119:
1585:“The biblical text does not shed light on the history of the highlands in the early Iron I. The conquest and part of the period of the judges' narratives should be seen, first and foremost, as a Deuteronomist construct that used myths, tales, and etiological traditions in order to convey the theology and territorial ideology of the late monarchic author(s) (e.g., Nelson 1981; Van Seters 1990; Finkelstein and Silberman 2001, 72–79, Römer 2007, 83–90).”
618:
52:
1730:"Tracing the development of the Bible’s stories about kings from the earliest sources (now embedded in 1–2 Samuel) to the biblical books themselves, Dietrich argues that some of the stories are dated close to the time of the events they describe. His approach identifies a series of ideologies within the text, providing evidence for the development of Israelite ideas rather than grounds for dismissing the stories as fiction."
542:. A majority of scholars believe that the accounts concerning David and Solomon's territory in the "united monarchy" are exaggerated, and a minority believe that the "united monarchy" never existed at all. Disagreeing with the latter view, Old Testament scholar Walter Dietrich contends that the biblical stories of circa 10th-century BCE monarchs contain a significant historical kernel and are not simply late fictions.
1208:
1644:"Although most scholars accept the historicity of the united monarchy (although not in the scale and form described in the Bible; see Dever 1996; Na'aman 1996; Fritz 1996, and bibliography there), its existence has been questioned by other scholars (see Whitelam 1996b; see also Grabbe 1997, and bibliography there). The scenario described below suggests that some important changes did take place at the time."
646:
1455:"Recent decades, for example, have seen a remarkable reevaluation of evidence concerning the conquest of the land of Canaan by Joshua. As more sites have been excavated, there has been a growing consensus that the main story of Joshua, is that of a speedy and complete conquest (e.g. Josh. 11.23: 'Thus Joshua conquered the whole country, just as the L
1395:"Besides the rejection of the Albrightian 'conquest' model, the general consensus among OT scholars is that the Book of Joshua has no value in the historical reconstruction. They see the book as an ideological retrojection from a later period—either as early as the reign of Josiah or as late as the Hasmonean period."
1425:"It behoves us to ask, in spite of the fact that the overwhelming consensus of modern scholarship is that Joshua is a pious fiction composed by the deuteronomistic school, how does and how has the Jewish community dealt with these foundational narratives, saturated as they are with acts of violence against others?"
1937:: לוא כבני כשיים אתם לי בני ישראל נאם־יהוה הלוא את־ישראל העליתי מארץ מצרים ופלשתיים מכפתור וארם מקר׃ "Are ye not as children of the Ethiopians unto me, O children of Israel? saith the LORD. Have not I brought up Israel out of the land of Egypt? and the Philistines from Caphtor, and the Syrians from Kir?"
1557:“In any case, it is now widely agreed that the so-called ‘patriarchal/ancestral period’ is a later ‘’literary’’ construct, not a period in the actual history of the ancient world. The same is the case for the ‘exodus’ and the ‘wilderness period,’ and more and more widely for the ‘period of the Judges.’"
823:
created in hindsight to explain the tribe's name and connect it to the other tribes in the
Israelite confederation. With Leah as a matriarch, biblical scholars regard the tribe as having been believed by the text's authors to have been part of the original Israelite confederation.
1914:[מרדכי וורמברנד ובצלאל ס רותת "עם ישראל – תולדות 4000 שנה – מימי האבות ועד חוזה השלום", ע"מ 95. (Translation: Mordechai Vermebrand and Betzalel S. Ruth. "The People of Israel – the history of 4000 years – from the days of the Forefathers to the Peace Treaty", 1981, p. 95)
1230:; when the captivity ended, the distinction between the tribes were lost in favour of a common identity. Since Simeon and Benjamin had been very much the junior partners in the Kingdom of Judah, it was Judah that gave its name to the identity—that of the
495:, the Israelites "asked the Lord" which tribe should be first to go to occupy its allotted territory, and the Tribe of Judah was identified as the first tribe. According to the narrative in the Book of Judges, the Tribe of Judah invited the
483:
and
Jerusalem. However, the consensus of modern scholars is that this conquest never occurred. Other scholars point to extra-biblical references to Israel and Canaan as evidence for the potential historicity of the conquest.
