4081:
55:
33:
4097:
4870:
4112:
4854:
4880:
4821:
Schedel, F. D. B., Friel, J. P. & Schliewen, U. K. (2014): Haplochromis vanheusdeni, a new haplochromine cichlid species from the Great Ruaha River drainage, Rufiji basin, Tanzania (Teleostei, Perciformes, Cichlidae).
447:. Most of the tribe's members were at one time or another included in the present genus, but in many cases this was only temporary. Around the year 1900, as well 100 years later, the trend was to
390: – many of these had only been scientifically described a few years before their demise, and additional ones were only known or suspected to exist, but never properly studied or described.
451:
up the genus; especially in the mid-20th century, on the other hand, most authors lumped any and all
Haplochromini that were not conspicuously distinct in the type genus.
5078:
5173:
5104:
4046:
417:
of these fishes. Until then, however, the ecological balance of the lake is still on the brink, and many of the cichlids that survived the peak population of
3950:
5052:
4054:
3990:
3958:
5091:
4022:
4062:
375:
cichlids of the lake for food and other resources. When the Nile perch stocks finally declined again in the late 1980s, an estimated 200
3998:
3982:
468:
with regard to its relatives. Still, several genera are now recognized as distinct by many authors and scientific databases, such as
393:
While the stocks of those species that survived are in many cases recovering, the lake ecosystem has changed irrevocably. The entire
4932:
368:
3974:
3942:
3348:
2686:
1901:
1445:
1158:
5130:
5163:
4803:
4014:
3439:
4006:
4941:(2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences.
5096:
4030:
3966:
4508:
4038:
3125:
2561:
2396:
1432:
566:
2837:
54:
5026:
3369:
3172:
1992:
294:, already established in 1814, and was abolished. As the years went by, other genera of (mostly) Haplochromini were
3934:
2979:
2871:
2737:
2694:
2125:
2030:
644:
255:
1415:
1320:
5109:
3864:
3851:
3631:
3494:
3452:
3275:
2465:
2422:
2314:
2241:
2168:
2142:
2082:
2013:
1755:
1742:
1638:
1247:
1128:
898:
657:
579:
3344:
2678:
1437:
1150:
1037:
4899:
3881:
3795:
3675:
3614:
3262:
3241:
3189:
3069:
2992:
2824:
2794:
2763:
2643:
2617:
2508:
2224:
2181:
1888:
1828:
1509:
1350:
1209:
1097:
1024:
1007:
700:
670:
460:
319:
268:
41:
3705:
3507:
2962:
2777:
2194:
1983:
1543:
1483:
1303:
1166:
1116:
952:
618:
3826:
3697:
3619:
3584:
3542:
3520:
3194:
2910:
2656:
2340:
2216:
2000:
1962:
1794:
1747:
1574:
1111:
1042:
947:
838:
5168:
3813:
3726:
3710:
3601:
3567:
3469:
3413:
3395:
3361:
3335:
3220:
3215:
3207:
3155:
3112:
3099:
3082:
2928:
2889:
2884:
2799:
2755:
2724:
2630:
2622:
2609:
2566:
2552:
2534:
2500:
2482:
2435:
2427:
2414:
2327:
2267:
2259:
2160:
2112:
2087:
2005:
1880:
1807:
1712:
1704:
1691:
1677:
1608:
1548:
1514:
1402:
1389:
1355:
1337:
1290:
1269:
1141:
1133:
1072:
999:
986:
890:
864:
777:
764:
662:
631:
592:
571:
247:
143:
3769:
3035:
2750:
2357:
2211:
1957:
1940:
1802:
1496:
1466:
1363:
1067:
934:
683:
4966:
4497:
3894:
3838:
3821:
3782:
3692:
3644:
3593:
3447:
3434:
3356:
3228:
3202:
3181:
3138:
3052:
3022:
2949:
2923:
2897:
2807:
2711:
2669:
2592:
2521:
2495:
2155:
1988:
1923:
1863:
1815:
1777:
1764:
1672:
1196:
1089:
1080:
1050:
981:
751:
517:
5031:
4554:. Most referred to small or monotypic genera that were once considered distinct, but are now included in
3718:
3537:
3301:
3250:
2812:
2661:
2604:
2285:
1837:
1772:
1600:
1561:
1535:
1183:
833:
812:
610:
5158:
4939:
Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Irene E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan
4117:
3917:
fish trade. A number of them are likely to represent undescribed distinct species; others might just be
3830:
3808:
3731:
3661:
3554:
3482:
3477:
3456:
3421:
3382:
3322:
3309:
3005:
2936:
2854:
2587:
2409:
2383:
2297:
2069:
1970:
1945:
1875:
1845:
1659:
1651:
1621:
994:
820:
790:
735:
605:
539:
at present, but it cannot be ruled out that some of these will eventually be recognized as valid again.
525:
448:
422:
295:
4924:
African cichlids II: Cichlids from East Africa. A handbook for their identification, care and breeding.
1858:
3684:
3576:
3529:
3147:
3091:
3014:
2863:
2846:
2474:
2444:
2349:
2306:
2022:
1630:
1583:
1424:
1329:
1256:
1218:
1175:
1059:
1016:
973:
722:
5135:
5013:
3756:
3743:
3408:
3387:
3314:
2574:
2547:
2452:
2254:
2199:
2056:
1729:
1699:
1647:
1613:
1552:
1376:
1226:
964:
921:
885:
872:
846:
803:
739:
713:
553:
488:. The genus delimitation in the entire tribe remains badly resolved, however, and further changes in
4519:
2682:
1897:
1531:
1239:
1154:
4481:
3869:
3714:
3464:
3297:
3280:
3246:
3160:
2782:
2699:
2130:
2100:
2095:
1928:
1909:
1833:
1789:
1717:
1686:
1596:
1527:
1522:
1488:
1277:
1264:
1231:
1102:
859:
808:
730:
688:
649:
509:
455:
212:
3873:
3284:
3254:
3164:
3044:
2971:
2703:
2289:
2233:
2134:
2104:
1721:
1235:
4539:
3899:
3856:
3774:
3748:
3735:
3653:
3649:
3623:
3589:
3559:
3546:
3512:
3499:
3486:
3400:
3292:
3267:
3177:
3104:
3074:
3061:
3057:
2984:
2915:
2902:
2786:
2729:
2635:
2596:
2513:
2388:
2375:
2370:
2362:
2332:
2319:
2280:
2272:
2147:
2048:
2043:
2035:
1975:
1949:
1867:
1820:
1781:
1760:
1664:
1643:
1591:
1566:
1475:
1471:
1458:
1453:
1407:
1381:
1368:
1342:
1312:
1308:
1295:
1282:
1120:
1085:
956:
939:
908:
877:
795:
782:
756:
743:
692:
675:
636:
623:
489:
414:
170:
49:
3340:
3233:
2674:
2648:
2401:
1893:
1850:
1441:
1146:
5004:
4080:
5117:
5083:
5039:
4928:
4897:(2008): Dietary shift in benthivorous cichlids after the ecological changes in Lake Victoria.
