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The
Japanese are first recorded reaching Iturup in 1661, when Shichirobei and his company drifted there by accident. Following Bering and Spanberg's voyages under the Russian flag, a settlement was established in the late 18th century, prompting the Japanese to establish a garrison around 1800 at the
706:
In conclusion, several studies suggest that explosive volcanism in the middle Late
Holocene significantly affected the morphotectonic plan of the Vetrovoy Isthmus area, possibly contributing to the obstruction of the strait. The rise of the terrace surface during the middle Holocene may be related to
698:
Fieldwork conducted in 2017-2018 on the
Vetrovoy isthmus revealed volcanic-tectonic dislocations with a layer of beach material, suggesting the occurrence of at least two pyroclastic outbursts in the mid-Late Holocene. Georadar surveys complemented the manual drilling results, providing insights into
702:
The deposits of the
Vetrovoy Isthmus include volcanic-tectonic dislocations, pumice pyroclastics, aeolian-ash deposits and soil-tephra formations. The morphometric parameters of the basement terrace indicate an area elevation rate during the last phase of coastal marine accumulation that could reach
690:
A study by Afanas'ev et al. focuses on examining the existence of the strait separating the southern and northern parts of Iturup Island in the mid-late
Holocene from the perspective of coastal geomorphology. Late Pleistocene explosive volcanism is considered to have been more intense and prolonged
694:
The stratigraphy, genesis and chronology of the
Holocene deposits on Iturup Island are poorly studied, relying primarily on C14 dates from Kasatka Bay and Olga Bay. Three transgressive phases of sedimentation, comparable to the Atlantic, Subboreal and Sub-Atlantic periods, with a maximum sea level
686:
The formation of the subaerial
Vetrovoy isthmus is attributed to the accumulation of such material during powerful explosive caldera-forming eruptions in the shallow strait between neighbouring islands. The present geomorphological appearance of the isthmus is a consequence of subsequent wave and
682:
The development of the Kuril Island arc was significantly influenced by extensive caldera-forming volcanic eruptions during the Late Neo-Pleistocene-Holocene, which introduced large amounts of pumice-pyroclastic material and tephra into the wave processing zone. On Iturup Island, the formation of
1260:
Bazanova L I, Melekestsev I V, Ponomareva V V, Dirksen O V, Dirksen V G et al 2016 Late
Pleistocene and Holocene volcanic catastrophes in Kamchatka and in the Kuril Islands. Part 1. Types and classes of catastrophic eruptions as major components of volcanic catastrophism J. of volcanology and
707:
these volcanic events. The rate of uplift of the area during the last phase of coastal marine accumulation is thought to have been about 4 mm/year. However, there are currently no data on the age of the marine georadar facies identified as a result of research on the
Vetrovoy isthmus.
981:
aircraft. It also has a military use. The
Burevestnik military airfield 60 km (37 mi) to the south, in the past received civilian aircraft as well, but was often closed because of fog. Burevestnik is now a reserve airfield for the new airport. On February 2, 2018,
1064:
691:
than Early Holocene events, leading to the formation of pumice deposits in the Prostor Gulf of Iturup Island. Radiocarbon dating of the peat bog underlying the pumice-pyroclastic cover in the Vetrovoy Isthmus suggests events around 38,000-39,000 years ago.
912:. The Japanese inhabitants were expelled to mainland Japan. In 1956 the two countries agreed to restore diplomatic relations, but a peace treaty, as of 2024, has not been concluded due to the disputed status of Iturup and some other nearby islands.
892:, before 1945. It was the administrative capital of the Kuril islands. There was a village hospital, an Etorofu Fisheries factory, a radio tower of the post office with a radio receiving antenna. The receiver was battery-powered.
1241:
Afanas'ev V V, Dunaev N N, Gorbunov A O and Uba A V 2018 Manifestation of Calderaforming volcanism in the formation of the sea coast (on the example of Iturup island of the Large Kuril Arc) J. Processes in geoenvironments 3. 16
2272:
977:
miles) east of Kurilsk. It was the first airport built from scratch in Russia's post-Soviet history. It has a 2.3-kilometre-long (7,500 ft), 42-metre-wide (138 ft) runway and can receive
490:
occupied the southern Kurils and forcibly removed its Japanese residents. Japan continues to claim the islands and considers the northern edge of the island to be its own northernmost point.
836:) still continued to appear on European maps for decades afterward, however, and is now sometimes specifically conflated with Iturup despite its placement on most maps more closely matching
1270:
Korotky A M et al. 2000 Sedimentation and paleolandscapes of the late Pleistocene-Holocene of the basin of the Kurilka river (Iturup island, Kuril Islands) J. Pacific Geology 5. 19 61-77.
