194:
49:
545:
38:
27:
193:
262:), but this indicator is unreliable for the determination of the earliest date, because luchinas can be simply inserted into a crack of a wall. Another way is search for lucina's unburned tinder ends (and having a reliable way to distinguish them from other kinds of partially burned pieces of wood). Archeologists of
330:
48:
239:
Waste of big amounts of good wood (because bad wood (crooked or knotty) is not used for luchinas), because in winter nearly all dark time is used by peasants for various chores and winter works.
412:
772:
603:
315:
258:
Russian archeologists posed a question when luchinas were started to be used for lighting in Russia. Possible indicators would have been finding of luchina holders (
1200:
190:, known under various regional names, could also be placed in a special cavity in the stove or on a special hearth attached to the stove, or in hanging holders.
558:
121:...their greater menne vſe much waxe for their lightes, poorer and meaner ſorte birch dried in their ſtoaues, and cut into long ſliuers, which they call
596:
213:(Світач, Polish:Świtacz), an implement that consisted of wooden pipe leading through the roof, under which an iron grate was hanging, on which
266:
sought for luchina ends in various strata and found no remnants of those in strata dated between the 11th and first half of 13th centuries.
500:
1310:
1065:
589:
475:
403:
750:
1608:
1505:
1243:
1110:
149:
1335:
1120:
530:
1330:
1130:
1037:
231:
had a number of drawbacks enumerated in an 1828 article by a colonel Piotr Kołogriwow, which suggested to use burning of
1500:
661:
1392:
1160:
1512:
1480:
1073:
1060:
656:
435:
111:
1573:
788:
762:
20:
1433:
1105:
717:
424:
1636:
1631:
1190:
1115:
552:
340:
1603:
377:
1315:
818:
1443:
1369:
1364:
1347:
1342:
1302:
767:
745:
290:
166:
142:
95:
52:
574:ПЛЕТЕНЫЕ КОРЗИНЫ ИЗ СОСНОВОЙ ЛУЧИНЫ В БЫТУ КРЕСТЬЯН ОЛОНЕЦКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ (этнографические материалы)
1593:
1265:
1050:
993:
985:
1135:
1083:
1055:
975:
813:
801:
757:
685:
631:
518:
1418:
1352:
1282:
1233:
784:
673:
668:
483:
320:
283:
67:
1578:
1537:
1495:
1490:
1325:
1145:
922:
651:
626:
137:
for easy splintering. Splintering was done with the help of a special large knife called
1466:
1357:
1248:
1212:
1185:
1155:
1022:
794:
641:
636:
573:
452:
302:
179:
may be manufactured with a stand. A small basin with water is usually placed under the
1641:
1625:
1547:
1277:
1180:
1175:
1097:
998:
905:
883:
709:
690:
646:
134:
1557:
1453:
1448:
1423:
1413:
1374:
1195:
1150:
878:
843:
779:
737:
722:
678:
407:
155:
438:
74:) is a long thin sliver/chip or plate of wood, most commonly used as a miniature
1598:
1552:
1428:
1287:
1207:
1015:
1010:
970:
942:
937:
868:
863:
848:
727:
224:, usually done by children, was to remove the charred tips, for brighter light.
1542:
1408:
1403:
1292:
1255:
1238:
1170:
1165:
1140:
835:
255:
Kołogriwow argues all the above drawbacks are absent if hemp were to be used.
1588:
1485:
1438:
1027:
1003:
932:
912:
360:
352:
275:
87:
1320:
1260:
965:
957:
927:
888:
853:
823:
806:
612:
371:
263:
154:. It may also be done with a special implement, similar to a carpenter's
165:
is inserted in a crack in the wooden wall or in a special holder called
1272:
1217:
895:
366:
294:
202:
91:
78:
for makeshift lighting of the interiors of buildings in the history of
37:
900:
858:
83:
79:
26:
1583:
947:
873:
192:
75:
47:
36:
339:("darling Luchina") is the title of several songs and poems, see
356:
298:
279:
232:
585:
581:
413:
Explanatory
Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language
82:. Similar implements were used in other countries, e.g.,
235:
stalks for lighting. He identified the following issues:
531:Древние жители Новгорода не умели пользоваться лучинами
355:, a similar lighting implement by soaking the dried
1566:
1521:
1462:
1385:
1301:
1226:
1096:
1036:
984:
956:
834:
736:
708:
699:
619:
251:Smoke in the house is bad for eyes and breathing.