4391:
4270:
3886:
3843:
3800:
3787:
3761:
3680:
3666:
3636:
3606:
3572:
3525:
3426:
3374:
3327:
3143:
3130:
3117:
3087:
3027:
3010:
2997:
2954:
2941:
2876:
2859:
2842:
2829:
2769:
2742:
2716:
2579:
2539:
2526:
2487:
2470:
2457:
2440:
2345:
2302:
2246:
2186:
2173:
2117:
2074:
2061:
2018:
1734:
1626:
1579:
1420:
1394:
1325:
1252:
1214:
1201:
1188:
1171:
1055:
1029:
1012:
969:
926:
913:
851:
825:
769:
718:
705:
597:
584:
558:
349:
216:
4769:"Seven new species of detritivorous and phytoplanktivorous haplochromines from Lake Victoria"
5122:
4950:
4908:
4439:
4150:
513:
464:, the type species of the present genus, it is not very clear where to draw the boundary of
201:
32:
4489:
4423:
4407:
4359:
528:
477:
441:
194:
4140:
or other haplochromines. That nonwithstanding, Haplochromini genera to which some former
4136:. The distinctness of these is highly doubtful, as they may just be distinct lineages of
4791:
4551:
4471:
4455:
4447:
4415:
4367:
4262:
4254:
4246:
4190:
1914:
1501:
532:
504:
281:
277:
208:
96:
4096:
5152:
5018:
4768:
4463:
4431:
4335:
4303:
4214:
4198:
4158:
4129:
1932:
498:
444:
376:
337:
323:
262:, at that time an even larger "wastebin genus" for Pseudocrenilabrinae cichlids. The
228:
126:
5044:
4513:
4502:
4399:
4343:
4327:
4319:
4230:
4222:
4182:
4174:
4085:
360:
263:
152:
106:
4796:, a new species from the Inkisi River basin, Lower Congo (Perciformes: Cichlidae)"
5065:
4998:
4543:
4311:
4100:
3922:
2816:
481:
394:
353:
4383:
4375:
4351:
4278:
4166:
3918:
437:
410:
406:
345:
329:
4989:
4912:
4550:
and its allies, it is hardly surprising that the genus has a large number of
4524:
4286:
4238:
4133:
398:
341:
204:
66:
4954:
3913:
These populations are typically referred to by the names they have in the
4983:
4865:
4849:
4558:
again, if only to wait for a major review of their status. Synonyms are:
3914:
3040:
2967:
2229:
2203:
469:
372:
251:
224:
86:
4881:
International Union for the
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
531:
of a single species may appear to be distinct "species" if they are not
5057:
4295:
387:
379:
290:
116:
5070:
4206:
4125:
76:
4960:
4111:
508:, species have been moved to and from over the years. The habit of
4110:
4095:
4079:
521:
303:
285:
197:
220:
4964:
4767:
de Zeeuw; Mietes; Niemantsverdriet; ter Huurne; Witte (2010).
371:, was also introduced and competed with the often specialized
4887:
4484:
were also – mainly by early authors – included in
4677:
Sometimes other genera listed above are also synonymized.
547:
There are currently 229 recognized species in this genus:
3929:
is, of course, doubtful. Some of these populations are:
535:
studied. Several proposed genera are again included in
352:, and the smaller cichlids were fair game for the huge
4895:
Kishe-Machumu, Mary; Witte,Frans & Wanink, Jan H.
4132:
that were formerly included here, many are small or
4973:
492:are likely in the future. In particular, between
4727:
4725:
458:cichlids are certainly very close relatives of
473:
179:
8:
223:"genus". Many of these cichlids are popular
405:species that still exist are in many cases
4961:
4226:(5 living and 1 extinct described species)
397:has been observed to be upset. But still,
250:in 1888. It was originally conceived as a
31:
20:
4804:Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters
4762:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4702:Linke & Staeck (1994), Kishe-Machumu
4891:. Version 2009.1. Retrieved 2009-SEP-20.
4888:2009 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
476:); in particular the Haplochromini from
4686:
413:is likely to set in and produce a new
5174:Taxa named by Franz Martin Hilgendorf
4943:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
4790:Wamuini Lunkayilakio; Vreven (2010).
4488:, though they are not members of its
4144:have been removed are in particular:
401:runs its course: those Lake Victoria
340:after 1954 severely upset the lake's
7:
4835:Linke & Staeck (1994), FishBase
302:, and the final delimitation of the
219:, and as such became the "largest"
207:. It has been used as the default "
409:to new food sources, and in time,
314:Extinction crisis in Lake Victoria
14:
344:. By the late 1970s, the perch's
324:Lake Victoria § Cichlid fish
53:
276:of Günther turned out to be a
1:
4509:Altolamprologus compressiceps
3925:. Whether they all belong in
3126:Haplochromis pseudopellegrini
2562:Haplochromis nuchisquamulatus
2397:Haplochromis microchrysomelas
1433:Haplochromis erythromaculatus
645:Haplochromis ampullarostratus
567:Haplochromis adolphifrederici
246:The genus was established by
2838:Haplochromis paraplagiostoma
2557:(Blue Victoria mouthbrooder)
1682:(Torpedostripe haplochromis)
1416:Haplochromis erythrocephalus
1321:Haplochromis dolichorhynchus
243:among aquarium enthusiasts.
3370:Haplochromis schubotziellus
3173:Haplochromis pyrrhocephalus
2423:Haplochromis multiocellatus
1743:Haplochromis harpakteridion
1557:(Fuelleborn's mouthbrooder)
296:lumped with and split again
5190:
4920:Linke, H. & Staeck, L.
4050:sp. 'Rusinga oral sheller'
2980:Haplochromis pharyngomylus
2872:Haplochromis parorthostoma
2738:Haplochromis pachycephalus
2695:Haplochromis omnicaeruleus
2126:Haplochromis macrocephalus
2031:Haplochromis latifasciatus
1038:Haplochromis chrysogynaion
317:
4824:Spixiana, 37 (1): 135-149
4693:Linke & Staeck (1994)
3954:sp. 'backflash cryptodon'
3865:Haplochromis xanthopteryx
3852:Haplochromis worthingtoni
3676:Haplochromis tyrianthinus
3632:Haplochromis thuragnathus
3615:Haplochromis thereuterion
3495:Haplochromis squamipinnis
3276:Haplochromis rufocaudalis
3190:Haplochromis pyrrhopteryx
2466:Haplochromis nanoserranus
2315:Haplochromis melanopterus
2242:Haplochromis mandibularis
2225:Haplochromis malacophagus
2169:Haplochromis macropsoides
2143:Haplochromis macrognathus
2083:Haplochromis longirostris
2014:Haplochromis laparogramma
1756:Haplochromis heusinkveldi
1639:Haplochromis goldschmidti
1248:Haplochromis decticostoma
1210:Haplochromis cryptogramma
1129:Haplochromis crassilabris
1098:Haplochromis commutabilis
1008:Haplochromis chlorochrous
658:Haplochromis angustifrons
580:Haplochromis aelocephalus
484:are usually removed from
425:and close to extinction.
