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1094:, too. There are a few different types of dredge hoses that differ in terms of working pressure, float-ability, armored or not etc. Suction hoses, discharge armored hoses and self-floating hoses are some of the popular types engineered for transporting and discharging dredge materials. Some even had the pipes or hoses customised to exact dredging needs etc. Other times, it is pumped into
56:
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two-halves of their hulls on large hydraulic hinges. Either way, as the vessel dredges, excess water in the dredged materials is spilled off as the heavier solids settle to the bottom of the hopper. This excess water is returned to the sea to reduce weight and increase the amount of solid material (or slurry) that can be carried in one load. When the hopper is filled with
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525:
375:: dredging sand and gravels from offshore licensed areas for use in construction industry, principally for use in concrete. This very specialist industry is focused in NW Europe, it uses specialized trailing suction hopper dredgers self discharging the dry cargo ashore. Land based old river beddings can be processed in this manner too.
262:, or to deepen existing facilities in order to allow larger ships access. Because capital works usually involve hard material or high-volume works, the work is usually done using a cutter suction dredge or large trailing suction hopper dredge; but for rock works, drilling and blasting along with mechanical excavation may be used.
810:-mounted excavators. Small backhoe dredgers can be track-mounted and work from the bank of ditches. A backhoe dredger is equipped with a half-open shell. The shell is filled moving towards the machine. Usually dredged material is loaded in barges. This machine is mainly used in harbours and other shallow water.
731:
417:: this is mining sand offshore and placing on a beach to replace sand eroded by storms or wave action. This enhances the recreational and protective function of the beach, which are also eroded by human activity. This is typically performed by a cutter-suction dredge or trailing suction hopper dredge.
818:
The excavator dredge attachment uses the characteristics of cutter-suction dredgers, consisting of cutter heads and a suction pump for transferring material. These hydraulic attachments mount onto the boom arm of an excavator allowing an operator to maneuver the attachment along the shoreline and in
1089:
Some hopper dredges are designed so they can also be emptied from above using pumps if dump sites are unavailable or if the dredge material is contaminated. Sometimes the slurry of dredgings and water is pumped straight into pipes which deposit it on nearby land. These pipes are also commonly known
613:
A cutter-suction dredger's (CSD) suction tube has a cutting mechanism at the suction inlet. The cutting mechanism loosens the bed material and transports it to the suction mouth. The dredged material is usually sucked up by a wear-resistant centrifugal pump and discharged either through a pipe line
1128:
The proper management of contaminated sediments is a modern-day issue of significant concern. Because of a variety of maintenance activities, thousands of tonnes of contaminated sediment are dredged worldwide from commercial ports and other aquatic areas at high level of industrialization. Dredged
1622:
863:
This is an early type of dredger which was formerly used in shallow water in the
Netherlands. It was a flat-bottomed boat with spikes sticking out of its bottom. As tide current pulled the boat, the spikes scraped seabed material loose, and the tide current washed the material away, hopefully to
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In a "hopper dredger", the dredged materials end up in a large onboard hold called a "hopper." A suction hopper dredger is usually used for maintenance dredging. A hopper dredge usually has doors in its bottom to empty the dredged materials, but some dredges empty their hoppers by splitting the
614:
or to a barge. Cutter-suction dredgers are most often used in geological areas consisting of hard surface materials (for example gravel deposits or surface bedrock) where a standard suction dredger would be ineffective. They can, if sufficiently powerful, be used instead of underwater blasting.
574:, loads the dredge spoil into one or more hoppers in the vessel. When the hoppers are full, the TSHD sails to a disposal area and either dumps the material through doors in the hull or pumps the material out of the hoppers. Some dredges also self-offload using drag buckets and conveyors.
2333:"Concept of a mathematical model for prediction of major design parameters of a submersible dredger/miner" by Sritama Sarkar, Neil Bose, Mridul Sarkar, and Dan Walker, in "3rd Indian National Conference on Harbour and Ocean Engineering, National Institute of Oceanography", Dona Paula,
881:, which flows away down slope, is moved by a second burst of water from the WID or is carried away in natural currents. Water injection results in a lot of sediment in the water which makes measurement with most hydrographic equipment (for instance: singlebeam echosounders) difficult.
343:, oysters are raised and harvested. A heavy rectangular metal scoop is towed astern of a moving boat with a chain bridle attached to a cable. This drags along the bottom scooping up oysters. It is periodically winched aboard and the catch is sorted and bagged for shipment.
1124:
Similarly, many groups (most notable in east Asia) are performing research towards utilizing dewatered sediments for the production of concretes and construction block, although the high organic content (in many cases) of this material is a hindrance toward such ends.
185:, dredging phases are recorded from the third century BC onwards, the most extensive during the first century AD. The remains of three dredging boats have been unearthed; they were abandoned at the bottom of the harbour during the first and second centuries AD.
447:: often done in combination with maintenance dredging, this process removes non-natural matter from the bottoms of rivers and canals and harbours. Law enforcement agencies sometimes need to use a 'drag' to recover evidence or corpses from beneath the water.
1427:
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A number of vessels, notably in the UK and NW Europe de-water the hopper to dry the cargo to enable it to be discharged onto a quayside 'dry'. This is achieved principally using self discharge bucket wheel, drag scraper or excavator via conveyor systems.
1109:
When contaminated (toxic) sediments are to be removed, or large volume inland disposal sites are unavailable, dredge slurries are reduced to dry solids via a process known as dewatering. Current dewatering techniques employ either centrifuges,
2616:
Bridges, T S., Gustavson, K. E., Schroeder, P., Ells, S. J., & Hayes, D. (2010). Dredging processes and remedy effectiveness: Relationship to the 4 Rs of environmental dredging. Integrated
Environmental Assessment and Management, 6 (4),
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Some of these are land-type backhoe excavators whose wheels are on long hinged legs so it can drive into shallow water and keep its cab out of water. Some of these may not have a floatable hull and, if so, cannot work in deep water.
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The extract can be disposed of locally or transported by barge or in a liquid suspension in pipelines. Disposal can be to infill sites, or the material can be used constructively to replenish eroded sand that has been lost to
270:: dredging to mine sand, clay or rock from the seabed and using it to construct new land elsewhere. This is typically performed by a cutter-suction dredge or trailing suction hopper dredge. The material may also be used for
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These dredgers use a chamber with inlets, out of which the water is pumped with the inlets closed. It is usually suspended from a crane on land or from a small pontoon or barge. Its effectiveness depends on depth pressure.
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sand and mud, possibly making them too shallow for navigation. This is often carried out with a trailing suction hopper dredge. Most dredging is for this purpose, and it may also be done to maintain the holding capacity of
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A water injection dredger uses a small jet to inject water under low pressure (to prevent the sediment from exploding into the surrounding waters) into the seabed to bring the sediment in suspension, which then becomes a
1025:, a 140-metre (460 ft) long dredger constructed in China, with a capacity of 6,000 cubic metres per hour (59,000 cu ft/ks). An even larger dredger, retired in 1980, was the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
1318:
The nature of dredging operations and possible environmental impacts cause the industry to be closely regulated and require comprehensive regional environmental impact assessments with continuous monitoring. The U.S.
180:
were channelled and wharfs built at the time of the pyramids (4000 BC), there was extensive harbour building in the eastern
Mediterranean from 1000 BC and the disturbed sediment layers gives evidence of dredging. At
736:
90:, and other controls for streams and shorelines; and recovering valuable mineral deposits or marine life having commercial value. In all but a few situations the excavation is undertaken by a specialist floating
922:
Some of these are any of the above types of dredger, which can operate normally, or by extending legs, also known as spuds, so it stands on the seabed with its hull out of the water. Some forms can go on land.