400:
152:
2210:
88:
1251:
Afanas'ev, V. V., et al. "Vetrovoy isthmus of Iturup island-holocene strait". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Sciences. Vol. 324. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2019.
2294:
482:
passed the area over the years but settlement varied between Russian and Japanese. The island was formally claimed as Japanese territory in 1855. Near the end of the
1674:
1468:
1052:
1288:
Bulgakov R F 1994 History of the southern islands of the Great Kuril Arc in the Pleistocene: autoref. Diss. of candidate of geogr. Sciences (Moscow: MSU) p 20.
1179:
Korzhinsky, M.A.; Tkachenko, S. I.; Shmulovich, K. I.; Taran, Y. A.; Steinberg, G. S. (5 May 2004). "Discovery of a pure rhenium mineral at Kudriavy volcano".
2739:
1080:
2724:
683:
four large collapse calderas during the Late Neo-Pleistocene-Holocene resulted in the release of about 450 km of predominantly dacite pyroclastics.
990:
aircraft landed on a reserve airfield on the island in March 2018 and Su-35s were then deployed to Iturup airport on a trial basis in August 2018.
1716:
1297:
Razzhigaeva N G and Ganzey L A 2006 Depositional environments of the island territories in the Pleistocene-Holocene (Vladivostok: Dalnauka) р 365.
1279:
Razzhigaeva N G and Ganzey L A 2006 Depositional environments of the island territories in the Pleistocene-Holocene (Vladivostok: Dalnauka) р 365.
2719:
794:, Iturup is sometimes said to have been the particular island intended in his account, but in fact his description of an enormous continental
2709:
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1074:). There is a village hospital in the front, a factory in the left back with a fishery and a central radio tower (before 1945).
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585:(1,634 m) in the central part of Iturup. The shores of the island are high and abrupt. The vegetation mostly consists of
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rise of up to 3.5 metres above the present level in the Atlantic, have been identified at the mouth of the Kurilka River.
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was intercepted over the Kurils and forced to land at Burevestnik with 214 American troops bound for
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Melekestsev I V et al. 2005 The newest and modern volcanism in Russia (Moscow: Nauka) p. 604.
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4 mm/year, slightly higher than the 3.5 m/year recorded during the last 6000 thousand years.
471:
between Iturup and Urup forms the Miyabe Line dividing the predominant plants of the Kurils.
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site of present-day Kurilsk. Japanese rule over Iturup was formally recognized in the 1855
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aeolian pyroclastic processing, leading to the formation of marine and lagoon terraces.
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1985:
1900:
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1405:, vol. 38, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 87–231 & 233–268,
978:
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44:
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volcano and first described in 2004. In the field it was originally mistaken for
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2010:
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1980:
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A history of geographical discovery in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
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The native inhabitants of the islands since at least the 14th century were the
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2483:
2080:
2025:
1965:
1895:
1885:
1819:
1804:
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617:
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volcanoes running NE to SW form the backbone of the island, the highest being
64:
544:, "Iturup Island"). Both the Russian and Japanese names come from the native
210:
197:
2020:
2005:
1940:
878:(now called Kasatka Bay), on the eastern shore of Iturup, and sailed for an
837:
758:
New and Accurate Description of Japan, the Land of Eso, and Adjacent Islands
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reported that Russia announced it was sending fighter planes to Iturup.
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2040:
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1920:
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1379:(in French), vol. 7, Paris: Librairie Hachette & Co., p.
1232:
Korsunskaya G V 1958 The Kurile Island Arc (Moscow: Geographgis) p 224.
940:
655:
652:
440:
17:
1595:"Japan Asks Russia to Reduce Militarization of Disputed Kuril Islands"
74:
2528:
2478:
2398:
2305:
2075:
1935:
1915:
1769:
1202:
772:
are first recorded visiting this part of the Kurils in 1643 when the
614:
586:
582:
570:
456:
424:
294:
272:
1086:
Rheniite crystals on a base of hardened lava, from Kudriavy Volcano
931:), is located on the island and was until 1993 home to a number of
2448:
2312:
1975:
1930:
1784:
855:
810:) bear no relation to anything in the area, a fact established by
739:
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590:
574:
452:
341:
315:
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1864:
1694:
791:
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1698:
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Japanese residents of Iturup at a Buddhist temple (before 1939)
1626:
1541:"PBS NewsHour full episode February 2, 2018 (Time Index 8:37)"
598:
1515:"New airport on Kuril Iturup Island receives first flight"
1144:. Foreign Affairs Association of Japan. 1956. p. 520.
