982:
58:
413:
42:
1001:
628:
2443:
421:
525:
This theory states that when the game spread to Jewish communities unfamiliar with
Yiddish, the denotations of the Hebrew letters were not understood. As a result, there arose Jewish traditions to explain their assumed meaning. However, in Judaism there are often multiple explanations developed for
954:
Dreidel is now a spoof competitive sport in North
America. Major League Dreidel (MLD), founded in New York City in 2007, hosts dreidel tournaments during the holiday of Hanukkah. In MLD tournaments the player with the longest time of spin (TOS) is the winner. MLD is played on a Spinagogue, the
1008:
Antique dreidels are of increasing value and interest: different styles of dreidels are to be found across the world. Exemplars include dreidels fashioned in wood, silver, brass and lead. One particularly rare dreidel is cast from an ivory original by
423:
424:
856:) is facing up, the player adds one of their game pieces to the pot (sometimes accompanied by the chant "shin, shin, put one in"). In some game versions, the player adds three game pieces to the pot, one for each stem of the letter
913:(all). Similarly, the Hebrew letters on a dreidel may be taken as a mnemonic for the game rules in Yiddish. Occasionally, in the United States, the Hebrew letters on the dreidel form an English-language mnemonic about the rules:
964:
published a story on
Dreidel Renaissance reporting on the rising popularity of the dreidel. Dreidel games that have come out on the market since 2007 include No Limit Texas Dreidel, a cross between traditional dreidel and
425:
763:
Some rabbis ascribe symbolic significance to the markings on the dreidel. One commentary, for example, connects the four letters with the four nations to which the House of Judah was historically subject—
1036:
The
Guinness World Record for Most Valuable Dreidel was achieved by Estate Diamond Jewelry in November 2019 and was valued at $ 70,000. The design of Estate Diamond Jewelry's dreidel was inspired by the
955:
official spinning stadium of Major League
Dreidel. Pamskee was the 2007 MLD Champion. Virtual Dreidel was the 2008 MLD Champion. In 2009, Major League Dreidel launched a game version of the Spinagogue.
946:
Robert
Feinerman has shown that the game of dreidel is unfair, in that the first player to spin has a better expected outcome than the second player, and the second better than the third, and so on.
1888:
805:
To start the game, every participant puts one game piece into the center "pot". Every player also puts one piece into the pot when the pot is empty or there is only one game piece in the pot.
2286:
841:) is facing up, the player gets half of the pieces in the pot. If there are an odd number of pieces in the pot, the player takes half the pot rounded up to the nearest whole number. If
808:
Each player spins the dreidel once during their turn. Depending on which side is facing up when it stops spinning, the player whose turn it is gives or takes game pieces from the pot:
1627:
990:
1783:
1485:
422:
374:, "a great miracle happened here and there" or "a great miracle happened everywhere"). Twenty-sided dreidels are unique as they are not spinning tops but twenty-sided
1196:
981:
2056:
1998:
1158:
446:
The teetotum was inscribed with letters denoting the Latin words for "nothing", "everything", "half", and "put in". In German this came to be called a
1884:
1258:
1342:
57:
1316:
1236:
2024:
1753:
1732:
1386:
454:, with German letters for the same concepts. Adapted to the Hebrew alphabet when Jews adopted the game, these letters were replaced by
2358:
2111:
1619:
1603:
1140:
994:
106:
2069:
1779:
536:, "a great miracle happened there"), an idea that became attached to dreidels when the game entered into Hanukkah festivities.
989:
Childhood enjoyment of dreidels has led to a growing interest in collecting them in adulthood. Jewish institutions such as the
1481:
2577:
1193:
997:
in New York, house dreidel collections, as do museums such as the
Spinning Top and Yo-Yo Museum in Burlington, Wisconsin.
1557:
1511:
2637:
2592:
2137:
1980:
943:, where n is the number of game pieces each player begins with. The implied constant depends on the number of players.
2510:
316:
2572:
2387:
1916:
1593:
1280:
2051:
797:
Each player begins with an equal number of game pieces (usually 10–15). The game pieces can be any object, such as
2657:
1458:
53:, with Israel specific lettering on blue dreidels (נ ג ה פ) and diaspora lettering on orange dreidels (נ ג ה ש)
2597:
2338:
1041:
in New York. Previous holders of the title were Chabad of South Palm Beach with a dreidel valued at $ 14,000.