148:
and transporting it elsewhere. Dredging can be done to recover materials of commercial value; these may be high value minerals or sediments such as sand and gravel that are used by the construction industry.
459:. However, as artificially elevated phosphorus levels in the sediment aggravate the eutrophication process, controlled sediment removal is occasionally the only option for the reclamation of still waters.
6206:
806:. The six largest backhoe dredgers in the world are currently the Vitruvius, the Mimar Sinan, Postnik Yakovlev (Jan De Nul), the Samson (DEME), the Simson and the Goliath (Van Oord). They featured
120:
captured in the sediment. These environmental impacts can significantly hurt marine wildlife populations, contaminate sources of drinking water and interrupt economic activities such as fishing.
985:. Clam-specific dredges can utilize hydraulic injection to target deeper into the sand. Dredging can be destructive to the seabed and some scallop dredging has been replaced by collecting via
489:
97:
Usually the main objectives of dredging is to recover material of value, or to create a greater depth of water. Dredging systems can either be shore-based, brought to a location based on
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In many projects, slurry dewatering is performed in large inland settling pits, although this is becoming less and less common as mechanical dewatering techniques continue to improve.
1053:
Dredgers are often equipped with dredge monitoring software to help the dredge operator position the dredger and monitor the current dredge level. The monitoring software often uses
196:’, a grab machine that does not appear in any earlier Greek works. The grab they described was used to extract objects from underwater, and recover objects from the beds of streams.
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from the seabed. Some dredges are also designed to catch crabs, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and conch. These dredges have the form of a scoop made of chain mesh, and are towed by a
1650:
455:: A kind of contaminant remediation, dredging is an expensive option for the remediation of eutrophied (or de-oxygenated) water bodies; one of the causes is like mentioned above,
1327:. As a result of the potential impacts to the environment, dredging is restricted to licensed areas only with vessel activity monitored closely using automatic GPS systems.
1323:
requires that any discharge of dredged or fill materials into "waters of the United States," including wetlands, is forbidden unless authorized by a permit issued by the
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2590:"The impact of dredging works in coastal waters: A review of the sensitivity to disturbance and subsequent recovery of biological resources on the sea bed"
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material can be reused after appropriate decontamination. A variety of processes has been proposed and tested at different scales of application (
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Dredging is a four-part process: loosening the material, bringing the material to the surface (together extraction), transportation and disposal.
2006:"Beach Nourishment as a Coastal Management Tool: An Annotated Bibliography on Developments Associated with the Artificial Nourishment of Beaches"
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the Muslim Golden Age in while working at the Bayt-Al-Hikmah (house of wisdom) in
Baghdad, designed an original invention in their book named ‘
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144:. It keeps waterways and ports navigable, and assists coastal protection, land reclamation and coastal redevelopment, by gathering up bottom
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chemicals that may have an adverse effect on the disposal area; furthermore, the process of dredging often dislodges chemicals residing in
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waterways. The extracted peat was used as a fuel. This tradition is now more or less obsolete. The tools are now significantly changed.
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is a type of small suction dredge. It is sometimes used like other dredges. At other times, an airlift is handheld underwater by a
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931:(1755–1819) in 1804 invented the Oruktor Amphibolos, an amphibious dredger which was America's first steam-powered road vehicle.
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671:. It works by blowing air into the pipe, and that air, being lighter than water, rises inside the pipe, dragging water with it.
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or other valuable trace substances. Hobbyists examine their dredged matter to pick out items of potential value, similar to the
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2375:"What price Tasmanian scallops? A report of morbidity and mortality associated with the scallop diving season in Tasmania 1990"
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This is a bar or blade which is pulled over the seabed behind any suitable ship or boat. It has an effect similar to that of a
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satellite navigation to accurately record where the machine has been operating and to what depth the machine has dredged to.
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outlook report in 2013, the largest dredging companies in the world are in order of size, based on dredging sales in 2012
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1260:. Suction dredging activity is allowed only during non-spawning time frames set by fish and game (in-water work periods).
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1705:, connection between 2 pipes that are used to transport mixture of water and sand from a dredger to the discharging area
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1133:). Once decontaminated, the material could well suit the building industry, or could be used for beach nourishment.
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of a concentrated high-speed stream of water to pull the nearby water, together with bed material, into a pipe.
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A trailing suction hopper dredger (TSHD) trails its suction pipe when working. The pipe, which is fitted with a
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and from decayed matter, like wilted plants. Disposal becomes a proportionally large factor in these operations.
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Some bucket dredgers and grab dredgers are powerful enough to rip out coral to make a shipping channel through
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2802:"Case Summary: Cleanup Settlement Addresses Contaminated Sediment Removal in Blair Waterway, Washington State"
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2157:"DEME Takes Delivery of 'Spartacus' – The Most Powerful and Innovative Cutter Suction Dredger in the World"
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402:: dredging increases the channel depth and therefore increase a channel's capacity for carrying water.
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is designed to remove big debris such as dead trees and parts of trees from North
America waterways.
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in 1914, the most expensive U.S. engineering project at the time, relied extensively on dredging.
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802:. A crude but usable backhoe dredger can be made by mounting a land-type backhoe excavator on a
2629:"Restoring Howards Bay: Legacy lead and other contaminants are targets of dredging and capping"
679:
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are: 46,000 cubic metre hopper and a design dredging depth of 155 m. Next largest is
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of material from a water environment. Possible reasons for dredging include improving existing
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A plain suction dredger has no tool at the end of the suction pipe to disturb the material.
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339:. In Louisiana and other American states, with salt water estuaries that can sustain bottom
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These are usually used to recover useful materials from the seabed. Many of them travel on
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They Made
America: From the Steam Engine to the Search Engine: Two Centuries of Innovators
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set at right angles to the suction pipe. Mud Cat invented the auger dredge in the 1970s.
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The activity of dredging can create the following principal impacts on the environment:
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2654:"Timing of dredging and disposal as a means of minimising maintenance dredging impacts"
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1759:, a US law banning foreign-built and foreign-owned dredges from operating in US waters
605:) with its 37,293 cubic metre hopper and a maximum dredging depth of 101 m.
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2450:. Its Engineer manual, EM 1110-2-1410. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
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and as of 2009 was the oldest operational steam vessel in
Britain, was of this type.
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from the late 1800s to present day expansions and maintenance. The completion of the
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2091:"Keel-laying ceremony for Jan de Nul's Leiv Eiriksson held - Dredging News Online"
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Changes to the topography by creating "spoil islands" from the accumulated spoil.
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Collection of heavy metal lead left by fishing, bullets, 98% mercury reclaimed .
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by mechanical means, often with many circulating buckets attached to a wheel or
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San
Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission (18 December 2020).
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3171:
3146:
1891:
1787:
1521:
1246:
842:
799:
752:
639:
functions like a cutter suction dredger, but the cutting tool is a rotating
298:
182:
2475:. San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission. October 2005.
