853:, then straightens, thereby propelling itself rapidly forward. Functionally this is a fast escape response, triggered most easily by a strong sound wave or pressure wave impinging on the lateral line organ of the fish. Mauthner cells are not the only identified neurons in fish—there are about 20 more types, including pairs of "Mauthner cell analogs" in each spinal segmental nucleus. Although a Mauthner cell is capable of bringing about an escape response all by itself, in the context of ordinary behavior other types of cells usually contribute to shaping the amplitude and direction of the response.
685:
195:
47:
1794:
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868:, used for pioneering experiments in neurophysiology because of their enormous size, both participate in the fast escape circuit of the squid. The concept of a command neuron has, however, become controversial, because of studies showing that some neurons that initially appeared to fit the description were really only capable of evoking a response in a limited set of circumstances.
5246:
1479:'Mr. Bennet, how can you abuse your own children in such a way? You take delight in vexing me. You have no compassion on my poor nerves.' 'You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration these twenty years at least.'
491:
to the site of injury allowing
Schwann cells, basal lamina, and the neurilemma near the injury to begin producing a regeneration tube. Nerve growth factors are produced causing many nerve sprouts to bud. When one of the growth processes finds the regeneration tube, it begins to grow rapidly towards
848:
of fish. Every fish has two
Mauthner cells, located in the bottom part of the brainstem, one on the left side and one on the right. Each Mauthner cell has an axon that crosses over, innervating (stimulating) neurons at the same brain level and then travelling down through the spinal cord, making
840:
if it has properties that distinguish it from every other neuron in the same animal—properties such as location, neurotransmitter, gene expression pattern, and connectivity—and if every individual organism belonging to the same species has exactly one neuron with the same set of properties. In
1433:
William Cullen as early as 1785 postulated that certain mental disorders were the result of some unknown physical change in the nerves, for which he coined the term neurosis. This term has since quite altered its meaning, as it now refers not to a state of the nerves but to a nervous
492:
its original destination guided the entire time by the regeneration tube. Nerve regeneration is very slow and can take up to several months to complete. While this process does repair some nerves, there will still be some functional deficit as the repairs are not perfect.
663:
nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system is activated in cases of emergencies to mobilize energy, while the parasympathetic nervous system is activated when organisms are in a relaxed state. The enteric nervous system functions to control the
860:. A command neuron is a special type of identified neuron, defined as a neuron that is capable of driving a specific behavior all by itself. Such neurons appear most commonly in the fast escape systems of various species—the
849:
numerous connections as it goes. The synapses generated by a
Mauthner cell are so powerful that a single action potential gives rise to a major behavioral response: within milliseconds the fish curves its body into a
447:
that section of the body or organ. Other terms relate to whether the nerve affects the same side ("ipsilateral") or opposite side ("contralateral") of the body, to the part of the brain that supplies it.
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vertebrate nervous systems, very few neurons are "identified" in this sense. Researchers believe humans have none—but in simpler nervous systems, some or all neurons may be thus unique.
269:, which forms a complete sleeve around a bundle of axons. Perineurial septae extend into the nerve and subdivide it into several bundles of fibres. Surrounding each such fibre is the
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Specific terms are used to describe nerves and their actions. A nerve that supplies information to the brain from an area of the body, or controls an action of the body is said to
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serve for the nervous system. There is no brain or centralised head region, and instead there are interconnected neurons spread out in nerve nets. These are found in
941:'s 1785 hypothesis associating mental states with physical nerves, although popular or lay medicine may still invoke "nerves" in diagnosing or blaming any sort of
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from nerve irritation (or injury), the amount of endoneurial fluid may increase at the site of irritation. This increase in fluid can be visualized using
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information and outgoing muscle commands in the same bundle. All spinal nerves are mixed nerves, and some of the cranial nerves are also mixed nerves.
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Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J.; Fitzpatrick, David; Hall, William C.; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; McNamara, James O.; White, Leonard E. (2008).
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782:, weakness, numbness or paralysis, an example being CTS. Symptoms can be felt in areas far from the actual site of damage, a phenomenon called
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273:. This forms an unbroken tube from the surface of the spinal cord to the level where the axon synapses with its muscle fibres, or ends in
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Nerves have historically been considered the basic units of the peripheral nervous system. A nerve provides a common pathway for the
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of the neuron is not damaged, the axons can regenerate and remake the synaptic connections with neurons with the help of
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system. Both autonomic and enteric nervous systems function involuntarily. Nerves that exit from the cranium are called
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312:. Molecules are thereby prevented from crossing the blood into the endoneurial fluid. During the development of nerve
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occurs when pressure is placed on a nerve, usually from swelling due to an injury, or pregnancy and can result in
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Kanda, T (Feb 2013). "Biology of the blood-nerve barrier and its alteration in immune mediated neuropathies".
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neurons conducting at speeds up to 120 m/s. The impulses travel from one neuron to another by crossing a
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in everyday
English we find lay terms such as 'nervous breakdown' that relate to mental illness as a whole
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504:) carried by the individual neurons that make up the nerve. These impulses are extremely fast, with some
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Nerve growth normally ends in adolescence, but can be re-stimulated with a molecular mechanism known as "
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Nerves can be categorized into two groups based on where they connect to the central nervous system:
354:
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of an individual's own immune system damage the myelin sheaths that insulate the axon of the nerve.
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2012:
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539:, in the peripheral nervous system are called nerves, and bundles of afferent fibers are known as
292:
Within the endoneurium, the individual nerve fibres are surrounded by a low-protein liquid called
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1414:. International perspectives in philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford University Press. p. 99.