2251:
1213:
2632:
2265:
1051:
539:
According to a tradition first documented in 1890, the game was developed by Jews who illegally studied the
124:
2652:
2642:
2556:
2349:
2104:
148:
2647:
2305:
1863:
1334:
1067:
595:; from the Semetic root s-b-b, meaning 'to rotate') in modern Israel and the letters were altered, with
364:
and not in Israel. As a result, five-sided dreidels were invented in 2022 to represent the Hebrew phase
1837:
1808:
1362:
1232:
937:
Thomas
Robinson and Sujith Vijay have shown that the expected number of spins in a game of dreidel is
2662:
2423:
2258:
2244:
1423:
1308:
960:
695:
46:
1757:
783:
reading yields the number 358, identical to the value of the four letters used to spell "Moshiach" (
2505:
2473:
601:
361:
331:
2587:
2499:
2365:
2331:
2324:
2299:
1724:
1706:
1671:
785:
691:
401:
681:
412:
2483:
2279:
2097:
1599:
1254:
1038:
966:
723:
the local historian A. V. Altyntsev utilised several other appellations of a dreidel, such as
50:
1397:
869:
If the player is out of pieces, they are either "out" or may ask another player for a "loan".
2582:
2451:
2292:
2152:
2083:
1698:
1661:
115:
80:
1176:
845:
is facing up and only one piece is in the pot, the player can either take the piece or not.
443:, which was popular around Christmas time and dates back to ancient Greek and Roman times.
2607:
2602:
2551:
2541:
2468:
2193:
2073:
1200:
1014:
772:
588:
544:
139:
1144:
2066:
1536:
1214:"Practicing Judaism in space - Jewish astronauts reflect upon their time in outer space"
2546:
2418:
2403:
2228:
2167:
1057:
939:
798:
712:
687:
357:
302:
163:
973:
company called ModernTribe. Other new dreidel games include
Staccabees and Maccabees.
433:
The dreidel developed from an Irish or
English top introduced into Germany known as a
2626:
2442:
2413:
2315:
2237:
2203:
2162:
1675:
1116:
1062:
576:
508:
233:
179:
2536:
1702:
1000:
776:
676:
548:
456:
194:
159:
1159:"Treasure Trove: David Matlow explains the significance of a rare 5-sided dreidel"
404:
spun a dreidel made by Israeli silversmith Gideon Hay for an hour in outer space.
41:
1962:
2428:
2272:
1531:
Altyntsev A. V., "The Concept of Love in Ashkenazim of Udmurtia and Tatarstan",
1029:; they are black in colour decorated with silver markings, made by an intricate
1010:
552:
492:
220:
522:, "put in"). The letters served as a means to recalling the rules of the game.
2531:
2526:
2218:
2213:
1666:
1649:
1553:
1507:
1913:"Oh Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel: A favorite holiday pastime takes center table"
708: – "to spin"), in his poems, but it was not adopted into spoken Hebrew.
2478:
2183:
1087:
1030:
1018:
764:
720:
35:
1912:
1885:"Battle of the Bees: Two games put a new spin on traditional dreidel game"
1276:
526:
words. A popular conjecture had it that the letters abbreviated the words
2382:
2120:
2062:
Computer program that plays the dreidel game (with full Java source code)
1363:"Our Favorite Hanukkah Toy Was Actually a Non-Jewish Irish Gambling Game"
1233:"Our Favorite Hanukkah Toy Was Actually a Non-Jewish Irish Gambling Game"
878:
874:
780:
716:
437:
397:), spinning the dreidel is a traditional game played during the holiday.
242:
171:
167:
627:
2188:
1710:
1578:
1092:
970:
636:
572:
461:
382:
238:
31:
17:
2408:
2061:
1454:
1022:
768:
664:
394:
349:
175:
2089:
2208:
2198:
1537:"Чувство любви в понимании евреев-ашкенази Удмуртии и Татарстана".