2170:
2069:"Jan de Nul's mega trailer Cristóbal Colón launched - Dredging News Online"
714:
dredger is equipped with a bucket dredge, which is a device that picks up
577:
As of 2008 the largest trailing suction hopper dredgers in the world were
55:
6999:
6893:
6417:
6127:
6055:
5738:
5466:
5446:
5367:
5203:
5101:
5034:
4803:
4562:
4433:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
3974:
3898:
3646:
3599:
3574:
3554:
3360:
3230:
3205:
3193:
2900:
2255:
1751:
1501:
1336:
1232:
911:
905:
775:
715:
602:
438:
386:: to reclaim areas affected by chemical spills, storm water surges (with
308:
293:
285:
259:
145:
75:
39:
6583:
524:
6918:
6312:
6295:
6075:
5943:
5873:
5849:
5743:
5379:
5305:
4940:
4880:
4873:
4788:
4746:
4593:
4572:
4553:
4535:
4477:
4416:
4384:
4329:
4045:
3969:
3829:
3809:
3738:
3666:
3579:
3472:
3427:
3400:
3350:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3307:
3225:
3188:
3176:
2029:
2005:
1816:"Dredging: Profit margins expected to remain fairly healthy until 2018"
1307:
1250:
1209:
970:
795:
779:
544:
After collecting, the material can be transported to the shore via tube
316:
292:
which are threatened to become silted with the passage of time, due to
275:
251:
67:
17:
2861:
2004:
Davison, A. Todd; Nicholls, Robert J.; Leatherman, Stephen P. (1992).
6397:
5778:
5661:
5501:
5310:
5253:
5163:
5143:
4778:
4620:
4603:
4232:
3891:
3881:
3844:
3834:
3814:
3733:
3671:
3651:
3626:
3619:
3609:
3549:
3482:
3477:
3432:
3237:
3000:
2995:
1613:
1204:, often with adverse impacts. In addition, dredge spoils may contain
1083:
978:
974:
786:, steel piles that can be lowered and raised to position the dredge.
617:
As of 2024, the most powerful cutter-suction dredger in the world is
350:
140:
carried out underwater or partially underwater, in shallow waters or
2914:
World of Boats (EISCA) Collection ~ Isambard
Kingdom Brunel's Bertha
2044:"Dredge-pump Ship deepen the Estuary of the River Venta - redzet.eu"
433:
were used on the back of small boats to manually dredge the beds of
2918:
2894:
1102:), which deposit it elsewhere while the dredge continues its work.
6842:
6691:
6639:
6317:
6290:
5844:
5610:
5473:
5337:
5245:
5148:
4851:
4468:
3395:
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3097:
3087:
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1458:
1264:
1205:
1095:
1074:
1064:
1038:
1002:
956:
826:
807:
729:
693:
678:
539:
523:
511:
498:
488:
362:
271:
232:
216:
127:
98:
87:
54:
2881:(a close to exhaustive private collection of dredger photographs)
176:
Ancient authors refer to harbour dredging. The seven arms of the
6629:
5996:
5808:
5496:
5399:
5352:
4771:
4482:
3849:
3839:
3614:
3514:
3412:
3375:
3181:
3156:
3037:
2564:"Dredging set to swamp decades of Great Barrier Reef protection"
2171:"Mud Cat Dredges - Careers & Job Opportunities with Mud Cat"
1355:
1283:
1279:
1099:
966:
618:
589:(launched 4 September 2009). Main design specifications for the
434:
354:
336:
332:
312:
206:
Dredging machines have been used during the construction of the
177:
6587:
6181:
5966:
5231:
3694:
2961:
2922:
104:
Dredging has significant environmental impacts: it can disturb
5153:
4472:
4394:
4103:
3242:
3077:
2334:
1140:
943:. A unique variant is intended to walk on legs on the seabed.
468:
83:
1656:
Xcentric Ripper XR120 is a large jackup leg backhoe dredger
774:, or is carried by a hydraulic arm, or is mounted like on a
2112:
2878:
2419:"Asia's largest dredging vessel completes first sea trial"
2447:
The hopper dredge; its history, development and operation
2192:. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from
2135:"DEME orders world's most powerful cutter suction dredge"
1980:"EuDA - About dredging - Dredging - Reasons for Dredging"
2746:"Inquiry to probe Gladstone Harbour's leaking bund wall"
1866:
Morhange, Christophe; Marriner, Nick; Carayon, Nicolas.
132:
Excavator dredger in Neeme harbour, Estonia (April 2023)
1165:
1045:, has operated continuously since being built in 1936.
965:
Fishing dredges are used to collect various species of
555:
These operate by sucking through a long tube like some
160:, or constructively create sea-walls, building land or
2588:
Newell, R.C.; Seiderer, L.J.; Hitchcock, D.R. (1998).
1744:
for inland dredging and other river management systems
390:), and other soil contaminations, including silt from
331:
is a technique for catching certain species of edible
2612:
2610:
467:: is a possible future use, recovering natural metal
2281:
Evans, Harold; Buckland, Gail; Lefer, David (2006).
1573:
fleet, a Cutter
Suction Pipeline Dredge, working on
1289:
Secondary impacts to aquatic and benthic organisms'
45:"Dragger" redirects here. For the fishing boat, see
7008:
6927:
6871:
6813:
6770:
6682:
6622:
6383:
6266:
6192:
6136:
6086:
5979:
5829:
5764:
5721:
5591:
5482:
5422:
5326:
5244:
5092:
4983:
4889:
4546:
4314:
4114:
3714:
3707:
3497:
3318:
3204:
2981:
2974:
1868:"The eco-history of ancient Mediterranean harbours"
1114:containers, large textile based filters or polymer
38:"Dredgers" redirects here. Not to be confused with
2385:(1). Archived from the original on 20 October 2013
2258:, Scotland: Eyemouth Marine Centre. Archived from
2190:Proceedings of Advanced Scientific Diving Workshop
1031:, which was 525.17 feet (160.07 m) long. The
6785:Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO)
2597:Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review
2379:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal
2349:"Fishing Gear 101: Dredges – The Bottom Scrapers"
961:Dredge haul including live clams and empty shells
532:lifting its boom on a canal in The Netherlands. (
2680:
2678:
2676:
2674:
1714:Dumping of dredged sediment in Long Island Sound
1018:As of June 2018, the largest dredger in Asia is
778:. This technique is often used in excavation of
2901:International Association of Dredging Companies
1896:The book of ingenious devices (Kitāb al-ḥiyal)
782:. Most of these dredges are crane barges with
548:For suction-type excavation out of water, see
6599:
5158:
2934:
2508:. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
1841:"What is China's 'magic island-making' ship?"
1296:Possible contamination of dredge spoils sites
1154:The examples and perspective in this section
74:; reshaping land and water features to alter
31:"Dredge" redirects here. For other uses, see
8:
1386:Notable dredging companies in North America
837:, built 1844, on a demonstration run in 1982
2309:"National Institute of Oceanography, India"
1273:changes in wetland chemistry after dredging
585:(launched 4 July 2008) and her sister ship
284:: dredging to deepen or maintain navigable
27:Excavation of sediment, usually under water
6606:
6592:
6584:
6189:
6178:
5976:
5963:
5241:
5228:
3711:
3704:
3691:
2978:
2971:
2958:
2941:
2927:
2919:
1810:
1808:
1500:a trailing suction dredger in the port of
1413:Maldives Transport and Contracting Company
1172:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
1131:technologies for environmental remediation
845:on land. The chain-operated steam dredger
349:: dredging work and excavation for future
7036:List of merchant navy capacity by country
2557:
2555:
1974:
1972:
1397:Notable dredging companies in South Asia
1188:Learn how and when to remove this message
770:, which hangs from an onboard crane or a
2686:"Monitoring Turbidity at Dredging Sites"
2520:"Dredging & Discharge: Dredge Hoses"
1952:"Dredging Up the Past: The Panama Canal"
1368:Van Oord Dredging and Marine Contractors
1061:Transportation and disposal of materials
766:dredger picks up seabed material with a
1782:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1423:
536:is Greek for "that which drinks earth")
250:: dredging carried out to create a new
108:, leading to both short- and long-term
101:, or built into purpose-built vessels.
2444:Scheffauer, Frederick C., ed. (1954).
2421:. Xinhua. 12 June 2018. Archived from
2396:
2347:Kristjan F. Olgeirsson (19 May 2015).
