554:
302:
367:
49:
566:
671:
384:
have minute pits, especially well distributed in males. These scales with micropores have glandular structures in the underlying dermal tissue and produce a secretion which may be a pheromone-like substance. Like other monitors, Bengal monitors have a forked tongue similar to snakes. The function is mainly sensory, and is not very involved in the transport of food down the throat. Bengal monitors have fat deposits in the tail and body that serve them in conditions when prey are not easily available.
545:. The main breeding season is June to September, but males begin to show combat behaviour by April. Females dig a nest hole in level ground or a vertical bank and lay the eggs inside, filling it up and using their snouts to compact the soil. The females often dig false nests nearby and shovel soil around the area. They sometimes make use of a termite mound to nest. A single clutch of about 20 eggs are laid. The eggs hatch in 168 to nearly as long as 254 days. About 40-80% of the eggs may hatch.
616:
408:
122:
310:
590:
80:
356:
598:
larvae followed by orthopterans, but also maggots, caterpillars, centipedes, scorpions, crabs, crayfish, snails, termites, ants, and earwigs. Larger individuals in addition to invertebrates also eat a large amount of vertebrate prey, including toads and frogs and their eggs, fish, lizards, snakes, rats, squirrels, hares, musk shrews, and birds. Hares and rodents such as
391:. This allows for a greater rate of gas exchange and allows a faster metabolic rate and higher activity levels. Like all monitors, they have subpleurodont teeth, meaning the teeth are fused to the inside of the jaw bones. The teeth are placed one behind another, and there are replacement teeth behind and between each functional tooth (
763:
650:, are frequently trafficked and illegally sold in India and online under the deceptive term 'Hatha Jodi', where it is claimed to be the root of a supposed rare Himalayan plant in order to fool buyers and retailers, and to disguise the trade from wildlife authorities. Sellers advertise 'Hatha Jodi' as having the
395:). The maxillary and dentary teeth are laterally compressed, sometimes with a slightly serrate cutting edge, while the premaxillary teeth are conical. There are 78 premaxillary teeth, 10 maxillary and 13 dentary teeth. Replacement teeth move forward and about four replacements happens each year for a tooth.
383:
Bengal monitors have external nostril openings (nares) that is slit-like and oriented near horizontal, and positions between the eye and the tip of the snout. The nares can be closed at will, especially to keep away debris or water. The scales of the skin are rougher in patches and on the sides, they
379:
Young monitor lizards are more colourful than adults. Young have a series of dark crossbars on the neck, throat and back. The belly is white, banded with dark crossbars and are spotted with grey or yellow (particularly in the eastern part of the range). On the dorsal surface of young monitors, there
774:
In Sri Lanka, the Asian water monitor is considered venomous and dangerous when confronted, while the Bengal monitor (Thalagoya) is considered harmless and rather defenseless. Land monitor meat is considered edible (especially by indigenous Veddah and Rodiya people) while water monitor meat is not.
580:
They are capable of rapid movement on the ground. Small individuals may climb trees to escape, but larger ones prefer to escape on the ground. They can climb well. On the ground, they sometimes stand on the hind legs to get a better view or when males fight other males. They can also swim well and
514:
are sympatric but are partially separated by their habitat as Bengal monitors prefers forest over agricultural areas. Bengal monitors shelter in burrows they dig or crevices in rocks and buildings, whilst clouded monitors prefer tree hollows. Both species will make use of abandoned termite mounds.
380:
are a series of yellow spots with dark transverse bars connecting them. As they mature, the ground colour becomes light brown or grey, and dark spots give them a speckled appearance. Clouded monitor hatchlings by comparison tend to have a series of backward-pointing, V-shaped bands on their necks.