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A nerve conveys information in the form of electrochemical impulses (as nerve impulses known as
1497:. International perspectives in philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford University Press. p. 1.
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to the central nervous system, where the information is then processed. Bundles of fibres or
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Nerves are categorized into three groups based on the direction that signals are conducted:
274:
164:
160:
1163:"Laser-based single-axon transection for high-content axon injury and regeneration studies"
585:
to and from different parts of its body. In vertebrates it consists of two main parts, the
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1377:
1151:(Oct. 22, 1999) — Results Could Boost Understanding Of Alzheimer's, Other Brain Disorders
624:
nerves, while those nerves that transmit information from the body to the CNS are called
1178:
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605:. The PNS consists mainly of nerves, which are enclosed bundles of the long fibers or
249:
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2007:
1942:
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1532:
1128:
1032:
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845:
786:. Referred pain can happen when the damage causes altered signalling to other areas.
783:
775:
673:
286:
172:
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2614:
1937:
1885:
1687:
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994:
921:
758:
633:
551:
387:
358:
223:
202:
Within a nerve, each axon is surrounded by a layer of connective tissue called the
184:
62:
946:
700:
214:. Finally, the entire nerve is wrapped in a layer of connective tissue called the
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2391:
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2186:
2181:
2121:
1447:
1222:"Pathophysiology of Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Brief Review: Nerve Regeneration"
909:
710:
can spread by invading the spaces around nerves. This is particularly common in
602:
554:
in the central nervous system to muscles. Bundles of these fibres are known as
395:
372:
270:
266:
238:
227:
211:
203:
1221:
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2319:
2289:
2238:
2143:
1851:
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innervate (distribute to/stimulate) much of the body, and connect through the
278:
262:
215:
1112:
108:
2413:
2208:
1989:
1766:
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worry or hesitancy, as in the common traditional phrases "my poor nerves", "
876:
789:
598:
417:
1820:
1206:
1120:
17:
428:
is sometimes included. In addition, cranial nerves have descriptive names.
210:, and each fascicle is wrapped in a layer of connective tissue called the
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2552:
2547:
2474:
2346:
1927:
1912:
1890:
1725:
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754:
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403:
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contain both afferent and efferent axons, and thus conduct both incoming
282:
767:
is a disease associated with extensive nerve damage. It occurs when the
3935:
2619:
2537:
2514:
2418:
2408:
2403:
2341:
2324:
2277:
1982:
1932:
1907:
917:
801:
509:
320:, and thus MR neurography can identify nerve irritation and/or injury.
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3897:
3082:
2574:
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2504:
2499:
2445:
2381:
2329:
2248:
2138:
2126:
2081:
2040:
2035:
1977:
1902:
797:
707:
578:
488:
469:
362:
289:, since the neurons of a nerve have fairly high energy requirements.
277:. The endoneurium consists of an inner sleeve of material called the
188:
180:
27:
Enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system
725:
Nerves can be damaged by physical injury as well as conditions like
1638:
Brave New Brain: Conquering Mental
Illness in the Era of the Genome
1142:
Yale Study Shows Way To Re-Stimulate Brain Cell Growth
ScienceDaily
844:
In vertebrates, the best known identified neurons are the gigantic
2584:
2579:
2464:
2098:
1999:
1957:
1947:
1896:
1565:
Binder, Marc D.; Hirokawa, Nobutaka; Windhorst, Uwe, eds. (2009).
1460:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 32.
757:, or failure of the blood vessels surrounding the nerve all cause
683:
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413:
376:
366:
313:
248:
193:
133:
79:
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3845:
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2351:
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1962:
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348:
179:. Each axon, within the nerve, is an extension of an individual
168:
149:
5264:
4566:
4205:
4076:
3086:
2649:
1824:
640:
nerves. The PNS is divided into three separate subsystems, the
218:. Nerve cells (often called neurons) are further classified as
2386:
2203:
1967:
523:
Nerves can be categorized into two groups based on function:
402:. They are given letter-number designations according to the
1805:
655:
The autonomic nervous system is further subdivided into the
652:
nervous systems. Somatic nerves mediate voluntary movement.
1727:
The
Anatomy of Bias: How Neural Circuits Weigh the Options
257:
Each nerve is covered on the outside by a dense sheath of
148:
is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called
412:
innervate parts of the head, and connect directly to the
1657:
Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain.
816:. This initial exam can be followed with tests such as
285:
fibres. Nerves are bundled and often travel along with
357:
conduct signals from the central nervous system along
612:
Nerves that transmit signals from the CNS are called
487:
The nerve begins the process by destroying the nerve
672:
while those exiting from the spinal cord are called
609:, that connect the CNS to all remaining body parts.
206:. The axons are bundled together into groups called
5785:
5725:
5648:
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5471:
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4287:
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4239:
4158:
4114:
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4002:
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2229:
2170:
2107:
2067:
2058:
2026:
1998:
1871:
1862:
1684:The Shattered Mind: The Person After Brain Damage.
1542:Bear, M. F.; B. W. Connors; M. A. Paradiso (2006).
1252:
Principles of
Anatomy and Physiology (15th edition)
1101:
Journal of
Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
114:
102:
90:
78:
73:
61:
56:
39:
1543:
1071:
980:Connective tissue in the peripheral nervous system
30:This article is about nerves. For other uses, see
1816:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). pp. 394–400.
183:, along with other supportive cells such as some
406:through which they connect to the spinal column.