526:, "Iturup Island"). It was previously known in English as
730:. They have lived there since at least the 14th century.
1424:Внешняя политика Японии: сентябрь 1939 г.-декабрь 1941 г
726:
The native inhabitants of all the Kuril islands are the
1331:
2211:
Japanese evacuation of Karafuto and the Kuril Islands
1622:"Report: Fighter jets deployed on Etorofu for trial"
1403:
The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America
818:
in a series of voyages in 1738, 1739, and 1742. The
2229:
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2145:
2109:
1873:
1732:
1369:De Saint-Martin, Vivien; et al., eds. (1895),
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348:
326:
314:
302:
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236:
226:
189:
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147:
35:
1440:"Sana, the administrative capital - 行政の首都 紗那（しゃな）"
1354:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
552:
1444:Chishima People's Magazine Study Group (千島庶民誌研究会)
1562:"Russian fighter jets land on disputed island"
1376:Nouveau Dictionnaire de Géographie Universelle
539:
467:37 km (23 mi) to its northeast. The
2288:
1710:
1058:Trees showing effect of prevailing wind, 1981
521:
463:19 km (12 mi) to its southwest and
8:
2389:Chyornye Bratya (Chirpoy and Brat Chirpoyev)
993:Administratively, the island belongs to the
30:
880:attack on the American base of Pearl Harbor
823:
773:
2295:
2281:
2273:
1717:
1703:
1695:
1480:Austin, Greg; Muraviev, Alexey D. (2000).
73:
29:
1655:"Nemuro raid survivor longs for homeland"
1392:
1390:
748:("Eso") and the imaginary continent of "
699:the geological features of the isthmus.
634:, the Iturup strawberry) or bare rocks.
1653:Takahara, Kanako (September 22, 2007).
1109:
1012:
900:In 1945, according to decisions of the
888:was located on Iturup (Etorofu) in the
1399:"The Early Cartography of the Pacific"
1593:Gady, Franz-Stefan (August 1, 2018).
1450:from the original on 10 November 2017
628:scrub, herbaceous flowers (including
240:3,139 km (1,212 sq mi)
7:
963:, was opened in 2014, 7 kilometres (
2221:Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A
1486:. London: I.B.Tauris. p. 244.
937:Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A
637:The island also contains some high
1483:The Armed Forces of Russia in Asia
25:
2184:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)
1686: (archived December 23, 2010)
1001:. Japan claims Iturup as part of
786:and the surrounding area for the
620:. The mountains are covered with
2311:
2304:
1570:. March 26, 2018. Archived from
1469:Takahara, "Nemuro raid survivor"
1079:
1063:
1051:
1039:
1027:
1015:
870:On 26 November 1941, a Japanese
662:), was discovered in active hot
334:
287:
124:
117:
94:
87:
58:
2725:Islands of the Russian Far East
2554:Ptichy Island (Shantar Islands)
2549:Ptichy Island (Kamchatka Krai)
449:ownership of which is disputed
419:), also historically known by
125:
95:
1:
2720:Islands of the Sea of Okhotsk
2624:Spafaryev, Ryabokon and Talan
2318:Islands of the Sea of Okhotsk
2199:Invasion of the Kuril Islands
1521:. Interfax. 22 September 2014
1332:De Saint-Martin et al. (1895)
1308:"The 17th and 18th Centuries"
1142:Contemporary Japan, Volume 24
959:A new international airport,
904:, Iturup was occupied by the
802:) and a large and prosperous
557:), meaning "island with many
2740:Japan–Soviet Union relations
2710:Islands of the Kuril Islands
569:Iturup consists of volcanic
27:Largest of the Kuril Islands
2110:Other geographical features
1397:Wroth, Lawrence C. (1944),
790:(VOC). As with neighboring
443:, administrative center of
264:1,634 m (5361 ft)
2756:
2179:Menashi–Kunashir rebellion
1070:Shana Village in Etorofu (
863:
762:
719:
553:
420:
67:image of Iturup (May 2023)
48:
2324:
2262:Maarten Gerritszoon Vries
540:
522:
416:
408:
389:
331:
283:
256:27 km (16.8 mi)
248:200 km (120 mi)
168:
160:
81:
72:
57:
2735:Disputed islands of Asia
2634:Trety, Krayny and Vtoroy
2242:William Robert Broughton
1348:Heawood, Edward (1912).
