117:
1108:, being a history of the Sinhala Buddhists, presented itself to the Tamil Nationalists and the Sinhala Nationalists as the hegemonic epic of the Sinhala people. This view was attacked by G. G. Ponnambalam, a representative of the Nationalist Tamils in the 1930s. He claimed that most of the Sinhala kings, including Vijaya, Kasyapa, and Parakramabahu, were Tamils. Ponnambalam's 1939 speech in Nawalapitiya, attacking the claim that Sri Lanka is a Sinhalese, Buddhist nation was seen as an act against the notion of creating a Sinhalese-Buddhist only nation. The Sinhala majority responded with a mob riot, which engulfed Nawalapitiya, Passara, Maskeliya, and even in Tamil
1250:) also refers to this story as "a tissue of absurdities". V. A. Smith and Professor Hermann came to this conclusion due to Ashoka not mentioning the handing over of his son, Mahinda, to the temple to become a Buddhist missionary and Mahinda's role in converting the Sri Lankan king to Buddhism, in his 13th-year Rock Edicts, particularly Rock-Edict XIII. Sources outside of Sri Lanka and the Mahavamsa tradition do not mention Mahinda as Ashoka's son. There is also an inconsistency with the year in which Ashoka sent Buddhist missionaries to Sri Lanka. According to the
7807:
7195:
5867:
3032:
506:
5878:
7817:
7205:
3276:
3263:
3253:
7827:
784:
This material consists of genealogies and lineages of Sri Lankan kings, sometimes with stories about their succession or notable incidents in their reigns. This material may have been derived from earlier royal chronicles and king lists that were recorded orally in vernacular languages, and are a
1230:
practiced cross-cousin marriage historically- but the exogamous marriage was the norm in the regions of northern India associated with the life of the Buddha. No mention of cross-cousin marriage is found in earlier
Buddhist sources, and scholars suspect that this genealogy was created to fit the
1063:
language. Its stories of battles and invasions, court intrigue, and great constructions of stupas and water reservoirs, written in elegant verse suitable for memorization, caught the imagination of the
Buddhist world of the time. Unlike many texts written in antiquity, it also discusses various
1009:, comparatively more is known about the history of the island of Ceylon and neighboring regions than that of most of the subcontinent. Its contents have aided in the identification and corroboration of archaeological sites and inscriptions associated with early Buddhism, the empire of
815:
in writing. This is a significant source of material about the development of the early
Buddhist community and includes the names of missionaries dispatched to various regions of South and Southeast Asia, some of which have been confirmed by inscriptions and other archaeological
1182:
as being too remote historically from its source and too similar to an epic poem or other literary creation to be seriously regarded as history. The date of Vijaya's arrival is thought to have been artificially fixed to coincide with the date for the death of
1155:
had been based on earlier
Sinhala sources that originated on the island of Ceylon. While Geiger did not believe that the details provided with every story and name were reliable, he broke from earlier scholars in believing that the
1092:
has, especially in modern Sri Lanka, acquired significance as a document with a political message. The
Sinhalese majority often use Mahavamsa as proof of their claim that Sri Lanka is a Sinhalese nation since historical time.
116:
6368:
2391:
The
Mahavansi, the Raja-ratnacari, and the Raja-vali : forming the sacred and historical books of Ceylon; also, a collection of tracts illustrative of the doctrines and literature of Buddhism: translated from the
1160:
faithfully reflected an earlier tradition that had preserved the names and deeds of various royal and religious leaders, rather than being a pure work of heroic literary fiction. He regarded the early chapters of the
1146:
was one of the first
Western scholars to suggest that it was possible to separate useful historical information from the mythic and poetic elaborations of the chronicle. While other scholars had assumed that the
906:, provides a continuous historical record of over two millennia, and is considered one of the world's longest unbroken historical accounts. It is one of the few documents containing material relating to the
2070:
Thomas R. Trautmann. “Consanguineous
Marriage in Pali Literature.” Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 93, no. 2, 1973, pp. 158–180. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/598890. Accessed 14 May 2020.
2365:
The
Mahawansha from first to thirty-sixth Chapter. Revised and edited, under Orders of the Ceylon Government by H. Sumangala, High Priest of Adam's Peak, and Don Andris de Silva Batuwantudawa, Pandit.
631:
published an
English translation in 1833, but it was marked by several errors in translation and interpretation, among them suggesting that the Buddha was born in Sri Lanka and built a monastery atop
2360:
DHS Abayaratna (ed.) The Sinhalese Maháwansa ... an easy Sinhalese literal translation of the ... "Mahawansa" versified in the Pali language by ancient scholars such as Mahanama Mahasthavira 1922
1128:
contained reliable historical content, but subsequent evidence from inscriptions and archaeological finds have confirmed that there is a factual basis for many of the stories recorded in the
1044:
ends by stating that it is written for the "serene joy of the pious". From the emphasis of its point-of-view, and being compiled to record the good deeds of the kings who were patrons of the
1203:
or nature spirits who traded with Indian merchants, and in another, the Sinhala progenitor is a prince exiled for patricide who then slays a wealthy merchant and adopts his 500 children.
1449:. Its composition is attributed to an otherwise unknown monk called Moggallana and its exact period of composition and origin are unknown. The origin of this version is believed to be
4017:
7241:
2372:
The Mahawanso in Roman Characters with the Translation Subjoined, and an Introductory Essay on Pali Buddhistical Literature. Vol. I containing the first thirty eight Chapters.
682:
maintained chronicles of the island's history starting from the 3rd century BCE. These annals were then combined and compiled into a single document in the 5th century while
3407:
1885:
830:, recounting wars, succession disputes, the building of stupas and reliquaries, and other notable incidents. An extensive chronicle of the war between the Sinhala King
6465:
737:
with a passage that claims that he intends to correct repetitions and shortcomings that afflicted the chronicle compiled by the ancients- this may refer either to the
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produced a Romanized transliteration and translation into Latin in 1826, but these garnered relatively little attention. Working from Johnston's manuscripts,
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Geiger's Sinhala student G. C. Mendis was more openly skeptical about certain portions of the text, specifically citing the story of the Sinhala ancestor
5915:
3485:
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that were inhabiting the island and delivering a prophecy that Sri Lanka will become an important Buddhist center. These visits are not mentioned in the
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403:
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2140:
2119:
1929:
1868:
1497:
6614:
6383:
6252:
3570:
3412:
1526:
Gananath Obeyesekere, “Buddhism, ethnicity and Identity: A problem of Buddhist History,” in “Journal of Buddhist Ethics”, 10, (2003): 46
7227:
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who has published studies on the Buddha and translated many Pali texts, considers this story a "pure invention". V. A. Smith (Author of
440:
612:
312:
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7861:
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6229:
5644:
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both recorded myths of the origins of the Sinhala people in their travels that varied significantly from the versions recorded in the
547:
7830:
5737:
1377:
were written, likely sometime between 1000 CE and 1250 CE. This commentary provides explanations of ambiguous Pali terms used in the
7731:
6393:
6388:
6183:
3490:
2751:
2448:
2162:
1798:
1773:
1513:
1137:
3633:
1622:"The Mahavansa. Part II / translated from the original Pali into English for the Government of Ceylon by L.C. Wijesinha, mudaliyar"
7384:
6549:
6268:
6137:
6011:
5422:
5167:
2797:
2599:
2479:
2350:
Guruge, Ananda W. P. Mahavamsa: The Great Chronicle of Sri Lanka, A New Annotated Translation with Prolegomena, ANCL Colombo 1989
1080:
gave rise to many other Pali chronicles, making Sri Lanka of that period probably the world's leading center in Pali literature.
387:
301:
1132:, including Ashoka's missionary work and the kings associated with founding various monasteries and stupas. The contents of the
7441:
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6727:
6638:
6505:
6378:
6263:
6092:
5814:
5804:
1954:
316:
6127:
371:
7876:
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7505:
7446:
7299:
7253:
7141:
7088:
6939:
6882:
6862:
6772:
6668:
6658:
6581:
6559:
6062:
5954:
5908:
5759:
5412:
5214:
5105:
5050:
3623:
3006:
2719:
2587:
2105:
1893:
1605:
1548:
1476:
585:
527:
487:
277:
7770:
2972:
1541:
Theravada Buddhism and the British Encounter: Religious, Missionary and Colonial Experience in Nineteenth-Century Sri Lanka
1072:
to many Buddhist lands. Parts of it were translated, retold, and absorbed into other languages. An extended version of the
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379:
99:
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6313:
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6278:
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5155:
4857:
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6398:
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1352:
up until 1935. While not authorized or supported by any government or religious organization, this continuation of the
1331:
contains three sections composed by five different authors (one anonymous) belonging to successive historical periods.
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and affiliated with the Mahavihara, but no other reliable biographical information is known. Mahānāma introduces the
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6188:
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5852:
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3417:
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679:
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605:
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7294:
7146:
7018:
6995:
6929:
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5949:
5901:
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5555:
5545:
5417:
4400:
3980:
3741:
3716:
2875:
2691:
683:
517:
4040:
7886:
7166:
7023:
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6750:
6643:
6308:
5847:
5199:
5013:
4991:
4984:
4887:
4420:
3856:
3801:
3422:
3228:
2744:
2739:
1322:
1121:
827:
593:
7151:
3158:
6487:
7546:
7493:
7364:
7309:
7136:
7105:
6978:
6924:
6678:
6673:
6569:
6345:
6207:
5996:
5991:
5784:
5764:
5095:
5075:
4832:
4562:
4363:
4124:
3806:
3756:
3138:
2967:
2962:
2766:
2724:
2666:
2561:
216:
194:
190:
183:
7073:
7053:
6787:
3163:
2782:
2302:
Blackburn, M. (2015). "Buddhist Connections in the Indian Ocean: Changes in Monastic Mobility, 1000-1500".
