273:
338:
252:
388:, in Middlesbrough. Bolckow brought financial acumen, and Vaughan brought ironmaking and engineering expertise. The two men trusted each other implicitly and "never interfered in the slightest degree with each other's work. Mr. Bolckow had the entire management of the financial department, while Mr. Vaughan as worthily controlled the practical work of the establishment." At its peak the firm was the largest steel producer in Britain, possibly in the world.
137:
353:
508:
35:
202:
72:
The ironmaster was usually a large-scale entrepreneur and thus an important member of a community. He would have a large country house or mansion as his residence. The organization of operations surrounding the
245:
88:
There were ironmasters (possibly not called such) from the 17th century onward, but they became more prominent with the great expansion in the
British iron industry during the Industrial Revolution.
517:
309:, contributing largely to the growth of those towns and of the economy of the northeast of England. Bell accumulated a large fortune, with mansions including
399:(1805–1887) was born in Edinburgh and set up works in Derby where he made ornamental items, bridges and pillar boxes, many of which survive today.
189:
coffins. Wilkinson's patented method for boring iron cylinders was first used to create cannons, but later provided the precision needed to create
862:
491:
225:
761:
694:
522:
857:
852:
182:
154:
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380:(1799–1868) were lifelong business partners, friends, and brothers-in-law. They established what became the largest of all
293:
and his grandson
Maurice Bell were directors of the Bell iron and steel company. His father, Thomas Bell, was a founder of
414:
Iron Works beginning in 1784. Samuel
Richards was heavily involved with the early 19th century iron industry in southern
407:
396:
326:
272:
423:
411:
290:
217:
21:
17:
377:
358:
732:
97:
633:"The Iron and Steel Heritage partners with Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources"
310:
337:
294:
232:. Van Leer's furnace was a center of colonial ironmaking and is associated with the introduction of the
113:
66:
251:
847:
241:
157:
are renowned for their contributions to the development of the
English iron industry. Their works at
109:
298:
289:(1816–1904) was, like Abraham Darby, the forceful patriarch of an ironmaking dynasty. Both his son
85:
of iron was labour-intensive, and so there would be numerous workers reliant on the furnace works.
419:
322:
117:
542:. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2011.
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487:
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105:
25:
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766:
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229:
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116:, Winter developed his interest in the iron industry, and experimented with a new type of
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One of the best-known ironmasters of the early part of the industrial revolution was
158:
62:
46:
440:
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785:
718:
65:
for the processing of iron. It is a term mainly associated with the period of the
185:(1728–1808), who was considered to have "iron madness", extending even to making
616:"General Washington retreated to Reading to have the army's muskets repaired,,"
125:
770:
703:
577:
755:
688:
538:
415:
201:
190:
162:
826:
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410:(1769–1842) was born in Philadelphia to William Richards, the manager of the
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that allowed large-scale production of the iron that made the development of
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244:, where they came for musket repairs. The location is listed as a temporary
186:
34:
591:
435:
220:. He started a military career with enthusiasm with his neighbor General
78:
74:
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was a well-known ironmaster and a United States Army officer during the
82:
418:. His most notable enterprise was the management of the iron works at
675:(paperback ed.). Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 5–6, 64–66.
153:
Three successive generations of the same family all bearing the name
271:
250:
200:
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and railways possible, although their most notable innovation was
135:
58:
297:, an iron and alkali company. The firm had works at Walker, near
422:
from 1824 until his death in 1842. He was also involved with
255:"Reading Furnace Property", Reading Furnace Historic District
259:
W Van Leer's children all joined the iron business as well.
578:"Samuel Van Leer welcomed the Revolution with enthusiasm"
228:
100:(about 1600–1676) who owned substantial holdings in the
799:
Institution of Civil
Engineers (Great Britain) (1869).
673:
Gertrude Bell: Queen of the Desert, Shaper of
Nations
161:
in
Shropshire nurtured the start of improvements in
754:
687:
598:. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission
733:"Arts and crafts revival planned at Mount Grace"
526:. Vol. 14. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
8:
765:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
698:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
120:. This was a precursor to the later work of
484:Civil War and Restoration in Monmouthshire
816:
756:"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"
689:"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"
31:Manager of an iron forge or blast furnace
57:is the manager, and usually owner, of a
33:
762:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
695:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
647:"Pennsylvania Historical Marker Search"
451:
553:"John Wilkinson | English ironmaster"
7:
240:'s army following its defeat at the
801:"Obituary. John Vaughan, 1799-1868"
735:. English Heritage. 14 January 2010
361:(1799–1868), founder and ironmaster
263:19th-century ironmasters (examples)
132:18th-century ironmasters (examples)
92:17th-century ironmasters (examples)
346:(1806–1878), founder and financier
14:
618:Reading Furnace Historical Marker
523:Dictionary of National Biography
506:
351:
336:
69:, especially in Great Britain.