758:
in Sri Lanka. Folk mythology across the region includes the idea that these lizards, though actually harmless, are venomous, and in
Rajasthan, the locals believe that the lizards become venomous only during the rainy season. Monitor lizards are hunted, and their body fat, extracted by boiling, is
597:
Bengal monitors tend to remain active the whole day. Large adults may ascend vertical tree trunks, where they sometimes stalk and capture roosting bats. The species is a generalist, and feeds on a varied diet of invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrate prey mostly consists of beetles and their
398:
While all monitor lizards are now placed in a clade called the
Toxicofera which are known to possess venom glands, there are no reports of the effects of venom in Bengal monitors other than a very controversial case report of fatal renal failure as a result of envenomation from this species.
519:
like other monitors, becoming active around 6 AM and bask in the morning sun. During winter in the colder parts of their range, they may take shelter and go through a period of reduced metabolic activity. They are not territorial, and may change their range seasonally in response to food
831:
Cota, M.; Stuart, B.L.; Grismer, L.; Quah, E.; Panitvong, N.; Neang, T.; Nguyen, N.S.; Wogan, G.; Lwin, K.; Srinivasulu, C.; Srinivasulu, B.; Vijayakumar, S.P.; Ramesh, M.; Ganesan, S.R.; Madala, M.; Sreekar, R.; Rao, D.-Q.; Thakur, S.; Mohapatra, P. & Vyas, R. (2021).
631: ; the wild population is decreasing as it is hunted for both consumption and medicinal purposes as well as for the skin. As it is adaptable to a range of habitats, the threat of habitat degradation is relatively less prominent and is superseded by the threat of
602:
are often caught by digging them out of their nests. Diet may differ based on season and locality, for example, they often forage for fish and aquatic insects in streams during the summer, and individuals in Andhra
Pradesh eat mostly frogs and toads.
325:
The Bengal monitor can reach 175 cm with a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 75 cm (30 in) and a tail of 100 cm (39 in). Males are generally larger than females. Heavy individuals may weigh nearly 7.2 kg (16 lb).
346:
is found to the east. Clouded monitors can be differentiated by the presence of a series of enlarged scales in the supraocular region. The number of ventral scales varies, decreasing from 108 in the west to 75 in the east (Java).
606:
Bengal monitors will also scavenge carrion, and sometimes congregate when feeding on large carcasses such as that of deer. In areas where livestock are common, they often seek out dung to forage for beetles and other insects.
1123:
Ghimire, H. R. & Shah, K. B. (2014). Status and habitat ecology of the Yellow
Monitor, Varanus flavescens, in the Southeastern part of Kanchanpur District, Nepal. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 9(2), 387-393.
329:
The populations of monitors in India and Sri Lanka differ in the scalation from those of
Myanmar; these populations were once considered subspecies of the Bengal monitor, but are now considered two species within the
497:
The species is mainly distributed through lower elevations below an altitude of 1500 metres, and is found both in dry semiarid desert habitats to moist forest. They are often found in agricultural areas.
419:
The species ranges from Iran to Java, among the most widely distributed of monitor lizards as they are eurytopic and adaptable to a range of habitats. It is found in river valleys in eastern
2569:
529:
Captives have been known to live for nearly 22 years. Predators of adults include pythons, mammalian predators and birds. A number of ectoparasites and endoparasites are recorded.
654:
power to bring wealth, power and contentment. A pair of hemipenes may sell at a value of up to US$ 250. In India, the body oil of monitor lizards is sold for thousands of
523:
They are usually shy and avoid humans. They have keen eyesight and can detect human movement nearly 250 m away. When caught, a few individuals may bite, but rarely do so.
1353:
553:
2690:
2460:
1300:
D'Cruze, N.; Singh, B.; Mookerjee, A.; Macdonald, D.W.; Hunter, K.; Brassey, C.A.; Rowntree, J.; Megson, S.; Megson, D.; Fox, G.; Louies, J.; Sharath, R.S. (2018).
2605:
2499:
526:
Although they are found on agricultural land, they prefer forests with large trees. Generally, high ground cover with large trees are favorable areas.