176:
169:
158:
151:
50:Scientific classification
48:
42:Haplochromis thereuterion
39:
30:
23:
4913:10.1163/157075608X383700
4876:. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
4861:. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
4773:Zoologische Mededelingen
3978:sp. 'dusky wine-red fin'
3882:Haplochromis xenognathus
3796:Haplochromis victorianus
3706:Haplochromis vanheusdeni
3508:Haplochromis squamulatus
3263:Haplochromis rudolfianus
3242:Haplochromis rubripinnis
3070:Haplochromis plagiostoma
2993:Haplochromis phytophagus
2963:Haplochromis pharyngalis
2825:Haplochromis paraguiarti
2795:Haplochromis pappenheimi
2778:Haplochromis pancitrinus
2764:Haplochromis paludinosus
2644:Haplochromis occultidens
2618:Haplochromis obliquidens
2509:Haplochromis nigripinnis
2195:Haplochromis mahagiensis
2182:Haplochromis maculipinna
1984:Haplochromis labriformis
1889:Haplochromis kamiranzovu
1829:Haplochromis igneopinnis
1544:Haplochromis fuelleborni
1510:Haplochromis flavipinnis
1484:Haplochromis exspectatus
1351:Haplochromis eduardianus
1304:Haplochromis diplotaenia
1167:Haplochromis crocopeplus
1025:Haplochromis chromogynos
701:Haplochromis apogonoides
671:Haplochromis annectidens
619:Haplochromis albertianus
429:Systematics and taxonomy
320:Fishing on Lake Victoria
3585:Haplochromis teunisrasi
3568:Haplochromis teegelaari
3521:Haplochromis sulphureus
3349:Thys van den Audenaerde
3336:Haplochromis scheffersi
3216:Haplochromis riponianus
3156:Haplochromis pundamilia
3113:Haplochromis prognathus
2911:Haplochromis pellegrini
2725:Haplochromis orthostoma
2687:Thys van den Audenaerde
2657:Haplochromis oligolepis
2631:Haplochromis obtusidens
2483:Haplochromis nigrescens
2436:Haplochromis mylergates
2341:Haplochromis melichrous
2268:Haplochromis maxillaris
2113:Haplochromis macconneli
2001:Haplochromis lacrimosus
1902:Thys van den Audenaerde
1713:Haplochromis greenwoodi
1575:Haplochromis fusiformis
1446:Thys van den Audenaerde
1291:Haplochromis dichrourus
1159:Thys van den Audenaerde
1142:Haplochromis crebridens
1112:Haplochromis coprologus
948:Haplochromis bwathondii
765:Haplochromis artaxerxes
593:Haplochromis aeneocolor
5164:Cichlid fish of Africa
4955:10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
4926:Tetra Press, Germany.
4498:Anomalochromis thomasi
4218:(25 described species)
4121:
4108:
4093:
3895:Haplochromis xenostoma
3839:Haplochromis welcommei
3822:Haplochromis vonlinnei
3783:Haplochromis victoriae
3727:Haplochromis vanoijeni
3602:Haplochromis theliodon
3396:Haplochromis serridens
3357:Haplochromis schubotzi
3229:Haplochromis rubescens
3203:Haplochromis retrodens
3100:Haplochromis prodromus
3083:Haplochromis plutonius
3053:Haplochromis plagiodon
2950:Haplochromis petronius
2924:Haplochromis percoides
2898:Haplochromis paucidens
2885:Haplochromis parvidens
2808:Haplochromis paradoxus
2712:Haplochromis oregosoma
2670:Haplochromis olivaceus
2535:Haplochromis niloticus
2522:Haplochromis nigroides
2496:Haplochromis nigricans
2328:Haplochromis melanopus
1673:Haplochromis gracilior
1609:Haplochromis gigliolii
1403:Haplochromis engystoma
1390:Haplochromis empodisma
1338:Haplochromis dolorosus
1197:Haplochromis cryptodon
982:Haplochromis cavifrons
778:Haplochromis astatodon
752:Haplochromis argenteus
632:Haplochromis altigenis
518:molecular phylogenetic
4794:Haplochromis' snoeksi
4162:(9 described species)
4118:Sciaenochromis fryeri
4114:
4105:Nimbochromis venustus
4099:
4090:Melanochromis auratus
4083:
4058:sp. 'rainbow sheller'
3994:sp. 'Kyoga flameback'
3962:sp. 'black cryptodon'
3809:Haplochromis vittatus
3770:Haplochromis vicarius
3662:Haplochromis turkanae
3555:Haplochromis taurinus
3422:Haplochromis simpsoni
3383:Haplochromis serranus
3323:Haplochromis saxicola
3310:Haplochromis sauvagei
3036:Haplochromis placodus
3006:Haplochromis piceatus
2937:Haplochromis perrieri
2855:Haplochromis paropius
2751:Haplochromis pallidus
2588:Haplochromis nyererei
2410:Haplochromis microdon
2384:Haplochromis michaeli
2358:Haplochromis mentatus
2298:Haplochromis megalops
2212:Haplochromis maisomei
1971:Haplochromis labiatus
1958:Haplochromis kujunjui
1941:Haplochromis katunzii
1919:(Katavi mouthbrooder)
1876:Haplochromis ishmaeli
1846:Haplochromis insidiae
1803:Haplochromis humilior
1660:Haplochromis gowersii
1622:Haplochromis gilberti
1497:Haplochromis fischeri
1467:Haplochromis eutaenia
1364:Haplochromis eduardii
1068:Haplochromis cinereus
995:Haplochromis chilotes
935:Haplochromis bullatus
821:Haplochromis barbarae
684:Haplochromis antleter
423:critically endangered
365:Oreochromis niloticus
227:fishes; like similar
4546:confusion affecting
4026:sp. 'parvidens-like'
4018:sp. 'nigrofasciatus'
3757:Haplochromis venator
3744:Haplochromis velifer
3693:Haplochromis ushindi
3645:Haplochromis tridens
3453:Wamuini Lunkayilakio
3448:Haplochromis snoeksi
3435:Haplochromis smithii
3409:Haplochromis simotes
3139:Haplochromis ptistes
3023:Haplochromis pitmani
2575:Haplochromis nyanzae
2548:Haplochromis nubilus
2453:Haplochromis mylodon
2255:Haplochromis martini
2156:Haplochromis macrops
2057:Haplochromis lividus
1924:Haplochromis katonga
1816:Haplochromis humilis
1730:Haplochromis guiarti
1700:Haplochromis graueri
1377:Haplochromis elegans
1227:Haplochromis cyaneus
1081:Haplochromis cnester
1051:Haplochromis cinctus
965:Haplochromis cassius
922:Haplochromis brownae
899:Haplochromis bloyeti
886:Haplochromis bicolor
873:Haplochromis beadlei
847:Haplochromis bartoni
804:Haplochromis azureus
714:Haplochromis arcanus
554:Haplochromis acidens
328:The introduction of
4719:(2008), IUCN (2009)
4706:(2008), IUCN (2009)
4482:Pseudocrenilabrinae
4066:sp. 'small obesoid'
3909:Undescribed species
3538:Haplochromis tanaos
3465:Haplochromis spekii
2605:Haplochromis obesus
2096:Haplochromis luteus
1910:Haplochromis katavi
1790:Haplochromis howesi
1773:Haplochromis hiatus
1687:Haplochromis granti
1562:Haplochromis fuscus
1523:Haplochromis flavus
1278:Haplochromis dentex
1265:Haplochromis degeni
