cited
5160:13 December
5133:29 December
4987:JSTOR Daily
4726:18 December
4660:Paul Foos,
4531:18 December
3129:Andy Barrie
3121:Vietnam War
3091:Vietnam War
3010:During the
2973:land grants
2955:During the
2944:War of 1812
2938:War of 1812
2838:During the
2600:martial law
2586:During the
2564:New Zealand
2516:Allied side
2475:during the
2435:German army
2429:who during
2401:during the
2343:Chancellery
2293:During the
2287:Cecil Hartt
1925:War studies
1748:Non-warfare
1676:Appeasement
1641:Martial law
1480:War economy
1419:Transgender
1372:Recruitment
1132:Containment
1017:Culminating
925:Operational
845:Envelopment
788:Air assault
669:Air cavalry
629:Air defence
609:Information
510:Cold-region
475:Battlespace
424:Historical:
270:Land units:
196:Space force
191:Coast guard
124:Late modern
85:Prehistoric
5754:Categories
4147:29 October
4048:www.nli.ie
3802:8 February
3610:12 January
3584:12 January
3538:. v. 1.0.
3369:References
3131:, host of
3095:See also:
3016:Union Army
2986:Churubusco
2981:guerrillas
2979:. Mexican
2969:broadsides
2789:mujahideen
2592:State Duma
2568:See also:
2503:See also:
2371:insurgency
2272:By country
2064:Ilya Repin
1985:War crimes
1975:Operations
1882:Foot drill
1852:Battle cry
1765:deterrence
1424:Harassment
1399:Specialism
1222:Technology
1217:Succession
1162:Liberation
1097:Asymmetric
1032:Empty fort
943:Blitzkrieg
912:Withdrawal
875:Investment
654:Camouflage
649:Biological
587:Underwater
562:Amphibious
481:Aerospace
348:Air units:
325:Submarines
134:fourth-gen
129:industrial
117:napoleonic
5760:Desertion
5715:About.com
5564:0162-2889
5513:: 47–65.
5080:USA Today
4929:144536836
4507:147493542
4247:0031-2746
3948:229393194
3855:159889365
3839:0022-0094
3749:7 October
3743:France 24
3707:0120-2456
3666:0162-2889
3496:ignored (
3486:cite book
3471:0364-1287
3280:Defection
3230:In 1998,
3169:Penalties
3141:Jack Todd
2548:issued a
2473:Wehrmacht
2351:all alone
2319:Wehrmacht
2313:In 2011,
2277:Australia
2238:desertion
2211:deserters
2082:Desertion
2060:Deserteur
1872:War novel
1775:Grey-zone
1735:War games
1696:Overmatch
1646:War crime
1596:Desertion
1586:Ceasefire
1581:Armistice
1468:Logistics
1446:Mercenary
1434:Volunteer
1365:Personnel
1337:Engineers
1282:Sociology
1237:World war
1232:Total war
1212:Strategic
1202:Religious
1187:Political
1182:Perpetual
1157:Irregular
1072:Offensive
1047:Defensive
1042:Deception
1002:Attrition
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850:Formation
793:Airbridge
725:Loitering
639:Artillery
292:Artillery
242:Engineers
210:Irregular
181:Air force
5770:Pacifism
5741:Archived
5707:Archived
5591:62344291
5498:38081430
5369:21 March
5058:CBS News
4894:27567243
4701:19 March
4570:BBC News
4525:BBC News
4272:Archived
4030:BBC News
3975:20495095
3847:23249191
3355:(1998),
3254:See also
3159:Pentagon
3153:Iraq War
3135:Radio's
2882:Iraq War
2876:Iraq War
2363:Colombia
2357:Colombia
2075:Armenian
1887:War song
1862:War film
1495:Materiel
1414:Children
1394:Training
1332:Medicine
1317:Doctrine
1272:Training
1207:Resource
1192:Princely
1142:Economic
1127:Conquest
1122:Colonial
1117:Cold war
1102:Blockade
987:Strategy
959:Maneuver
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676:Chemical
530:Mountain
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353:Fighters
320:Warships
275:Infantry
201:Reserves
149:Military
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5432:2580242
5220:5 April
5190:5 April
5085:15 July
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4867:4249872
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4622:1923685
4185:Reuters
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4058:5 April
3779:22 July
3476:10 June
3236:develop
2680:Please
2628:amnesty
2554:amnesty
2527:EPO 362
2499:Ireland
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2309:Austria
2242:treason
2187:liberty
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2098:liberty
2000:Writers
1995:Weapons
1960:Battles
1909:Related
1897:Wargame
1892:Uniform
1840:Culture
1621:Perfidy
1616:Justice
1537:Science
1522:Outpost
1475:History
1455:Warrior
1451:Soldier
1439:foreign
1377:counter
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768:Tactics
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730:Missile
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622:Weapons
582:Surface
363:Command
358:Bombers
315:Frogman
285:Cavalry
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186:Marines
100:castles
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2223:intent
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2051:, 1906
1980:Sieges
1664:Theory
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1262:Policy
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892:Screen
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545:Tunnel
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515:Desert
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4863:JSTOR
4836:JSTOR
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4618:JSTOR
4576:1 May
4503:S2CID
4251:JSTOR
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3851:S2CID
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3332:Notes
3232:UNCHR
2672:lend
2191:leave
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1953:Lists
1409:Women
1347:Ranks
1267:Staff
1197:Proxy
1112:Class
1067:Naval
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887:Swarm
880:Siege
860:Naval
840:Drone
735:Music
710:Robot
706:Drone
691:Cyber
634:Armor
604:Cyber
577:Green
572:Brown
535:Urban
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280:Armor
237:Staff
215:Ranks
5675:".
5664:".
5587:OCLC
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5494:OCLC
5484:ISBN
5464:ISBN
5445:ISBN
5403:2012
5371:2009
5222:2022
5192:2022
5162:2012
5135:2012
5114:ISBN
5087:2009
4994:2023
4948:ISBN
4728:2012
4703:2023
4578:2010
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4206:ISBN
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3835:ISSN
3804:2010
3781:2014
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