1527:
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before the legendary arrival of Prince Vijaya from Singha Pura of Kalinga. As it often refers to the royal
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6802:
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5794:
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4996:
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4260:
4012:
4007:
3199:
3123:
3090:
2815:
2681:
2604:
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2033:
Wilhelm Geiger (1912). Mahavamsa: Great Chronicle of Ceylon. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. 16-20.
1300:
and probably served as the nucleus of an oral tradition that was eventually incorporated into the written
477:
472:
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383:
7347:
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3075:
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7708:
7527:
7483:
7352:
7337:
7058:
6990:
6807:
6732:
6574:
6536:
6522:
6450:
6052:
6021:
5799:
5769:
5350:
5282:
5115:
5030:
5025:
4949:
4944:
4862:
3392:
3095:
2936:
2656:
2570:
1706:
482:
364:
250:
246:
147:
4415:
3105:
3100:
1381:, and in some cases adds additional details or clarifies differences between different versions of the
4932:
4072:
3080:
2787:
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600:
from India in 543 BCE to his reign and later updated by different writers. It was first composed by a
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7723:
7698:
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7289:
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7171:
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6897:
6827:
6755:
6742:
6544:
6259:
6147:
6057:
5976:
5944:
5822:
5789:
5774:
5662:
5292:
5189:
5135:
5020:
4959:
4927:
4922:
4907:
4892:
4882:
4847:
4760:
4452:
4375:
4277:
4146:
3948:
3686:
3678:
3618:
3367:
3334:
3284:
3133:
2807:
2661:
2575:
2553:
2150:
1991:
H. Bechert, "The beginnings of Buddhist Historiography in Ceylon, Mahawamsa and Political Thinking",
1761:
1466:
1397:
makes several references to commentaries and alternate versions of the chronicle associated with the
994:
687:
640:
467:
281:
254:
223:
108:
3603:
3530:
2279:
Shtrathern, Alan (2014). "Vijaya and Romulus: Interpreting the Origin myths of Sri Lanka and Rome".
2215:
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are also amply supported by the numerous stone inscriptions, mostly in Sinhala, found in Sri Lanka.
7666:
7631:
7359:
7256:
7028:
6951:
6435:
6097:
6001:
5629:
5508:
5342:
5317:
5307:
5267:
5244:
5127:
5100:
5060:
4979:
4969:
4897:
4824:
4255:
4112:
3893:
3871:
3823:
3643:
3443:
3299:
3279:
2987:
2619:
2565:
1585:
954:
931:
907:
771:
706:(4th century CE) "Chronicles of the Island" is much simpler and contains less information than the
455:
308:
239:
198:
7816:
7204:
5491:
1857:
7758:
7468:
7394:
7198:
7131:
7083:
7078:
7063:
7038:
7033:
6973:
6934:
6909:
6142:
6082:
6006:
5692:
5597:
5439:
5402:
5397:
5327:
5277:
5224:
5219:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5070:
5055:
5040:
5035:
4974:
4954:
4917:
4842:
4647:
4348:
4272:
4150:
4092:
3933:
3833:
3761:
3736:
3382:
3312:
2609:
2582:
2495:
2336:
2288:
2258:
2235:
2203:
2195:
2007:
Communal politics under the Donoughmore Constitution, 1931–1947, Tissara Publishers, Colombo 1982
1507:
1336:
1206:
The story of the Buddha's three visits to Sri Lanka is not recorded in any source outside of the
1151:
had been assembled from borrowed material from Indian Pali sources, Geiger hypothesized that the
1064:
aspects of the lives of ordinary people, and how they joined the King's army or farmed. Thus the
892:
410:
270:
3085:
930:
is also valuable for historians who wish to date and relate contemporary royal dynasties in the
730:
161:
86:
3608:
3168:
1234:
The historical accuracy of Mahinda converting the Sri Lankan king to Buddhism is also debated.
592:
language. It relates the history of Sri Lanka from its legendary beginnings up to the reign of
7703:
7688:
7673:
7641:
7048:
6867:
6842:
6422:
6107:
5964:
5870:
5832:
5528:
5513:
5476:
5461:
5234:
5150:
5065:
4902:
4867:
4852:
4814:
4579:
4569:
4250:
4097:
4082:
3953:
3876:
3796:
3731:
3663:
3550:
3508:
3307:
2880:
2729:
2444:
2158:
2136:
2115:
1925:
1864:
1794:
1769:
1666:"Mahavamsa, the Great Chronicle of Sri Lanka (covering the period 6th century BCE to 1815 CE)"
1601:
1544:
1398:
1357:
1235:
1219:
1101:
1033:
859:
808:
624:
75:
4597:
2109:
1768:(1st Indian ed.). New Delhi: Munishiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. pp. 87–93.
1597:
1590:
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6792:
6515:
6477:
6216:
6132:
6102:
6087:
5518:
5471:
5466:
5322:
5287:
5262:
5257:
5008:
4964:
4877:
4552:
4208:
4201:
3985:
3975:
3861:
3525:
3397:
2631:
2614:
2460:
Original Pali Text in Devanagari (अन्य > महावंस > पथमपरिच्छेद to तिसट्ठिम परिच्छेद )
2311:
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2185:
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1255:
1227:
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660:
510:
375:
4617:
3781:
3771:
3535:
2792:
1325:(277–304 CE) until 1815, when the entire island was surrendered to the British throne. The
766:
to the island of Sri Lanka. These stories describe the Buddha subduing or driving away the
7754:
7478:
7379:
6619:
6328:
5882:
5827:
5779:
5707:
5577:
5375:
5355:
5297:
5209:
4872:
4770:
4353:
4336:
4321:
4299:
3851:
3721:
3555:
2696:
2651:
2504:
2249:
Matthews, Bruce (1979). "The Problem of Communalism in Contemporary Burma and Sri Lanka".
1946:
950:
648:
4627:
4341:
3588:
3451:
2820:
2423:
785:
significant source of material about the history of Sri Lanka and nearby Indian kingdoms.
635:. The first printed edition and widely read English translation was published in 1837 by
1680:"'Mahavamsa': Great Chronicle of Sri Lanka added to UNESCO Memory of the World Register"
6966:
6705:
6700:
6663:
6445:
6440:
6117:
6072:
6016:
5837:
5540:
5390:
5172:
4752:
4732:
4652:
4331:
4265:
4240:
4102:
3189:
2926:
2626:
1184:
1143:
1021:
990:
889:
656:
647:
completed the remaining 62 chapters and reviewed Turnour's work, publishing in 1889. A
636:
632:
616:
450:
332:
7369:
4765:
4065:
4055:
1665:
611:
The Mahavamsa first came to the attention of Western researchers around 1809 CE, when
7845:
7683:
6047:
5607:
5456:
4667:
4525:
4326:
4304:
3911:
3706:
3701:
3593:
3427:
3262:
2931:
2911:
2432:
2207:
1922:
Formations of Ritual: Colonial and Anthropological Discourses on the Sinhala Yaktovil
1179:
986:
946:
939:
823:
767:
597:
285:
5652:
4557:
4435:
3791:
3786:
7281:
6710:
6122:
6112:
5697:
5682:
5602:
5592:
5434:
5229:
4722:
4223:
4218:
4045:
3916:
3252:
3031:
2830:
2734:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2386:
1820:
1471:
1446:
1223:
970:
935:
831:
628:
347:
4480:
4465:
4425:
3362:
2055:
846:) may represent the incorporation of a popular epic from the vernacular tradition.
666:
In 2023, the Mahavamsa was listed an item of documentary heritage on the UNESCO’s
7219:
2270:
MacLaughlin, Raul. "Ancient Contacts: The Roman Emperor and the Sinhalese King".
7678:
7626:
7601:
7574:
7551:
5939:
5667:
5657:
5496:
4637:
4622:
4405:
4213:
4141:
3921:
3751:
3653:
3500:
3372:
3204:
3194:
3184:
2850:
2845:
2825:
1425:
1192:
700:), which were commentaries written in Sinhala. An earlier document known as the
5877:
3811:
1621:
7713:
6715:
5612:
5570:
5446:
5252:
5177:
4791:
4775:
4737:
4717:
4632:
4612:
4587:
4495:
4430:
4410:
4156:
4087:
3958:
3841:
3746:
3696:
3628:
3354:
3344:
3317:
3070:
2860:
2542:
2315:
1419:
1390:
1020:
covers the early history of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, beginning with the time of
867:
812:
800:
796:
775:
692:
154:
3926:
2998:
2454:
1371:, is believed to have been composed before the first additions composing the
1005:
Historiographical sources are rare in much of South Asia. As a result of the
44:
7790:
7579:
7415:
7389:
7098:
7093:
6720:
5924:
5587:
5560:
4727:
4602:
4314:
4230:
4107:
3997:
3970:
3963:
3883:
3846:
3613:
3578:
3545:
3520:
3475:
3209:
3065:
3060:
3055:
2982:
2957:
2952:
2535:
2528:
2521:
1683:
1373:
1327:
1313:
1272:
1163:
1076:, which gives many more details, has also been found in Southeast Asia. The
1069:
880:
803:. It includes the names of prominent monks and nuns in the early Sri Lankan
739:
702:
581:
140:
133:
5360:
4196:
4050:
3816:
3598:
3467:
3459:
1924:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 191–192.
