365:
44:
158:
174:
110:
356:(who the legends have as the one establishing Nowruz or New Year's Day), and Fereydun vanquishes Zahhak, so restoring the balance. The association of Mehrgan with the polarity of spring/autumn, sowing/harvest and the birth/rebirth cycle did not escape Biruni either, for as he noted, "they consider Mihragān as a sign of resurrection and the end of the world, because at Mihragān that which grows reaches perfection."
146:
134:
98:
122:
86:
393:. It was customary for people to send or give their king, and each other, gifts. Rich people usually gave gold and silver coins, heroes and warriors gave horses while others gave gifts according to their financial power and ability, even as simple as an apple. Those fortunate enough would help the poor with gifts.
364:
472:
As noted above, Mehrgān is a name-day feast. These name-day feasts are festivals celebrated on the day of the year when the day-name and month-name dedicated to a particular angel or virtue intersect. Indeed, Zoroastrian
Persians before Islam had 30-days months, which means that each day in a month
396:
Gifts to the royal court of over ten thousand gold coins were registered. If the gift-giver needed money at a later time, the court would then return twice the gift amount. Kings gave two audiences a year: one audience at
1061:
43:
777:
322:. Due to these two festivals being heavily connected with the role of Iranian kingship, the Sasanian rulers were usually crowned on either Mehregan or Nowruz.
424:
On
October 2, 2022, which coincided with Mehregan, there were series of ceremonies conducted across Iran. These ceremonies were involved in the provinces of
919:
473:
had a different name, with 12 of the days also being names of the 12 months. The day whose name corresponded to the name of the month was celebrated.
875:
796:
722:
336:
As Biruni also does for the other festival days he mentions, he reiterates a local anecdotal association for his description of
Mehrgan (
596:
1051:
831:
674:
382:. Not only was it the time for harvest, but it was also the time when the taxes were collected. Visitors from different parts of the
333:(233), the astronomer observed that "some people have given the preference to Mihragān by as much as they prefer autumn to spring."
748:
655:
912:
20:
1066:
1056:
740:
686:
843:
737:
The
Iranian Expanse: Transforming Royal Identity Through Architecture, Landscape, and the Built Environment, 550 BCE–642 CE
1046:
401:
and other at Mehregān. During the Mehregān celebrations, the king wore a fur robe and gave away all his summer clothes.
1036:
905:
861:
771:
708:
639:
852:
695:
482:
1041:
389:
During pre-Islamic and early
Islamic Iran, Mehrgān was celebrated with the same magnificence and pageantry as
314:
subjects of the
Persian king gave him 20,000 horses every year during the celebration of Mehregan. Under the
1071:
445:
352:. This fragment of the legend is part of a greater cycle that ties Mehrgan with Nowruz; Dahak vanquished
487:
987:
1002:
972:
699:
340:
in the author's Arabic parlance) with a fragment of a tale from
Iranian folklore: On this day,
1012:
928:
886:
871:
827:
807:
792:
744:
732:
718:
670:
651:
307:
183:
167:
788:
A State of
Mixture: Christians, Zoroastrians, and Iranian Political Culture in Late Antiquity
786:
962:
897:
819:
643:
449:
258:
212:
127:
629:
441:
437:
315:
247:
841:
Sanders, P.; Chalmeta, P.; Lambton, A.K.S.; Groot, A.H. de & Burton-Page, J. (1991).
977:
856:
848:
703:
691:
635:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3(2): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods
457:
383:
349:
274:
243:
69:
1030:
1007:
982:
163:
967:
368:
647:
633:
282:
115:
952:
759:
625:
379:
151:
139:
103:
597:"آغاز برنامههای هفته گردشگری با شعار «رویشاندیشههای نو در گردشگری ایران»"
433:
405:
326:
311:
667:
A History of
Zoroastrianism, Zoroastrianism under Macedonian and Roman Rule
318:(224–651), Mehregan was the second most important festival, falling behind
997:
957:
461:
372:
341:
408:, the feast celebration of Mehrgān lost its popularity. Zoroastrians of
453:
353:
942:
425:
413:
398:
390:
345:
319:
303:
298:
254:
251:
237:
179:
992:
386:
brought gifts for the king all contributing to a lively festival.
363:
429:
409:
91:
901:
331:
Book of Instructions in the Elements of the Art of Astrology
265:), which is responsible for friendship, affection and love.
516:
514:
579:
577:
296:
Mehregan is an Iranian festival honoring the Zoroastrian
889:; Vevaina, Yuhan Sohrab-Dinshaw; Tessmann, Anna (eds.).