301:
537:
Females may be able to retain sperm, and females held in confinement have been able to lay fertile eggs. Some species of monitor lizards such as the
2434:
366:
48:
2473:
775:
Killing a land monitor is usually considered a cowardly act, and is frequently referred to folklore along with other harmless reptiles such as
2525:
1477:
1953:
1632:
2685:
1827:
1509:
1444:
1333:
Bhattacharya, S.; Koch, A. (2018). "Hatha Jodi: An
Illegal Trade of Misused Scientific Facts or Blindfolded Myths and Beliefs?".
683:
1572:. In Advances in Herpetology and Evolutionary Biology: Essays in Honor of Ernest E. Williams (Rhodin & Myata eds.): 535–551.
565:
121:
2635:
1368:
635:, as pesticides reduce the availability of prey. In Iran, it is also sometimes killed due to being seen as a dangerous threat.
2675:
2630:
2478:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2640:
2695:
2670:
2141:
1935:
2625:
2620:
2053:
2504:
1589:, in the Southeastern part of Kanchanpur District, Nepal. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 9(2), 387–393.
506:
Bengal monitors are usually solitary and usually found on the ground, although the young are often seen on trees.
2680:
2645:
1926:
2615:
2136:
1716:
1625:
1354:"Activity budgets and habitat preference of land monitor, Thalagoya Varanus bengalensis in a residential area"
2389:
2146:
670:
624:
314:
2351:
2107:
2035:
2026:
1972:
1890:
1767:
632:
2551:
1734:
1725:
1707:
1269:
Rahman K. M. M.; Rakhimov, I. I. (2015). "Habitat preference and feeding ecology of the Bengal monitor (
412:
228:
2421:
2062:
1872:
1863:
1809:
1033:
675:
599:
2244:
1990:
1836:
1791:
1618:
1590:
1125:
856:
647:
615:
290:
69:
31:
1411:
Sri Lankan
Lizards: kabaragoyas & Thalagoyas The concise guide to the Anglo-Sri Lankan lexicon
407:
1845:
1800:
1540:
998:
254:
116:
2556:
2465:
2318:
1430:
1073:
888:
2538:
2398:
2201:
2071:
2044:
1881:
1505:
1497:
1473:
1051:
990:
2610:
2564:
2543:
2491:
2089:
1917:
1532:
1313:
1282:
1085:
1041:
980:
851:
793:
The Bengal monitor's belly skin has traditionally been used in making the drum head for the
739:
581:
can stay submerged for at least 17 minutes. They can use both trees and bushes for shelter.
1585:
Ghimire, H. R. & Shah, K. B. (2014). Status and habitat ecology of the Yellow
Monitor,
2512:
2208:
2185:
2017:
1963:
787:
542:
507:
491:
455:
339:
84:
1037:
2098:
1999:
1854:
1782:
1089:
643:
511:
286:
193:
309:
2599:
2486:
2194:
2116:
1899:
1605:
1016:
Fry, B.G.; Casewell, N.R.; Wüster, W.; Vidal, N.; Young, B.; Jackson, T.N.W. (2012).
842:
833:
735:
628:
490:. They have not been confirmed on Sumatra, and have been found to be absent from the
487:
89:
1002:
589:
2403:
2311:
2290:
2262:
2008:
1944:
1908:
1743:
1177:
776:
655:
538:
392:
1046:
1017:
985:
968:
1595:
Mertens, R. 1942. Ein weiterer neuer Warane aus
Australien. Zool. Anz. 137: 41-44
1467:
2582:
2447:
2383:
2304:
2297:
2276:
2269:
2080:
1758:
751:
727:
424:
60:
1414:
355:
1686:
1641:
1582:
Auffenberg, W. 1986. The Indian monitor lizard. Sanctuary Asia. 6 (4):327-333.
1318:
1301:
723:
659:
516:
444:
2374:
1286:
2283:
2227:
2219:
1699:
707:
639:
436:
205:
183:
133:
1055:
994:
2517:
2368:
1981:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1551:
Auffenberg, W. 1979 Research on monitor lizards. Tiger Paper 6(4): 20–21.