551:
175:may be stuck in a wooden wall. A more elaborate
110:for lighting in western sources may be found in
119:
245:Time spent for preparation of wood for luchina
597:
8:
328:is an alternative name for the Russian song
559:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
705:
604:
590:
582:
25:
389:
510:
508:
133:cuts of log; it was steam-heated in a
399:
397:
395:
393:
7:
305:, both for home usage and for sale.
248:Injuries during luchina splintering
16:Lighting made of a wooden splinter
14:
543:
1121:Parabolic aluminized reflector
374:, German fatwood lighter holder
278:to start a fire and for making
274:Luchanas were commonly used as
106:An early mention of the use of
1066:Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide
301:luchina was commonly used for
183:, to collect ashes and coals.
1:
129:Luchinas are best used from
1311:Automotive light bulb types
1161:Intelligent street lighting
1658:
1074:Hydrargyrum quartz iodide
497:Polskie lampy i świeczniki
465:Polskie lampy i świeczniki
440:Of the Russe Common Wealth
242:Fires, due to carelessness
115:Of the Russe Common Wealth
18:
1513:Stage lighting instrument
71:
1574:Battlefield illumination
1331:high-intensity discharge
763:Electrochemiluminescence
480:Словарь української мови
331:То не ветер ветку клонит
41:A knife for splintering
21:Luchina (disambiguation)
1434:Electroluminescent wire
453:Strug do darcia łuczywa
220:A part of servicing of
1116:Multifaceted reflector
198:
127:
59:
45:
34:
1506:ellipsoidal reflector
1111:Ellipsoidal reflector
795:Fluorescent induction
773:field-induced polymer
378:List of light sources
270:Other uses of luchina
196:
51:
40:
29:
1343:Rear position lights
1316:Daytime running lamp
1244:Mechanically powered
1131:Aviation obstruction
19:For other uses, see
751:Electron-stimulated
562:(in Russian). 1906.
291:Olonets Governorate
1594:Luminous gemstones
768:Electroluminescent
746:Cathodoluminescent
533:, October 23, 2009
209:were burned using
199:
60:
46:
35:
1619:
1618:
1136:Balanced-arm lamp
1092:
1091:
976:Yablochkov candle
844:Acetylene/Carbide
814:Radioluminescence
686:Luminous efficacy
632:Color temperature
486:, Кiev, 1907—1909
363:in fat or grease.