1330:"Wormbook: Specification of the nervous system"
916:in eye movement. Analysis of the nerves in the
5276:
4578:
4217:
4088:
3098:
2661:
1836:
1306:Identified neurons and behavior of arthropods
581:that coordinates its actions by transmitting
8:
1274:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
908:(335–280 BC) described the functions of the
265:. Beneath this is a layer of fat cells, the
1730:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
1078:(7th ed.). Pearson. pp. 388–602.
1038:(4 ed.). Sinauer Associates. pp.
5486:
5477:
5308:
5283:
5269:
5261:
5161:
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3105:
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2668:
2654:
2646:
2064:
1868:
1843:
1829:
1821:
1550:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott.
792:usually diagnose disorders of nerves by a
45:
1457:Pride and Prejudice: An Annotated Edition
1196:
1186:
4711:medial superior posterior nasal branches
1345:
1343:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1025:
1023:
1021:
237:, the analogous structures are known as
171:to peripheral organs or, in the case of
2959:Posterior branches of the lumbar nerves
1595:(5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
1291:Normal computed tomography of the brain
1017:
167:that are transmitted along each of the
1383:. Cambridge University Press. p.
1267:
1250:Tortora, G.J., Derrickson, B. (2016).
856:Mauthner cells have been described as
512:, where the message is converted from
131:
36:
2890:Posterior branches of thoracic nerves
2761:Posterior branches of cervical nerves
1615:Fundamental Neuroscience, 4th edition
1352:Neurons, Networks, and Motor Behavior
920:enabled him to differentiate between
901:History of neurology and neurosurgery
7:
5245:
636:serve both functions and are called
531:conducts sensory information from a
296:. This acts in a similar way to the
281:and an outer, delicate, meshwork of
3070:Posterior branch of coccygeal nerve
3028:Posterior branches of sacral nerves
1589:; Schwartz JH; Jessell TM (2012).
937:Modern research has not confirmed
25:
4694:inferior posterior nasal branches
4482:superior lateral cutaneous of arm
2873:Thoraco-abdominal nerves – T7–T11
1804:Parsons, Frederick Gymer (1911).
1724:Lauwereyns, Jan (February 2010).
1546:Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain
175:, from the periphery back to the
5244:
5235:
5234:
1792:
1781:
1379:Nerve Cells and Animal Behaviour
1336:from the original on 2011-07-17.
990:List of nerves of the human body
963:
439:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
128:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
1232:from the original on 2011-10-31
934:"string, plant fiber, nerve").
593:(PNS). The CNS consists of the
420:). They are typically assigned
1494:The Metaphor of Mental Illness
1411:The Metaphor of Mental Illness
1074:Human Anatomy & Physiology
804:and other directed movements,
761:, which can vary in severity.
480:. This is also referred to as
318:magnetic resonance neurography
1:
5793:Nerve supply of the human leg
5582:common plantar digital nerves
5543:intermediate dorsal cutaneous
4233:Nerve supply of the human arm
3985:Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
520:and then back to electrical.
5698:posterior cutaneous of thigh
4975:Inferior mesenteric ganglion
4970:Superior mesenteric ganglion
4313:lateral cutaneous of forearm
1592:Principles of Neural Science
1568:Encyclopedia of Neuroscience
1375:Simmons PJ, Young D (1999).
1304:Hoyle G, Wiersma CA (1977).
1220:Burnett, Mark; Zager, Eric.
1188:10.1371/journal.pone.0026832
5442:anterior cutaneous branches
4380:medial cutaneous of forearm
3764:Inferior salivatory nucleus
1641:. Oxford University Press.
1070:Marieb EN, Hoehn K (2007).
1005:Nerve injury classification
796:, including the testing of
198:Nerve cell and organization
5845:
3208:lateral geniculate nucleus
3169:anterior olfactory nucleus
929:
898:
743:neurodegenerative diseases
566:
436:
51:Nerves (yellow) in the arm
29:
5819:Peripheral nervous system
5326:anterior cutaneous branch
5230:
5095:Cavernous nerves of penis
4686:branches of distribution:
3888:Superior cervical cardiac
3581:Superior salivary nucleus
3334:spinal trigeminal nucleus
1767:Resources in your library
591:peripheral nervous system
154:peripheral nervous system
126:
44:
5631:lateral dorsal cutaneous
5321:lateral cutaneous branch
5218:Pelvic splanchnic nerves
5196:Sacral splanchnic nerves
5120:Lumbar splanchnic nerves
4677:nerve of pterygoid canal
4667:Pterygopalatine ganglion
4595:autonomic nervous system
4021:spinal accessory nucleus
3461:pterygopalatine ganglion
3252:Edinger–Westphal nucleus
1800:at Wikibooks (non-human)
1491:Pickering, Neil (2006).
1408:Pickering, Neil (2006).
1113:10.1136/jnnp-2012-302312
731:repetitive strain injury
550:conducts signals from a
472:are damaged, as long as
253:Cross-section of a nerve
5538:medial dorsal cutaneous
5516:lateral terminal branch
5499:lateral sural cutaneous
5457:medial crural cutaneous
5019:Abdominal aortic plexus
4507:inferior lateral of arm
4385:medial cutaneous of arm
3403:no significant branches
3305:no significant branches
3145:no significant branches
2868:Intercostobrachial – T2
1813:Encyclopædia Britannica
1655:Damasio, A. R. (1994).
739:Guillain–Barré syndrome
424:from 1 to 12, although
343:, for example from the
187:that coat the axons in
5612:proper plantar digital
5607:common plantar digital
5587:proper plantar digital
5568:medial sural cutaneous
5521:medial terminal branch
4870:Thoracic aortic plexus
4725:Submandibular ganglion
4531:posterior interosseous
3723:Stylopharyngeal branch
3483:submandibular ganglion
3468:Nerve to the stapedius
2964:Superior cluneal L1–L3
2771:Greater occipital – C2
2295:Lymphoid immune system
1864:Musculoskeletal system
1704:New York, Zone Books.