790:
who supposedly scaled a fort wall using a monitor lizard tied to a rope.
475:
471:
467:
440:
173:
153:
2413:
1519:
Auffenberg, W. (1979). "Intersexual differences in behaviour of captive
2439:
2325:
1544:
1302:"What's in a name? Wildlife traders evade authorities using code words"
795:
479:
463:
459:
163:
56:
17:
2452:
2237:
2169:
1653:
1074:"Ecological and evolutionary implications of diet in monitor lizards"
651:
388:
245:
143:
2345:
1536:
510:
by contrast have a greater propensity for tree climbing. Bengal and
762:
2577:
761:
743:
687:
669:
614:
588:
448:
432:
428:
406:
318:
308:
300:
106:
100:
2530:
889:"Checklist of the living lizards of the world (family Varanidae)"
1591:
http://www.herpconbio.org/Volume_9/Issue_2/Ghimire_Shah_2014.pdf
1126:
http://www.herpconbio.org/Volume_9/Issue_2/Ghimire_Shah_2014.pdf
483:
420:
2426:
2349:
2167:
1684:
1614:
969:"Reply to Vikrant and Verma about "Monitor Lizard Envenoming""
1610:
1431:
http://roar.lk/environment-wildlife/thalagoya-vs-kabaragoya/
1171:
1169:
1352:
Abayaratna, M.G.T.H; Mahaulpatha, W.A. Dharshani (2006).
786:
claims that the name is derived from a legendary founder
334:
species complex. What was once the nominate subspecies,
803:
658:
to residents in metropolitan cities as a treatment for
1178:"Impacts of community forestry on the Bengal monitor,
1018:"The structural and functional diversification of the
387:
The lungs have spongy tissue unlike the sacs of other
717:
711:
2182:
293:, as well as parts of Southeast Asia and West Asia.
2358:
2254:
2218:
2181:
2129:
1780:
1756:
1698:
1575:Auffenberg, W. 1983 Notes on feeding behaviour of
682:The Bengal monitor is listed on Schedule I of the
1119:
1117:
1472:. Pelican Creations International. p. 323.
541:have additionally demonstrated to be capable of
1182:(Daudin, 1802): an empirical study from Nepal"
857:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T164579A1058949.en
1626:
1449:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
8:
1504:. University Press of Florida. p. 494.
1415:http://www.lankalibrary.com/wlife/kabara.htm
1568:Auffenberg, W. 1983 Courtship behaviour in
674:Injured Bengal monitor being nursed at the
2346:
2178:
2164:
1695:
1681:
1633:
1619:
1611:
305:Juveniles are patterned and more colourful
78:
47:
38:
1606:The online Little Book of Monitor Lizards
1317:
1078:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1045:
984:
855:
1554:Auffenberg, W. 1981 Combat behaviour in
623:The Bengal monitor has been assessed as
812:
759:used in a wide range of folk remedies.
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
816:
338:, is found west of Myanmar, while the
2606:IUCN Red List near threatened species
1067:
1065:
7:
1954:Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor
1828:Black-spotted ridge-tailed monitor (
1565:. Rec. Zool. Surv. India 80:375-385.
1523:(Reptilia, Lacertilia, Varanidae)".
967:White, J.; Weinstein, S. A. (2015).
2691:Taxa named by François Marie Daudin
1579:. J. Bombay N.H.S. 80 (2): 286–302.
1561:Auffenberg, W. 1983 The burrows of
1176:Ghimire, H. R.; Phuyal, S. (2013).
843:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
642:of Bengal monitors, and less often
1090:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1988.tb00477.x
1072:Losos, J.B.; Greene, H.W. (1988).
25:
454:The closely related species, the
684:Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
564:
552:
365:
354:
120:
1558:. J.Bombay N.H.S. 78(1):54-72.