625:
According to the biblical account, at its height, the tribe of Judah was the leading tribe of the
Kingdom of Judah, and occupied most of the territory of the kingdom, except for a small region in the northeast occupied by
1672:"In some sense most scholars today agree on a 'minimalist' point of view in this regard. It does not seem reasonable any longer to claim that the united monarchy ruled over most of Palestine and Syria."
595:, residual tribal affiliations were abandoned, probably because of the impossibility of reestablishing previous tribal land holdings. However, the special religious roles decreed for the
1137:. After the Assyrians destroyed their cities, survivors fled to Jerusalem and fully assimilated with the inhabitants by 538 BC, when the Babylonian exiles returned to Jerusalem.
530:, Saul's son and successor to the throne of Israel, all the other Israelite tribes made David, who was then the King of Judah, king of a single Re-United Kingdom of Israel. The
1243:(modern-day Iraq), would become the focus of Judaism for 1,000 years. The first Jewish communities in Babylonia started with the exile of the tribe of Judah to Babylon by
440:, which most scholars agree was reduced to written form, although subject to exilic and post-exilic alterations and emendations, during the reign of the Judahite reformer
1849:
309:
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et al. claim the alternative explanation that the southern kingdom was simply an insignificant rural backwater at the time the poem was written.
786:, Shicron was one of the landmarks at the western end of the north boundary of the Tribe of Judah (Joshua 15:1). It was probably located near
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to secure each of their allotted territories. However, many scholars do not believe that the Book of Judges is a reliable historical account.
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were preserved, but
Jerusalem became the sole place of worship and sacrifice among the returning exiles, northerners and southerners alike.
1968:
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in 597 BCE as well as after the destruction of the Temple in
Jerusalem in 586 BCE. Many more Jews migrated to Babylon in CE 135 after the
1616:”In short, the so-called ‘period of the judges’ was probably the creation of a person or persons known as the deuteronomistic historian."
1317:
1121:
Professor Aaron Demsky argues that the genealogical record of Shelah and his sons was an allegory of the history of
Shelanite clans in
573:. The Book of Kings is uncompromising in its low opinion of its larger and richer neighbor to the north and understands its conquest by
99:
522:. In Samuel's account, after the death of Saul, all the tribes other than Judah remained loyal to the House of Saul, while Judah chose
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1700:"There seems to be a consensus that the power and size of the kingdom of Solomon, if it ever existed, has been hugely exaggerated."
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Many of the Jewish leaders and prophets of the Hebrew Bible claimed membership in the tribe of Judah. For example, the
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allocated the land among the twelve tribes. Judah's portion is described in Joshua 15 as encompassing all the
Southern
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The Tribes of Judah, Southern Dan and
Benjamin remained loyal to the House of David. These tribes formed the
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Map of the twelve tribes of Israel, before the move of Dan to the North. (The text is partially in German.)
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Jewish
Studies at the Turn of the Twentieth Century, Volume 1: Biblical, Rabbinical, and Medieval Studies
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Like the other tribes of the
Kingdom of Judah, the Tribe of Judah is entirely absent from the ancient
734:, made it their home. In biblical times, this region was further subdivided into three sections – the
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1512:
Frendo, Anthony (2002). "Two Long-Lost Phoenician Inscriptions and the Emergence of Ancient Israel".
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The size of the territory of the tribe of Judah meant that in practice it had four distinct regions:
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The tribe of Judah, its conquests, and the centrality of its capital in Jerusalem for the worship of
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had promised Moses') is contradicted by the archaeological record, though there are indications of
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The triumph or victory of "the Lion of the Tribe of Judah", who is able to open the scroll and its
404:, the distinction between the Tribes was largely lost, but the term "Judah" gave rise to the word "
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350:. Judah was the first tribe to take its place in the Land of Israel, occupying its Southern part.
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The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Sacred Texts
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The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Sacred Texts
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The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Sacred Texts
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The tribe's symbol was the lion, and it was often represented in Jewish art. After the
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553:'s son, in c. 930 BCE, the Ten Northern Tribes of Israel under the leadership of
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1965:, Adrichem, 1590. Eran Laor Cartographic Collection, The National Library of Israel.
