711:
1092:-type tannin content which makes the immature fruit astringent and bitter. The tannin levels are reduced as the fruit matures. The fruit of those cultivars is not edible in its crisp, firm state; they're edible when soft ripe. The ripe fruit has a soft jelly-like consistency. The Japanese 'Hachiya' is a widely grown astringent cultivar. Other cultivars, such as 'Fuyu', do not contain tannins when firm. Those can be eaten like an apple or can be allowed to go to any stage of ripeness, including to the jelly-like stage. These non-astringent varieties are, however, considered to have a less complex flavor.
688:, but their pollinated flowers will produce more fruit riddled with seeds. Kaki typically suffers very important fruit drop. The first flush of fruit drop happens shortly after flowering, when +/- 50% of the fruit will drop. The second flush happens in August when again many fruits will drop. After this, the rest of the fruit will usually stay on the tree and mature. Fruit drop depends on climatic conditions and water availability. Pollination is not necessary for fruit set, but it may help reduce fruit drop after averse climatic conditions or drought periods.
703:
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1124:. They are said to be helpful against stomach ailments and diarrhea. Immature fruits are said to be a treatment for fever, if they ripen in containers until they are sweet as honey. The juice of unripe fruit is said to lower blood pressure and the fruit stem to relieve a cough. To reinforce these effects, the fruit is peeled before use, exposed to the sunlight during the day and to the dew at night, until a white powdery coating forms.
1140:
68:
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sometimes may have a pink tint and tend to appear in clusters of three. Diospyros kaki is typically a dioecious species, which means that trees are either male or female, but some cultivated varieties are monoecious. In that case both male and female, and even perfect (male+female), flowers can be found on the same tree. The flowers have four crown-shaped sepals and four petals that form a large calyx.
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44:
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or when there are guests at home. The persimmon is cut into sections and the skin and core is usually removed. Persimmons are eaten dry during the winter, and they are very popular amongst children. In autumn, families and farmers from the rural areas collect persimmons and hang them to dry. Powdered
1058:
In Spain, the most important kaki variety is "Rojo
Brillante". This PCA variety is mostly grown in the Valencia region in a protected region of origin (DOP) called the "Ribera del Xuquer". During the last decade a CO₂ treatment procedure has been perfected by which nearly all Rojo Brillante kakis are
877:
PVA type: Pollination variant astringent. This type of kaki is similar to the previous type but in this case only the flesh around the seeds will have no bitter taste. The rest of the fruit will taste bitter. This is due to a different process in tannin neutralization by the seeds. The result is that
873:
PVNA type: Pollination variant non astringent. This type of fruit has to become soft before it is edible except if it is seeded. A substance in the seed makes the tannin insoluble and thus the seeded fruit will be sweet even when it is still hard. Even one seed is usually sufficient to make the fruit
764:
encased in a waxy thin-skinned shell. The spherical to oval fruit, bearing the indented stem and four sepals, can weigh up to 500 grams (18 oz). The smooth, shiny, thin shell ranges in shade from yellow to red-orange. The slightly lighter fleshed fruits can contain up to eight seeds and may have
1342:
680:
trees typically do not bear until they are 3 to 6 years old. The flowers are 2.0 to 2.5 cm (0.8 to 1.0 in) wide and appear in late spring or early summer, depending on variety and growing area. The tubular flowers have a creamy white color. Female flowers grow singly, while male flowers
857:
Kaki varieties are classified into four basic types, depending on the solubility of their tannin and the presence of seeds. Soluble tannin means that the fruit will have an acrid taste. Insoluble tannin means that there is no acrid taste. In some cases, the presence of seeds will turn the tannin
1066:
In Italy the most widely grown variety is "Tipo" (PCA) and some other varieties in smaller quantities. Italy used to be the largest kaki exporting country in Europe, but export diminished significantly as the
Spanish kaki succeeded. This drop in export is entirely due to the fact that until now
1582:
Effect of five triterpenoid compounds isolated from leaves of
Diospyroskaki on stimulus-induced superoxide generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Guang Chen, Huangwei Lu, Chunlei Wang, Koichi Yamashita, Masanobu Manabe, Suixu Xu and Hiroyuki Kodama,
656:
leaves are medium to dark green, broadly lanceolate, stiff and equally wide as long. Blooming from May to June, the trees are typically either male or female, but some produce both types of flowers. Furthermore, the sexual expression of a tree may vary from year to year. Unusually, the
869:
PCNA type: Pollination constant non astringent, which is a relatively recent mutation in kaki fruit (a few centuries). In this type of kaki the tannin is always insoluble even when the fruit is still hard. This fruit will always taste sweet without any bitterness in the hard or soft
1055:(CO₂) gas to remove astringency before it is marketed. This kaki has a rather squarish shape and it has one of the highest sugar contents of all varieties. Unlike most other varieties, it has a very firm skin which gives it good keeping qualities and good resistance to handling.