1223:Release of toxic chemicals (including
2093:. Sandandgravel.com. 1 September 2008
1608:Top view of a suction dredger on the
1380:Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Company
1212:substrates and injects them into the
1037:, a clamshell dredger that maintains
7:
6553:
1927:"New Suez Canal: A Dredging Triumph"
1314:banned in 2008, back into the water.
1286:upon contaminated aquatic organisms.
2710:Milman, Oliver (11 December 2013).
2546:"To remediate or to not remediate?"
868:is the Dutch word for "scratcher".
82:, and commercial use; constructing
2885:Dredging and Spoil Disposal Policy
1788:"EuDA - About dredging - Dredging"
1575:Mission Bay, San Diego, California
221:Reconstruction of the mud-drag by
203:drew a design for a drag dredger.
25:
7031:International Chamber of Shipping
6879:Anchor handling tug supply vessel
2800:US EPA, OECA (15 December 2015).
2690:Environmental Measurement Systems
2188:. In Lang, MA; Smith, NE (eds.).
698:Old Dutch bucket dredging vessel
627:, which entered service in 2021.
6673:
6564:
6552:
6541:
6540:
2771:"About the Spoil Island Project"
2482:from the original on 9 July 2021
2337:403 004 India, 7–9 December 2004
2071:. Sandandgravel.com. 7 July 2008
1682:
1668:
1649:
1621:
1601:
1581:
1559:
1547:
1528:
1509:
1489:
1466:
1450:
1426:
1374:National Marine Dredging Company
1145:
6565:
4095:Outdoors & sports equipment
2627:Walsh, Melissa (28 June 2019).
2562:Brodie, Jon (2 December 2013).
851:, built in 1844 to a design by
794:A backhoe/dipper dredger has a
237:Reconstruction of the mud-drag
2744:Moore, Tony (7 January 2014).
2287:. Boston, MA: Back Bay Books.
2186:"USAP Surface-Supplied Diving"
373:Winning construction materials
1:
4099:Personal protective equipment
2503:"BCDC Permit NO. 2003.007.03"
1698:Chemistry of wetland dredging
1402:Dredging Corporation of India
1118:/congealant based apparatus.
365:, This is often to build the
819:shallow water for dredging.
814:Excavator dredge attachments
520:, in Puerto Bolivar, Ecuador
2115:. Jandenul.com. 7 June 2013
2010:Journal of Coastal Research
1588:Dredge ship with barges on
1249:, which can affect aquatic
1168:, discuss the issue on the
993:Notable individual dredgers
445:Removing rubbish and debris
118:legacy human-sourced toxins
7093:
2712:"The facts about dredging"
2470:"Staff Report: Salt Ponds"
2137:. Marine Log. 1 March 2017
1757:Foreign Dredge Act of 1906
1729:, a diamond-mining dredger
1362:Royal Boskalis Westminster
1049:Dredge monitoring software
996:
950:
903:
883:
547:
164:such as viable islands in
29:
6671:
6535:
6188:
6177:
5975:
5962:
5240:
5227:
3703:
3690:
2970:
2957:
2403:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2373:Walker, Margaret (1991).
1344:China Harbour Engineering
227:Manuscript E, folio 75 v.
194:Book of Ingenious Devices
190:Banu Musa brothers during
6413:Mergers and acquisitions
6154:Research and development
4514:Chemical & hormonal
4169:Communications equipment
2456:2027/uiug.30112008445915
2227:www.european-dredging.eu
1984:www.european-dredging.eu
1792:www.european-dredging.eu
1734:Queen of the Netherlands
1433:Grab (clamshell) dredge
1331:Major dredging companies
1302:Releases toxic compound
1245:Short term increases in
518:Provincia de el Oro No 1
516:Cutter-suction dredger,
321:hobby of metal detecting
6858:Roll-on/roll-off (RORO)
6757:Roll-on/roll-off (RORO)
5199:Painting and decorating
4223:Medical imaging systems
4156:Parts & peripherals
1571:Manson Construction Co.
1439:Manson Construction Co.
1391:Manson Construction Co.
1325:Army Corps of Engineers
790:Backhoe/dipper dredgers
757:Brooklyn, New York City
747:dredger working in the
559:but on a larger scale.
471:nodules from the sea's
199:During the renaissance
33:Dredge (disambiguation)
6899:Platform supply vessel
6712:Coastal trading vessel
6517:State-owned enterprise
6497:Nonprofit organization
6408:Horizontal integration
4216:Scientific instruments
4179:Network infrastructure
2658:www.ukmarinesac.org.uk
1931:The Maritime Executive
1536:Alexander von Humboldt
1376:(United Arab Emirates)
1078:
1069:French hopper dredger
1015:
962:
838:
759:
702:
684:
545:
537:
521:
509:
238:
230:
133:
94:, known as a dredger.
60:
6884:Diving support vessel
5860:Private investigation
2889:Australian Government
2879:Directory of Dredgers
1900:Donald Routledge Hill
1676:United Kingdom portal
1628:Cutterhead of dredge
1407:Adani Ports & SEZ
1263:Secondary impacts to
1200:Dredging can disturb
1137:Environmental impacts
1068:
1006:
960:
884:Further information:
830:
742:
697:
682:
543:
527:
515:
492:
236:
220:
131:
58:
7072:Nautical terminology
7067:Coastal construction
7062:Engineering vehicles
6889:Emergency tow vessel
6428:Vertical integration
4429:Speciality chemicals
4269:Electrical equipment
4186:Consumer electronics
2775:Spoil Island Project
2223:"Mechanical Dredger"
1634:Louisville, Kentucky
1278:Tertiary impacts to
1166:improve this section
1156:may not represent a
497:of a suction dredge
305:Harvesting materials
112:, destroy important
7077:Coastal engineering
7016:Nautical operations
6960:Floating restaurant
6742:Lighter aboard ship
6512:Sole proprietorship
6487:Joint-stock company
5756:Veterinary medicine
5581:Property management
5375:Passenger transport
4402:Commodity chemicals
4228:Optical instruments
4196:Video game consoles
4089:Musical instruments
3930:Media reproduction
2906:5 July 2018 at the
2897:(Knowledge sharing)
2895:The Art of Dredging
2781:on 20 December 2019
2548:. Atlas of Science.
2184:Robbins, R (2006).