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The Early Monarchy in Israel: The Tenth Century B.C.E. Translated by Joachim Vette
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518:, which was then bestowed onto the tribe of Judah for all time in the person of
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Ethiopian tradition has it that these immigrants were mostly of the Tribes of
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1125:(i.e. Judean foothills). These clans established cities such as Lecah (or
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describes God's repudiation of a monarchic line arising from the Southern
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Israel's Ethnogenesis: Settlement, Interaction, Expansion and Resistance
1268:'s traditions, recorded and elaborated in a 14th-century treatise, the "
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The Production of Prophecy: Constructing Prophecy and Prophets in Yehud
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1133:. They also worked as potters and craftsmen for the king, particularly
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in 722 BCE as divine retribution for the Kingdom's return to idolatry.
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The Face of Old Testament Studies: A Survey of Contemporary Approaches
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The Valley of Elah, near Adullam, in the territorial boundary of Judah
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The Forgotten Kingdom: The Archaeology and History of Northern Israel
1272:", assert descent from a retinue of Israelites who returned with the
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680:) – the southern portion of the land, which was highly suitable for
1674:
Gunnar Lebmann (2003). Andrew G. Vaughn; Ann E. Killebrew (eds.).
1367:(Grand Rapids, Michigan. William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company) (
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were initially the main cities within the territory of the tribe.
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This article is about the Hebrew tribe. For the musical band, see
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As part of the Kingdom of Judah, the tribe of Judah survived the
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is the symbol of the tribe of Judah. It is often represented in
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The genealogies given in Matthew 1:1–6 and Luke 3:23–34 in the
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759:– the elevated plateau situated between the Shephelah and the
630:, and an enclave towards the south-west which was occupied by
1284:, by whom she had conceived the Solomonic dynasty's founder,
1910:
1908:
1677:
Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period
1850:"Who Was "Shelah Son of Judah" and What Happened to Him?"
393:
as its capital. The kingdom lasted until its conquest by
1805:
1803:
695:) – the coastal region, between the highlands and the
588:
in c. 586 BCE and the population was deported.
534:
follows the expansion and unparalleled glory of the
1465:Adele Berlin; Marc Zvi Brettler (17 October 2014).
95:
85:
71:
61:
1706:. In Diana Vikander Edelman; Ehud Ben Zvi (eds.).
1463:destruction and conquest at the appropriate time.
1258:, forms part of the vision of the writer of the
361:The Tribe of Judah played a central role in the
1596:. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 24.
377:, the Tribe of Judah, along with the Tribe of
1399:"Early Israel in Recent Biblical Scholarship"
613:Twelve Tribes of Israel § Land allotment
584:, which existed until Judah was conquered by
303:
8:
1873:"Situating the Prophets in Israel's History"
1562:Reconstructing the Society of Ancient Israel
1401:. In David W. Baker; Bill T. Arnold (eds.).
714:– the barren region immediately next to the
44:
1565:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 42.
1827:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 138–140.
1753:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 261–265.
1624:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 5.
1343:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 369–373.
1191:as a Descendant of David, Matthew through
310:
296:
106:
50:
526:as its king. However, after the death of
1680:. Society of Biblical Lit. p. 156.
1471:. Oxford University Press. p. 951.
1397:K. Lawson Younger Jr. (1 October 2004).
803:, the Tribe consisted of Descendants of
1365:On the Reliability of the Old Testament
1329:
109:
1492:Görg, Görg. "Israel in Hieroglyphen".
1468:The Jewish Study Bible: Second Edition
1224:destruction of Israel by the Assyrians
771:, and other fruit, and hence produced
43:
1702:Philip R. Davies (18 December 2014).
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385:and the Levites formed the Southern
1848:Demsky, Aaron (December 26, 2016).
1318:History of ancient Israel and Judah
1226:, and instead was subjected to the
593:Jews returned from Babylonian exile
100:Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)
1559:Paula M. McNutt (1 January 1999).
835:to be involved in the battle, but
451:, following a partial conquest of
25:
1736:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
408:" In later traditions, including
365:, which encompasses the books of
1306:Mo`a 'Anbessa Ze'imnegede Yihuda
447:According to the account in the
117:
1871:TOW Project (9 December 2010).