908:after Japan's defeat in
788:Dutch East India Company
744:"Staten Eylant" between
500:The modern English name
459:. It is located between
2122:Ilya Muromets Waterfall
1118:"Ostrov Iturup: Russia"
935:fighter jets. In 1968,
933:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
917:Soviet Anti-Air Defense
2137:Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
861:
833:
824:
780:Maarten Gerritsz Vries
774:
760:
577:. A series of a dozen
261:Highest elevation
2344:Baydukov and Belyakov
2216:Kuril Islands dispute
1261:seismology 3. 151-69.
1098:Kuril Islands dispute
943:. An older airfield,
859:
743:
1156:"Etorofu-tō: Russia"
1003:Nemuro Subprefecture
631:Fragaria iturupensis
2730:Islands of Hokkaido
1658:(Newspaper article)
1195:1994Natur.369...51K
1022:Volcanoes of Iturup
955:Contemporary period
626:Siberian Dwarf Pine
437:North Pacific Ocean
207: /
32:
2189:Russo-Japanese War
2101:Zavaritski Caldera
1956:Goryashchaya Sopka
1946:Golets-Torny Group
1567:Xinhua News Agency
1446:. 6 October 2016.
1426:– 1959, page 246
1160:Geographical Names
1122:Geographical Names
999:Russian Federation
862:
761:
480:European explorers
269:Highest point
211:45.033°N 147.617°E
138:Show map of Russia
2692:
2691:
2589:Sakharnaya Golova
2270:
2269:
2204:Battle of Shumshu
2071:Tao-Rusyr Caldera
1740:Antsiferov Island
1574:on August 5, 2018
979:Antonov An-74-200
896:Post-World War II
846:Treaty of Shimoda
806:(named after the
798:(named after the
603:deciduous forests
445:Kurilsky District
429:Kuril Archipelago
393:
392:
108:Show map of Japan
16:(Redirected from
2747:
2715:Southern Kuriles
2454:Khalpili Islands
2316:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2274:
2194:Hawaii Operation
2146:Cities and towns
2096:Vernadskii Ridge
1719:
1712:
1705:
1696:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1659:
1640:
1639:
1637:
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1630:. August 4, 2018
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1383:
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1310:. Archived from
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919:(PVO) airfield,
902:Yalta Conference
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777:
678:Vetrovoy isthmus
556:
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543:
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484:Second World War
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21:
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2748:
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2745:
2744:
2695:
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2693:
2688:
2594:Shantar Islands
2569:Rechnaya Matuga
2509:Morskaya Matuga
2439:Kamen Opasnosti
2369:Chastye Islands
2359:Bolshoy Shantar
2320:
2310:
2303:
2301:
2271:
2266:
2247:Vasily Golovnin
2225:
2167:
2141:
2105:
2016:Milna (volcano)
1996:Lomonosov Group
1971:Karpinsky Group
1869:
1825:Polonsky Island
1800:Lowuschki Rocks
1795:Kunashir Island
1775:Habomai Islands
1765:Chyornye Bratya
1728:
1723:
1690:Sakhalin Oblast
1684:Wayback Machine
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1189:(6475): 51–52.
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961:Iturup Airport
956:
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864:Main article:
853:
850:
834:Isle des États
814:'s lieutenant
808:States General
782:was exploring
763:Main article:
754:Jan Janssonius
750:Companies Land
737:
734:
720:Main article:
717:
714:
712:
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641:, such as the
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523:Остров Итуру́п
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2132:Cape Koritsky
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2117:Bussol Strait
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2019:
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1519:Russia Beyond
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1493:9781860644856
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1314:on 2008-03-25
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1034:Kurilsk, 1981
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886:Shana Village
883:
881:
877:
876:Hitokappu Bay
873:
867:
858:
851:
849:
847:
841:
839:
835:
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826:
825:Staten Eyland
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
804:Staten Island
801:
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643:Ilya Muromets