1592:
The Presence of the Past: Chronicles, Politics, and Culture in Sinhala Life
4122:
2019:, June 1, 1939 issue (Newspaper archived at the Jaffna University Library)
1389:
itself, which is composed almost entirely of material associated with the
1308:
is believed to have been the first Pali text composed entirely in Ceylon.
1231:
Buddha into conventional Sri Lankan social structures for noble families.
7693:
7606:
7584:
7420:
5717:
5672:
5617:
5582:
5486:
5145:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4692:
4677:
4657:
4592:
4510:
4500:
4475:
4470:
4370:
4131:
4002:
3990:
3901:
3638:
3560:
3257:
2885:
2870:
2855:
2835:
1454:
1239:
1188:
1140:
is considered mostly historically, apart from some bias by the writers.
1025:
17:
2293:
2262:
2240:
1914:
E. F. C. Ludowyk's discussion of the connection between religion in the
1528:
https://blogs.dickinson.edu/buddhistethics/files/2010/04/Obeyesekere.pdf
1356:
was later recognized by the government of the Sri Lankan Prime Minister
729:. Mahānāma is described as residing in a monastery belonging to general
7342:
5622:
5565:
5550:
4697:
4687:
4662:
4537:
4532:
4490:
4460:
4392:
4358:
4309:
4245:
4186:
4181:
4077:
4035:
3938:
3776:
3726:
3513:
3339:
2865:
2199:
1200:
919:
835:
601:
1270:
is believed to have originated from an earlier chronicle known as the
7541:
5702:
5687:
5523:
5385:
5365:
5140:
4802:
4682:
4672:
4607:
4235:
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4136:
4117:
4060:
3943:
3711:
3583:
3327:
3322:
2916:
2840:
2464:
1434:
1218:
marriages. Cross-cousin marriage is associated historically with the
1109:
1037:
1010:
958:
942:
911:
804:
792:
791:
This section of the Mahavamsa deals with the mission sent by Emperor
763:
620:
2231:
2190:
2173:
997:
and other works of ancient engineering would never have been known.
5893:
1096:
The British historian Jane Russell has recounted how a process of "
1024:, the founder of Buddhism. It also briefly recounts the history of
5842:
5677:
5535:
5501:
5481:
5451:
5380:
4797:
4642:
4520:
4515:
4485:
4440:
4287:
4282:
4161:
3866:
3691:
3658:
3648:
2921:
2890:
1450:
1029:
982:
923:
915:
826:
from India with his retinue and continues until the reign of King
725:
is attributed to an otherwise unknown monk called Mahānāma by the
690:. It was written based on prior ancient compilations known as the
2329:
Geiger, Wilhelm; Bode, Mabel Haynes (transl.); Frowde, H. (ed.):
1210:
tradition. Moreover, the genealogy of the Buddha recorded in the
5712:
4505:
4171:
3668:
2459:
2415:
1813:
1647:
1060:
589:
573:
7223:
5897:
3224:
3002:
2468:
1596:(1st ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. pp.
5370:
3906:
1859:
In Defense of Dharma: Just-war Ideology in Buddhist Sri Lanka
619:, sent manuscripts of it and other Sri Lankan chronicles to
588:. It was written in the style of an epic poem written in the
1437:. It is sometimes referred to in academic literature as the
1409:
In Southeast Asia, a Pali work referred to as the "Extended
1171:
being too remote historically and the later sections of the
902:
The combined work sometimes referred to collectively as the
965:
account of the empire of Ashoka. The accounts given in the
1756:
2304:
Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1254:, the missionaries arrived in 255 BCE, but according to
854:
is derived from expansions of the material found in the
1296:
is much simpler and contains less information than the
1499:
The Origins and Evolution of Sri Lankan Historiography
899:
was compiled by several authors of different periods.
2054:
E.J. Thomas. (1913). BUDDHIST SCRIPTURES. Available:
1445:
because it is distinguished by being recorded in the
1334:
In 1935, Buddhist monk Yagirala Pannananda published
1167:
as the most accurate, with the early chapters of the
888:
monks, covers the period from the 4th century to the
762:
This material recounts three legendary visits by the
2379:
Early translation of a Sinhalese version of the text
2218:(2019). "King Naresuan's Victory in Elephant Duel".
7722:
7652:
7560:
7526:
7459:
7429:
7403:
7325:
7318:
7280:
7119:
7009:
6917:
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6535:
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6337:
6287:
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6156:
6035:
5984:
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5813:
5728:
5643:
5341:
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5126:
4823:
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3677:
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3353:
3298:
3177:
3151:
3114:
3048:
3041:
2945:
2899:
2806:
2775:
2705:
2642:
2552:
2511:
2441:
Concise Mahavamsa: History of Buddhism in Sri Lanka
2363:Sumangala, H.; Silva Batuwantudawa, Don Andris de:
2220:
Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia
580:) is the meticulously kept historical chronicle of
74:
66:
58:
50:
39:
34:
2439:on-line version of: Ruwan Rajapakse, P.E. (2003).
1886:"Independence Day: A Day For Action, Not Mourning"
1856:
1589:
1055:Besides being an important historical source, the
1980:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka
1543:(1st ed.). New York: Routledge. p. 12.
1199:- in one version, the Sinhala are descended from
1013:, and even the Tamil kingdoms of southern India.
858:, several passages specifically dealing with the
1920:Scott, David (1994). "Historicizing Tradition".
1791:Encyclopaedia of Pali Literature: The Pali canon
2331:The Mahavamsa or, the great chronicle of Ceylon
2056:http://www.sacred-texts.com/bud/busc/busc03.htm
1413:" includes not only the text of the Sri Lankan
2394:. London : Parbury, Allen, and Co. 1833;
1814:Geiger's discussion of the historicity of the
608:in Anuradhapura in the 5th or 6th-century CE.
7235:
5909:
3236:
3014:
2480:
2226:(3). ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute: 578–606.
2184:(2). Association for Asian Studies: 181–200.
1974:
1972:
1100:bashing" began in the 1930s, from within the
1032:, from the date of the Buddha's death to the
822:This material begins with the immigration of
755:can be broadly divided into four categories:
663:by Mabel Haynes Bode, and revised by Geiger.
548:
8:
4018:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
2066:
2064:
973:has also upheld the historical value of the
2079:
1496:Rathanasara, Kaudagammana (November 2023).
1348:that covers the period from the end of the
1277:
1214:describes him as being the product of four
596:covering the period between the arrival of
7322:
7242:
7228:
7220:
6914:
6212:
5981:
5916:
5902:
5894:
3243:
3229:
3221:
3045:
3021:
3007:
2999:
2487:
2473:
2465:
2157:. India: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.
2003:
2001:
1433:commentaries, and quotations from various
1222:people of southern India- both Sri Lankan
866:was more specifically associated with the
555:
541:
93:
6369:Deputy speaker and chairman of committees
2292:
2239:
2189:
1727:
1580:
807:. It also includes accounts of the early
795:to Sri Lanka, the transplantation of the
2443:. Maplewood, NJ : Ruwan Rajapakse.
1705:Manjula, H.A.K.L., ed. (22 March 2022).
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1258:, it was five years earlier in 260 BCE.
5205:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
2343:Calcutta: M. P. Birla Foundation 1990 (
2042:
2029:
2027:
2025:
1488:
1059:is the most important epic poem in the
659:in 1912. This was then translated into
431:
171:
123:
107:
96:
5408:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1884:Senewiratne, Brian (4 February 2012).
1505:
1321:to cover the period from the reign of
31:
1311:A subsequent work sometimes known as
1187:around 543 BCE. The Chinese pilgrims
934:. It is very important in dating the
7:
6466:Directorate of Military Intelligence
2281:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
1957:from the original on 2 February 2016
1001:Historical and literary significance
985:in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, such as
710:and was probably compiled using the
7882:Texts about the history of Buddhism
7826:
1793:. Vol. 1. Anmol. p. 117.
1124:dismissed the possibility that the
1040:was reviewed. Every chapter of the
834:and Tamil invader, and later king,
5195:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2428:: The Great Chronicle of Sri Lanka
850:While much of the contents of the
25:
6471:Criminal Investigation Department
2333:, London: Pali Text Society 1912.
2172:Murphey, Rhodes (February 1957).
1175:marked by excessive elaboration.
961:and other locations, confirm the
862:are omitted, suggesting that the
782:Chronicles of Kings of Sri Lanka:
760:The Buddha's Visits to Sri Lanka:
639:, a historian and officer of the
623:for translation and publication.
27:Historical chronicle of Sri Lanka
7857:History of Buddhism in Sri Lanka
7825:
7815:
7806:
7805:
7385:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
7203:
7194:
7193:
5876:
5866:
5865:
5423:Thai temple art and architecture
5168:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
3408:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3274:
3261:
3251:
3030:
2798:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
2098:Encyclopaedia of Pali Literature
1947:"Mahavamsa, the great chronicle"
1918:and state-power is discussed in
1855:Bartholomeusz, Tessa J. (2002).