1514:Palestine Exploration Quarterly
1405:. Baker Academic. p. 200.
1646:Avraham Faust (1 April 2016).
1429:"Joshua, Judaism and Genocide"
27:One of the 12 Tribes of Israel
1:
1239:After the fall of Jerusalem,
1180:, all belonged to the tribe.
416:" became a messianic symbol.
354:and his sons, including King
1821:Finkelstein, Israel (2002).
1747:Finkelstein, Israel (2002).
1704:"Why do we Know about Amos?"
1363:Kitchen, Kenneth A. (2003),
1337:Finkelstein, Israel (2002).
1251:and in the centuries after.
487:In the opening words of the
432:, encompassing the books of
428:featured prominently in the
412:and Ethiopian Judaism, the "
1587:Israel Finkelstein (2013).
1215:on the municipal emblem of
2011:
1652:. Routledge. p. 172.
1618:J. Clinton McCann (2002).
610:
414:Lion of the Tribe of Judah
358:, belonged to this tribe.
36:
29:
1969:Map of the Tribe of Judah
1963:Map of the Tribe of Judah
1732:Dietrich, Walter (2007).
1710:. Routledge. p. 71.
1526:10.1179/peq.2002.134.1.37
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1427:Carl S. Ehrlich (1999).
699:sea, which was used for
30:Not to be confused with
1990:Twelve Tribes of Israel
1956:The Jewish Encyclopedia
430:Deuteronomistic history
363:Deuteronomistic history
340:twelve Tribes of Israel
1435:. Brill. p. 117.
1262:in the New Testament.
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499:to fight with them in
1300:and Judah; hence the
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611:Further information:
373:. After the death of
39:Tribe of Judah (band)
1860:on February 8, 2024.
1228:Babylonian captivity
807:, the fourth son of
703:, in particular for
545:On the accession of
402:Babylonian captivity
129:The Tribes of Israel
90:New Kingdom of Egypt
1995:Hebrew Bible places
1810:Jewish Encyclopedia
743:wilderness of Judah
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1494:Biblischen Notizen
1276:from her visit to
1260:Book of Revelation
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837:Israel Finkelstein
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444:from 641–609 BCE.
62:Geographical range
1717:978-1-317-49031-9
1687:978-1-58983-066-0
1659:978-1-134-94215-2
1631:978-0-8042-3107-7
1603:978-1-58983-912-0
1572:978-0-664-22265-9
1478:978-0-19-939387-9
1412:978-0-8010-2871-7
1249:Bar Kokhba revolt
1195:and Luke through
1147:literary prophets
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862:daughter of Shuah
817:biblical scholars
799:According to the
512:Tribe of Benjamin
481:Wilderness of Zin
338:) was one of the
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736:wilderness of
708:
685:
608:
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565:to create the
563:House of David
508:Book of Samuel
489:Book of Judges
473:Land of Israel
449:Book of Joshua
421:
418:
342:, named after
336:Shevet Yehudah
328:tribe of Judah
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1954:
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1901:Luke 3:23–31
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1876:
1866:
1858:the original
1854:TheTorah.com
1853:
1843:
1823:
1816:
1809:
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1640:
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1553:
1547:Judges 1:1–2
1542:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1467:
1460:
1451:
1432:
1421:
1402:
1391:
1380:
1364:
1359:
1339:
1332:
1305:
1278:King Solomon
1270:Kebre Negest
1264:
1253:
1238:
1231:
1221:
1182:
1144:
1120:
832:
826:
798:
760:
757:hill country
756:
746:
742:
735:
718:, and below
711:
692:
677:
667:
624:
590:
579:
544:
540:King Solomon
505:
486:
459:tribes (the
446:
423:
410:Christianity
399:
383:Tribe of Dan
375:King Solomon
360:
335:
327:
324:Hebrew Bible
321:
219:Other tribes
150:
1785:Judges 1:16
1256:seven seals
701:agriculture
528:Ish-bosheth
463:still held
434:Deuteronomy
367:Deuteronomy
96:Followed by
86:Preceded by
72:Major sites
1979:Categories
1882:26 October
1324:References
1245:Jehoiachin
761:wilderness
745:, and the
712:wilderness
661:outside a
655:Jewish art
520:King David
282:Samaritans
266:Israelites
1534:161065442
1520:: 37–43.
