1145:
1240:
1249:
When present in smaller concentrations, nystatin momentarily forms pores that allows a vesicle fusion to occur more easily; that fusion then interrupts the pore stability and the nystatin and ergosterol disperse from each other. Conversely, researchers have found that the half-life of these nystatin pores increase with an increased dosage level of nystatin to the membrane systems. This indicates a lower energy of both the lipid membrane and the ionophores when there is a higher concentration of nystatin.
612:
589:
1126:
40:
730:
InChI=1S/C47H75NO17/c1-27-17-15-13-11-9-7-5-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-34(64-46-44(58)41(48)43(57)30(4)63-46)24-38-40(45(59)60)37(54)26-47(61,65-38)25-36(53)35(52)20-19-31(49)21-32(50)22-33(51)23-39(55)62-29(3)28(2)42(27)56/h5-6,8,10-18,27-38,40-44,46,49-54,56-58,61H,7,9,19-26,48H2,1-4H3,(H,59,60)/b6-5+,10-8+,13-11+,14-12+,17-15+,18-16+/t27-,28-,29-,30+,31+,32+,33+,34-,35+,36+,37-,38-,40+,41-,42+,43+,44-,46-,47+/m0/s1
1187:
1102:
31:
4586:
1114:
1090:
1248:
Another electrophysiological measurement that can be made is fusion event duration in a nystatin-ergosterol based system. Fusions are measured while the voltage is held constant, and is characterized by a spike in the current that then returns to the baseline current as the nystatin channels close.
1082:
Following the biosynthesis of the macrolide, the compound undergoes post-synthetic modifications, which are aided by the following enzymes: GDP-mannose dehydratase (nysIII), P450 monooxygenase (nysL and nysN), aminotransferase (nysDII), and glycosyltransferase (nysDI). The biosynthetic pathway is
1009:
observed when high serum levels of nystatin are achieved. Despite the molecular similarities and differences of ergosterol and cholesterol, there is currently no consensus as to why nystatin has a higher binding affinity for ergosterol because it remains unclear how the nystatin pores are formed.
1243:
This is a depiction of what a fusion event may look like when seen on a current measurement. There is a sudden jump in the current, followed by a slower recover as the current returns to its baseline measurement from before the fusion event. This fusion event would interrupt the stability of a
889:
It is also used in very low birth-weight (less than 1500 g or 3 lb 5oz o) infants to prevent invasive fungal infections, although fluconazole is the preferred treatment. It has been found to reduce the rate of invasive fungal infections and also reduce deaths when used in these babies.
1075:. The genomic sequence of nystatin reveals the presence of the polyketide loading module (nysA), six polyketide syntheses modules (nysB, nysC, nysI, nysJ, and nysK) and two thioesterase modules (nysK and nysE). It is evident that the biosynthesis of the macrolide functionality follows the
678:
2783:
1272:
Additionally, a liposomal formulation of nystatin was investigated in the 1980s and into the early 21st century. The liposomal form was intended to resolve problems arising from the poor solubility of the parent molecule and the associated systemic toxicity of the free
901:, and demonstrated effectiveness against some amphotericin B-resistant forms of fungi. It offers an intriguing possibility for difficult-to-treat systemic infections, such as invasive aspergillosis, or infections that demonstrate resistance to amphotericin B.
2776:
1228:
electrophysiological recordings of cells. When loaded in the recording pipette, it allows for measurement of electrical currents without washing out the intracellular contents, because it forms pores in the cell membrane that are permeable to only
2769:
4156:
1000:
unique to fungi, so the drug does not have such catastrophic effects on animals or plants. However, many of the systemic/toxic effects of nystatin in humans are attributable to its binding to mammalian sterols, namely
1170:, who were doing research for the Division of Laboratories and Research of the New York State Department of Health. Hazen found a promising micro-organism in the soil of a friend's dairy farm. She named it
4149:
1217:
In certain cases, a nystatin derivative has been used to prevent the spread of mold on objects such as works of art. For example, it was applied to wood panel paintings damaged as a result of
2072:
Clinical
Pharmacology of Systemic Antifungal Agents: A Comprehensive Review of Agents in Clinical Use, Current Investigational Compounds, and Putative Targets for Antifungal Drug Development
1284:
profile when high levels in the serum are obtained, no injectable formulations of nystatin are on the US market. However, injectable formulations have been investigated in the past.