1649:
1419:Christmas lights
1353:Safety reflector
1348:Reversing lights
1283:Navigation light
1234:Bicycle lighting
1124:
1077:
1069:
1043:
802:Photoluminescent
785:Fluorescent lamp
758:Chemiluminescent
706:
674:Bi-pin lamp base
669:Lightbulb socket
606:
599:
592:
583:
576:
570:
564:
563:
555:
549:
547:
546:
540:
534:
527:
521:
517:, no. 32, 1828,
512:
503:
495:Jerzy Hołubiec,
493:
487:
484:Borys Hrinchenko
473:
467:
463:Jerzy Hołubiec,
461:
455:
450:
444:
433:
427:
422:
416:
401:
321:Marina Tsvetaeva
284:lath and plaster
171:. A small metal
153:
73:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1579:Bioluminescence
1562:
1531:
1517:
1474:
1458:
1397:
1381:
1297:
1222:
1146:Emergency light
1122:
1088:
1075:
1067:
1041:
1039:
1032:
980:
952:
923:Magnesium torch
830:
732:
701:
695:
652:Light pollution
627:Accent lighting
615:
610:
580:
579:
571:
567:
550:
544:
542:
541:
537:
528:
524:
513:
506:
494:
490:
474:
470:
462:
458:
451:
447:
434:
430:
423:
419:
402:
391:
386:
349:
311:
272:
229:luchina/luczywo
222:luchina/luczywo
147:
104:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1567:Related topics
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1358:retroreflector
1350:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1213:Track lighting
1210:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1193:
1188:
1186:Recessed light
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1156:Gooseneck lamp
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1113:
1102:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1038:High-intensity
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1008:
1007:
1006:
996:
990:
988:
982:
981:
979:
978:
973:
968:
962:
960:
954:
953:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
909:
908:
903:
893:
892:
891:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
840:
838:
832:
831:
829:
828:
827:
826:
816:
811:
810:
809:
807:Laser headlamp
799:
798:
797:
792:
777:
776:
775:
765:
760:
755:
754:
753:
742:
740:
734:
733:
731:
730:
725:
720:
714:
712:
703:
697:
696:
694:
693:
688:
683:
682:
681:
676:
666:
665:
664:
659:
649:
644:
639:
637:Electric light
634:
629:
623:
621:
617:
616:
611:
609:
608:
601:
594:
586:
578:
577:
572:Ж.В.Гвоздева,
565:
535:
529:Юлия Минеева,
522:
504:
488:
468:
456:
445:
428:
417:
388:
387:
385:
382:
381:
380:
375:
369:
364:
348:
345:
344:
343:
334:
323:
310:
307:
303:basket weaving
271:
268:
253:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
161:For lighting,
103:
102:Luchina lights
100:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1654:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:Wood products
1635:
1633:
1632:Light sources
1630:
1629:
1627:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1548:Infrared lamp
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1278:Laser pointer
1276:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1181:Pendant light
1179:
1177:
1176:Neon lighting
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1051:Mercury-vapor
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
997:
995:
994:Deuterium arc
992:
991:
989:
987:
986:Gas discharge
983:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
961:
959:
955:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
897:
894:
890:
887:
886:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
837:
833:
825:
822:
821:
820:
817:
815:
812:
808:
805:
804:
803:
800:
796:
793:
790:
786:
783:
782:
781:
778:
774:
771:
770:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
752:
749:
748:
747:
744:
743:
741:
739:
735:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
713:
711:
707:
704:
698:
692:
691:Task lighting
689:
687:
684:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
670:
667:
663:
660:
658:
655:
654:
653:
650:
648:
647:Light fixture
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
622:
618:
614:
607:
602:
600:
595:
593:
588:
587:
584:
575:
569:
566:
561:
560:
554:
553:"Дрань"
539:
536:
532:
526:
523:
520:
516:
511:
509:
505:
502:
498:
492:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
469:
466:
460:
457:
454:
449:
446:
442:
441:
437:
432:
429:
426:
421:
418:
415:
414:
409:
405:
400:
398:
396:
394:
390:
383:
379:
376:
373:
370:
368:
365:
362:
358:
354:
351:
350:
346:
342:
338:
335:
333:
332:
327:
324:
322:
318:
317:
313:
312:
308:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
269:
267:
265:
261:
256:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
237:
236:
234:
230:
225:
223:
218:
217:were burned.
216:
212:
208:
204:
195:
191:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
169:
164:
159:
157:
151:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:Russian stove
132:
126:
124:
118:
116:
113:
109:
101:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
69:
65:
58:
54:
50:
44:
39:
33:
28:
22:
1454:Strobe light
1449:Plasma globe
1424:Crackle tube
1414:Bubble light
1375:trafficators
1370:Turn signals
1196:Street light
1151:Gas lighting
1084:Sodium vapor
1056:Metal-halide
958:Electric arc
917:
710:Incandescent
679:Edison screw
568:
557:
538:
525:
514:
496:
491:
479:
471:
464:
459:
448:
443:, 1591, p. 8
439:
431:
420:
411:
408:Vladimir Dal
336:
329:
325:
314:
288:
273:
259:
257:
254:
228:
226:
221:
219:
214:
210:
206:
200:
187:
185:
180:
176:
172:
167:
162:
160:
143:
138:
130:
128:
122:
120:
114:
107:
105:
98:or Лучина).
