1271:
53:
227:
31:
194:
Characteristics include tarsal claws that are fused at the base, and labial palps are short and telescoping. The body is elongate shape, as for some other weevils. Each tibia bears an uncus (small hook) on its distal end. The
207:
Bearing in mind modern geographical distribution of
Lixinae and its feeding links, it is considered to be that this subfamily appeared in Euroasian lands, when the area of
1248:
211:
demenished. Probably, lixine weevils formed as group in the arid conditions of the deserts of
Ancient Mediterranean. From here pra-lixine spread out the over dryland.
1210:
1312:
948:
Bouchard P, Bousquet Y, Davies AE, Alonso-Zarazaga MA, Lawrence JF, Lyal CH, Newton AF, Reid CA, Schmitt M, Slipiński SA, Smith AB (April 2011).
1070:
995:
1305:
1197:
1341:
1270:
1059:
A world catalogue of families and genera of
Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae)
1336:
1298:
1057:
1163:
1215:
1176:
52:
171:
in many older treatments. They are mainly root feeders, although some develop in flower buds or stems. Several
1088:
781:
634:
223:. The largest of these by far are the Cleonini, sometimes ranked as an independent subfamily in the past:
1233:
690:
627:
1225:
774:
753:
585:
480:
291:
249:
839:
767:
746:
718:
683:
676:
648:
487:
438:
403:
333:
319:
917:
888:
825:
788:
578:
508:
445:
389:
368:
298:
284:
147:
1038:
902:
760:
739:
711:
697:
662:
655:
641:
620:
571:
564:
536:
473:
459:
417:
396:
375:
361:
347:
340:
305:
176:
47:
1238:
895:
832:
802:
795:
669:
599:
550:
515:
263:
867:
853:
846:
818:
732:
606:
501:
494:
466:
431:
424:
326:
270:
1066:
1003:
977:
452:
242:
196:
139:
860:
1331:
1030:
967:
957:
143:
725:
704:
220:
131:
1282:
1171:
1158:
972:
949:
881:
1325:
1278:
1126:
180:
114:
1042:
226:
410:
382:
312:
208:
39:
1034:
1202:
1184:
1120:
924:
543:
256:
164:
1111:
613:
592:
529:
522:
1021:
Volovnik, S.V. (2013). "On phylogenetic inertia: a case of
Lixinae weevils".
1007:
168:
160:
84:
64:
981:
962:
30:
1145:
1137:
1105:
557:
277:
184:
1150:
874:
354:
172:
1189:
1000:
Weevils of subfamily
Cleoninae in the fauna of the USSR: Tribe Lixini
104:
94:
74:
1082:
225:
1086:
1286:
1095:
943:
941:
1306:
8:
1056:Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A.; Lyal, C.H.C. (1999).
950:"Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)"
1313:
1299:
1083:
29:
20:
971:
961:
937:
7:
1267:
1265:
1226:61ca0380-466e-4502-935f-e43b806e4f9c
1177:f27aedd1-fc60-4666-a4ee-931b959e0909
1023:International Journal of Entomology
14:
1269:
51:
1:
1285:. You can help Knowledge by
1035:10.1080/00379271.2013.854087
1065:. Barcelona: Entomopraxis.
1358:
1264:
137:
130:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
199:is forwardly directed.
1281:-related article is a
1002:. New Delhi: Amerind.
963:10.3897/zookeys.88.807
231:
1234:Paleobiology Database
229:
1172:Fauna Europaea (new)
230:Temnorhinus mendicus
16:Subfamily of beetles
1342:Curculionidae stubs
1337:Beetle subfamilies
232:
177:biological control
167:, included in the
1294:
1293:
1259:
1258:
1089:Taxon identifiers
154:
153:
1349:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1273:
1266:
1252:
1251:
1242:
1241:
1229:
1228:
1219:
1218:
1206:
1205:
1203:NHMSYS0020152438
1193:
1192:
1180:
1179:
1167:
1166:
1154:
1153:
1141:
1140:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1084:
1077:
1076:
1064:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1018:
1012:
1011:
998:, M. E. (1978).