4616:
4142:
886:
was found to be much more effective for preventing colonization, invasive infection, and death. It is effective in treating oral candidiasis in elderly people who wear dentures.
161:
746:
2004:
907:
is also sensitive to nystatin. Additionally, liposomal nystatin appears to cause fewer cases of and less severe nephrotoxicity than observed with amphotericin B.
1975:
1218:
799:
Common side effects when applied to the skin include burning, itching, and a rash. Common side effects when taken by mouth include vomiting and diarrhea. During
1520:
62:
1178:
State Health
Department in 1954. The two discoverers patented the drug, and then donated the $ 13 million in profits to a foundation to fund similar research.
1010:
Researchers have concluded thus far that nystatin pores are formed from 4-12 nystatin molecules, with an unknown number of the necessary sterol interactions.
702:
1263:
An oral suspension form is used for the prophylaxis or treatment of oropharyngeal thrush, a superficial candidal infection of the mouth and pharynx.
796:. It may also be used to prevent candidiasis in those who are at high risk. Nystatin may be used by mouth, in the vagina, or applied to the skin.
4100:
3384:
3328:
2500:
2469:
2400:
2127:
1951:
1718:
1628:
The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023)
819:
374:)-33--1, 3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14, 39-dioxabicyclononatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid
2506:
2475:
1566:
1751:
2664:
2621:
2168:
2088:
1560:
722:
2761:
286:
211:
94:
1125:
3867:
1659:
1880:"Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America"
3434:
1524:
2348:
Fjaervik E, Zotchev SB (June 2005). "Biosynthesis of the polyene macrolide antibiotic nystatin in
Streptomyces noursei".
1997:
937:
1967:
468:
4656:
4117:
3345:
1144:
568:
113:
4671:
4576:
3193:
803:
use in the vagina is safe while other formulations have not been studied in this group. It works by disrupting the
710:
CC1C=CC=CCCC=CC=CC=CC=CC(CC2C(C(CC(O2)(CC(C(CCC(CC(CC(CC(=O)OC(C(C1O)C)C)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)C)O)N)O
1239:
4666:
3935:
3905:
3377:
1623:
2416:
Elsner Z, Leszczyńska-Bakal H, Pawlak E, Smazyński T (1976). "Gel with nystatin for treatment of lung mycosis".
3800:
2822:
1276:
Nystatin pastilles have been shown to be more effective in treating oral candidiasis than nystatin suspensions.
874:
Oral nystatin is often used as a preventive treatment in people who are at risk for fungal infections, such as
793:
3104:
4557:
4105:
4035:
3333:
3267:
1470:
1445:
1041:
from nystatin results in rapid cell death. Lipid peroxidation by nystatin also contributes significantly to
124:
1709:
Hilal-Dandan R, Knollmann B, Brunton L (5 December 2017). Brunton LL, Knollmann BC, Hilal-Dandan R (eds.).
1360:
607:
4651:
4646:
4329:
4266:
4072:
3719:
3138:
3113:
2910:
789:
135:
131:
2601:
1269:
Nystatin is available as a topical cream and can be used for superficial candidal infections of the skin.