1482:
Martínez-Calvo, J.; Naval, M.; Zuriaga, E.; Llácer, G.; Badenes, M. L. (1 January 2013). "Morphological characterization of the IVIA persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) germplasm collection by multivariate analysis".
1067:
Italian kakis are not CO₂ treated and thus can only be eaten after they have turned soft. Italy has recently developed a CO₂ treatment procedure that can be used on the Tipo variety but it is not commonly used yet.
1529:, afterward expanding across Brazil through Japanese immigration; State of São Paulo is still the greatest producer, with an area of 3,610 hectares dedicated to Japanese persimmon culture in 2003; cf.
882:
Practically and commercially, only the first two kaki types are important. The other two types are considered astringent kakis for practical reasons and are handled just like the PCA type fruit.
866:. These kakis have a bitter taste until they become completely soft. The ripening process turns the tannin insoluble, after which all bitterness disappears and the sweet fruit can be enjoyed.
730:, with broad, stiff leaves. It was first cultivated in China more than 2000 years ago, and introduced to Japan in the 7th century and to Korea in the 14th century. It was later introduced to
1017:
is in the months of
October and November. The trees lose their leaves by harvest time. Occasionally, the brightly colored fruit is left unharvested on the tree as a decorative effect.
1717:
A model experiment for de-astringency of persimmon fruit with high carbon dioxide treatment: in vitro gelation of kaki-tannin by reacting with acetaldehyde. Matsuo T and Itoo S,
1112:. The first commercial orchards in Florida were planted in the 1870s. Most persimmon orchards in the US are small scale (70% less than 1 acre and 90% less than 5 acres).
710:
1063:(with one 'm'). Because of this treatment, the "Rojo brillante" kaki has become an easily edible fruit highly appreciated internationally, with increased production.
2035:
2087:
780:, which weakens with progressive maturation. The furry taste, caused by the tannins, is reduced and finally completely disappears during the ripening process.
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1732:
1532:
1983:
2048:
1996:
1312:
1303:
2172:
1548:
Matsuo, Tomoaki; Shinohara, Jun-ichi; Ito, Saburo (1976). "An
Improvement on Removing Astringency in Persimmon Fruits by Carbon Dioxide Gas".
2254:
1384:
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1944:
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sometimes only half of the fruit (the part containing seeds) may be edible and the other half will be bitter if it contains no seeds.
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The leaves are commonly removed before serving. Though the skin is often removed, it may be eaten, especially when the fruit has
1059:
treated to remove astringency while still retaining their firmness and keeping qualities. This treated kaki fruit is marketed as
858:
insoluble in the whole of the fruit and in other cases only just around the seeds. this results in the following classification:
1687:
A.I. Yordanov; S.G. Tabakov; V.I. Lichev; G.I. Govedarov (2013). "Testing of newly introduced persimmon cultivars in
Bulgaria".
2022:
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967:
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edible. Fruit from the same tree that does not contain seed will taste bitter and needs to soften before it becomes edible.
1308:
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is an edible sweet, slightly tangy fruit with a soft to occasionally fibrous texture. This species, native to China, is
661:
fruits ripen when the leaves have mostly fallen off the tree, typically in
October and November. (Northern Hemisphere)
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807:
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are grown worldwide, with 90 percent of the total in China, Japan and Korea. In East Asia the main harvest time for
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IUCN SSC Global Tree
Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) (2021).
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cake, a pine branch and an orange is a symbol of the desire for "great happiness in 100 affairs."