1275:International Research Journal
1:
1047:10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.02.013
986:10.3109/0886022X.2015.1006116
782:A clan in Maharashtra called
766:Comparison to water monitor (
2054:Short-tailed pygmy monitor (
1361:Vidyodaya Journal of Science
718:
712:
2712:
2686:Reptiles described in 1802
1936:Mitchell's water monitor (
1726:Rio Fuerte beaded lizard (
1717:Guatemalan beaded lizard (
1401:Auffenberg (1994):appendix
1273:) in Natore, Bangladesh".
896:Zoologische Verhandelingen
289:distributed widely in the
29:
2177:
2163:
1694:
1680:
1648:
1319:10.1017/S0030605317001788
1223:Auffenberg (1994):230-247
1136:Auffenberg (1994):138-145
1111:Auffenberg (1994):103-118
260:
253:
234:
227:
117:Scientific classification
115:
98:
76:
67:
55:
46:
41:
2108:Yellow-spotted monitor (
1973:Peach-throated monitor (
1927:Merten's water monitor (
1891:Kimberely rock monitor (
1768:Earless monitor lizard (
1427:Thalagoya Vs. Kabaragoya
1287:10.18454/IRJ.2015.42.212
619:Bengal monitor roadkill.
403:Distribution and habitat
30:Not to be confused with
2027:Rennel Island monitor (
1735:Mexican beaded lizard (
1708:Chiapan beaded lizard (
1469:National parks of India
1417:(Accessed: 29.10.2016.)
877:Auffenberg (1994):14-15
698:The lizard is known as
315:Kaziranga National Park
2636:Reptiles of Bangladesh
2063:Spiny-tailed monitor (
1873:Emerald tree monitor (
1810:Black-headed monitor (
1525:Journal of Herpetology
771:
679:
633:agricultural pollution
620:
594:
416:
322:
306:
263:Tupinambis bengalensis
2676:Reptiles of Indonesia
2631:Reptiles of Sri Lanka
2552:Paleobiology Database
2036:Rosenberg's monitor (
1991:Pygmy mulga monitor (
1837:Blue-tailed monitor (
1792:Asian water monitor (
1443:Vidal, G. W. (1888).
1433:(Accessed 29.10.2016)
1413:by Richard Boyle, at
1367:: 127. Archived from
1259:Auffenberg (1994):349
1250:Auffenberg (1994):267
1241:Auffenberg (1994):185
1232:Auffenberg (1994):183
1214:Auffenberg (1994):221
1205:Auffenberg (1994):180
1163:Auffenberg (1994):182
1154:Auffenberg (1994):175
1145:Auffenberg (1994):147
1022:reptile venom system"
850:: e.T164579A1058949.
765:
686:and on Appendix I of
673:
618:
600:Lesser bandicoot rats
592:
502:Ecology and behaviour
458:, occurs in southern
413:Bundala National Park
410:
372:Showing forked tongue
312:
304:
2666:Reptiles of Malaysia
2661:Reptiles of Thailand
2656:Reptiles of Cambodia
1801:Black tree monitor (
1466:Khati, A.S. (1998).
1429:by Maryam Azwer, at
1392:Auffenberg (1994):58
1281:(42 Part 3): 96–98.
1102:Auffenberg (1994):86
957:Auffenberg (1994):51
948:Auffenberg (1994):50
939:Auffenberg (1994):36
930:Auffenberg (1994):22
921:Auffenberg (1994):39
912:Auffenberg (1994):24
676:Lok Biradari Prakalp
515:Bengal monitors are
2651:Reptiles of Vietnam
2641:Reptiles of Myanmar
2390:Varanus bengalensis
2360:Varanus bengalensis
2245:Varanus amnhophilis
2072:Turquoise monitor (
2045:Roughneck monitor (
1864:Dumeril's monitor (
1846:Crocodile monitor (
1577:Varanus bengalensis
1570:Varanus bengalensis
1563:Varanus bengalensis
1556:Varanus bengalensis
1521:Varanus bengalensis
1271:Varanus bengalensis
1180:Varanus bengalensis
1038:2012Txcn...60..434F
836:Varanus bengalensis
638:The dried and dyed
291:Indian subcontinent
281:), also called the
278:Varanus bengalensis
238:Varanus bengalensis
220:V. bengalensis
70:Conservation status
32:Asian water monitor
2696:Reptiles of Borneo
2671:Reptiles of Brunei
2142:Cretaceous lizards
2130:Related categories
2090:Savannah monitor (
1918:Mangrove monitor (
1587:Varanus flavescens
1502:The Bengal Monitor
887:Böhme, W. (2003).