810:; Vevaina, Yuhan Sohrab-Dinshaw; Tessmann, Anna (eds.).
48:
Mehregan table at a celebration in the Netherlands, 2011
665:
Boyce, Mary; Grenet, Frantz (1991). Beck, Roger (ed.).
416:
continued to celebrate Mehrgān in an extravagant way.
806:
Rose, Jenny (2015). "Festivals and the Calendar". In
935:
198:
190:
79:
53:
28:
19:"Mehragan" redirects here. For places in Iran, see
842:
685:
378:Mehrgān was celebrated in an extravagant style at
891:The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism
812:The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism
913:
520:
226:
61:
31:
8:
893:. John Wiley And Sons Ltd. pp. 491–499.
814:. John Wiley And Sons Ltd. pp. 379–393.
1062:Observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar
233:
920:
906:
898:
862:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
776:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
709:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
228:
217:
63:
42:
33:
25:
929:Iranian festivals - Modern and Historical
870:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 518–534.
717:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 15–20.
556:
532:
498:
769:
544:
583:
568:
7:
764:Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition
505:
262:
216:
885:Shaked, Shaul (2015). "Islam". In
14:
250:festival celebrated to honor the
628:(1983). "Iranian festivals". In
172:
156:
144:
132:
120:
108:
96:
84:
16:Zoroastrian and Iranian festival
273:"Mehregan" is derived from the
758:Cristoforetti, Simone (2000).
741:University of California Press
1:
648:10.1017/CHOL9780521200929.006
826:. Harvard University Press.
791:. Univ of California Press.
1088:
785:Payne, Richard E. (2015).
640:Cambridge University Press
18:
1052:Persian words and phrases
824:Zoroastrianism in Armenia
483:List of festivals in Iran
227:
73:
62:
41:
32:
406:Mongol invasion of Iran
446:Sistan and Baluchestan
375:
371:celebrate Mehregan in
281:, itself derived from
194:October 1–2, October 8
1067:Autumn events in Iran
1057:Zoroastrian festivals
488:Zoroastrian festivals
367:
684:Calmard, J. (1993).
642:. pp. 792–816.
348:and confined him to
344:vanquished the evil
329:'s eleventh-century
1047:October observances
586:, pp. 801–801.
547:, pp. 494–495.
302:(angelic divinity)
973:Chaharshanbeh Suri
887:Stausberg, Michael
808:Stausberg, Michael
521:Cristoforetti 2000
468:Basis for the date
420:In the present-day
376:
310:(330–550 BC), the
1037:Festivals in Iran
1024:
1023:
877:978-90-04-08112-3
820:Russell, James R.
798:978-0-520-29245-1
772:cite encyclopedia
724:978-90-04-09419-2
669:. Leiden: Brill.
308:Achaemenid Empire
279:Mihrakān/Mihragān
206:
205:
184:Iranian Canadians
168:Iranian Americans
1079:
922:
915:
908:
899:
894:
881:
846:
837:
815:
802:
781:
775:
767:
754:
728:
700:Heinrichs, W. P.
689:
680:
661:
630:Yarshater, Ehsan
613:
612:
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608:
593:
587:
581:
572:
566:
560:
554:
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542:
536:
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518:
509:
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360:In ancient times
264:
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88:
87:
80:Observed by
75:
67:
66:
65:
46:
37:
36:
35:
26:
1087:
1086:
1082:
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1080:
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1076:
1042:Culture of Iran
1027:
1026:
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1020:
931:
926:
884:
878:
849:Bosworth, C. E.
840:
834:
818:
805:
799:
784:
768:
757:
751:
733:Canepa, Matthew
731:
725:
692:Bosworth, C. E.
683:
677:
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658:
624:
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606:
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567:
563:
555:
551:
543:
539:
531:
527:
519:
512:
504:
500:
496:
479:
470:
438:West Azerbaijan
422:
362:
316:Sasanian Empire
294:
271:
173:
171:
170:
157:
155:
154:
145:
143:
142:
133:
131:
130:
121:
119:
118:
109:
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97:
95:
94:
85:
83:
68:
60:
49:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1085:
1083:
1075:
1074:
1072:Autumn equinox
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
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1044:
1039:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1018:
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1005:
1000:
995:
990:
988:Sepandārmazgān
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
958:Haft Sin Table
955:
950:
945:
939:
937:
933:
932:
927:
925:
924:
917:
910:
902:
896:
895:
882:
876:
853:van Donzel, E.
838:
833:978-0674968509
832:
816:
803:
797:
782:
755:
749:
729:
723:
696:van Donzel, E.