1700:Goldstein, K. (2000).
1452:Spacks, Patricia Meyer
818:nerve conduction study
727:carpal tunnel syndrome
704:
587:central nervous system
400:central nervous system
341:central nervous system
302:central nervous system
254:
235:central nervous system
199:
177:central nervous system
163:nerve impulses called
32:Nerve (disambiguation)
5713:perforating cutaneous
5682:to obturator internus
5672:lateral rotator group
5173:paravertebral ganglia
4938:paravertebral ganglia
4837:paravertebral ganglia
4762:paravertebral ganglia
4521:dorsal digital nerves
4424:proper palmar digital
4420:common palmar digital
4410:dorsal digital nerves
4348:proper palmar digital
4344:common palmar digital
4329:anterior interosseous
3033:Medial cluneal nerves
2283:Myeloid immune system
2069:Cardiovascular system
899:Further information:
687:
680:Clinical significance
335:conduct signals from
252:
197:
5768:dorsal of the penis♂
5677:to quadratus femoris
5504:communicating branch
5081:Inferior hypogastric
5064:Superior hypogastric
4951:prevertebral ganglia
4511:posterior of forearm
3571:Facial motor nucleus
3267:parasympathetic root
2776:Third occipital – C3
2635:Islets of Langerhans
2495:Genitourinary system
2231:Integumentary system
1789:at Wikibooks (human)
1682:Gardner, H. (1976).
794:physical examination
712:head and neck cancer
548:efferent nerve fiber
529:afferent nerve fiber
5533:superficial fibular
5047:Inferior mesenteric
5035:Superior mesenteric
4983:prevertebral plexus
4850:prevertebral plexus
4797:prevertebral plexus
4140:Transverse cervical
3883:Recurrent laryngeal
3728:Pharyngeal branches
3506:Posterior auricular
3354:trigeminal ganglion
2525:Reproductive system
2244:Subcutaneous tissue
2013:Cartilaginous joint
1633:Andreasen, Nancy C.
1535:William E. Skaggs,
1350:Stein, PSG (1999).
1179:2011PLoSO...626832K
985:Dermatome (anatomy)
866:squid giant synapse
836:A neuron is called
826:computed tomography
812:, and the sense of
735:Autoimmune diseases
693:perineural invasion
416:(especially to the
310:blood–brain barrier
306:blood-nerve barrier
298:cerebrospinal fluid
5757:posterior scrotal♂
5602:superficial branch
5381:Lateral cutaneous
5344:anterior scrotal ♂
5296:lumbosacral plexus
3866:Superior laryngeal
3733:Tonsillar branches
3431:Intermediate nerve
3247:oculomotor nucleus
2307:Respiratory system
2060:Circulatory system
1787:The Nervous System
1147:2017-07-07 at the
765:Multiple sclerosis
705:
577:is the part of an
468:If the axons of a
426:cranial nerve zero
304:and constitutes a
255:
200:
5801:
5800:
5721:
5720:
5707:perineal branches
5687:to the piriformis
5644:
5643:
5636:lateral calcaneal
5467:
5466:
5258:
5257:
5226:
5225:
5213:splanchnic nerves
5191:splanchnic nerves
5151:
5150:
5115:splanchnic nerves
5069:hypogastric nerve
4916:
4915:
4878:splanchnic nerves
4860:Esophageal plexus
4815:
4814:
4789:Stellate ganglion
4740:
4739:
4560:
4559:
4540:
4539:
4271:to the subclavius
4199:
4198:
4135:Greater auricular
4070:
4069:
3998:
3997:
3964:Posterior gastric
3859:pharyngeal plexus
3854:Pharyngeal branch
3777:
3776:
3641:Scarpa's ganglion
3629:lateral lemniscus
3624:striae medullares
3607:vestibular nuclei
3595:Vestibulocochlear
3589:
3588:
3080:
3079:
2947:Lumbosacral trunk
2766:Suboccipital – C1
2643:
2642:
2166:
2165:
2156:Glymphatic system
2054:
2053:
1753:Library resources
1737:978-0-262-12310-5
1648:978-0-19-514509-0
1635:(March 4, 2004).
1602:978-0-8385-7701-1
1578:978-3-540-23735-8
1394:978-0-521-62726-9
1361:978-0-262-69227-4
1315:978-0-306-31001-0
1261:978-1-119-34373-8
1161:Kunik, D (2011).
1085:978-0-8053-5909-1
1049:978-0-87893-697-7
951:nervous breakdown
912:in sight and the
720:colorectal cancer
502:action potentials
482:neuroregeneration
294:endoneurial fluid
275:sensory receptors
259:connective tissue
165:action potentials
142:
141:
137:
16:(Redirected from
5836:
5727:coccygeal plexus
5702:inferior cluneal
5664:inferior gluteal
5659:superior gluteal
5573:medial calcaneal
5487:
5478:
5309:
5285:
5278:
5271:
5262:
5248:
5247:
5238:
5237:
5162:
5143:Myenteric plexus
5138:Submucous plexus
4927:
4865:Pulmonary plexus
4842:Thoracic ganglia
4826:
4807:Internal carotid
4802:Cavernous plexus
4767:Cervical ganglia
4751:
4689:greater palatine
4648:Ciliary ganglion
4618:Cervical ganglia
4608:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4564:
4503:posterior of arm
4309:musculocutaneous
4297:lateral pectoral
4285:
4226:
4219:
4212:
4203:
4125:Lesser occipital
4097:
4090:
4083:
4074:
4016:nucleus ambiguus
3990:Solitary nucleus
3980:Nucleus ambiguus
3959:Anterior gastric
3906:Inferior cardiac
3836:Auricular branch
3831:Meningeal branch
3789:
3769:Solitary nucleus
3759:Nucleus ambiguus
3738:Lingual branches
3659:
3653:Glossopharyngeal
3576:Solitary nucleus
3456:Greater petrosal
3421:
3271:ciliary ganglion
3107:
3100:
3093:
3084:
3058:Coccygeal plexus
2670:
2663:
2656:
2647:
2602:Endocrine system
2364:Digestive system
2109:Lymphatic system
2092:Lymphatic vessel
2065:
1869:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1822:
1817:
1809:
1796:
1785:
1741:
1652:
1606:
1582:
1561:
1549:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1382:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1308:. Plenum Press.