772:
702:in western India,
680:
621:
595:
417:
323:
307:
285:, is a species of
2626:Reptiles of Nepal
2621:Reptiles of India
2593:
2592:
2539:Open Tree of Life
2352:Taxon identifiers
2343:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2092:V. exanthematicus
2018:Pilbara monitor (
1964:Peacock monitor (
1719:H. charlesbogerti
1479:978-81-86738-00-9
340:clouded monitor (
269:
268:
110:
93:
27:Species of lizard
16:(Redirected from
2703:
2681:Reptiles of Iran
2646:Reptiles of Laos
2586:
2585:
2573:
2572:
2560:
2559:
2547:
2546:
2534:
2533:
2521:
2520:
2508:
2507:
2495:
2494:
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2481:
2469:
2468:
2456:
2455:
2443:
2442:
2430:
2429:
2417:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2347:
2184:
2179:
2165:
2099:Yellow monitor (
2074:V. caerulivirens
2000:Quince monitor (
1882:Gray's monitor (
1855:Desert monitor (
1819:Bengal monitor (
1696:
1682:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1612:
1548:
1515:
1484:
1483:
1463:
1457:
1456:
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1434:
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1418:
1408:
1402:
1399:
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1224:
1221:
1215:
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1206:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1186:
1173:
1164:
1161:
1155:
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1143:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1121:
1112:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1013:
1007:
1006:
988:
964:
958:
955:
949:
946:
940:
937:
931:
928:
922:
919:
913:
910:
904:
903:
893:
884:
878:
875:
869:
868:
866:
864:
859:
828:
768:Varanus salvator
740:Punjab, Pakistan
721:
715:
568:
556:
508:Clouded monitors
369:
358:
240:
125:
124:
104:
87:
82:
81:
51:
39:
21:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2616:Lizards of Asia
2596:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2581:
2576:
2568:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2542:
2537:
2529:
2524:
2516:
2513:Observation.org
2511:
2503:
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2402:
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2331:
2250:
2230:Varanus priscus
2214:
2209:Paranecrosaurus
2186:Palaeovaranidae
2173:
2151:
2137:Monitor lizards
2125:
2117:Yemen monitor (
1900:Komodo dragon (
1776:
1752:
1690:
1676:
1644:
1639:
1602:
1537:10.2307/1563325
1518:
1512:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1445:"The Bis Cobra"
1442:
1441:
1437:
1425:
1421:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1374:on 3 April 2015
1371:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1122:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1015:
1014:
1010:
966:
965:
961:
956:
952:
947:
943:
938:
934:
929:
925:
920:
916:
911:
907:
891:
886:
885:
881:
876:
872:
862:
860:
830:
829:
814:
809:
788:Tanaji Malusare
696:
668:
613:
587:
578:
573:
572:
571:
570:
569:
561:
560:
557:
543:parthenogenesis
535:
512:yellow monitors
504:
492:Andaman Islands
456:clouded monitor
405:
377:
376:
375:
374:
373:
370:
361:
360:
359:
299:
249:
242:
236:
223:
119:
111:
94:
85:Near Threatened
83:
79:
72:
42:Bengal monitor
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2709:
2707:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2574:
2561:
2548:
2535:
2522:
2509:
2496:
2483:
2470:
2457:
2444:
2431:
2418:
2408:
2395:
2380:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2224:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2190:
2188:
2175:
2174:
2168:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2147:Helodermatidae
2144:
2139:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2056:V. brevicauda
2051:
2042:
2038:V. rosenbergi
2033:
2029:V. juxtindicus
2024:
2015:
2011:V. albigularis
2009:Rock monitor (
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1966:V. auffenbergi
1961:
1951:
1945:Nile monitor (
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1909:Lace monitor (
1906:
1902:V. komodoensis
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1821:V. bengalensis
1816:
1807:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1744:Gila monster (
1741:
1732:
1728:H. exasperatum
1723:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1700:Helodermatidae
1692:
1691:
1685:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1601:
1600:External links
1598:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1583:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1549:
1531:(3): 313–315.