999:
980:
626:
555:
would be concealed and be replaced by dreidels. The variant names
540:
476:
419:
411:
207:
56:
40:
1999:"New York City jewelers create the world's most valuable dreidel"
873:
These rules are comparable to the rules for a classic four-sided
1026:
375:
185:
Each side of the dreidel bears a letter of the Hebrew alphabet:
2093:
1937:
1804:
319:. For this reason, most dreidels in Israel replace the letter
98:
1859:
1829:
985:
The world's most valuable dreidel, valued at $ 70,000 in 2019
241:
as a mnemonic for the rules of a gambling game derived from
92:
2078:
2025:"Chabad Lubavitch Brooklyn New York NY World Headquarters"
2287:
Erran Baron Cohen Presents: Songs in the Key of Hanukkah
543:
in seclusion as they hid, sometimes in caves, from the
360:
as well, because the reference to "there" means in the
830:) is facing up, the player gets everything in the pot.
315:, "a great miracle happened there"), referring to the
1830:"Judaica & Jewish Gifts for Modern Jewish Living"
129:
107:
1689:
Feinerman, Robert (1976). "An ancient unfair game".
991:
Spertus Institute for Jewish Learning and Leadership
551:. At the first sign of Seleucids approaching, their
153:
95:
89:
86:
2565:
2519:
2492:
2461:
2450:
2396:
2375:
2348:
2314:
2227:
2176:
2145:
2136:
83:
1725:"No Gelt, No Glory: A Dreidel Champion Is Crowned"
579:. In the wake of Zionism, the dreidel was renamed
1539:Наука Удмуртии. 2013. №4. С. 130: Комментарии.)
416:Ancient Middle Eastern top resembling a dreidel
1361:Common, Adiel lo/Wikimedia (9 December 2015).
2105:
649:
641:
565:
557:
513:
497:
481:
465:
292:
278:
264:
250:
8:
2086:(part of world's largest collection of dice)
1595:The complete idiot's guide to holiday crafts
669:
657:
606:
581:
527:
448:
387:
365:
335:
306:
1907:
1905:
907:
899:
891:
883:
435:
2458:
2142:
2112:
2098:
2090:
1535:. 2013. № 4 (66), p. 130. (Алтынцев А.В.,
1277:"The Weird Ancient History of the Dreidel"
1194:Brooklyn Man Wins Dreidel Spinning Contest
1665:
1356:
1354:
1352:
877:, where the letters A, D, N and T form a
393:are lighting candles and saying the full
170:. The dreidel is a Jewish variant on the
1648:Robinson, Thomas; Vijay, Sujith (2006).
1422:הירשוביץ, אברהם אליעזר בן איזיק (1918).
1328:
1326:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1270:
1268:
1021:in 1929. Rare collectible dreidels from
819:) is facing up, the player does nothing.
27:Four-sided spinning top used on Hanukkah
1335:"The Chanukah Dreidel and its Halachos"
1108:
1079:
2023:Lubavitch, Chabad (18 November 2015).
1333:Pfeffer, Rabbi Yehoshua (2015-12-07).
1309:"The Surprising Origin of the Dreidel"
1248:
1246:
571:(a little throw) were also current in
1488:from the original on 27 November 2015
1283:from the original on 19 December 2017
385:) for Hanukkah (the only traditional
7:
1396:. Yeshiva University. Archived from
1141:"The Dreidel: More Than Just a Game"
1054:" (A song sung when playing dreidel)
237:). These letters are represented in
1461:from the original on 7 January 2016
663:, meaning the same in German). The
607:
592:
528:
514:
498:
482:
466:
366:
336:
307:
305:, they represent the Hebrew phrase
301:, "put in"). However, according to
293:
279:
265:
251:
143:
119:
2359:The One with the Holiday Armadillo
25:
1915:. Forward.com. 17 November 2010.
1840:from the original on 7 April 2018
1778:Milberger, Michael (2009-12-12).
1756:. Moderntribe.com. Archived from
1691:The American Mathematical Monthly
1508:"Ben Yehuda organization: Bialik"
2441:
1345:from the original on 2017-12-22.
1319:from the original on 2017-12-13.
1261:from the original on 2017-12-22.
1239:from the original on 2017-12-15.
993:, Yeshiva University Museum and
755:, "entertaining piece", "toy").