63:
61:
56:
42:
31:
1599:Signal lamp
1553:Stroboscope
1429:DJ lighting
1365:Stop lights
1336:sealed beam
1288:Searchlight
1028:Xenon flash
971:Klieg light
819:Solid-state
780:Fluorescent
738:Luminescent
515:Rozmaitości
372:de:Maulaffe
341:s:ru:Лучина
337:Luchinushka
186:In Poland,
148: [
1626:Categories
1543:Grow light
1538:Germicidal
1528:Scientific
1525:Industrial
1481:Floodlight
1467:Theatrical
1409:Blacklight
1404:Aroma lamp
1393:Decorative
1303:Automotive
1293:Solar lamp
1256:Glow stick
1239:Flashlight
1171:Nightlight
1166:Light tube
1141:Chandelier
1098:Stationary
1040:discharge
966:Carbon arc
836:Combustion
702:generation
700:Methods of
436:Fletcter's
384:References
361:rush plant
319:, poem by
309:In culture
112:Fletcter's
88:pl:Łuczywo
1609:Reflected
1589:Light art
1501:Spotlight
1486:Footlight
1471:Cinematic
1439:Lava lamp
1201:in the US
1106:Reflector
1023:Xenon arc
1004:Neon lamp
933:Rushlight
913:Limelight
662:Hong Kong
353:Rushlight
227:Usage of
139:luchinnik
123:Luchineos
96:uk:Скіпка
1321:Headlamp
1261:Headlamp
1249:Tactical
1227:Portable
1208:Torchère
889:Petromax
884:Kerosene
854:Campfire
824:LED lamp
620:Concepts
613:Lighting
347:See also
276:kindling
264:Novgorod
215:luchinas
207:luchinas
203:Polesian
117:(1591):
94:(called
86:(called
53:Spinning
43:luchinas
30:Burning
1604:Sources
1558:Tanning
1444:Marquee
1389:Display
1273:Lantern
1266:outdoor
1218:Troffer
1061:ceramic
918:Luchina
896:Lantern
789:compact
787: (
723:Halogen
718:Regular
367:Fatwood
359:of the
326:Luchina
316:Luchina
295:Karelia
286:works.
260:svetets
211:svitach
197:Svitach
188:luczywo
181:svetets
177:svetets
173:svetets
168:svetets
163:luchina
131:luchina
108:luchina
92:Ukraine
68:Russian
64:luchina
57:luchina
32:luchina
1326:hidden
1191:Sconce
1016:Sulfur
1011:Plasma
943:Tilley
938:Safety
901:Fanous
864:Carcel
859:Candle
849:Argand
728:Nernst
657:Hawaii
548:
482:, ed.
478:, In:
476:Світач
425:СКІПКА
404:Лучина
84:Poland
80:Russia
72:Лучина
55:under
1584:Laser
1496:Scoop
1123:(PAR)
1076:(HQI)
1068:(HMI)
1042:(HID)
948:Torch
906:Paper
874:Flare
642:Glare
519:p.319
501:p. 20
280:laths
205:huts
156:plane
152:]
144:kosar
141:. or
76:torch
1642:Fire
1491:Gobo
999:Neon
869:Diya
357:pith
299:pine
282:for
233:hemp
928:Oil
879:Gas
410:'s
297:),
289:In
201:In
158:.
90:),
1628::
556:.
507:^
499:,
406:,
392:^
150:ru
70::
62:A
791:)
605:e
598:t
591:v
293:(
125:.
66:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