1516:
1510:
1498:Auffenberg, W.
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1478:
1458:
1435:
1419:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1344:
1325:
1292:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1084:(4): 379–407.
1061:
1032:(4): 434–448.
1008:
979:(4): 740–741.
959:
950:
941:
932:
923:
914:
905:
879:
870:
811:
810:
808:
805:
695:
692:
667:
664:
648:water monitors
612:
609:
586:
583:
577:
574:
563:
562:
559:Climbing trees
558:
551:
550:
549:
548:
547:
534:
531:
520:availability.
503:
500:
404:
401:
371:
364:
363:
362:
353:
352:
351:
350:
349:
336:V. bengalensis
332:V. bengalensis
298:
295:
287:monitor lizard
283:Indian monitor
273:Bengal monitor
267:
266:
258:
257:
251:
250:
243:
232:
231:
225:
224:
217:
215:
211:
210:
203:
199:
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177:
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137:
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131:
127:
126:
113:
112:
99:
96:
95:
77:
74:
73:
68:
65:
64:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2708:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2195:Palaeovaranus
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2119:V. yemenensis
2115:
2113:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2101:V. flavescens
2097:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2081:Sand goanna (
2079:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2065:V. acanthurus
2061:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2047:V. rudicollis
2043:
2041:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1848:V. salvadorii
1844:
1842:
1840:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1770:L. borneensis
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1511:0-8130-1295-3
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1481:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1329:
1326:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1265:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1220:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1181:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
982:
978:
974:
973:Renal Failure
970:
963:
960:
954:
951:
945:
942:
936:
933:
927:
924:
918:
915:
909:
906:
901:
897:
890:
883:
880:
874:
871:
858:
853:
849:
845:
844:
839:
837:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
813:
806:
804:
802:
798:
797:
791:
789:
785:
780:
779:(Garandiya).
778:
769:
764:
760:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
736:Punjab, India
733:
729:
725:
720:
714:
709:
705:
701:
693:
691:
689:
685:
677:
672:
665:
663:
661:
657:
656:Indian rupees
653:
649:
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
629:IUCN Red List
626:
625:Least Concern
617:
610:
608:
604:
601:
591:
584:
582:
575:
567:
555:
546:
544:
540:
532:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
513:
509:
501:
499:
495:
493:
489:
488:Sunda Islands
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
415:, Sri Lanka.