1301:
1295:
1294:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1265:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1226:Medscape Article
1217:
1211:
1210:
1200:
1190:
1158:
1152:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1077:
1067:
1054:
1053:
1037:
1027:
973:
968:
967:
933:
914:oculomotor nerve
871:In organisms of
862:squid giant axon
822:electromyography
666:gastrointestinal
597:, including the
398:and thus to the
392:vertebral column
361:to their target
345:mechanoreceptors
134:edit on Wikidata
49:
37:
21:
5844:
5843:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5834:
5833:
5804:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5781:
5717:
5690:
5640:
5617:
5593:lateral plantar
5554:
5491:common fibular
5463:
5428:
5393:
5375:
5352:
5330:
5313:iliohypogastric
5298:
5289:
5259:
5254:
5222:
5205:Parasympathetic
5200:
5147:
5124:
5074:Superior rectal
4912:
4895:cardiac nerves:
4883:cardiopulmonary
4811:
4736:
4701:lesser palatine
4641:Parasympathetic
4636:
4597:
4593:Anatomy of the
4591:
4561:
4556:
4552:Brachial plexus
4536:
4446:
4371:ansa pectoralis
4367:medial pectoral
4353:
4301:ansa pectoralis
4281:Infraclavicular
4276:
4251:dorsal scapular
4240:Supraclavicular
4235:
4230:
4200:
4195:
4169:Ansa cervicalis
4154:
4150:Supraclavicular
4110:
4108:cervical plexus
4101:
4071:
4066:
4037:
3994:
3968:
3930:
3892:
3840:
3816:
3773:
3747:
3711:lesser petrosal
3706:tympanic plexus
3686:
3647:
3612:cochlear nuclei
3585:
3559:
3497:
3489:
3446:
3440:
3409:
3380:
3311:
3282:
3229:
3190:
3184:olfactory tract
3151:
3117:
3111:
3081:
3076:
3039:
2970:
2896:
2878:Subcostal – T12
2782:
2747:Brachial plexus
2742:Cervical plexus
2679:
2674:
2644:
2639:
2596:
2558:Seminal vesicle
2519:
2481:
2431:Small intestine
2358:
2301:
2260:
2225:
2162:
2103:
2050:
2028:Muscular system
2022:
1994:
1873:Skeletal system
1858:
1849:
1803:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1723:
1649:
1631:
1603:
1585:
1579:
1564:
1558:
1541:
1528:
1526:Further reading
1523:
1522:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1266:
1262:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1235:
1233:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1149:Wayback Machine
1140:
1136:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1069:
1068:
1057:
1050:
1029:
1028:
1019:
1014:
1009:
969:
962:
959:
931:νεῦρον (neûron)
903:
897:
873:radial symmetry
858:command neurons
834:
806:muscle weakness
716:prostate cancer
697:prostate cancer
682:
661:parasympathetic
571:
565:
556:efferent nerves
498:
478:guidepost cells
466:
458:Notch signaling
454:
441:
435:
355:Efferent nerves
337:sensory neurons
333:Afferent nerves
326:
308:similar to the
247:
161:electrochemical
138:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5842:
5840:
5832:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5806:
5805:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5795:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5754:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5731:
5729:
5723:
5722:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5710:
5704:
5684:
5679:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5652:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5633:
5627:
5625:
5619:
5618:
5616:
5615:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5590:
5584:
5578:medial plantar
5575:
5570:
5564:
5562:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5548:dorsal digital
5545:
5540:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5526:dorsal digital
5523:
5518:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5495:
5493:
5484:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5461:
5460:
5459:
5454:
5444:
5438:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5403:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5371:genital branch
5368:
5366:femoral branch
5362:
5360:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5340:
5338:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5306:
5300:
5299:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5265:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5242:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5208:
5206:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5198:
5186:
5185:
5183:Ganglion impar
5180:
5178:Sacral ganglia
5168:
5166:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5145:
5140:
5134:
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5110:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5088:
5078:
5077:
5076:
5071:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5054:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5021:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4987:
4978:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4958:Celiac ganglia
4946:
4945:
4943:Lumbar ganglia
4933:
4931:
4924:
4918:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4855:Cardiac plexus
4845:
4844:
4832:
4830:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4804:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4757:
4755:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4728:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4703:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4644:
4642:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4614:
4612:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4567:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4524:
4514:
4496:
4486:
4485:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4456:
4454:
4452:posterior cord
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4413:
4403:
4398:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4375:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4363:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4317:
4316:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4293:
4291:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4258:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4206:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4166:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4077:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4054:
4048:
4046:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4009:
4007:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3850:
3848:
3842:
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3838:
3833:
3827:
3825:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3798:
3796:
3786:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
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3755:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3697:
3695:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3677:
3668:
3666:
3656:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3619:Cochlear nerve
3616:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3600:
3598:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3528:Parotid plexus
3525:
3524:
3523:
3518:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3473:Chorda tympani
3470:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3452:
3450:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3322:
3320:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3264:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3240:
3238:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3201:
3199:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3179:olfactory bulb
3173:
3172:
3171:
3162:
3160:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3128:
3126:
3119:
3118:
3115:cranial nerves
3112:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2689:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2529:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2487:Urinary system
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2409:Laryngopharynx
2406:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2377:Salivary gland
2368:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2274:
2272:
2270:immune systems
2266:Haematopoietic
2262:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2216:Somatic system
2213:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2199:Sensory system
2196:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2176:
2174:
2172:Nervous system
2168:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2151:CNS equivalent
2148:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2113:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2073:
2071:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2018:Synovial joint
2015:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1877:
1875:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1801:
1798:Nervous System
1790:
1779:
1777:List of nerves
1770:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:External links
1745:
1743:
1742:
1736:
1721:
1702:The Organism.