1789:Tripāṭhī, Śrīdhara, ed. (2008).
884:"Lesser Chronicle", compiled by
504:
115:
7442:Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya
6093:Crisis of the Sixteenth Century
3275:
2416:Geiger/Bode Translation of the
2111:Dictionary of Pali Proper Names
2106:Malalasekera, Gunapala Piyasena
1628:. National Library of Australia
842:compared with 13 verses in the
811:and the first recording of the
789:History of the Buddhist Sangha:
572:(Sinhala: මහාවංශ (Mahāvansha),
317:Crisis of the Sixteenth Century
7447:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
6063:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
5413:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5215:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4295:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
3486:Places where the Buddha stayed
2135:. Asian Educational Services.
2114:. Asian Educational Services.
1827:(Ceylon University Press) 1961
1048:, it has been said to support
743:or to the Sinhala Atthakatha.
1:
6374:Deputy Chairman of Committees
5428:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
2155:A Handbook of Pali Literature
1766:A Handbook of Pali Literature
1512:: CS1 maint: date and year (
981:, the story behind the large
893:takeover of Sri Lanka in 1815
7375:Gajabahu's invasion of Chola
5185:Buddhism and the Roman world
5161:Decline of Buddhism in India
5156:History of Buddhism in India
3256: Topics in
2178:The Journal of Asian Studies
2174:"The Ruin of Ancient Ceylon"
1707:"Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya"
1120:Early Western scholars like
914:, indigenous inhabitants of
643:who translated 38 chapters.
602:Buddhist monk named Mahanama
4383:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4123:
2129:Oldenberg, Hermann (1879).
2096:Tripathi, Sridhara (2008).
1863:. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
1825:A concise history of Ceylon
1417:, but also elements of the
7903:
7622:Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
6461:State Intelligence Service
5333:The unanswerable questions
2370:Turnour, George (C.C.S.):
2357:, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2001
1849:In general, regarding the
1654:. Ceylon Government. 1912.
1539:Harris, Elizabeth (2006).
1046:Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
945:, which is related to the
799:, and the founding of the
680:Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
678:The Buddhist monks of the
645:Mudaliyar L. C. Wijesinghe
7867:5th-century history books
7862:Sri Lankan Buddhist texts
7801:
7270:
7189:
6620:Grama Niladhari divisions
6274:National Security Council
5861:
5418:Buddhist temples in Korea
3981:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3884:Three planes of existence
3491:Buddha in world religions
3270:
2876:Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
2752:Sinhalese female monarchs
2502:
2324:Editions and translations
2316:10.1163/15685209-12341374
2058:. Last accessed 26 03 10.
1838:Evolution of an Ethnicity
286:Invasion of Kalinga Magha
85:
7570:Administrative divisions
6600:Administrative divisions
6478:Sri Lanka Police Service
6384:Leader of the Opposition
6027:Sri Lanka (1948–present)
5200:Persecution of Buddhists
4421:Four stages of awakening
3802:Three marks of existence
3388:Physical characteristics
3159:Hattanagala Vihara Vamsa
1323:Mahasena of Anuradhapura
1136:beginning from the King
957:. Indian excavations in
878:A companion volume, the
820:Chronicles of Sri Lanka:
670:International Register.
594:Mahasena of Anuradhapura
586:Mahasena of Anuradhapura
344:Second Kandyan–Dutch war
313:Wars of Kotte Succession
7365:Fourth Buddhist council
7310:Pre Anuradhapura period
6679:Knuckles Mountain Range
6674:Hanthana Mountain Range
6615:Divisional Secretariats
6570:Sri Lanka Freedom Party
5997:Pre Anuradhapura period
4563:Ten principal disciples
3446:(aunt, adoptive mother)
2687:Senasammata Vikramabahu
778:or other early sources.
615:, Chief Justice of the
340:First Kandyan–Dutch war
251:Dutthagamani's campaign
7157:International rankings
6798:Science and technology
6783:Information technology
6496:Provincial governments
6269:Administrative Service
6230:Constitutional Council
5273:Buddhism and democracy
4786:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4781:Chinese Buddhist canon
4013:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4008:Early Buddhist schools
3139:Uttaravihara Mahavamsa
1993:Ceylon Studies Seminar
1978:Dr. Hema Goonatilake,
1248:Early History of India
1238:, a German scholar of
1084:Political significance
613:Sir Alexander Johnston
7877:Sri Lankan chronicles
7353:Battle of Vijithapura
7329:(377 BC–463 AD)
6575:United National Party
6394:Chief Opposition Whip
6389:Chief Government Whip
6138:Independence movement
6022:British Ceylon period
5283:Eight Consciousnesses
3393:Life of Buddha in art
3164:Saddharm Ratna Karaya
3152:Biographic chronicles
3036:Sri Lankan chronicles
2251:International Journal
224:Indo-Aryan settlement
43:Post-canonical text;
7273:Anuradhapura kingdom
7001:World Heritage Sites
5760:East Asian religions
5190:Buddhism in the West
4761:Early Buddhist texts
4376:Four Right Exertions
3842:Ten spiritual realms
3335:Noble Eightfold Path
3178:Religious chronicles
3124:Dipavamsa Atthakatha
3117:alternative versions
3091:Mahabodhivamsa katha
2455:History of Sri Lanka
2345:Classics of the East
1467:History of Sri Lanka
1439:Kampuchean Mahavamsa
1363:A commentary on the
1344:continuation of the
1068:was taken along the
1034:3rd Buddhist council
874:Further compilations
751:The contents of the
688:Anuradhapura Kingdom
641:Ceylon Civil Service
584:until the period of
511:Sri Lanka portal
493:World Heritage Sites
348:Kandyan–British wars
282:Sinhalese Resistance
255:Fall of Anuradhapura
109:History of Sri Lanka
7872:Pali Buddhist texts
7852:Anuradhapura period
7724:Society and culture
7667:Tank cascade system
7637:Mahamevnāwa Gardens
7632:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
7360:The Five Dravidians
7348:Dutugamunu Campaign
7338:Arrival of Buddhism
7257:Anuradhapura period
6550:Electoral districts
6399:Secretaries-General
6379:Leader of the House
6319:Magistrate's Courts
6012:Transitional period
6002:Anuradhapura period
5883:Religion portal
5630:Temple of the Tooth
5509:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
4548:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4041:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
3824:Two truths doctrine
3644:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3444:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3129:Atthkatha Mahavamsa
3076:Dhatahdthu charitta
3049:Standard chronicles
3042:National chronicles
2600:Transitional period
2566:Anuradhapura period
2337:Guruge, Ananda W.P.
1853:point-of-view, see
1116:Historical accuracy
955:Alexander the Great
932:Indian subcontinent
838:(861 verses in the
668:Memory of the World
247:Arrival of Buddhism
7709:Port of Mahatittha
7662:Irrigation network
7395:The Six Dravidians
7127:Capital punishment
6506:Municipal councils
6143:Dominion of Ceylon
6007:Polonnaruwa period
5805:Western philosophy
5403:Dzong architecture
5225:Vipassana movement
5220:Buddhist modernism
4648:Emperor Wen of Sui
4416:Pratyekabuddhayāna
4349:Threefold Training
4151:Vipassana movement
3867:Hungry Ghost realm
3687:Avidyā (Ignorance)
3634:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
3383:Great Renunciation
3378:Eight Great Events
3260:
3115:Commentaries &
3096:Sasana Vamsa Deepa
2692:Vimaladharmasuriya
2583:Polonnaruwa period
2496:Sinhalese monarchy
2151:von Hinüber, Oskar
1762:Von Hinüber, Oskar
1337:Mahavamsa Part III
1022:Siddhartha Gautama
721:Authorship of the
578:මහාවංස (Mahāvaṃsa)
423:1948–present
7839:
7838:
7704:Port of Jambukola
7642:Mapagala fortress
7617:Abhayagiri vihāra
7537:Foreign relations
7506:Tamil mercenaries
7455:
7454:
7217:
7216:
7185:
7184:
7142:Gender inequality
7089:Traditional games
6940:Sexual Minorities
6669:Central Highlands
6560:Foreign relations
6531:
6530:
6501:Local governments
6423:National security
6202:
6201:
6194:Sexual Minorities
6108:Portuguese Ceylon
5891:
5890:
5529:Om mani padme hum
5235:Women in Buddhism
5151:Buddhist councils
5021:Western countries
4809:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
4570:Shaolin Monastery
4147:Samatha-vipassanā
3757:Pratītyasamutpāda
3561:Metteyya/Maitreya
3479:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3308:Four Noble Truths
3218:
3217:
3147:
3146:
3106:Nalatadathu vamsa
3101:Vamsattha Paksini
2996:
2995:
2900:Related dynasties
2355:Concise Mahavamsa
2353:Ruwan Rajapakse,
2142:978-81-206-0217-5
2121:978-81-206-1823-7
1931:978-0-8166-2255-9
1890:Colombo Telegraph
1870:978-0-7007-1681-4
1477:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
1399:Abhayagiri vihara
1358:J. R. Jayawardene
1287:Island Chronicles
1276:(4th century CE;
1236:Hermann Oldenberg
1102:Tamil Nationalist
995:Abhayagiri vihāra
977:. If not for the
860:Abhayagiri vihara
809:Buddhist councils
698:Sinhalaatthakatha
655:was completed by
606:Mahavihara temple
565:
564:
488:Tamil immigration
427:
426:
263:377 BC–1017
92:
91:
16:(Redirected from
7894:
7829:
7828:
7819:
7809:
7808:
7791:Tantric Buddhism
7434:
7433:(691–1017)
7408:
7330:
7323:
7275:377 BC – 1017 AD
7244:
7237:
7230:
7221:
7207:
7197:
7196:
7069:National symbols
6915:
6516:Pradeshiya Sabha
6253:Executive Office
6213:
6133:Matale rebellion
5982:
5918:
5911:
5904:
5895:
5881:
5880:
5869:
5868:
5708:Sacred languages
5556:Maya Devi Temple
5519:Mahabodhi Temple
5323:Secular Buddhism
5288:Engaged Buddhism
4128:
3976:Tibetan Buddhism
3927:Vietnamese Thiền
3526:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
3477:
3469:
3461:
3453:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3278:
3277:
3265:
3255:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3222:
3081:Attanagalu Vamsa
3046:
3035:
3034:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3000:
2988:Vijayabā Kollaya
2808:Royal Residences
2788:Amātya Mandalaya
2757:Sinhalese Queens
2588:Chola occupation
2562:Pre Anuradhapura
2489:
2482:
2475:
2466:
2319:
2298:
2296:
2275:
2272:Classics Ireland
2266:
2245:
2243:
2216:Kosuta, Matthews
2211:
2193:
2168:
2146:
2125:
2101:
2083:
2080:von Hinüber 1997
2077:
2071:
2068:
2059:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2005:
1996:
1995:, Series 2, 1974
1989:
1983:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1953:. 29 June 2008.