640:
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584:
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579:calc-alkaline
576:
573:and mountain
572:
564:
562:
560:
550:
547:
537:
533:
529:
519:
518:Ostrov Iturúp
515:
511:
510:romanizations
507:
503:
495:
493:
491:
489:
486:in 1945, the
485:
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397:
388:
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362:Subprefecture
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231:Kuril Islands
229:
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178:
173:
166:
158:
154:
150:
146:
120:
90:
80:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
46:
41:Native name:
38:
34:
19:
2579:Rovny Island
2489:Maly Shantar
2429:Ivyinichaman
2423:
2339:Banka Zotova
2001:Lvinaya Past
1961:Grozny Group
1779:
1665:. Retrieved
1632:. Retrieved
1625:
1616:
1604:. Retrieved
1600:The Diplomat
1598:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1572:the original
1565:
1556:
1544:. Retrieved
1535:
1523:. Retrieved
1518:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1482:
1475:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1443:
1434:
1428:(in Russian)
1419:
1402:
1375:
1364:
1350:
1343:
1327:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:the original
1302:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1256:
1247:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1163:. Retrieved
1159:
1150:
1141:
1136:
1125:. Retrieved
1121:
1112:
1072:Shōwa period
1046:Iturup, 1981
992:
984:PBS NewsHour
958:
949:World War II
929:storm-petrel
914:
910:World War II
906:Soviet Union
899:
884:
869:
866:Showa period
852:Showa period
842:
812:Vitus Bering
796:Company Land
768:
757:
732:
725:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
658:mineral (ReS
647:
636:
629:
601:, and mixed
568:
549:Etuworop-sir
548:
535:
527:
517:
505:
504:and earlier
501:
499:
492:
488:Soviet Union
473:
469:Vries Strait
395:
394:
381:7,500 (2003)
373:Demographics
285:
2674:Yengalychev
2669:Yam Islands
2604:Shiashkotan
2459:Kharimkotan
2394:Dobrzhansky
2379:Chirinkotan
2237:Ainu people
2127:Kasatka Bay
2011:Mendeleyeva
1991:Kuntomintar
1981:Kharimkotan
1911:Chirinkotan
1906:Chikurachki
1840:Shiashkotan
1790:Kharimkotan
1760:Chirinkotan
1675:Google Maps
1662:Japan Times
921:Burevestnik
874:fleet left
722:Ainu people
672:molybdenite
421:other names
227:Archipelago
214: /
190:Coordinates
148:Other names
2699:Categories
2544:Prokofyeva
2534:Paramushir
2484:Makanrushi
2404:Feklistova
2329:Antsiferov
2081:Tri Sestry
2026:Prevo Peak
1966:Ivao Group
1896:Berutarube
1886:Atsonupuri
1820:Paramushir
1805:Makanrushi
1667:2008-02-01
1546:26 October
1454:20 January
1334:, p.
1318:2008-03-25
1165:2014-02-24
1127:2014-02-24
1104:References
765:Edo period
736:Edo period
716:Prehistory
639:waterfalls
618:underbrush
613:and Kuril
536:Etorofu-tō
478:. Various
378:Population
350:Prefecture
327:Claimed by
65:Sentinel-2
2504:Menshikov
2409:Glinyanyy
2021:Nemo Peak
2006:Medvezhya
1941:Fuss Peak
1874:Volcanoes
1634:August 5,
1606:August 5,
1578:August 5,
890:Showa era
838:Kunashiri
775:Castricum
770:Europeans
664:fumaroles
565:Geography
554:エツ゚ヲロㇷ゚シㇼ
530:from the
461:Kunashiri
435:from the
401:‹See Tfd›
175:Geography
153:‹See Tfd›
49:エツ゚ヲロㇷ゚シㇼ
2684:Zubchaty
2679:Zavyalov
2659:Ushishir
2614:Simushir
2599:Shelikan
2584:Sakhalin
2524:Onekotan
2514:Nansikan
2499:Medvezhy
2469:Kunashir
2414:Hokkaido
2364:Broutona
2091:Ushishur
2051:Shirinki
1951:Golovnin
1891:Baransky
1860:Ushishir
1855:Simushir
1845:Shikotan
1815:Onekotan
1755:Broutona
1448:Archived
1411:24301919
1092:See also
945:Vetrovoe
784:Hokkaido
756:'s 1654
746:Hokkaido
668:Kudriavy
649:Rheniite
532:Japanese
451:between
423:, is an
413:Japanese
355:Hokkaido
321:Kurilsky
316:District
202:147°37′E
180:Location
165:Japanese
2639:Tyuleny
2609:Shumshu
2574:Reyneke
2564:Rasshua
2559:Raikoke
2539:Pilamif
2444:Kekurny
2384:Chkalov
2349:Belichy
2334:Atlasov
2153:Kurilsk
2086:Uratman
2066:Srednii
2061:Smirnov
2056:Sinarka
2041:Rudakov
2036:Rasshua
2031:Raikoke
1921:Chirpoi
1850:Shumshu
1835:Rasshua
1830:Raikoke
1733:Islands
1682:at the
1525:16 June
1499:16 June
1381:441–445
1336:444–445
1242:990-98.
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711:History
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653:rhenium
571:massifs
514:Russian
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427:in the
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