1698:
1680:
1653:
1647:
1629:
1619:Academic Press
1607:
1601:
1583:
1577:
1562:
1556:
1539:
1533:Nervous system
1529:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1503:
1483:
1466:
1438:
1420:
1400:
1393:
1367:
1360:
1339:
1321:
1314:
1296:
1293:. p. 109.
1281:
1260:
1242:
1212:
1173:(11): e26832.
1153:
1134:
1107:(2): 208–212.
1091:
1084:
1055:
1048:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
976:
975:
974:
971:Biology portal
958:
955:
939:William Cullen
896:
893:
846:Mauthner cells
833:
830:
810:proprioception
747:polyneuropathy
691:demonstrating
681:
678:
670:cranial nerves
589:(CNS) and the
575:nervous system
569:Nervous system
567:Main article:
564:
563:Nervous system
561:
560:
559:
544:
541:sensory nerves
533:sensory neuron
497:
494:
465:
462:
453:
450:
437:Main article:
434:
431:
430:
429:
422:Roman numerals
410:Cranial nerves
407:
381:
380:
370:
352:
325:
322:
246:
243:
173:sensory nerves
140:
139:
130:
124:
123:
118:
112:
111:
106:
100:
99:
94:
88:
87:
82:
76:
75:
71:
70:
68:Nervous system
65:
59:
58:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5841:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5811:
5809:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5745:
5741:
5740:inferior anal
5738:
5737:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5728:
5724:
5714:
5711:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5620:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5594:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5513:
5512:
5509:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5492:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5473:sacral plexus
5470:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5452:infrapatellar
5450:
5449:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5431:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5382:
5378:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5358:genitofemoral
5355:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5304:Lumbar plexus
5301:
5297:
5293:
5286:
5281:
5279:
5274:
5272:
5267:
5266:
5263:
5251:
5243:
5241:
5233:
5232:
5229:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5105:Middle rectal
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5082:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5045:
5041:
5038:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4991:
4990:Celiac plexus
4988:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4979:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4847:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4733:
4732:Otic ganglion
4730:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4672:deep petrosal
4670:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4660:Short ciliary
4658:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4632:Deep petrosal
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4588:
4583:
4581:
4576:
4574:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4471:thoracodorsal
4469:
4466:
4462:
4459:subscapular (
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4268:
4267:suprascapular
4264:
4263:
4259:
4256:
4255:long thoracic
4252:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4227:
4222:
4220:
4215:
4213:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4179:inferior root
4177:
4175:
4174:superior root
4172:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4098:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4040:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4001:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3915:Vagal trunks
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3823:jugular fossa
3819:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3794:jugular fossa
3790:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3743:Carotid sinus
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3716:otic ganglion
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3693:jugular fossa
3689:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3664:jugular fossa
3660:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3592:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3492:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3478:lingual nerve
3476:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3154:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3135:septal nuclei
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3103:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3021:
3017:
3016:Sacral plexus
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2942:Lumbar plexus
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
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2899:
2891:
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2879:
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2874:
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2869:
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2864:
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2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
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2809:
2807:
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2799:
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2764:
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2756:
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2748:
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2743:
2740:
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2737:
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2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2677:Spinal nerves
2671:
2666:
2664:
2659:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2591:
2588:
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2568:
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2549:
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2544:
2541:
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2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2470:Biliary tract
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
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2400:
2397:
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2328:
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2321:
2318:
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2310:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2255:
2254:Mammary gland
2252:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2008:Fibrous joint
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
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1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:Human systems
1846:
1841:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1807:"Nerve"
1802:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1746:
1739:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1718:0-942299-97-3
1715:
1711:
1710:0-942299-96-5
1707:
1703:
1699:
1697:
1696:0-394-71946-8
1693:
1689:
1688:Vintage Books
1685:
1681:
1678:
1677:0-380-72647-5
1674:
1670:
1669:0-399-13894-3
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1627:0-12-660303-0
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1563:
1559:
1557:0-7817-6003-8
1553:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1517:
1506:
1504:9780198530879
1500:
1496:
1495:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1469:
1467:9780674049161
1463:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1445:For example:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1423:
1421:9780198530879
1417:
1413:
1412:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1371:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1354:. MIT Press.