681:
676:978-9004293915
675:
662:
656:
620:
617:
615:
614:
588:
573:
571:, p. 120.
561:
559:, p. 346.
549:
537:
525:
510:
508:, p. 388.
497:
495:
492:
491:
490:
485:
478:
475:
469:
466:
458:North Khorasan
421:
418:
384:Persian Empire
361:
358:
350:Mount Damavand
293:
290:
275:Middle Persian
270:
267:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
81:
77:
76:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
21:Mehragan, Iran
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1084:
1073:
1070:
1068:
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1063:
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1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:Farvardinegān
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
968:Sizdah Be-dar
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
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940:
938:
934:
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923:
918:
916:
911:
909:
904:
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900:
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883:
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869:
865:
863:
858:
854:
850:
845:
839:
835:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
804:
800:
794:
790:
789:
783:
779:
773:
765:
761:
756:
752:
750:9780520379206
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
720:
716:
712:
710:
705:
701:
697:
693:
688:
682:
678:
672:
668:
663:
659:
657:0-521-24693-8
653:
649:
645:
641:
638:. Cambridge:
637:
636:
631:
627:
623:
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618:
602:
598:
592:
589:
585:
580:
578:
574:
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562:
558:
553:
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546:
541:
538:
535:, p. 15.
534:
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328:
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317:
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189:
185:
181:
169:
165:
164:United States
153:
141:
129:
117:
105:
93:
82:
78:
71:
59:
56:
52:
45:
40:
27:
22:
947:
890:
867:
860:
823:
811:
787:
763:
736:
714:
707:
666:
634:
605:. Retrieved
603:(in Persian)
600:
591:
564:
557:Russell 1987
552:
540:
533:Calmard 1993
528:
501:
471:
423:
403:
395:
388:
377:
338:ha al-mirjan
337:
335:
330:
324:
306:. Under the
297:
295:
292:Introduction
285:
278:
272:
236:
223:Jashn-e Mehr
222:
208:
207:
57:
1003:Khordad Sāl
978:Yaldā Night
857:Pellat, Ch.
766:. New York.
739:. Oakland:
713:Volume VII:
704:Pellat, Ch.
626:Boyce, Mary
601:www.irna.ir
545:Shaked 2015
283:Old Persian
244:Zoroastrian
116:Afghanistan
58:Jašn-e Mehr
54:Also called
1031:Categories
983:Bahmanagān
936:Traditions
866:Volume VI:
760:"Mehragān"
687:"Mihragān"
607:2 February
584:Boyce 1983
569:Payne 2015
494:References
404:After the
380:Persepolis
286:Mithrakāna
152:Uzbekistan
140:Tajikistan
104:Azerbaijan
844:"Marāsim"
506:Rose 2015
434:Kordestan
327:al-Biruni
199:Frequency
128:Kurdistan
1017:Azarigān
1013:Abanigān
998:Gahanbar
948:Mehregan
868:Mahk–Mid
859:(eds.).
822:(1987).
735:(2018).
706:(eds.).
477:See also
462:Golestan
373:Dushanbe
342:Fereydun
312:Armenian
240:Festival
209:Mehregan
29:Mehregan
953:Tiregān
715:Mif–Naz
632:(ed.).
619:Sources
454:Bushehr
450:Isfahan
354:Jamshid
259:Persian
248:Iranian
242:) is a
229:جشن مهر
213:Persian
74:Mehrjon
64:جشن مهر
963:Daygān
943:Nowruz
874:
855:&
830:
795:
747:
721:
702:&
673:
654:
460:, and
442:Zanjan
426:Tehran
414:Kermān
399:Nowruz
391:Nowruz
369:Tajiks
346:Zahhak
320:Nowruz
304:Mithra
299:yazata
255:Mithra
252:yazata
238:Mithra
218:مهرگان
202:Annual
180:Canada
177:
161:
149:
137:
125:
113:
101:
89:
34:مهرگان
993:Sadeh
847:. In
690:. In
277:name
221:) or
70:Uzbek
872:ISBN
828:ISBN
793:ISBN
778:link
745:ISBN
719:ISBN
671:ISBN
652:ISBN
609:2023
430:Yazd
412:and
410:Yazd
269:Name
263:Mehr
246:and
234:lit.
191:Date
182:(by
166:(by
92:Iran
644:doi
325:In
1033::
864:.
851:;
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770:{{
762:.
743:.
711:.
698:;
694:;
650:.
599:.
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440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
288:.
261::
215::
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907:v
880:.
836:.
801:.
780:)
753:.
727:.
679:.
660:.
646::
611:.
523:.
257:(
225:(
211:(
186:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