686:("to turn") and was invented by
79:
1919:from the original on 2011-06-06
1891:from the original on 2012-09-27
1866:from the original on 2011-12-19
1811:from the original on 2011-12-08
1786:from the original on 2012-01-25
1735:from the original on 2012-01-06
1654:Advances in Applied Mathematics
1630:from the original on 2011-12-09
1560:from the original on 2008-05-16
1514:from the original on 2011-07-20
1703:10.1080/00029890.1976.11994192
1255:"Chanukah Customs and sources"
694:) when he was five years old.
1:
474:, "not", meaning "nothing"),
259:, "not", meaning "nothing"),
615:, "a great miracle happened
344:, "a great miracle happened
2511:Miracle of the cruse of oil
1887:. Jweekly.com. 2009-12-03.
881:for the rules of the game,
670:
650:
642:
582:
566:
558:
388:
367:נֵס גָּדוֹל הָיָה שָׁם פֹּה
334:), to represent the phrase
317:miracle of the cruse of oil
154:
130:
2679:
1780:"Dreidel Games Generation"
1650:"Dreidel Lasts O(n) spins"
925:or "N" for "nothing"; and
605:. This yields the reading
174:, a gambling toy found in
29:
2439:
2057:The Origin of the Dreidel
1667:10.1016/j.aam.2005.05.004
1441:הלכות חנוכה - נטעי גבריאל
861:
849:
834:
823:
812:
801:, pennies, raisins, etc.
325:
226:
213:
200:
187:
1805:"No Limit Texas Dreidel"
1163:The Canadian Jewish News
372:nes gadól hayáh sham poh
352:communities insist that
2266:I Have a Little Dreidel
2261:(Eat Fattened Animals)"
2252:Odecha Ki Tovot Gamalta
1592:LeBon, Marilee (2001).
1554:"Secret of the Dreidel"
1121:www.merriam-webster.com
1117:"Definition of DREIDEL"
1052:I Have a Little Dreidel
698:used a different word,
655:("to turn", compare to
245:played with a dreidel:
2557:Antiochus IV Epiphanes
2388:Latke–Hamantash Debate
2003:Guinness World Records
1005:
1004:Antique enamel dreidel
986:
921:or "G" for "get all";
908:
900:
892:
884:
658:
632:
608:נֵס גָּדוֹל הָיָה פֹּה
599:generally replaced by
529:נֵס גָּדוֹל הָיָה שָׁם
449:
436:
430:
417:
381:While not mandated (a
337:נֵס גָּדוֹל הָיָה פֹּה
308:נֵס גָּדוֹל הָיָה שָׁם
62:
54:
2306:The Hanukkah Sessions
1598:. Alpha. p. 73.
1579:"How to Play Dreidel"
1199:May 23, 2013, at the
1068:Jewish ceremonial art
1003:
984:
630:
460:which stands for the
428:
415:
61:A variety of dreidels
60:
45:Dreidels for sale at
44:
2084:A Dreidel collection
1938:"The Dreidel Museum"
1807:. Texasdreidel.com.
1482:"What is a Dreidel?"
1480:Benjaminson, Chani.
1403:on December 20, 2017
961:Good Morning America
933:Analysis of the game
929:or "S" for "share".
696:Hayyim Nahman Bialik
647:comes from the word
490:, "entire, whole"),
313:nes gadól hayáh sham
273:, "entire, whole"),
249:stands for the word
162:, played during the
47:Mahane Yehuda Market
2638:Hanukkah traditions
2593:Campaigns of 163 BC
2506:The War of the Jews
2493:Historical accounts
2474:Temple in Jerusalem
2254:(I will Thank You)"
1967:adelaidejmuseum.org
1963:"Adelaide Dreidels"
1425:אוצר כל מנהגי ישרון
967:Texas Hold'em poker
917:or "H" for "half";
534:nes gadól hayá sham
362:Temple in Jerusalem
342:nes gadól hayáh poh
2500:Books of Maccabees
2366:A Rugrats Chanukah
2332:Full-Court Miracle
2325:Eight Crazy Nights
2300:Puppy for Hanukkah
2079:Types of Dreidels
2072:2016-03-04 at the
1782:. Abcnews.go.com.