1644:mile 607, July 2002
1457:The excavator of a
1256:and interfere with
1055:Real Time Kinematic
675:Mechanical dredgers
637:auger dredge system
452:Anti-eutrophication
162:whole new landforms
6970:Merchant submarine
6645:Maritime transport
6460:Putting-out system
5969:Information sector
5890:Personal services
5492:Financial services
4964:offshore platforms
4813:advanced materials
4794:Ready-mix concrete
4247:Laser construction
4207:Clocks and watches
4041:Injection moulding
4012:Other fabrication
3965:household hardware
2315:on 12 January 2009
2113:"Jan De Nul Group"
1956:U.S. Aqua Services
1312:anti-fouling paint
1267:productivity from
1202:aquatic ecosystems
1079:
1016:
963:
839:
760:
703:
685:
546:
538:
522:
510:
311:for elements like
239:
231:
134:
116:, and can release
61:
7044:
7043:
6747:Livestock carrier
6650:Freight transport
6581:
6580:
6531:
6530:
6527:
6526:
6358:Natural resources
6203:Production-based
6173:
6172:
6169:
6168:
6111:Vocational school
5958:
5957:
5954:
5953:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5184:Electrical wiring
5170:Specialty trades
5124:Civil engineering
4979:
4978:
4653:Vulcanized rubber
4449:Cleaning products
4289:Electric lighting
4006:Surface finishing
3996:Powder metallurgy
3951:Metal fabrication
3697:Industrial sector
3686:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3585:Rare-earth metals
3493:
3492:
2524:Max Groups Marine
2353:The Safina Center
1847:. 6 November 2017
1742:River engineering
1703:Dredge ball joint
1516:Grab dredging in
1198:
1197:
1190:
1043:San Francisco Bay
999:Category:Dredgers
879:turbidity current
768:clam shell bucket
740:
700:Hollandsch Diep 4
641:Archimedean screw
550:Suction excavator
414:Beach nourishment
223:Leonardo da Vinci
201:Leonardo da Vinci
114:seabed ecosystems
16:(Redirected from
7084:
6995:Semi-submersible
6980:Pipe-laying ship
6677:
6660:Maritime history
6608:
6601:
6594:
6585:
6568:
6567:
6556:
6555:
6544:
6543:
6440:Enforced breakup
6435:Decentralization
6363:Physical capital
6190:
6179:
5977:
5964:
5840:Customer service
5751:Residential care
5699:Public relations
5507:Financial advice
5484:Asset management
5279:Department store
5242:
5229:
5209:Site preparation
5057:Telecom networks
5025:Waste management
5001:Gas distribution
4685:Synthetic fibers
4412:Industrial gases
4151:Computer systems
4085:Medical supplies
3712:
3705:
3692:
3122:Animal husbandry
3093:Medicinal plants
2979:
2972:
2959:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2920:
2910:Knowledge centre
2866:
2865:
2862:"Adani Dredging"
2858:
2852:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2777:. Archived from
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2682:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2624:
2618:
2614:
2605:
2604:
2594:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2568:The Conversation
2559:
2550:
2549:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2481:
2474:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2402:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2344:
2338:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2311:. Archived from
2305:
2299:
2298:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2219:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2159:. 4 August 2021.
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1898:, translated by
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1820:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1784:
1709:Dredge drag head
1692:
1690:Transport portal
1687:
1686:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1653:
1625:
1605:
1594:Saint Petersburg
1585:
1563:
1551:
1532:
1518:Victoria Harbour
1513:
1493:
1470:
1454:
1430:
1193:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1149:
1148:
1141:
1012:Dumbarton Bridge
941:continuous track
741:
572:dredge drag head
566:Trailing suction
495:dredge drag head
485:Suction dredgers
399:Flood prevention
328:Fishing dredging
267:Land reclamation
248:Capital dredging
106:marine sediments
50:
43:
36:
21:
7092:
7091:
7087:
7086:
7085:
7083:
7082:
7081:
7047:
7046:
7045:
7040:
7004:
6985:Research vessel
6975:Narco-submarine
6923:
6867:
6809:
6795:Hydrogen tanker
6780:Chemical tanker
6766:
6727:Heavy-lift ship
6678:
6669:
6655:Merchant marine
6618:
6612:
6582:
6577:
6576:
6523:
6492:Nationalization
6379:
6349:Primary inputs
6270:
6262:
6195:
6194:Classification
6184:
6165:
6132:
6082:
6066:Social networks
5983:
5971:
5950:
5934:Business travel
5836:Administrative
5825:
5804:Amusement parks
5768:
5760:
5734:Dentist offices
5717:
5587:
5554:Pension funding
5527:Risk management
5512:Holding company
5478:
5418:
5330:
5322:
5294:Specialty store
5289:Online shopping
5236:
5215:
5088:
4975:
4885:
4542:
4500:Pharmaceuticals
4444:Aroma compounds
4380:Petroleum jelly
4310:
4299:Home appliances
4294:Electric motors
4242:spotting scopes
4203:Instrumentation
4116:
4110:
4092:Office supplies
3699:
3678:
3662:Dimension stone
3596:Other minerals
3541:Mining of ores
3489:
3314:
3200:
3147:Other livestock
3033:Permanent crops
2966:
2953:
2947:
2908:Wayback Machine
2875:
2870:
2869:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2826:Clean Water Act
2824:
2820:
2810:
2808:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2684:
2683:
2672:
2662:
2660:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2633:Great Lakes Now
2626:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2608:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2572:
2570:
2561:
2560:
2553:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2428:
2426:
2425:on 13 June 2018
2417:
2416:
2412:
2395:
2388:
2386:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2357:
2355:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2221:
2220:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2016:(4): 984–1022.
2003:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1796:
1794:
1786:
1785:
1776:
1771:
1738:, a big dredger
1725:Peace in Africa
1688:
1681:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1645:
1626:
1617:
1606:
1597:
1586:
1577:
1564:
1555:
1552:
1543:
1533:
1524:
1514:
1505:
1494:
1485:
1471:
1462:
1455:
1446:
1443:Port of Oakland
1431:
1422:
1393:(United States)
1382:(United States)
1335:According to a
1333:
1321:Clean Water Act
1194:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1163:
1150:
1146:
1139:
1073:at work on the
1063:
1051:
1001:
995:
955:
949:
937:
920:
908:
902:
893:
888:
874:
872:Water injection
861:
825:
792:
730:
728:
708:
706:Bucket dredgers
683:Bucket dredging
677:
661:
649:
633:
611:
591:Cristobal Colon
583:Cristobal Colon
568:
557:vacuum cleaners
553:
487:
482:
473:deepest troughs
422:Peat extraction
409:
244:
174:
158:coastal erosion
126:
110:water pollution
51:
47:Fishing trawler
44:
37:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7090:
7088:
7080:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7049:
7048:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7012:
7010:
7006:
7005:
7003:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6955:Fishing vessel
6952:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6931:
6929:
6925:
6924:
6922:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6875:
6873:
6869:
6868:
6866:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6819:
6817:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6776:
6774:
6768:
6767:
6765:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6737:Lake freighter
6734:
6729:
6724:
6722:Container ship
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6688:
6686:
6680:
6679:
6672:
6670:
6668:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6626:
6624:
6620:
6619:
6616:merchant ships
6613:
6611:
6610:
6603:
6596:
6588:
6579:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6562:
6550:
6537:
6536:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6521:
6520:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6474:
6473:
6472:
6470:Temporary work
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6393:Centralization
6389:
6387:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6366:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6347:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6315:
6310:
6309:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6277:
6275:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6240:
6239:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6209:
6200:
6198:
6186:
6185:
6182:
6175:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6162:
6161:
6159:Basic research
6151:
6146:
6140:
6138:
6134:
6133:
6131:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6113:
6103:
6098:
6092:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6053:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6011:
6010:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5990:
5988:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5960:
5959:
5956:
5955:
5952:
5951:
5949:
5948:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5928:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5888:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5868:
5867:
5866:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5833:
5831:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5821:Tabletop games
5818:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5793:
5788:
5787:
5786:
5775:
5773:
5762:
5761:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5727:
5725:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5696:
5686:
5684:Legal services
5681:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5659:
5658:
5657:
5655:system testing
5644:
5639:
5625:
5624:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5597:
5595:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5583:
5578:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5536:
5535:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5517:Money transfer
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5488:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5477:
5476:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5428:
5426:
5420:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5390:Passenger rail
5387:
5382:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5358:Moving company
5355:
5350:
5345:
5334:
5332:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5298:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5264:Consumer goods
5261:
5259:Car dealership
5250:
5248:
5238:
5237:
5234:Service sector
5232:
5225:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5098:
5096:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5054:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4989:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4968:
4967:
4966:
4957:
4952:
4937:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4895:
4893:
4891:Heavy industry
4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4861:
4860:
4859:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4830:Metal refining
4827:
4826:
4825:
4823:Synthetic gems
4820:
4815:
4806:
4800:Other mineral
4798:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4737:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4690:Thermoplastics
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4650:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4570:
4565:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4516:contraceptives
4512:
4510:Blood products
4507:
4497:
4495:Fine chemicals
4492:
4491:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4375:Petrochemicals
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4320:
4318:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4276:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4235:
4225:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4158:
4153:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4139:Semiconductors
4136:
4134:Circuit boards
4131:
4120:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4082:
4079:
4074:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4003:
4001:Prefabrication
3998:
3993:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3958:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3934:Cassette tapes
3928:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3784:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3770:Vegetable oils
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3744:
3743:Dairy products
3741:
3736:
3731:
3720:
3718:
3716:Light industry
3709:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3298:Wild mushrooms
3295:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3275:
3273:Natural rubber
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3240:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3058:Tropical fruit
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2991:Arable farming
2987:
2985:
2976:
2968:
2967:
2964:Natural sector
2962:
2955:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2898:
2892:
2882:
2874:
2873:External links
2871:
2868:
2867:
2853:
2846:33 U.S.C.