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917:
906:, 19α-hydroxy ursolic acid and 19 α,24-dihydroxy ursolic acid can be isolated from the leaves of
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1036:, also known as Caucasian persimmon) in some countries in South Europe and West Asia, because
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region. Since 1935–40, it is also grown in small quantities in
Bulgaria, particularly in the
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and the tannins have significantly broken down, reducing the astringency. They can also be
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in the still-immature kaki provides a bitter component reminiscent of a raw unpeeled
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an astringent taste. With increasing maturity, the fruit softens, similar to a
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All varieties (parthenocarpic) will produce seedless fruit in the absence of
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The "Sharon" is a trade name for the "Triumph" variety grown in the fertile
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569:. Although its first botanical description was not published until 1780,
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1435:
Yasuda, F.; Kobayashi, T.; Watanabe, H.; Izawa, H. (2003). "Addition of
783:
The astringent flavour can be removed by treatment with carbon dioxide.
620:(감) in Korean, kesemek in Indonesia and haluwabed (हलुवाबेद) in Nepali.
1988:
1905:
1604:
Zhou, Chunhua; Zhao, Daqiu; Sheng, Yanle; Tao, Jun; Yang, Yong (2011).
1105:
1074:
974: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
407:
17:
1814:
1167:; two fruits are attached to a string which is then hung over a pole.
2014:
1088:
In astringent cultivars (cultivated varieties), the fruit has a high
929:
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773:
735:
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1826:
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The fruit of Kaki. Plaquemine (Fr). Kaki (En). Japanese persimmon,
2027:
1936:
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493:
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1691:(996). International Society for Horticultural Science: 367–370.
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1421:
1404:
1923:
1830:
1790:"Sushi Wrapped in a Leaf? Try the Persimmon Leaf Sushi in Nara"
943:
790:
761:
1006:
Variety "Koushu-Hyakume" (astringent - for making dried kaki)
415:
1051:
in Israel. It is a PCA variety which is always treated with
1151:
Persimmons being hung from the eaves of a house to dry in
1120:
Throughout Asia, healing properties are attributed to the
652:
tree reaches a size of up to 10 metres (33 ft). Its
391:
1733:"Whether Asian or American, persimmons will grow on you"
1606:"Carotenoids in Fruits of Different Persimmon Cultivars"
1336:
iii. 208, author Carl Peter
Thunberg, (1780); later in
593:
L. f. may be used erroneously for this plant. However,
738:
in the 19th century, to Brazil in the 1890s. Numerous
605:
L. f. is taxonomically illegitimate and not accepted.
573:
cultivation in China dates back more than 2000 years.
521:
563:, is the most widely cultivated species of the genus
362:
348:
334:
1439:
spp. to leaf spot pathogens of Japanese persimmon".
1379:. Vol. 57. John Wiley & Sons. p. 193.
1020:
Cultivation of this species at first spread through
669:
fungal spp. causes leaf spot on Japanese persimmon.
475:
461:
1839:
1762:Sarkhosh, Ali; Andersen, Peter C.; Huff, Dustin M.
1525:The Japanese persimmon was first introduced to the
1175:sugar is sometimes added to enhance the sweetness.
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1587:, June 2002, Volume 320, Issues 1–2, Pages 11–16,
1040:have bigger fruits than date-plum; cultivation in
597:L. f., published in 1781, is a later homonym of
498:
1660:"Най-вкусна е райска ябълка, узряла на клона"
1556:(1). Oxford University Press (OUP): 215–217.
936:makes the kaki fruit nutritionally valuable.
304:
51:Botanical details of buds, flowers and fruit
8:
438:
1246:Lee, Sangtae; Chang, Kae Sun, eds. (2015).
1073:is also produced in Albania, mainly in the
825:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
760:When ripe, the fruit comprises thick pulpy
581:Whether the species was first described by
1827:
1764:"JAPANESE PERSIMMON CULTIVARS IN FLORIDA1"
507:
447:
313:
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66:
42:
31:
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1621:
990:Learn how and when to remove this message
845:Learn how and when to remove this message
1104:production takes place in the states of
1001:
718:persimmon. (Diospyros kaki Thunb., 1780)
1313:United States Department of Agriculture
1304:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1201:
601:Thunb., published in 1780. So the name
1658:Иванова, Венелина (21 November 2010).
1289:
1287:
1249:English Names for Korean Native Plants
1192:may be made from Oriental persimmons.