992:
986:
985:
975:
965:
945:
691:Pycnodactylopsis
628:Paraleucochromus
219:There are three
56:
55:
33:
21:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1262:
1260:
1255:
1247:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1222:
1214:
1209:
1201:
1196:
1188:
1183:
1175:
1170:
1162:
1157:
1149:
1144:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1091:
1081:
1080:
1073:
1062:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1020:
1019:
1015:
994:
993:
989:
947:
946:
939:
934:
908:
808:
775:Trichotocleonus
754:Tetragonothorax
726:Stephanocleonus
705:Rhabdorrhynchus
217:
205:
146:
142:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1355:
1353:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1274:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1243:
1230:
1220:
1207:
1194:
1181:
1168:
1159:Fauna Europaea
1155:
1142:
1132:
1117:
1101:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1072:978-8460599944
1071:
1048:
1013:
987:
936:
935:
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930:
929:
928:
921:
907:
906:
899:
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
857:
850:
843:
836:
829:
822:
814:
807:
806:
799:
792:
785:
778:
771:
764:
757:
750:
743:
736:
729:
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715:
708:
701:
694:
687:
680:
673:
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
631:
624:
617:
610:
603:
596:
589:
586:Mongolocleonus
582:
575:
568:
561:
554:
547:
540:
533:
526:
519:
512:
505:
498:
491:
484:
481:Hemeurysternus
477:
470:
463:
456:
449:
442:
435:
428:
421:
414:
407:
400:
393:
386:
379:
372:
365:
358:
351:
344:
337:
330:
323:
316:
309:
302:
295:
292:Asproparthenis
288:
281:
274:
267:
260:
253:
250:Afghanocleonus
246:
238:
216:
213:
204:
201:
181:invasive weeds
152:
151:
135:
134:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
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92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1354:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:Curculionidae
1275:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1103:
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1100:
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1074:
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1060:
1052:
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1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
988:
983:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
956:(88): 1–972.
955:
951:
944:
942:
938:
931:
927:
926:
922:
920:
919:
915:
914:
913:
912:
905:
904:
900:
898:
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893:
891:
890:
886:
884:
883:
879:
877:
876:
872:
870:
869:
865:
863:
862:
858:
856:
855:
851:
849:
848:
844:
842:
841:
840:Gasteroclisus
837:
835:
834:
830:
828:
827:
823:
821:
820:
816:
815:
813:
812:
805:
804:
800:
798:
797:
793:
791:
790:
786:
784:
783:
779:
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772:
770:
769:
768:Trichocleonus
765:
763:
762:
758:
756:
755:
751:
749:
748:
747:Terminasiania
744:
742:
741:
737:
735:
734:
730:
728:
727:
723:
721:
720:
719:Scaphomorphus
716:
714:
713:
709:
707:
706:
702:
700:
699:
695:
693:
692:
688:
686:
685:
684:Pseudocleonus
681:
679:
678:
677:Pseudisomerus
674:
672:
671:
667:
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664:
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658:
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653:
651:
650:
649:Pleurocleonus
646:
644:
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630:
629:
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623:
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583:
581:
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569:
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566:
562:
560:
559:
555:
553:
552:
548:
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541:
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538:
534:
532:
531:
527:
525:
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520:
518:
517:
513:
511:
510:
506:
504:
503:
499:
497:
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492:
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489:
488:Heterocleonus
485:
483:
482:
478:
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471:
469:
468:
464:
462:
461:
457:
455:
454:
450:
448:
447:
443:
441:
440:
439:Ephimeronotus
436:
434:
433:
429:
427:
426:
422:
420:
419:
415:
413:
412:
408:
406:
405:
404:Curculionites
401:
399:
398:
394:
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391:
387:
385:
384:
380:
378:
377:
373:
371:
370:
366:
364:
363:
359:
357:
356:
352:
350:
349:
345:
343:
342:
338:
336:
335:
334:Centrocleonus
331:
329:
328:
324:
322:
321:
320:Brachycleonus
317:
315:
314:
310:
308:
307:
303:
301:
300:
296:
294:
293:
289:
287:
286:
282:
280:
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275:
273:
272:
268:
266:
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136:
133:
129:
126:
123:
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115:Curculionidae
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83:
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63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1287:expanding it
1276:
1261:
1096:
1058:
1051:
1029:(3): 240–1.