2838:33 U.S.C.
2830:33 U.S.C.
2818:
2792:
2762:
2750:Brisbane Times
2736:
2702:
2670:
2645:
2619:
2606:
2580:
2551:
2536:
2511:
2493:
2461:
2436:
2410:
2365:
2339:
2326:
2300:
2293:
2273:
2262:on 4 June 2011
2252:World of Boats
2239:
2207:
2196:on 26 May 2014
2176:
2162:
2148:
2126:
2104:
2082:
2060:
2035:
1996:
1968:
1943:
1918:
1912:
1906:, p. 21,
1883:
1858:
1832:
1804:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1745:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1679:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1648:
1646:
1627:
1620:
1618:
1607:
1600:
1598:
1587:
1580:
1578:
1565:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1546:
1544:
1534:
1527:
1525:
1515:
1508:
1506:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1478:Lakes Entrance
1472:
1465:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1447:
1432:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1395:
1394:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1332:
1329:
1316:
1315:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1287:
1276:
1261:
1243:
1240:
1231:) from bottom
1196:
1195:
1160:of the subject
1158:worldwide view
1153:
1151:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1077:estuary (2018)
1062:
1059:
1050:
1047:
994:
991:
953:Fishing dredge
951:Main article:
948:
945:
936:
933:
919:
916:
904:Main article:
901:
898:
892:
889:
873:
870:
864:deeper water.
860:
857:
831:Steam dredger
824:
821:
791:
788:
727:
724:
707:
704:
676:
673:
660:
657:
653:Venturi effect
651:These use the
648:
645:
632:
629:
610:
609:Cutter-suction
607:
567:
564:
507:Warsaw, Poland
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
476:
460:
448:
442:
427:dredging poles
418:
408:
405:
404:
403:
395:
376:
370:
344:
324:
302:
279:
263:
243:
240:
173:
170:
125:
122:
72:water features
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7089:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7026:Admiralty law
7024:
7022:
7021:Affreightment
7019:
7017:
7014:
7013:
7011:
7007:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6930:
6926:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6870:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6812:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6777:
6775:
6773:
6769:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6689:
6687:
6685:
6681:
6676:
6666:
6665:Shipping line
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6627:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6609:
6604:
6602:
6597:
6595:
6590:
6589:
6586:
6573:
6572:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6551:
6549:
6548:
6539:
6538:
6534:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6507:Privatization
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6479:
6478:
6475:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6436:
6433:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6386:
6382:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6283:
6282:
6281:Externalities
6279:
6278:
6276:
6274:
6269:
6265:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6242:Market-based
6241:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6197:
6191:
6187:
6180:
6176:
6160:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6135:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6108:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6089:
6085:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6057:
6054:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6035:
6032:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6013:Audio-visual
6012:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5994:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5965:
5961:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5828:
5822:
5819:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5796:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5772:
5767:
5766:Entertainment
5763:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5704:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5663:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5629:
5626:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5602:
5599:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5590:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5522:Payment cards
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5485:
5481:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5457:Food delivery
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5437:Drink service
5435:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5405:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5331:& Storage
5329:
5325:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5299:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5274:Grocery store
5272:
5270:
5269:General store
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5256:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5230:
5226:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5125:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5026:
5023:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5014:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4982:
4972:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4955:Rail vehicles
4953:
4951:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4929:
4928:wind turbines
4925:
4922:
4920:
4919:Machine tools
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4865:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4831:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4810:
4809:Carbon fibers
4807:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Illegal drugs
4524:
4522:
4521:Generic drugs
4519:
4517:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Agrochemicals
4437:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4422:Pure elements
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4390:Synthetic oil
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4252:Lens grinding
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4174:Mobile phones
4172:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4163:
4162:storage media
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:& optical
4113:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3944:Optical discs
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3787:Bottled water
3785:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3708:Manufacturing
3706:
3702:
3698:
3693:
3689:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:Sea cucumbers
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Dairy farming
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:Apples et al.
3036:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2872:
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797:
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749:Gowanus Canal
746:
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500:
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461:
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457:sewage sludge
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59:A grab dredge
57:
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48:
41:
34:
19:
6944:
6940:Crane vessel
6732:Hopper barge
6697:Bulk carrier
6570:
6558:
6546:
6465:Spinning-off
6450:Homesteading
6403:Conglomerate
6385:Organization
6338:Raw material
6333:Intermediate
6212:
6211:
6034:Broadcasting
5939:Cruise lines
5909:Maid service
5899:Dry cleaning
5870:Maintenance
5628:Architecture
5593:Professional
5412:Self storage
5316:Distribution
5094:Construction
4939:Other heavy
4864:Formed metal
4818:Mineral wool
4740:Safety glass
4711:Fused quartz
4706:Borosilicate