1184:Haplochromis cronus
860:Haplochromis bayoni
834:Haplochromis bareli
731:Haplochromis argens
510:Pseudocrenilabrinae
456:African Rift Valley
213:Pseudocrenilabrinae
160:Chromis obliquidens
4122:
4109:
4094:
3478:Haplochromis sphex
3293:Haplochromis rufus
2371:Haplochromis mento
2281:Haplochromis mbipi
2070:Haplochromis loati
2044:Haplochromis limax
1592:Haplochromis gigas
1454:Haplochromis estor
909:Haplochromis boops
791:Haplochromis avium
606:Haplochromis akika
454:While a number of
415:adaptive radiation
386:) may have become
266:of Hilgendorf was
231:they are known as
5146:
5145:
5118:Open Tree of Life
4967:Taxon identifiers
4957:
4935:
4915:
4744:(2001), FishBase
4672:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4640:
4632:
4624:
4616:
4608:
4600:
4592:
4584:
4576:
4568:
4392:Pseudocrenilabrus
4271:Hemitaeniochromis
4034:sp. 'purple head'
3903:
3890:
3877:
3860:
3847:
3834:
3817:
3804:
3791:
3778:
3765:
3752:
3739:
3722:
3701:
3688:
3670:
3657:
3640:
3627:
3610:
3597:
3580:
3563:
3550:
3533:
3516:
3503:
3490:
3473:
3460:
3443:
3430:
3417:
3404:
3391:
3378:
3365:
3352:
3331:
3318:
3305:
3288:
3271:
3258:
3237:
3224:
3211:
3198:
3185:
3168:
3151:
3134:
3121:
3108:
3095:
3078:
3065:
3048:
3031:
3018:
3001:
2988:
2975:
2958:
2945:
2932:
2919:
2906:
2893:
2880:
2867:
2850:
2833:
2820:
2803:
2790:
2773:
2759:
2746:
2733:
2720:
2707:
2690:
2665:
2652:
2639:
2626:
2613:
2600:
2583:
2570:
2556:
2543:
2530:
2517:
2504:
2491:
2478:
2461:
2448:
2431:
2418:
2405:
2392:
2379:
2366:
2353:
2336:
2323:
2310:
2293:
2276:
2263:
2250:
2237:
2220:
2207:
2190:
2177:
2164:
2151:
2138:
2121:
2108:
2091:
2078:
2065:
2052:
2039:
2026:
2009:
1996:
1979:
1966:
1953:
1936:
1918:
1905:
1884:
1871:
1859:Haplochromis iris
1854:
1841:
1824:
1811:
1798:
1785:
1768:
1751:
1738:
1725:
1708:
1695:
1681:
1668:
1655:
1634:
1617:
1604:
1587:
1570:
1556:
1539:
1518:
1505:
1492:
1479:
1462:
1449:
1428:
1411:
1398:
1385:
1372:
1359:
1346:
1333:
1316:
1299:
1286:
1273:
1260:
1243:
1222:
1205:
1192:
1179:
1162:
1137:
1124:
1106:
1093:
1076:
1063:
1046:
1033:
1020:
1003:
990:
977:
960:
943:
930:
917:
904:
894:
881:
868:
855:
842:
829:
816:
799:
786:
773:
760:
747:
726:
709:
696:
679:
666:
653:
640:
627:
614:
601:
588:
575:
562:
520:studies based on
350:carrying capacity
310:is not yet done.
217:East African Rift
186:
185:
147:
5181:
5139:
5138:
5126:
5125:
5113:
5112:
5100:
5099:
5087:
5086:
5074:
5073:
5061:
5060:
5048:
5047:
5035:
5034:
5022:
5021:
5009:
5008:
5007:
4994:
4993:
4992:
4962:
4949:
4940:
4927:
4921:
4907:
4896:
4884:
4868:
4852:
4836:
4833:
4827:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4800:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4764:
4745:
4738:
4732:
4729:
4720:
4713:
4707:
4700:
4694:
4691:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4638:
4630:
4628:Prognathochromis
4622:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4440:Taeniolethrinops
4151:Astatoreochromis
4002:sp. 'long snout'
3898:
3885:
3868:
3855:
3842:
3825:
3812:
3799:
3786:
3773:
3760:
3747:
3730:
3711:F. D. B. Schedel
3709:
3696:
3679:
3665:
3648:
3635:
3618:
3605:
3588:
3571:
3558:
3541:
3524:
3511:
3498:
3481:
3468:
3451:
3438:
3425:
3412:
3399:
3386:
3373:
3360:
3339:
3326:
3313:
3296:
3279:
3266:
3245:
3232:
3219:
3206:
3193:
3176:
3159:
3142:
3129:
3116:
3103:
3086:
3073:
3056:
3039:
3026:
3009:
2996:
2983:
2966:
2953:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2901:
2888:
2875:
2858:
2841:
2828:
2811:
2798:
2781:
2767:
2754:
2741:
2728:
2715:
2698:
2673:
2660:
2647:
2634:
2621:
2608:
2591:
2578:
2565:
2551:
2538:
2525:
2512:
2499:
2486:
2469:
2456:
2439:
2426:
2413:
2400:
2387:
2374:
2361:
2344:
2331:
2318:
2301:
2284:
2271:
2258:
2245:
2228:
2215:
2198:
2185:
2172:
2159:
2146:
2129:
2116:
2099:
2086:
2073:
2060:
2047:
2034:
2017:
2004:
1987:
1974:
1961:
1944:
1927:
1913:
1892:
1879:
1862:
1849:
1832:
1819:
1806:
1793:
1776:
1759:
1746:
1733:
1716:
1703:
1690:
1676:
1663:
1642:
1625:
1612:
1595:
1578:
1565:
1547:
1526:
1513:
1500:
1487:
1470:
1457:
1436:
1419:
1406:
1393:
1380:
1367:
1354:
1341:
1324:
1307:
1294:
1281:
1268:
1251:
1230:
1213:
1200:
1187:
1170:
1145:
1132:
1117:Niemantsverdriet
1115:
1101:
1084:
1071:
1054:
1041:
1028:
1011:
998:
985:
968:
953:Niemantsverdriet
951:
938:
925:
912:
902:
889:
876:
863:
850:
837:
824:
807:
794:
781:
768:
755:
734:
717:
704:
687:
674:
661:
648:
635:
622:
609:
596:
583:
570:
557:
533:phylogenetically
367:), an adaptable
348:was approaching
256:A.C.L.G. Günther
215:cichlids of the
164:Hilgendorf, 1888
142:
58:
57:
35:
21:
5189:
5188:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5149:
5148:
5147:
5142:
5134:
5129:
5121:
5116:
5108:
5103:
5095:
5090:
5082:
5077:
5069:
5064:
5056:
5051:
5043:
5038:
5030:
5025:
5017:
5012:
5003:
5002:
4997:
4988:
4987:
4982:
4969:
4938:
4919:
4916:(HTML abstract)
4894:
4879:
4864:
4848:
4845:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4830:
4820:
4816:
4798:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4766:
4765:
4748:
4739:
4735:
4730:
4723:
4714:
4710:
4701:
4697:
4692:
4688:
4683:
4675:
4671:Greenwood, 1980
4663:Greenwood, 1980
4655:Greenwood, 1980
4652:Tridontochromis
4647:Greenwood, 1980
4639:Greenwood, 1980
4631:Greenwood, 1980
4623:Boulenger, 1906
4599:Greenwood, 1980
4591:Greenwood, 1980
4583:Greenwood, 1980
4575:Greenwood, 1980
4567:Greenwood, 1980
4552:junior synonyms
4536:
4478:
4424:Stigmatochromis
4408:Schwetzochromis
4360:Pharyngochromis
4078:
4070:
3986:sp. 'frogmouth'
3911:
3906:
3719:U. K. Schliewen
3671:(Turkana haplo)
903:(Sauvage, 1883)
545:
478:Lake Tanganyika
431:
334:Lates niloticus
326:
316:
248:F.M. Hilgendorf
195:ray-finned fish
165:
162:
141:
52:
17:
16:Genus of fishes
12:
11:
5:
5187:
5185:
5177:
5176:
5171:
5169:Cichlid genera
5166:
5161:
5151:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5127:
5114:
5101:
5088:
5075:
5062:
5049:
5036:
5023:
5010:
4995:
4979:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4948:(3): 361–374.