369:
364:
269:
1719:Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1550:Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
288:The Chinese character for "persimmon"
7:
2103:8e427b4a-1dc6-45f9-8ae5-a5c118331d33
1485:Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution
1373:"6. Persimmon genetics and breeding"
972:adding citations to reliable sources
823:adding citations to reliable sources
2240:IUCN Red List least concern species
1220:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1170:In Korea, it is usually eaten as a
1794:MATCHA - JAPAN TRAVEL WEB MAGAZINE
1371:Jules Janick, ed. (22 June 2010).
25:
589:is disputed. The scientific name
2191:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322553-1
1813:
948:
795:
91:
1697:10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.996.52
959:needs additional citations for
862:PCA type: Pollination constant
416:
392:
1731:Crain, Liz (3 November 2006).
1562:10.1080/00021369.1976.10862021
1178:Persimmon leaves used to wrap
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1:
1593:10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00021-9
1309:Agricultural Research Service
706:Two kaki fruits, one cut open
2255:Crops originating from China
1721:, 1982, 46(3), pages 683-689
1182:is a regional speciality of
742:have been selected, and one
2296:
1340:157, author Thunb. (1784).
1100:In the United States most
1024:. Since the 19th century,
695:
1623:10.3390/molecules16010624
1497:10.1007/s10722-012-9828-4
1461:10.1007/s10327-002-0011-1
1334:Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal.
1083:Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
587:Carl Linnaeus the Younger
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2250:Plants described in 1780
1343:"Plant Name Details for
1257:Korea National Arboretum
913:The high content of the
1535:14 October 2009 at the
644:Similar in shape to an
1788:MATCHA (30 May 2022).
1419:"Diospyros kaki L. f."
1401:"Diospyros kaki Thunb"
1377:Plant Breeding Reviews
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1127:A vase adorned with a
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1768:University of Florida
1227:: e.T173538A197891373
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1737:The Portland Tribune
1585:Clinica Chimica Acta
1441:J. Gen. Plant Pathol
1278:Korea Forest Service
1079:Upper Thracian Plain
1044:began at that time.
968:improve this article
894:compounds such as α-
890:Apart from tannins,
819:improve this section
772:The high content of
636:tree in Nanyo City,
457:Revised Romanization
1453:2003JGPP...69...29Y
1028:partially replaced
583:Carl Peter Thunberg
242:Diospyros chinensis
58:Conservation status
1689:Acta Horticulturae
1527:State of São Paulo
1213:Diospyros gokugaki
1157:
1145:
1008:
928:, along with some
918:beta-cryptoxanthin
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557:Japanese persimmon
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2124:Open Tree of Life
1833:Taxon identifiers
1386:978-0-470-65016-5
1266:978-89-97450-98-5
1190:Persimmon vinegar
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616:(柿) in Japanese,
553:Chinese persimmon
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1184:Nara Prefecture
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1034:Diospyros lotus
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204:
90:
82:
71:
67:
60:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2293:
2291:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2275:Japanese fruit
2272:
2267:
2262:
2260:Trees of China
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2232:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2217:wfo-0000649136
2208:
2195:
2182:
2169:
2156:
2146:
2142:Diospyros kaki
2133:
2120:
2107:
2097:
2084:
2071:
2058:
2045:
2032:
2019:
2006:
1993:
1980:
1967:
1954:
1941:
1928:
1915:
1902:
1889:
1876:
1871:Diospyros kaki
1861:
1845:
1843:
1841:Diospyros kaki
1837:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1807:
1806:
1780:
1754:
1743:on 8 June 2011
1723:
1710:
1679:
1668:(in Bulgarian)
1650:
1616:(1): 624–636.
1596:
1575:
1540:
1518:
1491:(1): 233–241.