1353:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1297:
1292:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
972:
966:
961:
956:
954:
952:
948:
944:
943:psychological
940:
935:
932:
927:
926:Ancient Greek
923:
922:blood vessels
919:
915:
911:
907:
902:
894:
892:
890:
889:Echinodermata
886:
882:
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
859:
854:
852:
847:
842:
839:
832:Other animals
831:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
785:
784:referred pain
781:
777:
776:pinched nerve
772:
770:
766:
762:
760:
756:
752:
749:, infection,
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
702:
701:H&E stain
698:
694:
690:
686:
679:
677:
675:
674:spinal nerves
671:
667:
662:
658:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
634:Spinal nerves
631:
627:
623:
622:
617:
616:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
570:
562:
557:
553:
549:
545:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:
524:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
495:
493:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
474:the cell body
471:
463:
461:
459:
451:
449:
446:
440:
432:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
408:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:Spinal nerves
386:
385:
384:
378:
374:
371:
368:
364:
360:
359:motor neurons
356:
353:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
331:
330:
329:
323:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
287:blood vessels
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
251:
244:
242:
240:
236:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
196:
192:
190:
186:
185:Schwann cells
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
155:
151:
147:
135:
129:
125:
122:
119:
117:
113:
110:
107:
105:
101:
98:
95:
93:
89:
86:
83:
81:
77:
72:
69:
66:
64:
60:
55:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
5824:Neuroanatomy
5777:anococcygeal
5691:
5670:
5511:deep fibular
5336:ilioinguinal
5211:
5189:
5171:
5113:
5100:Uterovaginal
5014:aorticorenal
5013:
4981:
4963:Aorticorenal
4949:
4936:
4894:
4876:
4848:
4835:
4795:
4760:
4706:nasopalatine
4685:
4627:long ciliary
4621:
4498:
4325:lateral root
4289:lateral cord
4260:
4246:
4103:
3496:stylomastoid
3448:facial canal
3402:
3304:
3218:optic chiasm
3144:
3064:
3052:
3022:
3010:
2953:
2936:
2884:
2857:
2753:
2734:
2457:
2425:
2398:
2191:
2150:
2133:
2116:
2076:
1811:
1757:
1726:
1712:(Hardcover)
1701:
1683:
1671:(Hardcover)
1656:
1637:
1614:
1610:
1591:
1571:. Springer.
1567:
1545:
1537:Scholarpedia
1515:
1508:. Retrieved
1493:
1486:
1478:
1471:. Retrieved
1456:
1448:Austen, Jane
1441:
1432:
1425:. Retrieved
1410:
1403:
1378:
1370:
1351:
1324:
1305:
1299:
1290:
1284:
1254:. J. Wiley.
1251:
1245:
1234:. Retrieved
1228:. Medscape.
1225:
1215:
1170:
1166:
1156:
1137:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1073:
1034:Neuroscience
1033:
995:Nerve injury
936:
924:and nerves (
904:
870:
855:
843:
837:
835:
790:Neurologists
788:
773:
763:
759:nerve damage
724:
706:
654:
637:
629:
625:
619:
613:
611:
572:
555:
552:motor neuron
540:
522:
499:
486:
467:
464:Regeneration
455:
444:
442:
382:
373:Mixed nerves
327:
305:
293:
291:
256:
239:nerve tracts
232:
228:mixed nerves
201:
158:
145:
143:
97:A14.2.00.013
84:
5829:Soft tissue
5597:deep branch
5165:Sympathetic
4930:Sympathetic
4829:Sympathetic
4754:Sympathetic
4611:Sympathetic
4517:superficial
4443:: see above
4441:medial root
4416:superficial
4378:cutaneous:
4359:medial cord
4262:upper trunk
4115:Superficial
4043:Hypoglossal
3424:Near origin
3223:optic tract
2863:Intercostal
2625:Parathyroid
2325:Nasopharynx
2187:Spinal cord
2122:Bone marrow
1891:Collar bone
1720:(Paperback)
1679:(Paperback)
1609:Squire, L.
947:high-strung
910:optic nerve
824:(EMG), and
769:macrophages
657:sympathetic
603:spinal cord
452:Development
433:Terminology
396:spinal cord
271:endoneurium
267:perineurium
212:perineurium
204:endoneurium
74:Identifiers
18:Innervation
5808:Categories
5028:Suprarenal
5005:Pancreatic
4718:pharyngeal
3636:Vestibular
3548:mandibular
3521:stylohyoid
3511:Suprahyoid
3436:Geniculate
3374:mandibular
3364:ophthalmic
3317:Trigeminal
3235:Oculomotor
2404:Oropharynx
2144:Lymph node
2077:peripheral
1923:Metatarsus
1918:Metacarpus
1897:Thigh bone
1893:(clavicle)
1686:New York,
1661:Avon Books
1659:New York,
1587:Kandel, ER
1289:Weinberg.
1236:2011-10-26
1012:References
1000:Neuropathy
906:Herophilos
885:Ctenophora
877:nerve nets
838:identified
729:(CTS) and
689:Micrograph
514:electrical
506:myelinated
324:Categories
279:glycocalyx
263:epineurium
216:epineurium
5772:clitoris♀
5693:cutaneous
5655:Muscular
5447:saphenous
5424:accessory
5419:posterior
5412:cutaneous
5399:obturator
5091:Prostatic
5052:Spermatic
4499:cutaneous
4339:recurrent
4056:Branches
4004:Accessory
3924:posterior
3911:Pulmonary
3597:(CN VIII)
3538:zygomatic
3516:digastric
3399:Branches
3369:maxillary
3360:Branches
3301:Branches
3288:Trochlear
3258:Branches
3157:Olfactory
3065:posterior
3045:Coccygeal
3023:posterior
2954:posterior
2885:posterior
2755:posterior
2610:Pituitary
2459:accessory
2414:Esophagus
2134:secondary
2046:Diaphragm
1990:Cartilage
1938:Phalanges
1450:(2010) .