4370:Paraffin wax
4325:oil refining
4304:Transformers
4070:Other goods
4056:Stonemasonry
4036:Glassblowing
4021:Blow molding
3980:Locksmithing
3956:Boilermaking
3505:Fossil fuels
3303:Fungiculture
3258:Gutta-percha
3248:Frankincense
3243:Tree tapping
3214:Silviculture
3194:Fur trapping
3105:Horticulture
3053:Stone fruits
2856:
2821:
2811:22 September
2809:. Retrieved
2805:
2795:
2785:22 September
2783:. Retrieved
2779:the original
2774:
2765:
2755:22 September
2753:. Retrieved
2749:
2739:
2729:21 September
2727:. Retrieved
2716:The Guardian
2715:
2705:
2695:22 September
2693:. Retrieved
2689:
2663:22 September
2661:. Retrieved
2657:
2648:
2638:22 September
2636:. Retrieved
2632:
2622:
2600:
2596:
2583:
2573:21 September
2571:. Retrieved
2567:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2523:
2514:
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2464:
2446:
2439:
2427:. Retrieved
2423:the original
2413:
2399:cite journal
2387:. Retrieved
2382:
2378:
2368:
2358:21 September
2356:. Retrieved
2352:
2342:
2329:
2317:. Retrieved
2313:the original
2303:
2283:
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2260:the original
2251:
2242:
2230:. Retrieved
2226:
2198:. Retrieved
2194:the original
2189:
2179:
2165:
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2129:
2117:. Retrieved
2107:
2095:. Retrieved
2085:
2073:. Retrieved
2063:
2051:. Retrieved
2047:
2038:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1983:
1961:21 September
1959:. Retrieved
1955:
1946:
1936:21 September
1934:. Retrieved
1930:
1921:
1895:
1886:
1874:. Retrieved
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1844:
1835:
1823:. Retrieved
1795:. Retrieved
1791:
1733:
1724:
1719:Navigability
1629:
1566:
1535:
1497:
1473:
1434:
1396:
1385:
1334:
1317:
1306:, a popular
1271:and general
1237:water column
1225:heavy metals
1218:
1214:water column
1199:
1184:
1178:January 2023
1175:
1155:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1108:
1104:
1092:dredge hoses
1088:
1080:
1071:Daniel Laval
1070:
1052:
1033:
1027:
1022:Tian Kun Hao
1021:
1017:
987:scuba diving
983:fishing boat
964:
938:
929:Oliver Evans
925:
921:
909:
894:
886:Dredge valve
875:
865:
862:
846:
840:
832:
817:
813:
812:
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517:
462:
450:
444:
431:dredge hauls
430:
426:
420:
412:
397:
388:urban runoff
378:
372:
346:
326:
304:
281:
265:
247:
226:
212:Panama Canal
205:
198:
187:
175:
166:coral atolls
154:
151:
142:ocean waters
136:Dredging is
135:
103:
96:
80:navigability
63:
62:
52:
6935:Cable layer
6928:Other types
6909:Salvage tug
6863:Train ferry
6853:Ocean liner
6838:Cruiseferry
6833:Cruise ship
6828:Cargo liner
6823:Cable ferry
6800:LNG carrier
6790:Gas carrier
6762:Train ferry
6752:Reefer ship
6502:Partnership
6482:Cooperative
6455:Outsourcing
6445:Freelancing
6323:Commodities
6027:Video games
6002:Periodicals
5879:Landscaping
5809:Fairgrounds
5711:Advertising
5632:engineering
5616:Bookkeeping
5571:Real estate
5564:Reinsurance
5462:Restaurants
5432:Foodservice
5424:Hospitality
5407:Warehousing
5395:Ridesharing
5385:Car rentals
5117:Residential
5052:Remediation
4935:Automobiles
4757:Earthenware
4726:Glass fiber
4721:Float glass
4531:Supplements
4505:Antibiotics
4407:Fertilizers
4365:Mineral oil
4340:Diesel fuel
4323:Coal &
4283:fiber optic
4257:Microscopes
4211:GPS devices
4191:Televisions
4124:Electronics
4115:Electrical
4061:Woodworking
4016:3D printing
3975:Gunsmithing
3939:Phonographs
3924:Typesetting
3904:Bookbinding
3867:Dressmaking
3862:Accessories
3794:Soft drinks
3729:Animal feed
3520:Natural gas
3408:Aquaculture
3391:Sea urchins
3263:Maple syrup
3137:Fur farming
3127:Beef cattle
3063:Viticulture
3011:Fiber crops
2983:Agriculture
2850:§ 1344
2842:§ 1362
2834:§ 1311
2266:27 December
2141:13 November
1763:Gold dredge
1630:Bill Holman
1610:Nandu River
1554:Sand mining
1474:April Hamer
1304:Tributyltin
997:Main page:
935:Submersible
823:Bed leveler
772:crane barge
689:coral reefs
530:Geopotes 14
383:remediation
380:Contaminant
367:foundations
347:Preparatory
341:oyster beds
307:: dredging
282:Maintenance
124:Description
7051:Categories
6965:Icebreaker
6848:Narrowboat
6805:Oil tanker
6707:Chain boat
6635:Cargo ship
6375:Technology
6345:Innovation
6306:Well-being
6116:University
6049:Television
5986:Mass media
5981:Publishing
5814:Nightclubs
5723:Healthcare
5694:Consulting
5689:Management
5637:Inspection
5621:Tax advice
5601:Accounting
5532:Securities
5348:Intermodal
5284:Mail order
5179:Demolition
5112:Industrial
5107:Commercial
5030:Collection
4881:Cast metal
4767:Refractory
4735:fiberglass
4731:Glass wool
4694:thermosets
4670:Engineered
4599:Engineered
4594:Sawmilling
4488:Toiletries
4459:Explosives
4279:Electrical
4262:Telescopes
4129:Components
3887:Shoemaking
3605:Phosphorus
3498:Geological
3448:Microalgae
3291:Pine resin
3278:Palm sugar
3253:Gum arabic
3167:Beekeeping
3006:Vegetables
2951:industries
2887:(from the
2603:: 127–178.
2544:Fonti, V.
1769:References
1748:WT Preston
1642:Ohio River
1540:Jan De Nul
1415:(Maldives)
1350:Jan De Nul
1291:metabolism
1282:which may
1254:metabolism
1116:flocculant
1034:Mallard II
1008:Mallard II
918:Amphibious
866:Krabbelaar
859:Krabbelaar
800:excavators
579:Jan De Nul
299:reservoirs
294:sedimented
208:Suez Canal
138:excavation
68:excavation
6990:Riverboat
6950:Drillship
6815:Passenger
6702:Car float
6684:Dry cargo
6623:Overviews
6477:Ownership
6423:Monopsony
6301:Pollution
6286:Community
6196:standards
6101:Secondary
6088:Education
6071:Streaming
5739:Hospitals
5730:Medicine
5706:Marketing
5642:Surveying
5606:Assurance
5576:Brokerage
5539:Insurance
5467:Teahouses
5452:Fast food
5343:Air cargo
5328:Transport
5311:Brokerage
5301:Wholesale
5189:Elevators
5174:Cabinetry
5102:Buildings
5082:Telephone
5077:Satellite
5045:Recycling
5040:Hazardous
5006:Renewable
4985:Utilities
4946:Aerospace
4914:Hydraulic
4904:Conveyors
4899:Machinery
4804:Abrasives
4762:Porcelain
4716:Soda-lime
4675:Specialty
4665:Commodity
4626:Cardboard
4609:Composite
4547:Materials
4464:Fireworks
4454:Cosmetics
4434:Adhesives
4316:Chemicals
4274:Batteries
4146:Computers
4081:Jewellery
4067:Furniture
4051:Sintering
4031:Extrusion
3985:Machining
3961:Builders'
3914:Engraving
3909:Embossing
3892:Tailoring
3877:Hatmaking
3777:Beverages
3760:Preserved
3657:Limestone
3627:Quarrying
3600:Gemstones
3570:Palladium
3535:Tar sands
3530:Petroleum
3525:Oil shale
3371:Swordfish
3331:Anchovies
3172:Cochineal
2724:0261-3077
2529:8 January
2022:0749-0208
1892:Banu Musa
1567:HR Morris
1522:Hong Kong
1484:Australia
1358:(Belgium)
1352:(Belgium)
1247:turbidity
1235:into the
1233:sediments
1170:talk page
1010:near the
891:Pneumatic
843:bulldozer
753:Superfund
624:Spartacus
301:or lakes.
286:waterways
183:Marseille
146:sediments
7057:Dredging
7000:Snagboat
6894:Fireboat
6547:Category
6418:Monopoly
6370:Services
6149:Language
6144:Creative
6128:Tutoring
6106:Tertiary
6076:Websites
6056:Internet
6007:Software
5993:Written
5914:Pet care
5874:Janitors
5864:security
5855:Staffing
5779:Gambling
5672:Interior
5653:, &
5647:Physical
5559:Property
5447:Catering
5380:Airlines
5368:Trucking
5204:Plumbing
5159:Dredging
5134:Railways
5067:Internet
5062:Cable TV
4996:Electric
4941:vehicles
4840:Aluminum
4747:Ceramics
4660:Plastics
4573:Currying
4563:deliming
4536:Vaccines
4478:Perfumes
4417:Pigments
4360:Kerosene
4355:Jet fuel
4350:Gasoline
4345:Fuel oil
4077:Bicycles
3991:smithing
3899:Printing
3857:Clothing
3825:Spinning
3805:Textiles
3755:Prepared
3575:Platinum
3545:Aluminum
3473:Scallops
3386:Lobsters
3361:Mackerel
3341:Sardines
3308:Truffles
3284:, &
3231:Firewood
3206:Forestry
3016:Oilseeds
2904:Archived
2617:619-630.
