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In dry bulk, lightering can be undertaken one of two ways. If the vessel to be lightered is geared, then it can discharge cargo to smaller, ungeared vessels (typically barges). If the vessel to be lightered is gearless, then floating cranes are often used to transfer cargo to another vessel or barge.
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In many developing nations, such as China and especially India, dry bulk vessels still often lighter so they can meet draft restrictions at ports with no natural deep water access or without channels dredged to sufficient depth to allow safe transit.
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Lightering was practiced for all types of cargo for centuries. Prior to the 19th century introduction of steamships too large to enter some of the ports they intended to serve, in which case lightering became necessary to reduce the vessels'
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sufficiently to enter the port, cargoes ranging from water to ships' stores (food, livestock, misc. supplies), to gunpowder and shot, were carried from dockside to sailing ships moored in harbors and roadways.
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have reduced the frequency of the practice in dry bulk shipping since the middle of the 20th century. However, the practice remains in common usage in the oil tanking industry ("wet" cargo trade).
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across a river. In addition, lightering can refer to the process of removing oil or other hazardous chemicals from a compromised vessel to another vessel to prevent an
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are used to separate the two ships moored to each other and prevent damage while the cargo is being transferred.
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facilities that cannot accept large fully-loaded ocean-going vessels. Lightering can also refer to the use of a
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Also, though not very common, vessels will sometimes lighter before (or even between)
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In May 1935, Pan
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City in the Sky: The Rise and Fall of the World Trade Center
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252:Glanz, James; Lipton, Eric (2003).
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