1270:cite book
1129:207005110
646:autonomic
599:brainstem
445:innervate
418:brainstem
245:Structure
208:fascicles
152:) in the
5747:perineal
5735:pudendal
5407:anterior
5389:patellar
5348:labial ♀
5240:Category
4908:Inferior
4898:Superior
4888:thoracic
4782:Inferior
4772:Superior
4494:muscular
4478:axillary
4396:muscular
4045:(CN XII)
3919:anterior
3876:internal
3871:external
3810:inferior
3805:superior
3801:Ganglia
3701:Tympanic
3680:inferior
3675:superior
3671:Ganglia
3553:cervical
3533:temporal
3417:(CN VII)
3386:Abducens
3276:inferior
3262:superior
3237:(CN III)
3123:Terminal
3053:anterior
3011:anterior
2937:anterior
2858:anterior
2788:Thoracic
2736:anterior
2685:Cervical
2590:Placenta
2553:Testicle
2548:Prostate
2475:Pancreas
2436:Appendix
2426:lower GI
2399:upper GI
2347:Bronchus
2290:Lymphoid
1973:Vertebra
1928:Ossicles
1913:Mandible
1613:(2012).
1334:Archived
1230:Archived
1207:22073205
1167:PLOS ONE
1145:Archived
1121:23243216
957:See also
949:", and "
881:Cnidaria
798:reflexes
755:diabetes
751:neuritis
737:such as
659:and the
630:afferent
621:efferent
518:chemical
496:Function
404:vertebra
283:collagen
5786:Related
5761:labial♀
5482:sciatic
5434:femoral
5294:of the
5250:Commons
5130:Enteric
5086:Vesical
5057:Ovarian
5040:Gastric
5000:Splenic
4995:Hepatic
4922:Abdomen
4191:Phrenic
4106:of the
4060:lingual
4052:Nucleus
4028:Cranial
4012:Nuclei
4006:(CN XI)
3954:Hepatic
3936:Abdomen
3792:Before
3662:Before
3655:(CN IX)
3603:Nuclei
3498:foramen
3395:Nucleus
3388:(CN VI)
3350:Course
3325:Nuclei
3297:Nucleus
3290:(CN IV)
3243:Nuclei
3214:Course
3204:Nuclei
3198:(CN II)
3175:Course
3165:Nuclei
3141:Course
3131:Nuclei
2630:Adrenal
2620:Thyroid
2538:Scrotum
2515:Urethra
2510:Bladder
2419:Stomach
2342:Trachea
2278:Myeloid
2117:primary
1983:Sternum
1933:Patella
1908:Humerus
1899:(femur)
1690:, 1976
1454:(ed.).
1198:3206876
1175:Bibcode
918:cranium
895:History
851:C-shape
802:walking
650:enteric
642:somatic
626:sensory
583:signals
510:synapse
394:to the
377:sensory
363:muscles
339:to the
300:in the
233:In the
220:sensory
57:Details
5814:Nerves
5560:tibial
5292:Nerves
5157:Pelvis
4903:Middle
4821:Thorax
4777:Middle
4490:radial
4437:median
4406:dorsal
4401:palmar
4334:palmar
4321:median
4104:Nerves
4033:Spinal
3973:Nuclei
3944:Celiac
3898:Thorax
3821:After
3785:(CN X)
3752:Nuclei
3691:After
3564:Nuclei
3543:buccal
3445:Inside
3415:Facial
3319:(CN V)
3159:(CN I)
3125:(CN 0)
2976:Sacral
2902:Lumbar
2615:Pineal
2575:Vagina
2570:Uterus
2565:Female
2505:Ureter
2500:Kidney
2446:Rectum
2382:Tongue
2330:Larynx
2249:Breast
2221:Tissue
2139:Spleen
2127:Thymus
2082:Artery
2041:Tendon
2036:Muscle
2000:Joints
1978:Pelvis
1953:Tarsus
1943:Radius
1903:Fibula
1886:Carpus
1856:organs
1755:about
1734:
1716:
1708:
1694:
1675:
1667:
1645:
1625:
1611:et al.
1599:
1575:
1554:
1510:27 May
1501:
1473:27 May
1464:
1434:state.
1427:27 May
1418:
1391:
1358:
1312:
1258:
1205:
1195:
1127:
1119:
1082:
1046:
828:(CT).
708:Cancer
648:, and
601:, and
579:animal
489:distal
470:neuron
367:glands
261:, the
189:myelin
181:neuron
85:nervus
63:System
5649:other
5623:sural
5024:Renal
4653:Roots
4622:roots
4545:Other
4465:lower
4461:upper
4392:ulnar
4187:C3–C5
4165:C1–C3
4146:C3–C4
4131:C2–C3
3949:Renal
3783:Vagus
3196:Optic
2585:Ovary
2580:Vulva
2543:Penis
2465:Liver
2441:Colon
2392:Tooth
2372:Mouth
2337:Lower
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2192:Nerve
2182:Brain
2099:Heart
1958:Tibia
1948:Skull
1758:Nerve
1125:S2CID
1042:–20.
814:touch
638:mixed
615:motor
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537:axons
414:brain
314:edema
226:, or
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121:65132
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2268:and
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1963:Ulna
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1714:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1692:ISBN
1673:ISBN
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1623:ISBN
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347:in
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2930:L5
2925:L4
2920:L3
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2910:L1
2836:T9
2831:T8
2826:T7
2821:T6
2816:T5
2811:T4
2806:T3
2801:T2
2796:T1
2728:C8
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