1943:
1937:
1935:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1892:. Archived from
1881:
1875:
1874:
1862:
1847:
1841:
1834:
1828:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1758:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1595:
1582:
1555:
1554:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1503:
1493:
1342:Sinhala language
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1138:Devanampiyatissa
557:
550:
543:
509:
508:
507:
380:Buddhist revival
376:Matale rebellion
309:Vijayabā Kollaya
232:543–377 BC
217:Pre Anuradhapura
178:
177:
119:
94:
32:
21:
7902:
7901:
7897:
7896:
7895:
7893:
7892:
7891:
7887:Buddhist poetry
7842:
7841:
7840:
7835:
7797:
7771:Popular culture
7718:
7699:Port of Gokanna
7648:
7556:
7522:
7451:
7435:
7432:
7425:
7409:
7407:(463–691)
7406:
7399:
7380:Beminitiya Seya
7331:
7328:
7314:
7276:
7266:
7265:
7248:
7218:
7213:
7181:
7115:
7005:
6986:Public holidays
6904:
6737:
6691:Protected areas
6586:
6527:
6482:
6417:
6406:15th Parliament
6333:
6329:Labour Tribunal
6314:District courts
6304:Court of appeal
6283:
6279:Law enforcement
6234:
6198:
6152:
6031:
5971:
5928:
5922:
5892:
5887:
5875:
5857:
5809:
5724:
5639:
5376:Ordination hall
5337:
5239:
5210:Buddhist crisis
5122:
4819:
4771:Mahayana sutras
4747:
4743:Thích Nhất Hạnh
4574:
4447:
4387:
4337:Bodhisattva vow
4022:
3888:
3828:
3787:Taṇhā (Craving)
3722:Five hindrances
3673:
3565:
3495:
3349:
3294:
3266:
3249:
3219:
3214:
3173:
3143:
3134:Mahavamsa Thika
3116:
3110:
3037:
3029:
3027:
2997:
2992:
2973:Royal Standards
2941:
2895:
2802:
2771:
2701:
2638:
2548:
2507:
2505:Sinhala kingdom
2498:
2493:
2412:
2326:
2301:
2278:
2269:
2248:
2232:10.1355/sj34-3d
2214:
2191:10.2307/2941377
2171:
2165:
2149:
2143:
2128:
2122:
2104:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2062:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1990:
1986:
1977:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1951:Sunday Observer
1945:
1944:
1940:
1932:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1897:
1896:on 12 July 2016
1883:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1854:
1848:
1844:
1835:
1831:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1760:
1759:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1709:. Lankapradeepa
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1668:. UNESCO. 2023.
1664:
1663:
1659:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1584:
1583:
1558:
1551:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1504:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1463:
1443:Khmer Mahavamsa
1407:
1367:, known as the
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1264:
1118:
1086:
1003:
951:Seleucid Empire
876:
749:
686:was ruling the
676:
651:translation of
561:
532:
505:
503:
497:
420:
419:
413:
396:1815–1948
393:
392:
386:
382:
378:
374:
372:Great rebellion
357:1597–1815
354:
353:
350:
346:
342:
325:1232–1597
322:
321:
315:
311:
294:1017–1232
291:
290:
284:
280:
260:
259:
253:
249:
229:
228:
208:
204:
203:
197:
193:
167:
103:
87:Pāli literature
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7900:
7898:
7890:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7844:
7843:
7837:
7836:
7834:
7833:
7823:
7813:
7802:
7799:
7798:
7796:
7795:
7794:
7793:
7788:
7783:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7762:
7761:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7728:
7726:
7720:
7719:
7717:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7670:
7669:
7658:
7656:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7646:
7645:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7611:
7610:
7609:
7604:
7594:
7593:
7592:
7587:
7582:
7577:
7566:
7564:
7558:
7557:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7533:
7531:
7524:
7523:
7521:
7520:
7515:
7510:
7509:
7508:
7498:
7497:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7471:
7465:
7463:
7457:
7456:
7453:
7452:
7450:
7449:
7444:
7438:
7436:
7431:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7418:
7412:
7410:
7405:
7404:Middle period
7401:
7400:
7398:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7356:
7355:
7345:
7340:
7334:
7332:
7327:
7320:
7316:
7315:
7313:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7286:
7284:
7278:
7277:
7271:
7268:
7267:
7264:
7263:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7246:
7239:
7232:
7224:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7211:
7201:
7190:
7187:
7186:
7183:
7182:
7180:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7116:
7114:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7102:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7021:
7015:
7013:
7007:
7006:
7004:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6964:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6943:
6942:
6937:
6927:
6921:
6919:
6912:
6906:
6905:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6831:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6803:Stock Exchange
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6768:Communications
6765:
6764:
6763:
6753:
6747:
6745:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6724:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6693:
6688:
6686:National parks
6683:
6682:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6664:Pidurutalagala
6656:
6651:
6649:Extreme points
6646:
6641:
6635:
6634:
6633:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6596:
6594:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6578:
6577:
6572:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6541:
6539:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6528:
6526:
6525:
6520:
6519:
6518:
6513:
6511:Urban councils
6508:
6498:
6492:
6490:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6480:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6455:
6454:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6427:
6425:
6419:
6418:
6416:
6415:
6414:
6413:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6360:
6359:
6352:Prime Minister
6341:
6339:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6331:
6326:
6324:Primary Courts
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6293:
6291:
6285:
6284:
6282:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6227:
6221:
6219:
6210:
6204:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6160:
6158:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6118:British Ceylon
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6039:
6037:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6017:Kandyan period
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5988:
5986:
5979:
5973:
5972:
5970:
5969:
5968:
5967:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5936:
5934:
5930:
5929:
5923:
5921:
5920:
5913:
5906:
5898:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5885:
5873:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5819:
5817:
5811:
5810:
5808:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5756:
5755:
5750:
5740:
5734:
5732:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5722:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5649:
5647:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5443:
5442:
5440:Greco-Buddhist
5432:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5391:Burmese pagoda
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5347:
5345:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5249:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5173:Greco-Buddhism
5170:
5165:
5164:
5163:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5132:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5106:United Kingdom
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5051:Czech Republic
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5018:
5017:
5016:
5011:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4989:
4988:
4987:
4982:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4941:
4940:
4930:
4925:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4829:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4815:Abhidharmadīpa
4812:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4757:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4733:B. R. Ambedkar
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4653:Songtsen Gampo
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4584:
4582:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4397:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4379:
4378:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4332:Eight precepts
4329:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4211:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4120:
4110:
4105:
4103:Five Strengths
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4043:
4038:
4032:
4030:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3898:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3742:Mental factors
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3683:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3594:Mahamoggallāna
3591:
3586:
3581:
3575:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3509:Avalokiteśvara
3505:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3225:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3190:Mahabodhivamsa
3187:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3003:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2812:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2627:Kandyan period
2624:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2558:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
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2532:
2525:
2517:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2494:
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2491:
2484:
2477:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2430:
2421:
2411:
2410:External links
2408:
2407:
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2380:
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2310:(3): 237–266.
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2257:(3): 430–456.
2246:
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2141:
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2120:
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2100:. Vol. 1.
2091:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2072:
2060:
2047:
2035:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1984:
1968:
1938:
1930:
1907:
1876:
1869:
1842:
1836:K. Indrapala,
1829:
1823:and Nicholas,
1806:
1799:
1781:
1774:
1732:
1728:Oldenberg 1879
1720:
1697:
1686:. 27 June 2023
1671:
1657:
1639:
1613:
1606:
1586:Kemper, Steven
1556:
1549:
1531:
1519:
1502:. p. 147.