4936:
4917:
4906:(4): 401-417.
4892:
4877:
4862:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4828:
4814:
4782:
4746:
4733:
4721:
4715:Kishe-Machumu
4708:
4695:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4674:
4673:
4665:
4657:
4649:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4620:Platytaeniodus
4617:
4609:
4601:
4596:Harpagochromis
4593:
4585:
4577:
4569:
4560:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4520:Tilapia jallae
4516:
4505:
4477:
4476:
4472:Tyrannochromis
4468:
4460:
4456:Tramitichromis
4452:
4448:Thoracochromis
4444:
4436:
4428:
4420:
4416:Sciaenochromis
4412:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4380:
4372:
4368:Placidochromis
4364:
4356:
4348:
4340:
4332:
4324:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4283:
4275:
4267:
4263:Fossorochromis
4259:
4255:Eclectochromis
4251:
4247:Dimidiochromis
4243:
4235:
4227:
4219:
4211:
4203:
4195:
4191:Champsochromis
4187:
4179:
4171:
4163:
4155:
4146:
4142:"Haplochromis"
4077:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4060:
4052:
4044:
4036:
4028:
4020:
4012:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3972:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3946:sp. 'Amboseli'
3940:
3931:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3891:
3878:
3861:
3848:
3835:
3818:
3805:
3792:
3779:
3766:
3753:
3740:
3723:
3702:
3689:
3672:
3658:
3641:
3628:
3611:
3598:
3581:
3564:
3551:
3534:
3517:
3504:
3491:
3474:
3461:
3444:
3431:
3418:
3405:
3392:
3379:
3366:
3353:
3332:
3319:
3306:
3289:
3272:
3259:
3238:
3225:
3212:
3199:
3186:
3169:
3152:
3135:
3122:
3109:
3096:
3079:
3066:
3049:
3032:
3019:
3002:
2989:
2976:
2959:
2946:
2933:
2920:
2907:
2894:
2881:
2868:
2851:
2834:
2821:
2804:
2791:
2774:
2760:
2747:
2734:
2721:
2708:
2691:
2666:
2653:
2640:
2627:
2614:
2601:
2584:
2571:
2558:
2544:
2531:
2518:
2505:
2492:
2479:
2462:
2449:
2432:
2419:
2406:
2393:
2380:
2367:
2354:
2337:
2324:
2311:
2294:
2277:
2264:
2251:
2238:
2221:
2208:
2191:
2178:
2165:
2152:
2139:
2122:
2109:
2092:
2079:
2066:
2053:
2040:
2027:
2010:
1997:
1980:
1967:
1954:
1937:
1920:
1906:
1885:
1872:
1855:
1842:
1825:
1812:
1799:
1786:
1769:
1752:
1739:
1726:
1709:
1696:
1683:
1669:
1656:
1635:
1618:
1605:
1588:
1571:
1558:
1540:
1519:
1506:
1493:
1480:
1463:
1450:
1429:
1412:
1399:
1386:
1373:
1360:
1347:
1334:
1317:
1300:
1287:
1274:
1261:
1244:
1223:
1206:
1193:
1180:
1163:
1138:
1125:
1108:
1107:(Kachira blue)
1094:
1077:
1064:
1047:
1034:
1021:
1004:
991:
978:
961:
944:
931:
918:
905:
895:
882:
869:
856:
843:
830:
817:
800:
787:
774:
761:
748:
727:
710:
697:
680:
667:
654:
641:
628:
615:
602:
589:
576:
563:
549:
544:
541:
505:Thoracochromis
461:H. obliquidens
430:
427:
315:
312:
308:H. obliquidens
278:junior homonym
269:H. obliquidens
209:wastebin taxon
184:
183:
174:
173:
167:
166:
163:
156:
155:
149:
148:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
97:Actinopterygii
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5186:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5137:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5093:
5089:
5085:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5067:
5063:
5059:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5006:
5000:
4996:
4991:
4985:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4963:
4956:
4952:
4947:
4944:
4937:
4934:
4933:1-56465-167-3
4930:
4925:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4851:
4847:
4846:
4842:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4818:
4815:
4811:(3): 279–287.