1624:my Jewish Learning
1313:my Jewish Learning
1091:is also a term in
1006:
987:
711:In the lexicon of
692:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
633:
431:
418:
402:Jeffrey A. Hoffman
348:"); however, many
158:) is a four-sided
63:
55:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2484:Hasmonean Kingdom
2437:
2436:
2424:Mensch on a Bench
2339:The Hebrew Hammer
2280:The Chanukah Song
2158:Dreidel (Sevivon)
1942:dreidelmuseum.com
1510:. Benyehuda.org.
1307:Golinkin, David.
1275:Rosenberg, Anat.
1253:Rabinowitz, Dan.
1039:Chrysler Building
793:Rules of the game
613:nes gadól hayá po
426:
323:with the letter
152:
128:
51:Jerusalem, Israel
16:(Redirected from
2670:
2658:Traditional toys
2459:
2445:
2293:Light One Candle
2153:Hanukkah menorah
2143:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2091:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1909:
1900:
1899:
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1896:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1826:
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1819:
1817:
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1801:
1795:
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1792:
1791:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1669:
1645:
1639:
1638:
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1635:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1589:
1583:
1582:
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1569:
1568:
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1565:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
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1504:
1498:
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1477:
1471:
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1468:
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1451:
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1436:
1430:
1429:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
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1402:
1391:
1383:
1377:
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1374:
1373:
1358:
1347:
1346:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1304:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1231:Kutzik, Jordan.
1228:
1222:
1221:
1209:
1203:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1177:"Diced dreidels"
1173:
1167:
1166:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1143:. Archived from
1137:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1113:
1096:
1084:
969:, invented by a
911:
903:
895:
887:
863:
851:
836:
825:
814:
707:
706:
685:
684:
673:
661:
653:
645:
610:
609:
594:
585:
569:
561:
531:
530:
517:
516:
501:
500:
485:
484:
469:
468:
452:
441:
429:Dreidel in space
427:
391:
369:
368:
339:
338:
329:
327:
310:
309:
296:
295:
282:
281:
268:
267:
254:
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230:
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217:
215:
204:
202:
191:
189:
157:
147:
145:
133:
123:
121:
110:
105:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
30:For elements of
21:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2612:
2561:
2515:
2488:
2469:Seleucid Empire
2453:
2446:
2433:
2392:
2371:
2344:
2310:
2259:Ichlu Mashmanim
2247:(These lights)"
2245:Haneirot Halalu
2240:(Rock of Ages)"
2223:
2194:Fritas de prasa
2172:
2132:
2130:
2118:
2074:Wayback Machine
2067:Dreidel Design
2048:
2043:
2042:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2008:
2006:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1981:"Murro Dreidel"
1979:
1978:
1974:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1922:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1894:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1869:
1867:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1789:
1787:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1763:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1738:
1736:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1631:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1563:
1561:
1552:Yaakov, Rabbi.
1551:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1489:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1464:
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1400:
1389:
1387:"Dreidel Drama"
1385:
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1201:Wayback Machine
1192:
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1181:Jewish Standard
1175:
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1125:
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1076:
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1033:style process.
1015:Bezalel Academy
995:Temple Emanu-El
979:
952:
935:
905:(nothing), and
795:
773:Seleucid Empire
761:
733:khanuke-volchok
704:
703:
702:(from the root
680:
679:
675:comes from the
625:
506:, "half"), and
420:
410:
356:be used in the
324:
287:, "half"), and
225:
212:
199:
186:
108:
82:
78:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2633:Gambling games
2625:
2624:
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2611:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2598:Beth Zechariah
2595:
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2580:
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2573:Ma'aleh Levona
2569:
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2419:Hanukkah Harry
2416:
2411:
2406:
2404:Thanksgivukkah
2400:
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2168:Public menorah
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2102:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2076:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2052:Dreidel Wizard
2047:
2046:External links
2044:
2041:
2040:
2015:
1990:
1972:
1954:
1929:
1901:
1876:
1862:. Staccabees.
1851:
1821:
1796:
1770:
1745:
1716:
1697:(8): 623–625.
1681:
1640:
1611:
1604:
1584:
1570:
1556:. Ohr.org.il.
1544:
1533:Nauka Udmurtii
1524:
1499:
1472:
1446:
1443:. p. 306.
1439:צינר, גבריאל.
1431:
1414:
1378:
1348:
1322:
1294:
1264:
1242:
1223:
1204:
1186:
1168:
1150:
1147:on 2021-01-24.