1385:Joshua 15
1290:Christian
1286:Menelik I
1282:Jerusalem
1241:Babylonia
1217:Jerusalem
1187:describe
1178:Zephaniah
1174:Zechariah
1141:Character
1123:Shephelah
720:sea level
691:(Hebrew:
689:Shephelah
676:(Hebrew:
663:synagogue
659:sculpture
636:Bethlehem
591:When the
557:from the
516:King Saul
465:Jerusalem
461:Jebusites
457:Israelite
391:Jerusalem
334:,
241:Jerahmeel
80:Bethlehem
66:West Asia
1935:Amos 9:7
1500:: 21–27.
1312:See also
1266:Ethiopia
1158:Habakkuk
1135:Hezekiah
1131:Mareshah
833:far away
728:leopards
716:Dead Sea
628:Benjamin
555:Jeroboam
547:Rehoboam
501:alliance
438:II Kings
436:through
379:Benjamin
371:II Kings
369:through
206:Benjamin
194:Manasseh
178:Issachar
162:Naphtali
18:Judahite
1288:. Both
1193:Solomon
1170:Obadiah
1127:Lachish
815:. Some
811:and of
782:In the
738:En Gedi
732:outlaws
693:lowland
682:pasture
601:Kohanim
597:Levites
586:Babylon
575:Assyria
571:Samaria
551:Solomon
455:by the
395:Babylon
389:, with
261:Leaders
199:Ephraim
183:Zebulun
1831:
1757:
1714:
1684:
1656:
1628:
1621:Judges
1600:
1569:
1532:
1475:
1439:
1409:
1371:
1347:
1304:motto
1294:Jewish
1197:Nathan
1176:, and
1150:Isaiah
1129:) and
995:Shelah
795:Origin
784:Tanakh
769:grapes
765:olives
741:, the
730:, and
705:grains
640:Hebron
632:Simeon
538:under
493:Joshua
479:, the
469:Joshua
453:Canaan
442:Josiah
426:Yahweh
381:, the
326:, the
236:Rechab
188:Joseph
141:Simeon
136:Reuben
76:Hebron
1594:(PDF)
1530:S2CID
1302:Ge'ez
1189:Jesus
1166:Micah
1112:Zerah
1108:Perez
981:Tamar
852:Judah
809:Jacob
805:Judah
801:Torah
788:Ekron
724:bears
678:south
674:Negev
524:David
477:Negev
356:David
352:Jesse
348:Jacob
344:Judah
226:Caleb
172:Asher
151:Judah
1884:2022
1829:ISBN
1755:ISBN
1712:ISBN
1682:ISBN
1654:ISBN
1626:ISBN
1598:ISBN
1567:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1461:some
1437:ISBN
1407:ISBN
1369:ISBN
1345:ISBN
1292:and
1233:Jews
1211:The
1203:Fate
1162:Joel
1154:Amos
1110:and
988:Onan
813:Leah
777:wine
775:and
755:The
749:Maon
710:The
687:The
672:The
651:lion
649:The
638:and
599:and
506:The
406:Jews
277:Jews
231:Keni
146:Levi
1522:doi
1518:134
1498:106
1457:ORD
1298:Dan
1280:in
773:oil
569:in
467:),
167:Gad
157:Dan
1981::
1907:^
1899:,
1875:.
1852:.
1802:^
1528:.
1516:.
1496:.
1431:.
1236:.
1199:.
1172:,
1168:,
1164:,
1160:,
1156:,
1152:,
974:Er
767:,
726:,
634:.
549:,
78:,
1959:)
1953:(
1886:.
1837:.
1763:.
1720:.
1690:.
1662:.
1634:.
1606:.
1575:.
1536:.
1524::
1502:"
1481:.
1445:.
1415:.
1375:)
1353:.
790:.
779:.
752:.
707:.
684:.
330:(
311:e
304:t
297:v
41:.
34:.
20:)
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