4810:
4806:
4805:
4797:
4795:
4786:
4783:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4734:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4712:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4696:
4690:
4687:
4680:
4678:
4669:
4666:
4661:
4658:
4653:
4650:
4645:
4644:Psammochromis
4642:
4637:
4634:
4629:
4626:
4621:
4618:
4613:
4610:
4605:
4602:
4597:
4594:
4589:
4586:
4581:
4580:Enterochromis
4578:
4573:
4572:Cleptochromis
4570:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4538:With all the
4534:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4515:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4492:. These are:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4464:Trematocranus
4461:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4432:Taeniochromis
4429:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4336:Nyassachromis
4333:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4304:Melanochromis
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4215:Copadichromis
4212:
4209:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4199:Cheilochromis
4196:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4159:Astatotilapia
4156:
4153:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4130:Haplochromini
4127:
4120:
4119:
4113:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4091:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4011:
4009:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3908:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
996:
992:
988:
984:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
949:
945:
941:
937:
936:
932:
928:
924:
923:
919:
915:
911:
910:
906:
901:
900:
896:
892:
888:
887:
883:
879:
875:
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:
857:
853:
849:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:
831:
827:
823:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
805:
801:
797:
793:
792:
788:
784:
780:
779:
775:
771:
767:
766:
762:
758:
754:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
715:
711:
707:
703:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:
668:
664:
660:
659:
655:
651:
647:
646:
642:
638:
634:
633:
629:
625:
621:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:
603:
599:
595:
594:
590:
586:
582:
581:
577:
573:
569:
568:
564:
560:
556:
555:
551:
550:
548:
542:
540:
538:
534:
530:
527:
524:alone, while
523:
519:
516:is hampering
515:
511:
507:
506:
501:
500:
499:Astatotilapia
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
462:
457:
452:
450:
446:
445:Haplochromini
443:
439:
435:
428:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
378:
377:Haplochromini
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:Lake Victoria
335:
331:
325:
321:
313:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
270:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:Haplochromini
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
191:
182:
181:
175:
172:
168:
161:
157:
154:
150:
145:
140:
139:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:Haplochromini
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
5159:Haplochromis
5019:Haplochromis
5005:Haplochromis
4975:Haplochromis
4974:
4945:
4942:
4923:
4903:
4898:
4886:
4872:Haplochromis
4871:
4857:Haplochromis
4856:
4831:
4823:
4817:
4808:
4802:
4793:
4785:
4776:
4772:
4741:
4736:
4716:
4711:
4703:
4698:
4689:
4676:
4667:
4660:Xystichromis
4659:
4651:
4643:
4635:
4627:
4619:
4611:
4604:Labrochromis
4603:
4595:
4588:Gaurochromis
4587:
4579:
4571:
4563:
4556:Haplochromis
4555:
4548:Haplochromis
4547:
4537:
4533:Haplochromis
4532:
4531:Synonyms of
4518:
4514:Lamprologini
4507:
4503:Hemichromini
4496:
4486:Haplochromis
4485:
4479:
4470:
4462:
4454:
4451:(12 species)
4446:
4438:
4430:
4422:
4414:
4406:
4400:Sargochromis
4398:
4390:
4382:
4379:(15 species)
4374:
4371:(43 species)
4366:
4358:
4355:(13 species)
4350:
4347:(14 species)
4344:Orthochromis
4342:
4334:
4328:Nimbochromis
4326:
4320:Naevochromis
4318:
4315:(21 species)
4310:
4307:(27 species)
4302:
4294:
4291:(25 species)
4289:/Metriaclima
4285:
4282:(24 species)
4277:
4269:
4261:
4253:
4245:
4237:
4231:Ctenopharynx
4229:
4223:Ctenochromis
4221:
4213:
4205:
4197:
4189:
4183:Caprichromis
4181:
4175:Buccochromis
4173:
4170:(22 species)
4165:
4157:
4149:
4141:
4138:Haplochromis
4137:
4124:Among other
4123:
4116:
4104:
4089:
4086:Golden Mbuna
4075:Haplochromis
4074:
4073:Formerly in
4064:Haplochromis
4063:
4056:Haplochromis
4055:
4048:Haplochromis
4047:
4040:Haplochromis
4039:
4032:Haplochromis
4031:
4024:Haplochromis
4023:
4016:Haplochromis
4015:
4010:sp. 'Migori'
4008:Haplochromis
4007:
4000:Haplochromis
3999:
3992:Haplochromis
3991:
3984:Haplochromis
3983:
3976:Haplochromis
3975:
3968:Haplochromis
3967:
3960:Haplochromis
3959:
3952:Haplochromis
3951:
3944:Haplochromis
3943:
3936:Haplochromis
3935:
3927:Haplochromis
3926:
3923:color morphs
3912:
3893:
3880:
3863:
3850:
3837:
3820:
3807:
3794:
3781:
3768:
3755:
3742:
3725:
3704:
3691:
3674:
3660:
3643:
3630:
3613:
3600:
3583:
3566:
3553:
3536:
3519:
3506:
3493:
3476:
3463:
3446:
3433:
3420:
3407:
3394:
3381:
3368:
3355:
3334:
3321:
3308:
3291:
3274:
3261:
3240:
3227:
3214:
3201:
3188:
3171:
3154:
3137:
3124:
3111:
3098:
3081:
3068:
3051:
3034:
3021:
3004:
2991:
2978:
2961:
2948:
2935:
2922:
2909:
2896:
2883:
2870:
2853:
2836:
2823:
2806:
2793:
2776:
2762:
2749:
2736:
2723:
2710:
2693:
2668:
2655:
2642:
2629:
2616:
2603:
2586:
2573:
2560:
2546:
2533:
2520:
2507:
2494:
2481:
2464:
2451:
2434:
2421:
2408:
2395:
2382:
2369:
2356:
2339:
2326:
2313:
2296:
2279:
2266:
2253:
2240:
2223:
2210:
2193:
2180:
2167:
2154:
2141:
2124:
2111:
2094:
2081:
2068:
2055:
2042:
2029:
2012:
1999:
1982:
1969:
1956:
1939:
1922:
1908:
1887:
1874:
1857:
1844:
1827:
1821:Steindachner
1814:
1801:
1788:
1771:
1754:
1741:
1728:
1711:
1698:
1685:
1671:
1658:
1637:
1620:
1607:
1590:
1573:
1560:
1542:
1521:
1508:
1495:
1482:
1465:
1452:
1431:
1414:
1401:
1388:
1375:
1362:
1349:
1336:
1319:
1302:
1289:
1276:
1263:
1246:
1225:
1208:
1195:
1182:
1165:
1140:
1127:
1110:
1096:
1079:
1066:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1006:
993:
980:
963:
946:
933:
920:
907:
897:
884:
871:
858:
845:
832:
819:
802:
789:
776:
763:
750:
729:
712:
699:
682:
669:
656:
643:
630:
617:
604:
591:
578:
565:
552:
546:
537:Haplochromis
536:
503:
497:
494:Haplochromis
493:
486:Haplochromis
485:
466:Haplochromis
465:
459:
453:
434:Haplochromis
433:
432:
418:
403:Haplochromis
402:
392:
384:Haplochromis
383:
364:
361:Nile tilapia
356:
333:
327:
307:
300:Haplochromis
299:
289:
273:
267:
264:type species
259:
245:
240:
236:
232:
190:Haplochromis
189:
188:
187:
177:
159:
153:Type species
138:Haplochromis
137:
136:
107:Cichliformes
40:
25:Haplochromis
24:
18:
5066:iNaturalist
4999:Wikispecies
4900:Anim. Biol.
4668:Yssichromis
4636:Ptyochromis
4615:Regan, 1920
4612:Lipochromis
4607:Regan, 1920
4564:Allochromis
4480:Some other
4475:(4 species)
4467:(3 species)
4459:(5 species)
4443:(4 species)
4435:(monotypic)
4427:(4 species)
4419:(4 species)
4411:(monotypic)
4403:(8 species)
4395:(3 species)
4387:(4 species)
4363:(2 species)
4339:(8 species)
4331:(5 species)
4323:(monotypic)
4312:Mylochromis
4299:(6 species)
4274:(monotypic)
4266:(monotypic)
4258:(2 species)
4250:(4 species)
4242:(monotypic)
4234:(3 species)
4210:(6 species)
4202:(monotypic)
4194:(2 species)
4186:(2 species)
4178:(7 species)
4154:(3 species)
4115:Adult male
4101:Giraffe Hap
4084:Adult male
3970:sp. 'Chala'
2200:L. R. David
482:Lake Malawi
395:trophic web
354:carnivorous
288:fish genus
5153:Categories
4843:References
4779:: 201–250.