1132:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1058:Hanukkah music
1055:
1046:
1043:
1025:are made from
978:
975:
951:
948:
934:
931:
871:
870:
867:
866:
865:
846:
831:
820:
806:
799:chocolate gelt
794:
791:
760:
757:
713:Ashkenazi Jews
688:Itamar Ben-Avi
631:Wooden dreidel
624:
621:
563:(destiny) and
409:
406:
358:Land of Israel
303:folk etymology
164:Jewish holiday
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2675:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Spinning tops
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:Israeli games
2641:
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2414:Hanukkah bush
2412:
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2351:
2350:In television
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2204:Noodle latkes
2202:
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2030:
2029:lubavitch.com
2026:
2019:
2016:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
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1822:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1771:
1760:on 2010-03-01
1759:
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1621:
1620:"How to Play"
1615:
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1607:
1605:9780028642000
1601:
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1428:. p. 57.
1427:
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1388:
1382:
1379:
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1339:dinonline.org
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1219:
1215:
1212:Dave Gordon.
1208:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1183:. 2019-12-12.
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1165:. 2023-12-10.
1164:
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1109:
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1063:Hanukkah gelt
1061:
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598:
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586:
584:
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577:the Holocaust
574:
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553:Torah scrolls
550:
546:
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180:Latin America
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117:
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103:
76:
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68:
59:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
2648:Jewish games
2337:
2330:
2323:
2157:
2032:. Retrieved
2028:
2018:
2007:. Retrieved
2005:. 2019-12-19
2002:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1966:
1957:
1945:. Retrieved
1941:
1932:
1921:. Retrieved
1893:. Retrieved
1879:
1868:. Retrieved
1860:"Staccabees"
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1833:
1824:
1813:. Retrieved
1799:
1788:. Retrieved
1773:
1762:. Retrieved
1758:the original
1754:"Spinagogue"
1748:
1737:. Retrieved
1728:
1719:
1694:
1690:
1684:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1632:. Retrieved
1623:
1614:
1594:
1587:
1573:
1562:. Retrieved
1547:
1541:(in Russian)
1532:
1527:
1516:. Retrieved
1502:
1490:. Retrieved
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1434:
1424:
1417:
1407:December 19,
1405:. Retrieved
1398:the original
1393:
1381:
1370:. Retrieved
1366:
1338:
1312:
1285:. Retrieved
1226:
1217:
1207:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1145:the original
1135:
1124:. Retrieved
1120:
1111:
1086:
1082:
1035:
1007:
988:
959:
957:
953:
945:
938:
936:
926:
922:
918:
914:
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838:
827:
816:
796:
784:
762:
752:
748:
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740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
710:
699:
690:(the son of
677:Semitic root
668:
656:
648:
640:
634:
616:
612:
600:
596:
580:
564:
556:
549:Antiochus IV
538:
533:
524:
519:
515:שטעלן אַרײַן
507:
503:
491:
487:
475:
471:
455:
447:
445:
434:
432:
399:
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298:
288:
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274:
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256:
246:
232:
219:
206:
193:
184:
160:spinning top
135:
74:
70:
66:
64:
2663:Wooden toys
2429:Chrismukkah
2273:Oh Chanukah
1834:ModernTribe
1492:27 November
1465:27 November
1455:"Chanukkah"
1394:yutorah.org
1367:The Forward
1287:19 December
1011:Moshe Murro
977:Collections
950:Tournaments
520:shtel arayn
299:shtel arayn
294:שטעל אַרַײן
34:music, see
2627:Categories
2578:Beth Horon
2527:Mattathias
2452:Maccabean
2376:Activities
2238:Ma'oz Tzur
2214:Sufganiyah
2138:Traditions
2034:2020-01-20
2009:2020-01-20
1985:Worthpoint
1947:2 November
1923:2011-12-23
1895:2011-12-23
1870:2011-12-23
1815:2011-12-23
1790:2011-12-23
1764:2011-12-23
1739:2011-12-23
1634:2011-12-23
1564:2011-12-23
1518:2011-12-23
1372:2021-11-27
1126:2021-11-27
1103:References
751:(Russian:
731:, "top"),
727:(Russian:
400:Astronaut
134:, plural:
2502:(1 and 2)
2479:Maccabees
2184:Biscochos
1676:119157765
1660:: 85–94.