369:Henry Bolckow and John Vaughan
1:
246:George Washington Headquarter
786:UK public library membership
719:UK public library membership
686:Tweedale, Geoffrey (2011).
539:Wilkinson, John (1728–1808)
879:
805:Minutes of the Proceedings
596:Historical Marker Database
461:The King's War 1641 – 1647
384:iron and steel companies,
218:American Revolutionary War
22:The Ironmaster (1948 film)
18:The Ironmaster (1933 film)
15:
671:Howell, Georgina (2008).
592:"PHMC Historical Markers"
426:, and Weymouth Furnace.
24:. For the 1983 film, see
863:Metalworking occupations
818:10.1680/imotp.1869.23113
459:Wedgewood, C.V. (1958).
193:'s first steam engines.
96:An early ironmaster was
557:Encyclopedia Britannica
482:Knight, Jeremy (2005).
771:10.1093/ref:odnb/38091
704:10.1093/ref:odnb/30690
283:
256:
224:in 1775. His furnace,
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145:
124:who successfully used
50:
858:History of metallurgy
853:Industrial Revolution
295:Losh, Wilson and Bell
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254:
236:, and the retreat of
204:
139:
67:Industrial Revolution
37:
651:www.phmc.state.pa.us
321:, and the mediaeval
242:Battle of Brandywine
108:he cast cannons for
311:Washington New Hall
299:Newcastle upon Tyne
16:For the films, see
486:. Logaston Press.
420:Atsion, New Jersey
323:Mount Grace Priory
284:
257:
211:
146:
51:
811:(1869): 622–627.
784:(Subscription or
717:(Subscription or
279:, (1816–1904) by
238:George Washington
106:English Civil War
26:Ironmaster (film)
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397:Andrew Handyside
392:Andrew Handyside
376:(1806–1878) and
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230:Continental Army
205:"Capt Van Leer"
112:. Following the
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514:Stephen, Leslie
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408:Samuel Richards
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386:Bolckow Vaughan
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226:Reading Furnace
214:Samuel Van Leer
207:Samuel Van Leer
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197:Samuel Van Leer
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171:The Iron Bridge
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128:to smelt iron.
122:Abraham Darby I
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39:The Iron Bridge
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315:Rounton Grange
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234:Franklin Stove
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183:John Wilkinson
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177:John Wilkinson
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142:John Wilkinson
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102:Forest of Dean
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536:Harris, J.R.
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374:Henry Bolckow
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344:Henry Bolckow
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319:Northallerton
316:
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307:Middlesbrough
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303:Port Clarence
300:
296:
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287:Lowthian Bell
282:
281:Frank Bramley
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277:Lowthian Bell
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268:Lowthian Bell
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222:Anthony Wayne
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209:, (1747–1825)
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167:steam engines
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159:Coalbrookdale
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155:Abraham Darby
149:Abraham Darby
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104:. During the
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63:blast furnace
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47:Coalbrookdale
44:
43:Abraham Darby
40:
36:
27:
23:
19:
835:
808:
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774:. Retrieved
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749:
737:. Retrieved
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707:. Retrieved
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681:
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654:. Retrieved
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600:. Retrieved
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560:. Retrieved
556:
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521:
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477:
460:
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441:Wrought iron
406:
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378:John Vaughan
372:
359:John Vaughan
285:
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152:
95:
87:
71:
54:
52:
848:Ironmasters
739:28 November
709:28 November
602:20 December
463:. Collins.
327:Osmotherley
144:(1728–1808)
140:"Iron mad"
118:coking oven
114:Restoration
98:John Winter
842:Categories
788:required.)
721:required.)
562:4 February
447:References
416:New Jersey
191:James Watt
163:metallurgy
55:ironmaster
827:1753-7843
469:25430542M
301:, and at
291:Hugh Bell
187:cast iron
110:Charles I
776:14 March
436:Pig iron
430:See also
79:refining
75:smelting
83:casting
825:
782:
715:
656:6 July
511:
490:
467:
412:Batsto
81:, and
325:near
317:near
59:forge
49:works
823:ISSN
778:2012
741:2012
711:2012
658:2022
604:2013
564:2020
488:ISBN
126:coke
20:and
813:doi
767:doi
700:doi
520:".
61:or
53:An
45:'s
41:of
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809:28
807:.
803:.
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465:OL
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769::
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713:.
702::
660:.
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566:.
496:.
471:.
248:.
28:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