1474:
1437:Pestalotiopsis
1427:
1410:
1392:
1385:
1363:
1345:Diospyros kaki
1325:
1297:Diospyros kaki
1283:
1265:
1238:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1143:Fuyu persimmon
1136:
1133:
1117:
1114:
1102:diospyros kaki
1097:
1094:
1053:carbon dioxide
998:
997:
956:
954:
947:
941:
938:
934:alpha-carotene
887:
884:
880:
879:
875:
871:
867:
853:
852:
803:
801:
794:
788:
785:
748:Diospyros kaki
696:Main article:
693:
690:
674:
671:
666:Pestalotiopsis
625:
622:
603:Diospyros kaki
599:Diospyros kaki
595:Diospyros kaki
591:Diospyros kaki
578:
575:
561:kaki persimmon
541:Diospyros kaki
535:
534:
531:
530:
527:
526:
519:
513:
512:
511:Transcriptions
504:
503:
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489:
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459:
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451:Transcriptions
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380:Yue: Cantonese
376:
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332:
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318:
317:Transcriptions
310:
309:
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296:
295:
291:
290:
287:
279:
278:
275:
274:
273:Diospyros kaki
266:
265:
257:Diospyros kaki
237:
236:
230:
229:
224:
219:Diospyros kaki
213:
212:
206:
205:
198:
196:
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
174:
170:
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134:
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108:
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102:
98:
97:
84:
83:
65:
62:
61:
56:
53:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
36:Diospyros kaki
27:Oriental fruit
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2292:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:Garden plants
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1829:
1822:
1816:
1811:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1781:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1755:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1680:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1367:
1364:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1339:
1335:
1332:Published in
1329:
1326:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1268:
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1205:
1202:
1195:
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1191:
1187:
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1141:
1134:
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1125:
1123:
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1111:
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1103:
1096:United States
1095:
1093:
1091:
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1076:
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1068:
1064:
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1027:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1004:
994:
991:
983:
973:
969:
963:
962:
957:This section
955:
951:
946:
945:
939:
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:beta-carotene
919:
916:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
885:
883:
876:
872:
868:
865:
861:
860:
859:
849:
846:
838:
828:
824:
820:
814:
813:
809:
804:This section
802:
798:
793:
792:
786:
784:
781:
779:
775:
770:
768:
763:
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
734:and southern
733:
729:
725:
717:
712:
704:
699:
691:
689:
687:
682:
679:
672:
670:
668:
667:
662:
660:
655:
651:
647:
639:
635:
630:
623:
621:
619:
615:
611:
608:It is called
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
576:
574:
572:
568:
567:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:
543:
542:
532:
520:
518:
514:
509:
505:
497:
495:
491:
488:Japanese name
486:
474:
472:
468:
460:
458:
454:
449:
445:
437:
435:
431:
426:
414:
412:
409:
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371:
366:
361:
359:
355:
347:
345:
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333:
331:
327:
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315:
311:
303:
301:
297:
292:
285:
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276:
271:
264:
262:
258:
253:
252:
247:
243:
238:
235:
231:
227:
222:
220:
214:
211:
210:Binomial name
207:
203:
202:
197:
194:
193:
190:
189:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
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161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:Tracheophytes
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
94:
89:
85:
79:
74:
73:Least Concern
63:
59:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1840:
1797:. Retrieved
1793:
1783:
1771:. Retrieved
1767:
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
1741:the original
1736:
1726:
1718:
1713:
1688:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1663:
1653:
1645:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1584:
1578:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1521:
1488:
1484:
1477:
1447:(1): 29–32.
1444:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1413:
1395:
1376:
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1344:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1318:18 September
1316:. Retrieved
1302:
1296:
1276:– via
1270:. Retrieved
1248:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1224:
1218:
1212:
1204:
1188:
1177:
1169:
1158:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1101:
1099:
1087:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1046:
1037:
1033:
1025:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1009:
986:
980:January 2021
977:
966:Please help
961:verification
958:
912:
907:
904:ursolic acid
892:triterpenoid
889:
881:
856:
841:
835:January 2021
832:
817:Please help
805:
782:
771:
759:
751:
747:
721:
715:
683:
677:
676:
664:
663:
658:
649:
643:
633:
617:
613:
609:
607:
602:
598:
594:
590:
580:
570:
564:
560:
556:
552:
545:
540:
539:
538:
517:Romanization
401:Southern Min
330:Hanyu Pinyin
294:Chinese name
256:
249:
241:
240:
218:
216:
201:D. kaki
200:
199:
187:
150:
137:
124:
111:
35:
29:
2280:Fruit trees
2165:kew-2769959
2010:iNaturalist
1865:Wikispecies
1821:Food portal
1672:28 December
1255:. Pocheon:
1135:Consumption
1081:and on the
940:Cultivation
915:carotenoids
686:pollination
428:Korean name
131:Angiosperms
2234:Categories
2160:Plant List
1747:19 October
1356:12 October
1196:References
1116:In culture
1110:California
1042:California
926:zeaxanthin
864:astringent
752:sylvestris
732:California
648:tree, the
350:shih(-tzŭ)
344:Wade–Giles
2245:Diospyros
1976:200017585
1963:200017585
1799:6 January
1705:2406-6168
1610:Molecules
1570:0002-1369
1505:1573-5109
1186:, Japan.