1218:Community
1088:Dreydlekh
1031:Bidriware
1019:Jerusalem
1013:from the
958:In 2009,
864:).
852: (
837: (
826: (
815: (
765:Babylonia
759:Symbolism
721:Tatarstan
623:Etymology
545:Seleucids
378:instead.
149:romanized
136:dreydlech
125:romanized
36:Dreydlekh
2588:Beth Zur
2552:Jonathan
2383:Festigal
2219:Buñuelos
2127:חֲנֻכָּה
2124:Hanukkah
2070:Archived
1917:Archived
1889:Archived
1864:Archived
1844:27 April
1838:Archived
1809:Archived
1784:Archived
1733:Archived
1628:Archived
1558:Archived
1512:Archived
1486:Archived
1459:Archived
1343:Archived
1317:Archived
1281:Archived
1259:Archived
1237:Archived
1197:Archived
1045:See also
889:(take),
879:mnemonic
875:teetotum
781:gematria
717:Udmurtia
575:, until
438:teetotum
243:teetotum
172:teetotum
168:Hanukkah
2566:Battles
2547:Eleazar
2189:Syrniki
2146:Symbols
1729:NPR.org
1711:2319887
1093:klezmer
971:Judaica
897:(put),
786:Messiah
753:забавка
749:zabavke
725:volchok
671:sevivon
637:Yiddish
583:sevivon
573:Yiddish
462:Yiddish
450:trendel
408:Origins
389:mitzvot
383:mitzvah
328:
239:Yiddish
229:
216:
203:
190:
155:sevivon
151::
127::
116:Yiddish
71:dreidle
69:, also
67:dreidel
32:Klezmer
18:Draydel
2583:Emmaus
2520:People
2462:Events
2454:Revolt
2409:Hallel
1709:
1674:
1602:
1095:music.
1023:Cochin
893:depone
771:, the
769:Persia
729:волчок
700:kirkar
665:Hebrew
659:drehen
651:dreyen
643:dreydl
593:סביבון
589:Hebrew
547:under
395:hallel
350:Haredi
176:Europe
144:סביבון
140:Hebrew
131:dreydl
75:dreidl
2608:Elasa
2603:Adasa
2542:Judas
2537:Simon
2397:Other
2316:Films
2229:Music
2209:Sfenj
2199:Latke
2177:Foods
1707:JSTOR
1672:S2CID
1401:(PDF)
1390:(PDF)
1074:Notes
919:gimel
909:totum
901:nihil
885:aufer
828:gimel
745:dzihe
741:varfl
737:fargl
715:from
667:word
639:word
567:varfl
559:goyrl
541:Torah
499:האַלב
488:gants
483:גאַנץ
477:gimel
472:nisht
464:word
280:האַלב
271:gantz
266:גאַנץ
261:gimel
257:nisht
208:gimel
120:דרײדל
2532:John
2163:Gelt
1949:2020
1846:2018
1600:ISBN
1494:2015
1467:2015
1409:2017
1289:2017
1027:iron
940:O(n)
927:shin
858:shin
854:shin
779:. A
777:Rome
775:and
747:and
719:and
705:KRKR
635:The
619:").
617:here
597:shin
512:for
509:shin
504:halb
496:for
480:for
467:נישט
376:dice
354:shin
346:here
321:shin
291:for
289:shin
285:halb
277:for
263:for
252:נישט
234:shin
178:and
111:-dəl
109:DRAY
1699:doi
1662:doi
1017:in
923:nun
915:hei
848:If
843:hei
839:hei
833:If
822:If
817:nun
811:If
789:).
682:SBB
493:hei
457:nun
275:hei
247:nun
224:),
221:hei
211:),
198:),
195:nun
166:of
77:, (
73:or
49:in
2629::
2027:.
2001:.
1983:.
1965:.
1940:.
1904:^
1836:.
1832:.
1731:.
1727:.
1705:.
1695:83
1693:.
1670:.
1658:36
1656:.
1652:.
1626:.
1622:.
1484:.
1457:.
1392:.
1365:.
1351:^
1341:.
1337:.
1325:^
1315:.
1311:.
1297:^
1279:.
1267:^
1257:.
1245:^
1235:.
1216:.
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