4544:systematic
4384:Pundamilia
4376:Protomelas
4352:Otopharynx
4279:Lethrinops
4167:Aulonocara
4042:sp. 'ruby'
3919:subspecies
3594:Witte-Maas
3483:ter Huurne
3208:Hilgendorf
3182:Witte-Maas
2623:Hilgendorf
2593:Witte-Maas
2567:Hilgendorf
2088:Hilgendorf
1946:ter Huurne
1864:Hoogerhoud
1778:Hoogerhoud
1765:Witte-Maas
1553:Pappenheim
1549:Hilgendorf
1090:Witte-Maas
987:Hilgendorf
438:type genus
421:are still
411:speciation
369:generalist
346:population
330:Nile perch
318:See also:
178:Many, see
144:Hilgendorf
4731:FishBase
4681:Footnotes
4540:taxonomic
4525:Tilapiini
4287:Maylandia
4239:Cyrtocara
4134:monotypic
3887:Greenwood
3870:Seehausen
3844:Greenwood
3827:van Oijen
3814:Boulenger
3801:Pellegrin
3788:Greenwood
3762:Greenwood
3698:van Oijen
3681:Greenwood
3667:Greenwood
3637:Greenwood
3620:van Oijen
3607:Greenwood
3573:Greenwood
3543:van Oijen
3526:Greenwood
3470:Boulenger
3440:Castelnau
3427:Greenwood
3414:Boulenger
3375:Greenwood
3362:Boulenger
3328:Greenwood
3302:Lippitsch
3298:Seehausen
3281:Seehausen
3251:Lippitsch
3247:Seehausen
3221:Boulenger
3195:van Oijen
3161:Seehausen
3144:Greenwood
3131:Greenwood
3118:Pellegrin
3088:Greenwood
3011:Greenwood
2998:Greenwood
2955:Greenwood
2942:Pellegrin
2929:Boulenger
2890:Boulenger
2877:Greenwood
2860:Greenwood
2843:Greenwood
2830:Greenwood
2813:Lippitsch
2800:Boulenger
2770:Greenwood
2756:Boulenger
2743:Greenwood
2717:Greenwood
2700:Seehausen
2662:Lippitsch
2610:Boulenger
2580:Greenwood
2553:Boulenger
2540:Greenwood
2527:Pellegrin
2501:Boulenger
2488:Pellegrin
2471:Greenwood
2458:Greenwood
2441:Greenwood
2428:Boulenger
2415:Boulenger
2346:Greenwood
2303:Greenwood
2286:Lippitsch
2260:Boulenger
2247:Greenwood
2217:van Oijen
2187:Pellegrin
2174:Greenwood
2161:Boulenger
2131:Seehausen
2118:Greenwood
2101:Seehausen
2075:Greenwood
2062:Greenwood
2019:Greenwood
2006:Boulenger
1963:van Oijen
1881:Boulenger
1838:Lippitsch
1834:Seehausen
1808:Boulenger
1795:van Oijen
1761:F. Wittee
1748:van Oijen
1735:Pellegrin
1718:Seehausen
1705:Boulenger
1692:Boulenger
1678:Boulenger
1648:Westbroek
1627:Greenwood
1601:Lippitsch
1597:Seehausen
1580:Greenwood
1536:Lippitsch
1528:Seehausen
1515:Boulenger
1421:Greenwood
1395:Greenwood
1356:Boulenger
1326:Greenwood
1270:Boulenger
1253:Greenwood
1232:Seehausen
1215:Greenwood
1202:Greenwood
1189:Greenwood
1172:Greenwood
1134:Boulenger
1073:Boulenger
1056:Greenwood
1043:van Oijen
1030:Greenwood
1013:Greenwood
1000:Boulenger
970:Greenwood
927:Greenwood
914:Greenwood
891:Boulenger
865:Boulenger
852:Greenwood
839:van Oijen
826:Greenwood
813:Lippitsch
809:Seehausen
770:Greenwood
740:Westbroek
719:Greenwood
706:Greenwood
663:Boulenger
611:Lippitsch
598:Greenwood
585:Greenwood
572:Boulenger
559:Greenwood
514:hybridize
399:evolution
342:ecosystem
282:G. Cuvier
274:"Chromis"
260:"Chromis"
237:"happies"
205:Cichlidae
117:Cichlidae
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
4984:Wikidata
4922:(1994):
4885:(2009):
4866:FishBase
4850:FishBase
3938:sp. '75'
3915:aquarium
3831:de Zeeuw
3775:Trewavas
3749:Trewavas
3736:F. Witte
3732:de Zeeuw
3654:Trewavas
3624:F. Witte
3590:F. Witte
3560:Trewavas
3547:F. Witte
3487:F. Witte
3268:Trewavas
3178:F. Witte
3105:Trewavas
3062:Trewavas
2787:F. Witte
2772:, 1980)f
2636:Trewavas
2597:F. Witte
2389:Trewavas
2320:Trewavas
2273:Trewavas
2049:Trewavas
1993:La Monte
1976:Trewavas
1950:F. Witte
1868:F. Witte
1782:F. Witte
1665:Trewavas
1652:de Zeeuw
1644:F. Witte
1476:Trewavas
1408:Trewavas
1382:Trewavas
1343:Trewavas
1313:Trewavas
1121:F. Witte
1086:F. Witte
957:F. Witte
940:Trewavas
878:Trewavas
744:F. Witte
736:de Zeeuw
693:F. Witte
676:Trewavas
490:taxonomy
470:FishBase
407:adapting
382:(mostly
252:subgenus
233:"haplos"
225:aquarium
171:Synonyms
113:Family:
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
5084:1012282
5058:2373265
4990:Q133344
4859:species
4523:of the
4512:of the
4501:of the
4296:Mchenga
3388:Pfeffer
3315:Pfeffer
2817:Kaufman
1989:Nichols
1929:Schraml
1915:Seegers
1614:Pfeffer
1532:Zwennes
1502:Seegers
1489:Schraml
1240:Zwennes
1103:Schraml
650:Schraml
543:Species
526:trophic
440:of the
436:is the
388:extinct
380:species
373:endemic
306:around
291:Chromis
200:in the
133:Genus:
123:Tribe:
103:Order:
93:Class:
5136:269314
5123:288092
5097:169852
5032:158228
4931:
4883:(IUCN)
4855:Valid
4742:et al.
4717:et al.
4704:et al.