1487:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1462:
1459:
1406:
1403:
1395:Mahavamsa-tika
1369:Mahavamsa-tika
1263:
1260:
1185:Gautama Buddha
1144:Wilhelm Geiger
1117:
1114:
1104:movement. The
1085:
1082:
1002:
999:
991:Jetavanaramaya
940:Maurya Emperor
912:Yakkha peoples
875:
872:
848:
847:
817:
786:
779:
770:(Yakshas) and
748:
745:
727:Mahavamsa-tika
684:King Dhatusena
675:
672:
657:Wilhelm Geiger
637:George Turnour
625:Eugène Burnouf
617:British Ceylon
563:
562:
560:
559:
552:
545:
537:
534:
533:
531:
530:
525:
520:
514:
499:
498:
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490:
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480:
475:
470:
465:
464:
463:
458:
453:
443:
437:
434:
433:
429:
428:
425:
424:
421:
418:
417:
407:
401:
398:
397:
394:
391:
390:
368:
365:British Ceylon
362:
359:
358:
355:
352:
351:
336:
330:
327:
326:
323:
320:
319:
305:
299:
296:
295:
292:
289:
288:
278:Chola conquest
274:
268:
265:
264:
261:
258:
257:
243:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
226:
220:
214:
211:
210:
205:
202:
201:
187:
181:
174:
173:
169:
168:
166:
165:
158:
151:
144:
137:
129:
126:
125:
121:
120:
112:
111:
105:
104:
97:
90:
89:
83:
82:
79:
72:
71:
70:Mahavamsa-tika
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
54:5th Century CE
52:
48:
47:
41:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7899:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7849:
7847:
7832:
7824:
7822:
7818:
7814:
7812:
7804:
7803:
7800:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7778:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7760:
7756:
7753:
7752:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7742:Constructions
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7725:
7721:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7668:
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7529:
7525:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7507:
7504:
7503:
7502:
7499:
7495:
7494:Lambakanna II
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7476:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7466:
7464:
7462:
7458:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
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7428:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7413:
7411:
7402:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7335:
7333:
7326:Early period
7324:
7321:
7317:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7283:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7262:
7258:
7255:
7252:
7251:
7245:
7240:
7238:
7233:
7231:
7226:
7225:
7222:
7210:
7206:
7202:
7200:
7192:
7191:
7188:
7178:
7175:
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7148:
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7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7124:
7122:
7118:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7100:
7097:
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7090:
7087:
7086:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
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7062:
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7057:
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7037:
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7017:
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7008:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
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6977:
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6968:
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6960:
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6907:
6899:
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6881:
6879:
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6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
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6839:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6832:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6744:
6740:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
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6662:
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6657:
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6631:
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6608:
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6601:
6598:
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6576:
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6568:
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6524:
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6514:
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6509:
6507:
6504:
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6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
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6491:
6489:
6485:
6479:
6476:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6458:
6457:Intelligence
6456:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6432:
6429:
6428:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6412:
6409:
6408:
6407:
6404:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6350:
6349:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6336:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6299:
6298:Supreme Court
6295:
6294:
6292:
6290:
6286:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6261:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6249:
6248:
6244:
6243:
6241:
6237:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6220:
6218:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6205:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6155:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6128:Uva Rebellion
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6034:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5974:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5931:
5926:
5919:
5914:
5912:
5907:
5905:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5872:
5864:
5863:
5860:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5745:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5731:
5727:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5645:Miscellaneous
5642:
5636:
5635:Vegetarianism
5633:
5631:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5457:Buddha in art
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5242:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5111:United States
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5022:
5019:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5005:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4990:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4668:Padmasambhava
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4581:
4580:Major figures
4577:
4571:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4527:
4526:Western tulku
4524:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4327:Five precepts
4325:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4305:Dhamma vicaya
4303:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4253:
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4239:
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4234:
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4229:
4225:
4222:
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4212:
4210:
4207:
4203:
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4198:
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4180:
4178:
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4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4073:Buddhābhiṣeka
4071:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3987:
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3973:
3972:
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3808:
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3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3717:Enlightenment
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3707:Dhamma theory
3705:
3703:
3702:Buddha-nature
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3670:
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3572:
3568:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
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3544:
3542:
3541:Samantabhadra
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3512:
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3404:
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3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3291:
3288:
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3283:
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3273:
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3264:
3259:
3254:
3246:
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3234:
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3227:
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3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
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3180:
3176:
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3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
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3121:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
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3051:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3033:
3024:
3019:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
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2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2938:
2937:Madurai Nayak
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
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2864:
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2859:
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2718:
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2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:Siri Sanga Bo
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:Lambakanna II
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2630:
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2625:
2621:
2618:
2616:
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2611:
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2598:
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2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2584:
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2577:
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2569:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2449:0-9728657-0-5
2446:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2387:Upham, Edward
2385:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2367:Colombo 1883.
2366:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2317:
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2309:
2305:
2300:
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2268:
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2256:
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2247:
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2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2164:81-215-0778-2
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2081:
2076:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1861:
1860:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1800:9788126135608
1796:
1792:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1775:81-215-0778-2
1771:
1767:
1763:
1757:
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1565:
1563:
1561:
1557:
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1546:
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1535:
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1523:
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1509:
1501:
1500:
1492:
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1482:
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1465:
1464:
1460:
1458:
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1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
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1432:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1385:. Unlike the
1384:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1262:Related works
1261:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1052:nationalism.
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1000:
998:
996:
992:
988:
987:Ruwanwelisaya
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:synchronicity
944:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
900:
898:
894:
891:
887:
883:
882:
873:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
824:Prince Vijaya
821:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
787:
783:
780:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
758:
757:
756:
754:
746:
744:
742:
741:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
704:
699:
695:
694:
689:
685:
681:
673:
671:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
603:
599:
598:Prince Vijaya
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:
558:
553:
551:
546:
544:
539:
538:
536:
535:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
513:
512:
501:
500:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
447:
444:
442:
439:
438:
436:
435:
430:
422:
416:
412:
409:
408:
406:
405:
400:
399:
395:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
370:
369:
367:
366:
361:
360:
356:
349:
345:
341:
338:
337:
335:
334:
329:
328:
324:
318:
314:
310:
307:
306:
304:
303:
298:
297:
293:
287:
283:
279:
276:
275:
273:
272:
267:
266:
262:
256:
252:
248:
245:
244:
242:
241:
236:
235:
231:
225:
222:
221:
219:
218:
213:
212:
209:–543 BC
206:
200:
196:
192:
189:
188:
186:
185:
180:
179:
176:
175:
170:
164:
163:
159:
157:
156:
152:
150:
149:
145:
143:
142:
138:
136:
135:
131:
130:
128:
127:
122:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
101:
95:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
38:
33:
30:
19:
7759:in Sinhalese
7737:Caste system
7732:Architecture
7518:Capital city
7484:Lambakanna I
7430:Late period
7295:Bibliography
7162:LGBT history
7147:Human rights
7019:Architecture
6996:Social class
6930:Demographics
6823:Unemployment
6761:Central Bank
6545:Capital city
6431:Armed Forces
6344:
6296:
6262: /
6245:
6225:Constitution
6123:Kandyan Wars
6113:Dutch Ceylon
6058:Anuradhapura
6042:
5950:Bibliography
5823:Bodhisattvas
5743:Christianity
5738:Baháʼí Faith
5603:Dharmachakra
5593:Prayer wheel
5583:Prayer beads
5351:Architecture
5230:969 Movement
5014:Saudi Arabia
4992:Central Asia
4985:South Africa
4807:
4790:
4723:Panchen Lama
4628:Buddhapālita
4224:Satipatthana
4219:Mindful Yoga
4132:Recollection
4046:Brahmavihara
3917:Japanese Zen
3912:Chinese Chan
3872:Animal realm
3679:Key concepts
3501:Bodhisattvas
3313:Three Jewels
2968:Crown Jewels
2831:Anuradhapura
2821:Upatissagāma
2776:Institutions
2725:Interregnums
2657:Lambakanna I
2576:Anuradhapura
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2440:
2434:
2425:
2417:
2390:
2371:
2364:
2354:
2344:
2340:
2307:
2303:
2287:(1): 51–73.