2477:Archived
2256:Eyemouth
2248:"Bertha"
1904:Springer
1894:(1979),
1845:BBC News
1825:26 March
1752:snagboat
1662:See also
1596:, Russia
1590:Neva bay
1502:IJmuiden
1482:Victoria
1337:Rabobank
1310:used in
1280:avifauna
1258:spawning
1164:You may
1028:Essayons
1020:MV
971:scallops
912:snagboat
906:Snagboat
900:Snagboat
776:dragline
755:site in
716:sediment
659:Air-lift
647:Jet-lift
603:Van Oord
593:and the
534:gēopotēs
317:diamonds
309:sediment
290:channels
278:control.
260:waterway
242:Purposes
76:drainage
64:Dredging
40:Dreggers
7009:Related
6945:Dredger
6919:Tugboat
6872:Support
6772:Tankers
6717:Collier
6614:Modern
6571:Outline
6559:Commons
6313:Funding
6296:Culture
6273:outputs
6183:Related
6123:Testing
6096:Primary
6061:Hosting
5944:Tourism
5930:Travel
5926:Poverty
5904:Funeral
5886:Repairs
5850:Renting
5845:Leasing
5799:Arcades
5795:Venues
5771:leisure
5744:Nursing
5677:Product
5667:Fashion
5651:product
5497:Banking
5306:Auction
5164:Harbors
5144:Tunnels
5129:Bridges
5035:Dumping
4971:Weapons
4789:Plaster
4680:Pellets
4568:Tanning
4554:Leather
4385:Propane
4330:Bitumen
4233:Cameras
4073:Baggage
4046:Pottery
4026:Drawing
3970:Cutlery
3835:Carpets
3830:Weaving
3810:Carding
3739:Canning
3667:Granite
3590:Uranium
3580:Lithium
3453:Seaweed
3438:Oysters
3433:Mussels
3428:Abalone
3423:Tilapia
3418:Catfish
3401:Whaling
3356:Pollock
3351:Haddock
3336:Herring
3326:Fishing
3319:Aquatic
3226:Logging
3189:Hunting
3177:Shellac
3162:Poultry
3110:Flowers
3043:Berries
3026:Tobacco
3001:Legumes
2996:Cereals
2429:13 June
2389:16 July
2319:14 June
2200:5 April
2119:14 June
2097:14 June
2075:14 June
2030:4298052
1616:, China
1569:of the
1538:of the
1498:Orisant
1461:dredge.
1437:of the
1409:(India)
1346:(China)
1308:biocide
1251:species
1210:benthic
1112:geotube
1014:in 2021
979:mussels
975:oysters
947:Fishing
804:pontoon
796:backhoe
780:bay mud
665:airlift
599:HAM 318
501:on the
363:wharves
351:bridges
276:erosion
252:harbour
172:History
66:is the
18:Dredger
6914:Tender
6904:Pusher
6398:Cartel
6271:&
6268:Inputs
6207:ANZSIC
5984:&
5894:Beauty
5862:&
5784:Online
5769:&
5662:Design
5630:&
5544:Health
5502:Credit
5474:Hotels
5254:Retail
5149:Canals
5072:Mobile
5018:Sewage
4992:Power
4962:&
4948:&
4926:&
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4869:Rolled
4852:Alloys
4845:Copper
4811:&
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4779:Cement
4733:&
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4636:Tissue
4621:Sizing
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4589:Drying
4577:oiling
4575:&
4561:&
4559:Liming
4471:&
4469:Paints
4285:cables
4281:&
4240:&
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3989:Other
3963:&
3919:Secure
3882:Sewing
3845:Linens
3820:Prints
3815:Dyeing
3791:Liquor
3765:Sweets
3734:Baking
3672:Marble
3652:Gypsum
3632:Gravel
3620:Sulfur
3610:Potash
3565:Silver
3550:Copper
3483:Shrimp
3478:Salmon
3443:Pearls
3268:Mastic
3238:Rattan
3219:Bamboo
3142:Horses
3098:Spices
3088:Olives
3073:Coffee
3048:Citrus
2975:Biotic
2949:Major
2848:
2840:
2832:
2806:US EPA
2722:
2486:6 July
2291:
2232:4 July
2053:4 July
2028:
2020:
1989:3 July
1910:
1876:1 July
1851:4 July
1821:. 2013
1797:3 July
1736:(ship)
1727:(ship)
1614:Hainan
1420:Images
1096:barges
1084:slurry
1039:levees
853:Brunel
848:Bertha
834:Bertha
712:bucket
99:barges
6843:Ferry
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6640:Cargo
6353:Labor
6328:Final
6318:Goods
6291:Crime
6236:UKSIC
6226:NAICS
6137:Other
6044:Radio
6022:Music
5997:Books
5830:Other
5791:Sport
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5442:Cafés
5400:Taxis
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5139:Roads
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4924:Power
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4857:Steel
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4701:Glass
4648:Tires
4616:Paper
3746:Flour
3642:Chalk
3463:Clams
3459:Both
3396:Squid
3381:Crabs
3366:Shark
3282:syrup
3115:Seeds
3068:Cocoa
3021:Sugar
2593:(PDF)
2506:(PDF)
2480:(PDF)
2473:(PDF)
2026:JSTOR
1871:(PDF)
1819:(PDF)
1542:fleet
1459:Yukon
1435:Njord
1265:marsh
1206:toxic
1100:scows
1075:Seine
967:clams
808:barge
784:spuds
720:chain
669:diver
499:barge
480:Types
407:Other
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355:piers
337:crabs
333:clams
272:flood
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92:plant
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6630:Ship
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6246:GICS
6221:NACE
6214:ISIC
6039:News
6017:Film
5549:Life
5363:Rail
5353:Mail
5194:HVAC
5154:Dams
4835:Iron
4772:Tile
4631:Pulp
4584:Wood
4483:Soap
4473:inks
4335:Coke
4104:Toys
3872:Furs
3850:Rope
3840:Lace
3798:Wine
3782:Beer
3750:Meat
3724:Food
3647:Clay
3637:Sand
3615:Salt
3560:Gold
3555:Iron
3515:Peat
3510:Coal
3413:Carp
3376:Tuna
3286:wine
3182:Silk
3157:Wool
3083:Nuts
2813:2019
2787:2019
2757:2019
2731:2019
2720:ISSN
2697:2019
2665:2019
2640:2019
2575:2019
2531:2019
2488:2021
2431:2018
2405:link
2391:2013
2360:2019
2321:2013
2289:ISBN
2268:2009
2234:2018
2202:2013
2143:2018
2121:2013
2099:2013
2077:2013
2055:2022
2018:ISSN
1991:2018
1963:2019
1938:2019
1908:ISBN
1878:2018
1853:2018
1827:2018
1799:2018
1750:, a
1496:The
1356:DEME
1284:prey
1227:and
764:grab
751:, a
745:grab
635:The
619:DEME
528:The
493:The
439:moor
435:peat
335:and
313:gold
188:The
178:Nile
84:dams
6251:ICB
6231:SIC
5919:Sex
4395:Tar
4238:Gun
3346:Cod
3152:Pig
3078:Tea
2452:hdl
2335:Goa
1592:in
1476:at
1229:PCB
1090:as
1041:in
977:or
663:An
621:'s
581:'s
505:in
469:ore
429:or
361:or
357:or
288:or
274:or
258:or
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