4207:Chetia
4126:genera
3902:, 1922
3889:, 1957
3876:, 1998
3874:Bouton
3872:&
3859:, 1929
3846:, 1966
3833:, 2008
3829:&
3816:, 1901
3803:, 1904
3790:, 1956
3777:, 1933
3764:, 1965
3751:, 1933
3738:, 2010
3734:&
3721:, 2014
3717:&
3700:, 2004
3687:, 1969
3683:&
3669:, 1974
3656:, 1928
3652:&
3639:, 1967
3626:, 1996
3622:&
3609:, 1960
3596:, 1981
3592:&
3579:, 1978
3575:&
3562:, 1933
3549:, 1996
3545:&
3532:, 1978
3528:&
3515:, 1922
3502:, 1921
3489:, 2010
3485:&
3472:, 1906
3459:, 2010
3457:Vreven
3455:&
3442:, 1861
3429:, 1965
3416:, 1911
3403:, 1925
3390:, 1896
3377:, 1973
3364:, 1914
3351:, 1987
3347:&
3345:De Vos
3341:Snoeks
3330:, 1960
3317:, 1896
3304:, 1998
3300:&
3287:, 1998
3285:Bouton
3283:&
3270:, 1933
3257:, 1998
3255:Bouton
3253:&
3236:, 1994
3234:Snoeks
3223:, 1911
3210:, 1888
3197:, 1991
3184:, 1987
3180:&
3167:, 1998
3165:Bouton
3163:&
3150:, 1978
3146:&
3133:, 1967
3120:, 1904
3107:, 1935
3094:, 1978
3090:&
3077:, 1922
3064:, 1928
3060:&
3047:, 1939
3043:&
3030:, 1936
3028:Fowler
3017:, 1969
3013:&
3000:, 1966
2987:, 1929
2974:, 1939
2970:&
2957:, 1973
2944:, 1909
2931:, 1906
2918:, 1922
2905:, 1921
2892:, 1911
2879:, 1967
2866:, 1969
2862:&
2849:, 1969
2845:&
2832:, 1967
2819:, 2003
2815:&
2802:, 1914
2789:, 2010
2785:&
2783:Mietes
2758:, 1911
2745:, 1967
2732:, 1922
2719:, 1973
2706:, 1998
2704:Bouton
2702:&
2689:, 1990
2685:&
2683:Coenen
2679:De Vos
2675:Snoeks
2664:, 2003
2651:, 1988
2649:Snoeks
2638:, 1928
2625:, 1888
2612:, 1906
2599:, 1985
2595:&
2582:, 1962
2569:, 1888
2555:, 1906
2542:, 1960
2529:, 1928
2516:, 1921
2503:, 1906
2490:, 1909
2477:, 1978
2473:&
2460:, 1973
2447:, 1978
2443:&
2430:, 1913
2417:, 1906
2404:, 1994
2402:Snoeks
2391:, 1928
2378:, 1922
2365:, 1925
2352:, 1969
2348:&
2335:, 1922
2322:, 1928
2309:, 1969
2305:&
2292:, 1998
2290:Bouton
2288:&
2275:, 1928
2262:, 1906
2249:, 1962
2236:, 1939
2232:&
2219:, 1991
2206:, 1937
2202:&
2189:, 1913
2176:, 1973
2163:, 1911
2150:, 1922
2137:, 1998
2135:Bouton
2133:&
2120:, 1974
2107:, 1998
2105:Bouton
2103:&
2090:, 1888
2077:, 1971
2064:, 1956
2051:, 1933
2038:, 1929
2025:, 1969
2021:&
2008:, 1906
1995:, 1938
1991:&
1978:, 1933
1965:, 1991
1952:, 2010
1948:&
1935:, 2010
1931:&
1917:, 1996
1904:, 1984
1900:&
1898:Coenen
1894:Snoeks
1883:, 1906
1870:, 1981
1866:&
1853:, 1994
1851:Snoeks
1840:, 1998
1836:&
1823:, 1866
1810:, 1911
1797:, 1992
1784:, 1981
1780:&
1767:, 1987
1763:&
1750:, 1991
1737:, 1904
1724:, 1998
1722:Bouton
1720:&
1707:, 1914
1694:, 1906
1680:, 1914
1667:, 1928
1654:, 2013
1650:&
1633:, 1969
1629:&
1616:, 1896
1603:, 1998
1599:&
1586:, 1969
1582:&
1569:, 1925
1555:, 1903
1551:&
1538:, 1998
1534:&
1517:, 1906
1504:, 2008
1491:, 2004
1478:, 1928
1474:&
1461:, 1929
1448:, 1991
1444:&
1442:Snoeks
1438:De Vos
1427:, 1969
1423:&
1410:, 1933
1397:, 1960
1384:, 1933
1371:, 1921
1358:, 1914
1345:, 1933
1332:, 1969
1328:&
1315:, 1928
1311:&
1298:, 1922
1285:, 1922
1272:, 1906
1259:, 1969
1255:&
1242:, 1998
1238:&
1236:Bouton
1221:, 1969
1217:&
1204:, 1959
1191:, 1959
1178:, 1978
1174:&
1161:, 1990
1157:&
1155:Coenen
1151:De Vos
1147:Snoeks
1136:, 1906
1123:, 2010
1119:&
1105:, 2004
1092:, 1981
1088:&
1075:, 1906
1062:, 1969
1058:&
1045:, 1991
1032:, 1959
1019:, 1969
1015:&
1002:, 1911
989:, 1888
976:, 1978
972:&
959:, 2010
955:&
942:, 1938
929:, 1962
916:, 1967
893:, 1906
880:, 1933
867:, 1909
854:, 1962
841:, 1991
828:, 1967
815:, 1998
811:&
798:, 1929
785:, 1921
772:, 1962
759:, 1922
746:, 2013
742:&
725:, 1969
721:&
708:, 1967
695:, 2010
691:&
689:Mietes
678:, 1933
665:, 1914
652:, 2004
639:, 1922
626:, 1929
613:, 2003
600:, 1973
587:, 1959
574:, 1914
561:, 1967
529:morphs
359:. The
241:"haps"
211:" for
202:family
146:, 1888
5131:WoRMS
5079:IRMNG
5071:88722
5045:635S2
4799:(PDF)
4740:Nagl
4490:tribe
3900:Regan
3857:Regan
3715:Friel
3650:Regan
3577:Barel
3530:Barel
3513:Regan
3500:Regan
3401:Regan
3148:Barel
3092:Barel
3075:Regan
3058:Regan
3045:Damas
2985:Regan
2972:Damas
2916:Regan
2903:Regan
2730:Regan
2514:Regan
2475:Barel
2445:Barel
2376:Regan
2363:Regan
2333:Regan
2234:Damas
2148:Regan
2036:Regan
1933:Tichy
1567:Regan
1472:Regan
1459:Regan
1369:Regan
1309:Regan
1296:Regan
1283:Regan
1176:Barel
974:Barel
796:Regan
783:Regan
757:Regan
637:Regan
624:Regan
522:mtDNA
474:below
472:(see
449:split
442:tribe
419:Lates
357:Lates
336:) to
304:clade
298:from
286:ocean
198:genus
193:is a
5110:8121
5105:NCBI
5092:ITIS
5053:GBIF
5027:BOLD
4929:ISBN
4874:taxa
4542:and
3041:Poll
2968:Poll
2230:Poll
2204:Poll
502:and
480:and
322:and
221:fish
180:text
5040:CoL
5014:ADW
4951:doi
4909:doi
4128:of
3921:or
3685:Gee
3015:Gee
2864:Gee
2847:Gee
2350:Gee
2307:Gee
2023:Gee
1631:Gee
1584:Gee
1425:Gee
1330:Gee
1257:Gee
1219:Gee
1060:Gee
1017:Gee
723:Gee
512:to
284:'s
280:of
258:'s
254:of
239:or
5155::
5133::
5120::
5107::
5094::
5081::
5068::
5055::
5042::
5029::
5016::
5001::
4986::
4946:20
4904:58
4869::
4853::
4809:21
4807:.
4801:.
4792:"'
4777:84
4775:.
4771:.
4749:^
4724:^
3713:,
3343:,
3249:,
2681:,
2677:,
1896:,
1646:,
1530:,
1440:,
1234:,
1153:,
1149:,
738:,
496:,
272:.
235:,
4953::
4911::
4826:.
4107:)
4103:(
4092:)
4088:(
2768:(
363:(
332:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