2284:
2280:
2271:
2254:
2250:
2223:
2219:
2181:
2177:
2154:
2131:
2110:
2097:
2090:Bibliography
2075:
2050:
2043:Murphey 1957
2038:
2016:
2012:
1992:
1987:
1979:
1959:. Retrieved
1950:
1941:
1921:
1915:
1910:
1898:. Retrieved
1894:the original
1889:
1879:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1832:
1824:
1821:Paranavitana
1815:
1809:
1790:
1784:
1765:
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1674:
1660:
1651:
1648:
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1625:
1616:
1591:
1540:
1534:
1522:
1498:
1491:
1472:Anuradhapura
1447:Khmer script
1442:
1438:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1326:
1318:
1317:extends the
1312:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1271:
1267:
1265:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1216:cross cousin
1211:
1207:
1205:
1196:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1105:
1097:
1095:
1089:
1087:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1056:
1054:
1041:
1017:
1015:
1006:
1004:
978:
974:
971:K. Indrapala
966:
962:
936:consecration
927:
903:
901:
896:
879:
877:
863:
855:
851:
849:
843:
839:
832:Dutthagamani
819:
788:
781:
759:
752:
750:
738:
734:
726:
722:
720:
715:
711:
707:
701:
697:
691:
677:
665:
652:
629:Edward Upham
610:
577:
568:
567:
566:
518:Bibliography
502:
446:Armed Forces
402:
388:Independence
384:World War II
363:
331:
302:Transitional
300:
269:
240:Anuradhapura
238:
215:
182:
160:
153:
146:
139:
132:
78:Abbreviation
29:
7831:WikiProject
7751:Literature
7747:Immigration
7627:Atamasthana
7602:Polonnaruwa
7575:Malaya Rata
7552:Sanghamitta
7167:LGBT rights
7152:Immigration
6834:Industries
6788:Public debt
6751:Agriculture
6644:Environment
6451:Coast Guard
6338:Legislature
6309:High Courts
6174:Demographic
6078:Dambadeniya
6068:Polonnaruwa
5940:Sri Lankans
5668:Dharma talk
5497:Asalha Puja
5293:Eschatology
5096:Switzerland
5076:New Zealand
5004:Middle East
4913:Philippines
4833:Afghanistan
4638:Bodhidharma
4623:Buddhaghosa
4543:Householder
4453:Monasticism
4406:Bodhisattva
4261:Prostration
4214:Mindfulness
4142:Anapanasati
4125:Kammaṭṭhāna
3922:Korean Seon
3862:Asura realm
3857:Human realm
3797:Ten Fetters
3752:Parinirvana
3654:Uppalavanna
3619:Mahākaccana
3604:Mahākassapa
3536:Kṣitigarbha
3531:Ākāśagarbha
3428:Suddhodāna
3373:Four sights
3300:Foundations
3205:Sasanavamsa
3195:Daladavamsa
3185:Buddhavamsa
2851:Dambadeniya
2846:Polonnaruwa
2826:Vijithapura
2783:Royal court
2767:Regnal name
2720:Family tree
2605:Dambadeniya
2593:Polonnaruwa
2374:Cotto 1837.
2017:Hindu Organ
1851:Mahavamsa's
1426:Buddhavamsa
1401:tradition.
1193:Hsuan Tsang
1122:Otto Franke
696:(sometimes
674:Compilation
633:Adam's Peak
441:Agriculture
271:Polonnaruwa
59:Attribution
51:Composition
7846:Categories
7786:Brahmanism
7714:Rajakariya
7530:and people
7461:Government
7282:Background
7137:Disability
7106:Television
7074:Philosophy
7059:Literature
6979:Mass media
6728:Waterfalls
6639:Ecoregions
6488:Devolution
6346:Parliament
6264:Ministries
6208:Government
6164:Chronicles
6053:Tambapanni
5992:Prehistory
5785:Psychology
5765:Gnosticism
5753:Comparison
5748:Influences
5730:Comparison
5613:Bhavacakra
5571:Kushinagar
5546:Pilgrimage
5492:Māgha Pūjā
5447:Bodhi Tree
5263:Buddhology
5253:Abhidharma
5245:Philosophy
5178:Menander I
5046:Costa Rica
4997:Uzbekistan
4838:Bangladesh
4792:Dhammapada
4776:Pali Canon
4738:Ajahn Chah
4718:Dalai Lama
4618:Kumārajīva
4613:Vasubandhu
4588:The Buddha
4496:Zen master
4431:Sakadagami
4411:Buddhahood
4342:Pratimokṣa
4157:Shikantaza
4113:Meditation
4088:Deity yoga
3959:Madhyamaka
3852:Deva realm
3747:Mindstream
3697:Bodhicitta
3609:Aṅgulimāla
3476:Devadatta
3452:Yaśodharā
3355:The Buddha
3345:Middle Way
3200:Dāṭhavaṃsa
3086:Pujavaliya
3071:Rajavaliya
2978:Pretenders
2861:Kurunegala
2816:Tambapaṇṇī
2793:Rājākariya
2672:Vijayabahu
2571:Tambapanni
2543:Rajavaliya
2392:Singhalese
2341:Mahavamsa.
1961:5 November
1684:Ada Derana
1632:24 January
1626:nla.gov.au
1607:0801423953
1550:0415544424
1483:References
1420:Thupavamsa
1391:Mahavihara
1036:where the
868:Mahavihara
813:Pali canon
801:Mahavihara
797:bodhi tree
776:Pali Canon
731:Dighasanda
718:as well.
712:Atthakatha
693:Atthakatha
207:300,000 BP
195:Bronze Age
184:Prehistory
162:Pujavaliya
155:Rajavaliya
124:Chronicles
67:Commentary
7580:Maya Rata
7562:Geography
7416:Mahavamsa
7390:Dipavamsa
7370:Tripiṭaka
7177:Terrorism
7099:Cheena di
7094:Angampora
6957:Languages
6947:Education
6818:Transport
6773:Companies
6659:Mountains
6610:Districts
6605:Provinces
6592:Geography
6555:Elections
6436:Air Force
6289:Judiciary
6247:President
6239:Executive
6184:Education
6148:Civil War
6043:Mahāvaṃsa
5933:Overviews
5925:Sri Lanka
5853:Festivals
5833:Buddhists
5795:Theosophy
5598:Symbolism
5588:Hama yumi
5561:Bodh Gaya
5328:Socialism
5303:Evolution
5278:Economics
5116:Venezuela
5031:Australia
5026:Argentina
4950:Sri Lanka
4945:Singapore
4863:Indonesia
4825:Countries
4766:Tripiṭaka
4728:Ajahn Mun
4603:Nagarjuna
4598:Aśvaghoṣa
4481:Anagārika
4476:Śrāmaṇerī
4471:Śrāmaṇera
4466:Bhikkhunī
4426:Sotāpanna
4315:Passaddhi
4256:Offerings
4231:Nekkhamma
4108:Iddhipada
4028:Practices
3998:Theravada
3971:Vajrayana
3964:Yogachara
3934:Pure Land
3847:Six Paths
3834:Cosmology
3614:Anuruddha
3589:Sāriputta
3579:Kaundinya
3571:Disciples
3546:Vajrapāṇi
3398:Footprint
3363:Tathāgata
3210:Tupavamsa
3169:Vattamala
3066:Culavamsa
3061:Mahavamsa
3056:Dipavamsa
2983:Abhisheka
2958:Sinhabahu
2953:Sinhapura
2644:Dynasties
2536:Culavamsa
2529:Mahavamsa
2522:Dipavamsa
2435:Mahavamsa
2433:"Concise
2426:Mahavamsa
2418:Mahavamsa
2208:162729027
2132:Dipavamsa
1916:Mahavamsa
1816:Mahavamsa
1650:Mahavamsa
1508:cite book
1431:Mahavamsa
1415:Mahavamsa
1411:Mahavamsa
1387:Mahavamsa
1383:Mahavamsa
1379:Mahavamsa
1374:Culavamsa
1365:Mahavamsa
1354:Mahavamsa
1350:Culavamsa
1346:Mahavamsa
1328:Culavamsa
1319:Mahavamsa
1314:Culavamsa
1306:Dipavamsa
1302:Mahavamsa
1298:Mahavamsa
1294:Dipavamsa
1273:Dipavamsa
1268:Mahavamsa
1252:Mahavamsa
1220:Dravidian
1212:Mahavamsa
1208:Mahavamsa
1197:Mahavamsa
1173:Culavamsa
1169:Mahavamsa
1164:Culavamsa
1158:Mahavamsa
1153:Mahavamsa
1149:Mahavamsa
1134:Mahavamsa
1130:Mahavamsa
1126:Mahavamsa
1106:Mahavamsa
1098:Mahavamsa
1090:Mahavamsa
1078:Mahavamsa
1074:Mahavamsa
1070:Silk Road
1066:Mahavamsa
1057:Mahavamsa
1050:Sinhalese
1042:Mahavamsa
1018:Mahamvasa
1007:Mahavamsa
979:Mahavamsa
975:Mahavamsa
967:Mahavamsa
963:Mahavamsa
949:with the
928:Mahavamsa
920:dynasties
904:Mahavamsa
897:Culavamsa
881:Culavamsa
864:Mahavamsa
856:Dipavamsa
852:Mahavamsa
844:Dipavamsa
840:Mahavamsa
816:evidence.
753:Mahavamsa
740:Dipavamsa
735:Mahavamsa
723:Mahavamsa
716:Mahavamsa
708:Mahavamsa
703:Dipavamsa
653:Mahavamsa
582:Sri Lanka
569:Mahāvaṃsa
478:Geography
473:Education
456:Air Force
404:Sri Lanka
191:Stone Age
148:Cūḷavaṃsa
141:Mahavamsa
134:Dipavamsa
45:Chronicle
35:Mahāvaṃsa
18:Mahavansa
7811:Category
7781:Buddhism
7776:Religion
7766:Perahera
7694:Kahavanu
7689:Kahapana
7607:Sigiriya
7585:Rajarata
7528:Politics
7501:Military
7474:Monarchs
7469:Monarchy
7421:Sigiriya
7300:Timeline
7199:Category
7054:Folklore
6991:Religion
6873:Graphite
6848:Cinnamon
6808:Taxation
6733:Wildlife
6706:Malvathu
6701:Mahaweli
6582:Scandals
6537:Politics
6189:Military
6179:Economic
6169:Monarchs
6098:Sitawaka
5955:Timeline
5871:Category
5800:Violence
5770:Hinduism
5718:Sanskrit
5673:Hinayana
5658:Amitābha
5618:Swastika
5487:Uposatha
5477:Holidays
5462:Calendar
5308:Humanism
5146:Kanishka
5136:Timeline
4960:Thailand
4928:Kalmykia
4923:Buryatia
4908:Pakistan
4893:Mongolia
4888:Maldives
4883:Malaysia
4848:Cambodia
4713:Shamarpa
4708:Nichiren
4658:Xuanzang
4593:Nagasena
4511:Rinpoche
4241:Pāramitā
4083:Devotion
4003:Navayana
3991:Dzogchen
3954:Nichiren
3902:Mahayana
3894:Branches
3772:Saṅkhāra
3521:Mañjuśrī
3478:(cousin)
3470:(cousin)
3438:(mother)
3430:(father)
3418:Miracles
3368:Birthday
3285:Glossary
3258:Buddhism
2886:Sitawaka
2881:Rayigama
2871:Dedigama
2856:Yapahuwa
2836:Sigiriya
2762:Usurpers
2715:By reign
2707:Monarchs
2620:Sitawaka
2513:Timeline
2294:43307281
2263:40201791
2241:26798885
2153:(1997).