1026:
1022:
1016:
999:
996:Ter-Minasyan
990:
953:
923:
918:Bangasternus
916:
911:Rhinocyllini
910:
909:
901:
894:
889:Microlarinus
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
831:
826:Eugeniodecus
824:
817:
810:
809:
801:
794:
789:Xanthochelus
787:
780:
773:
766:
759:
752:
745:
738:
731:
724:
717:
710:
703:
696:
689:
682:
675:
668:
661:
654:
647:
640:
633:
626:
619:
612:
605:
598:
591:
584:
579:Microcleonus
577:
570:
563:
556:
549:
542:
535:
528:
521:
514:
509:Leucochromus
507:
500:
493:
486:
479:
472:
465:
458:
451:
446:Epirrhynchus
444:
437:
430:
423:
416:
411:Cyphocleonus
409:
402:
395:
390:Conorhynchus
388:
383:Coniocleonus
381:
374:
369:Cleonolithus
367:
360:
353:
346:
339:
332:
325:
318:
313:Bothynoderes
311:
304:
299:Atactogaster
297:
290:
285:Asinocleonus
283:
276:
269:
262:
255:
248:
241:
234:
233:
218:
209:Tethys Ocean
206:
193:
188:
175:are used in
165:true weevils
156:
155:
148:Rhinocyllini
138:
124:
40:Lixus iridis
38:
18:
1185:iNaturalist
1121:Wikispecies
925:Rhinocyllus
903:Mycotrichus
782:Whiteheadia
761:Trachydemus
740:Temnorhinus
712:Rungsonymus
698:Resmecaspis
663:Porocleonus
656:Pliocleonus
642:Phaulosomus
635:Pentatropis
621:Pajnisoodes
572:Mesocleonus
565:Menecleonus
544:Lixomorphus
537:Lixocleonus
474:Gonocleonus
460:Eurycleonus
418:Entymetopus
397:Cosmogaster
376:Cnemodontus
362:Cleonogonus
348:Chromosomus
341:Chromonotus
306:Bodemeyeria
257:Ammocleonus
121:Subfamily:
1326:Categories
932:References
896:Microlixus
833:Eustenopus
803:Zaslavskia
796:Xenomacrus
670:Priorhinus
614:Pachycerus
600:Neocleonus
593:Monolophus
551:Lixopachys
530:Liocleonus
523:Leucophyes
516:Leucomigus
264:Aparotopus
105:Coleoptera
85:Arthropoda
1008:991728300
868:Lachnaeus
854:Hypolixus
847:Hololixus
819:Broconius
733:Surchania
607:Nomimonyx
502:Koenigius
495:Isomerops
467:Georginus
432:Epexochus
425:Eocleonus
327:Calodemas
271:Aplesilus
189:Centaurea
185:knapweeds
183:, namely
169:Molytinae
161:subfamily
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1146:BugGuide
1135:BioLib:
1112:Q1934055
1106:Wikidata
1043:83427757
982:21594053
558:Mecaspis
453:Eumecops
278:Apleurus
243:Adosomus
235:Cleonini
215:Taxonomy
140:Cleonini
111:Family:
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
24:Lixinae
1332:Lixinae
1249:lixinae
1127:Lixinae
1097:Lixinae
973:3088472
954:ZooKeys
875:Larinus
861:Ileomus
355:Cleonis
203:Genesis
197:rostrum
173:species
157:Lixinae
125:Lixinae
101:Order:
95:Insecta
91:Class:
1239:207259
1223:NZOR:
1216:122885
1190:272543
1164:248053
1069:
1041:
1006:
980:
970:
811:Lixini
221:tribes
144:Lixini
132:Tribes
1277:This
1246:PPE:
1151:30833
1138:12901
1063:(PDF)
1039:S2CID
882:Lixus
159:is a
1283:stub
1211:NCBI
1067:ISBN
1004:OCLC
978:PMID
1198:NBN
1031:doi
968:PMC
958:doi
191:).
179:of
163:of
1328::
1236::
1213::
1200::
1187::
1174::
1161::
1148::
1123::
1108::
1037:.
1027:49
1025:.
976:.
966:.
952:.
940:^
1314:e
1307:t
1300:v
1289:.
1075:.
1045:.
1033::
1010:.
984:.
960::
187:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