414:
409:
402:
400:
396:
394:
390:
385:
381:
368:
357:
348:
345:
343:
337:
333:
327:
320:
316:
311:
303:
296:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
279:
274:
265:
264:
259:
256:
252:
247:
241:
239:
233:
230:
229:Binomial name
226:
222:
221:
216:
213:
212:
209:
208:
204:
201:
200:
197:
196:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
123:
118:
114:
108:
102:
97:
91:
86:
75:
71:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2359:
2324:
2317:
2312:Palaeosaniwa
2310:
2303:
2296:
2291:Morohasaurus
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2263:Arcanosaurus
2261:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2118:
2109:
2100:
2091:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2055:
2046:
2037:
2028:
2019:
2010:
2001:
1992:
1984:V. giganteus
1983:
1975:V. jobiensis
1974:
1965:
1957:
1947:V. niloticus
1946:
1938:V. mitchelli
1937:
1928:
1919:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1884:V. olivaceus
1883:
1874:
1866:V. dumerilii
1865:
1856:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1818:
1811:
1802:
1793:
1781:
1769:
1757:
1746:H. suspectum
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1586:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1501:
1468:
1461:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1426:
1422:
1410:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1369:the original
1364:
1360:
1347:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1188:
1179:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1107:
1098:
1081:
1077:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1011:
976:
972:
962:
953:
944:
935:
926:
917:
908:
899:
895:
882:
873:
861:. Retrieved
847:
841:
835:
800:
794:
792:
783:
781:
773:
767:
755:
747:
731:
703:
699:
697:
681:
666:Conservation
637:
622:
605:
596:
579:
539:Nile monitor
536:
528:
525:
522:
505:
496:
453:
418:
397:
393:polyphyodont
386:
382:
378:
342:V. nebulosus
341:
335:
331:
328:
324:
282:
277:
276:
272:
270:
262:
261:
237:
235:
219:
218:
206:
194:
36:
2570:bengalensis
2448:iNaturalist
2384:Wikispecies
2305:Telmasaurus
2277:Cherminotus
2270:Aiolosaurus
2228:Megalania (
2110:V. panoptes
1993:V. gilleni
1958:V. bitatawa
1929:V. mertensi
1893:V. glauerti
1875:V. prasinus
1839:V. doreanus
1803:V. beccarii
1794:V. salvator
1759:Lanthanotus
1737:H. horridum
1710:H. alvarezi
1455:(2): 71–82.
1341:(2): 97–99.
1195:(1): 11–17.
752:Maharashtra
728:West Bengal
425:Afghanistan
297:Description
61:Maharashtra
2600:Categories
2083:V. gouldii
2002:V. melinus
1982:Perentie (
1920:V. indicus
1857:V. griseus
1830:V. baritji
1812:V. tristis
1642:Varanoidea
1491:References
1378:27 January
1020:Toxicofera
863:22 January
799:(known as
777:rat snakes
724:Bangladesh
694:In culture
660:rheumatism
593:Eating egg
576:Locomotion
445:Bangladesh
202:Subgenus:
103:Appendix I
2319:Saniwides
2284:Gobiderma
2220:Varanidae
1911:V. varius
1652:Kingdom:
1312:(1): 13.
756:Thalagoya
708:Rajasthan
700:bis-cobra
678:in India.
640:hemipenes
437:Sri Lanka
411:Adult in
313:Adult in
214:Species:
207:Empagusia
184:Varanidae
140:Kingdom:
134:Eukaryota
2578:Species+
2466:11196488
2369:Wikidata
2202:Eosaniwa
2020:V. bushi
1672:Squamata
1666:Reptilia
1660:Chordata
1658:Phylum:
1654:Animalia
1500:(1994).
1056:22446061
1003:34375062
995:25835553
784:Ghorpade
734:in both
713:guishaap
533:Breeding
486:and the
476:Malaysia
472:Thailand
468:Cambodia
441:Pakistan
389:saurians
321:, India.
255:Synonyms
180:Family:
174:Squamata
164:Reptilia
154:Chordata
150:Phylum:
144:Animalia
130:Domain:
90:IUCN 3.1
63:, India
2611:Varanus
2531:1485134
2440:2470669
2375:Q756805
2326:Estesia
1783:Varanus
1689:species
1670:Order:
1664:Class:
1545:1563325
1034:Bibcode
1026:Toxicon
902:: 4–43.
796:kanjira
754:and as
748:ghorpad
719:goshaap
652:tantric
627:on the
611:Threats
585:Feeding
517:diurnal
480:Sumatra
464:Vietnam
460:Myanmar
248:, 1802)
195:Varanus
190:Genus:
170:Order:
160:Class:
105: (
88: (
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