2108:(2003).
1955:Archived
1764:(1997).
1588:(1992).
1461:See also
1455:Thailand
1405:Extended
1256:Edict 13
1240:Indology
1189:Fa Hsien
1026:Buddhism
828:Mahasena
747:Contents
528:Timeline
523:Glossary
483:Politics
432:By Topic
415:Republic
411:Dominion
199:Iron Age
100:a series
98:Part of
62:Mahānāma
7755:in Pali
7654:Economy
7547:Mahinda
7319:History
7290:Outline
7259:topics
7172:Poverty
7111:Theatre
7044:Fashion
7034:Cuisine
7011:Culture
6962:Sinhala
6910:Society
6898:Tourism
6858:Coconut
6838:Apparel
6828:Welfare
6756:Banking
6743:Economy
6654:Islands
6565:Parties
6411:Members
6364:Speaker
6260:Cabinet
6083:Gampola
5985:Periods
5977:History
5945:Outline
5848:Temples
5828:Buddhas
5790:Science
5780:Judaism
5775:Jainism
5693:Lineage
5653:Abhijñā
5623:Thangka
5566:Sarnath
5551:Lumbini
5472:Funeral
5467:Cuisine
5343:Culture
5318:Reality
5268:Creator
5258:Atomism
5128:History
5101:Ukraine
5061:Germany
4980:Senegal
4970:Vietnam
4898:Myanmar
4698:Shinran
4688:Karmapa
4663:Shandao
4633:Dignāga
4558:Śrāvaka
4538:Donchee
4533:Kappiya
4491:Sayadaw
4461:Bhikkhu
4436:Anāgāmi
4393:Nirvana
4359:Samadhi
4246:Paritta
4187:Tonglen
4182:Mandala
4137:Smarana
4118:Mantras
4066:Upekkha
4036:Bhavana
3986:Shingon
3939:Tiantai
3792:Tathātā
3782:Śūnyatā
3777:Skandha
3767:Saṃsāra
3762:Rebirth
3737:Kleshas
3727:Indriya
3629:Subhūti
3514:Guanyin
3468:Ānanda
3460:Rāhula
3340:Nirvana
3280:Outline
2932:Mauryan
2927:Pandyan
2907:Kalinga
2866:Gampola
2677:Kalinga
2610:Gampola
2554:Periods
2389:(ed.):
2200:2941377
1900:12 July
1435:jatakas
1292:). The
1281:
1228:Sinhala
938:of the
890:British
886:Sinhala
768:Yakkhas
714:on the
661:English
604:at the
468:Economy
172:Periods
7821:Portal
7684:Pearls
7613:Sites
7597:Cities
7590:Ruhuna
7542:Ashoka
7489:Moriya
7479:Vijaya
7209:Portal
7120:Issues
7029:Cinema
6952:Health
6918:Topics
6883:Rubber
6863:Coffee
6778:Energy
6711:Kelani
6696:Rivers
6625:Cities
6357:Office
6157:Topics
6073:Jaffna
6048:Vijaya
6036:Epochs
5927:topics
5843:Sutras
5838:Suttas
5703:Siddhi
5688:Koliya
5663:Brahmā
5578:Poetry
5524:Mantra
5514:Kasaya
5386:Pagoda
5366:Kyaung
5361:Vihāra
5356:Temple
5298:Ethics
5141:Ashoka
5091:Sweden
5086:Poland
5081:Norway
5071:Mexico
5056:France
5041:Canada
5036:Brazil
4975:Africa
4955:Taiwan
4918:Russia
4843:Bhutan
4803:Vinaya
4683:Naropa
4673:Saraha
4608:Asanga
4364:Prajñā
4273:Refuge
4236:Nianfo
4197:Tertön
4192:Tantra
4177:Ganana
4167:Tukdam
4093:Dhyāna
4061:Mudita
4056:Karuṇā
3949:Risshū
3944:Huayan
3877:Naraka
3817:Anattā
3812:Dukkha
3807:Anicca
3712:Dharma
3664:Channa
3599:Ānanda
3584:Assaji
3551:Skanda
3454:(wife)
3423:Family
3403:Relics
3328:Sangha
3323:Dharma
3318:Buddha
2963:Titles
2917:Shakya
2841:Rohana
2697:Nayaks
2662:Moriya
2652:Vijaya
2564:&
2447:
2404:vol. 3
2400:vol. 2
2396:vol. 1
2291:
2261:
2238:
2206:
2198:
2161:
2139:
2118:
1982:. 2003
1928:
1867:
1840:, 2005
1797:
1772:
1713:3 July
1690:3 July
1604:
1547:
1393:, the
1304:. The
1244:Ashoka
1224:Tamils
1180:Vijaya
1110:Jaffna
1038:Dharma
1011:Ashoka
983:stupas
959:Sanchi
943:Ashoka
926:, the
895:. The
805:sangha
793:Ashoka
764:Buddha
649:German
621:Europe
102:on the
7679:Ivory
7343:Elara
7305:Years
7132:Crime
7084:Sport
7079:Radio
7064:Music
7039:Dance
6974:Media
6967:Tamil
6935:Women
6925:Birth
6888:Sugar
6853:Cocoa
6813:Trade
6793:Rupee
6630:Towns
6523:Wards
6103:Kandy
6088:Kotte
5960:Years
5815:Lists
5683:Kalpa
5678:Iddhi
5541:Music
5536:Mudra
5502:Vassa
5482:Vesak
5452:Budai
5398:Candi
5381:Stupa
5313:Logic
5066:Italy
4965:Tibet
4903:Nepal
4873:Korea
4868:Japan
4858:India
4853:China
4798:Sutra
4753:Texts
4703:Dōgen
4693:Hōnen
4678:Atiśa
4643:Zhiyi
4553:Achar
4521:Tulku
4516:Geshe
4501:Rōshi
4486:Ajahn
4441:Arhat
4401:Bodhi
4371:Vīrya
4288:Sacca
4283:Satya
4278:Sādhu
4266:Music
4209:Merit
4202:Terma
4162:Zazen
4098:Faith
4051:Mettā
3732:Karma
3692:Bardo
3659:Asita
3649:Khema
3639:Upāli
3624:Nanda
3462:(son)
3436:Māyā
3413:Films
3290:Index
2946:Other
2922:Vedda
2912:Vanga
2891:Kandy
2632:Kandy
2615:Kotte
2289:JSTOR
2259:JSTOR
2236:JSTOR
2204:S2CID
2196:JSTOR
1451:Burma
1030:India
924:India
916:Lanka
836:Elara
772:Nagas
333:Kandy
7674:Gems
7049:Flag
6878:Rice
6868:Gems
6843:Beer
6716:Kalu
6446:Navy
6441:Army
5965:2024
5713:Pāḷi
5698:Māra
5608:Flag
5009:Iran
4933:Tuva
4878:Laos
4506:Lama
4354:Śīla
4322:Śīla
4310:Pīti
4300:Sati
4251:Puja
4172:Koan
4078:Dāna
3669:Yasa
3556:Tārā
2445:ISBN
2424:The
2159:ISBN
2137:ISBN
2116:ISBN
1963:2014
1926:ISBN
1902:2016
1865:ISBN
1795:ISBN
1770:ISBN
1715:2023
1692:2023
1634:2024
1602:ISBN
1545:ISBN
1514:link
1340:, a
1278:lit.
1266:The
1246:and
1226:and
1201:naga
1191:and
1088:The
1061:Pali
1016:The
953:and
910:and
908:Nāga
590:Pali
574:Pali
461:Navy
451:Army
40:Type
7513:Law
7024:Art
6893:Tea
6721:Gin
6217:Law
5435:Art
5371:Wat
3907:Zen
2745:4th
2740:3rd
2735:2nd
2730:1st
2312:doi
2228:doi
2186:doi
1453:or
1441:or
1028:in
922:of
76:PTS
7848::
7757:,
4937:ru
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2283:.
2255:34
2253:.
2234:.
2224:34
2222:.
2202:.
2194:.
2182:16
2180:.
2176:.
2063:^
2024:^
2000:^
1971:^
1949:.
1888:.
1735:^
1682:.
1624:.
1600:.
1598:33
1559:^
1510:}}
1506:{{
1457:.
1429:,
1423:,
1360:.
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993:,
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