1030:date-plum
1022:East Asia
886:Chemistry
806:does not
787:Varieties
767:kiwifruit
740:cultivars
728:deciduous
724:persimmon
698:Persimmon
654:deciduous
566:Diospyros
548:persimmon
546:Oriental
251:nom. nud.
195:Species:
188:Diospyros
177:Ebenaceae
101:Kingdom:
2204:11500521
2199:Tropicos
2041:10205417
2028:322553-1
1850:Wikidata
1642:21242942
1533:Archived
1513:16838322
1469:21156821
1338:Fl. Jap.
1272:12 March
778:chestnut
638:Yamagata
387:Jyutping
234:Synonyms
173:Family:
167:Ericales
157:Asterids
144:Eudicots
78:IUCN 3.1
2075:MoBotPF
1989:3032984
1906:Ecocrop
1856:Q158482
1665:24 часа
1646:Table 3
1633:6259468
1449:Bibcode
1172:dessert
1161:ripened
1155:, Japan
1106:Florida
1075:Elbasan
908:D. kaki
827:removed
812:sources
744:variety
640:, Japan
571:D. kaki
417:Khī(-a)
408:Hokkien
336:shì(zi)
300:Chinese
183:Genus:
163:Order:
105:Plantae
76: (
18:Hachiya
2173:PLANTS
2129:352883
2116:129949
2100:NZOR:
2080:279920
2067:173538
2054:505970
1950:169456
1924:483960
1885:215539
1773:10 May
1703:
1640:
1630:
1568:
1511:
1503:
1467:
1383:
1263:
1231:13 May
930:lutein
924:, and
896:amyrin
870:stage.
774:tannin
755:Makino
736:Europe
673:Flower
544:, the
434:Hangul
226:Thunb.
2178:DIKA2
2149:PFI:
2093:35925
2036:IRMNG
2015:83468
2002:14293
1945:EUNIS
1937:DOSKA
1898:6CWZ5
1509:S2CID
1465:S2CID
1253:(PDF)
1180:sushi
1165:dried
900:uvaol
762:jelly
750:var.
692:Fruit
646:apple
577:Names
494:Kanji
246:Blume
151:Clade
138:Clade
125:Clade
112:Clade
2186:POWO
2152:9669
2137:PfaF
2088:NCBI
2062:IUCN
2049:ITIS
2023:IPNI
1997:GRIN
1984:GBIF
1932:EPPO
1880:APNI
1801:2024
1775:2022
1749:2009
1701:ISSN
1674:2016
1638:PMID
1566:ISSN
1501:ISSN
1422:ITIS
1405:ITIS
1381:ISBN
1358:2009
1351:IPNI
1320:2020
1274:2019
1261:ISBN
1233:2022
1225:2021
1129:kaki
1122:kaki
1108:and
1071:Kaki
1038:kaki
1026:kaki
1015:kaki
1011:Kaki
932:and
810:any
808:cite
722:The
716:kaki
678:Kaki
659:kaki
650:kaki
634:kaki
624:Tree
614:kaki
523:kaki
306:柿(子)
261:L.f.
2212:WFO
1971:FoC
1958:FNA
1919:EoL
1911:945
1893:CoL
1693:doi
1628:PMC
1618:doi
1589:doi
1558:doi
1493:doi
1457:doi
970:by
821:by
746:is
618:gam
610:shi
585:or
559:or
477:kam
463:gam
411:POJ
393:Ci5
358:IPA
2236::
2214::
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2113::
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2077::
2064::
2051::
2038::
2025::
2012::
1999::
1986::
1973::
1960::
1947::
1934::
1921::
1908::
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1882::
1867::
1852::
1792:.
1766:.
1735:.
1699:.
1662:.
1644:.
1636:.
1626:.
1614:16
1612:.
1608:.
1564:.
1554:40
1552:.
1507:.
1499:.
1489:60
1487:.
1463:.
1455:.
1445:69
1443:.
1403:.
1375:.
1349:.
1311:,
1307:.
1301:.
1286:^
1223:.
1217:.
1085:.
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902:,
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632:A
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1032:(
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987:(
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978:(
964:.
848:)
842:(
837:)
833:(
829:.
815:.
500:柿
440:감
254:)
248:(
80:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