537:
4347:
3289:
3025:
2921:
2916:
903:
771:
154:
4134:
2644:
2070:
832:. In 2022, it was the 236th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1
4621:
4611:
4606:
3370:
3041:
2699:
2262:
2205:
1393:
1379:
1324:
1158:
1059:
828:
255:
2069:
Groll AH, Piscitelli SC, Walsh TJ (1 January 1998), August JT, Anders MW, Murad F, Coyle JT (eds.),
1386:
4636:
4462:
3862:
3678:
2880:
1829:"Efficacy of nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
1452:
1434:
1353:
1167:
1163:
1076:
865:
815:
811:
584:
383:
151:
2743:
2561:"Nystatin perforated patch recording and its applications to analyses of intracellular mechanisms"
1063:. The structure of this active compound is characterized as a polyene macrolide with a deoxysugar
557:
4291:
4025:
3995:
3990:
2989:
2541:
2373:
2046:
1878:
Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D, Benjamin DK, Calandra TF, Edwards JE, et al. (March 2009).
1605:
1038:
1014:
823:
2651:, Planar Lipid Bilayers (BLMs) and Their Applications, vol. 7, Elsevier, pp. 479–488,
1404:
517:
4631:
4626:
3886:
2799:
2725:
2660:
2617:
2582:
2533:
2496:
2490:
2465:
2425:
2396:
2365:
2323:
2288:
2251:"Properties of lysosomes in guinea pig heart: subcellular distribution and in vitro stability"
2231:
2174:
2164:
2133:
2123:
2094:
2084:
2038:
1947:
1943:
1911:
1860:
1806:
1757:
1747:
1724:
1714:
1597:
1556:
1174:, after Jessie Nourse, the wife of the farm's owner. Hazen and Brown named nystatin after the
1018:
457:
52:
2459:
1550:
1372:
4676:
4641:
4030:
3980:
3260:
3210:
2715:
2707:
2652:
2609:
2572:
2357:
2315:
2278:
2270:
2221:
2213:
2194:"Evidence that nystatin channels form at the boundaries, not the interiors of lipid domains"
2156:
2076:
2030:
1901:
1891:
1850:
1840:
1796:
1788:
1631:
1589:
1462:
1441:
1175:
1030:
1022:
918:
The oral suspension form produces a number of adverse effects including but not limited to:
893:
Liposomal nystatin is not commercially available, but investigational use has shown greater
776:
624:
227:
477:
4661:
4590:
4546:
4208:
4198:
3612:
3602:
3284:
3220:
860:
392:
245:
235:
1113:
992:. When present in sufficient concentrations, it forms pores in the membrane that lead to
2703:
2266:
2209:
1101:
611:
588:
39:
4501:
4480:
4286:
4276:
4168:
4111:
4042:
3985:
3955:
3940:
3708:
3597:
3339:
3156:
3061:
2995:
2926:
2845:
2803:
2792:
2720:
2687:
2613:
2608:, Electrophysiology and Microinjection, vol. 4, Academic Press, pp. 364–373,
2283:
2250:
2226:
2193:
1906:
1879:
1855:
1828:
1801:
1776:
1423:
1364:
1230:
1072:
1034:
1006:
973:
898:
2711:
2656:
2274:
2160:
2080:
4600:
4563:
4414:
4404:
4364:
4337:
4319:
4185:
3945:
3841:
3815:
3622:
3574:
3540:
3495:
3465:
3226:
3178:
3109:
2839:
2319:
1935:
1400:
1195:-infected tangerine: The spot absent of growth had nystatin applied to it before the
989:
804:
689:
600:
86:
2377:
2050:
4541:
4531:
4434:
4419:
4399:
4369:
4301:
4176:
4067:
4052:
3965:
3895:
3811:
3645:
3640:
3632:
3627:
3617:
3607:
3525:
3515:
3510:
3500:
3485:
3475:
3460:
3401:
3397:
3309:
3203:
3163:
3046:
2942:
2895:
2807:
1792:
1609:
1466:
1089:
879:
864:
infections usually respond well to treatment with nystatin. Infections of nails or
548:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
1651:
417:
2643:
Rognlien KT, Woodbury DJ (1 January 2003), Tien HT, Ottova-Leitmannova A (eds.),
4452:
4429:
4424:
4409:
4394:
4389:
4314:
4309:
4281:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4165:
4086:
4047:
4005:
3975:
3876:
3820:
3756:
3744:
3592:
3584:
3579:
3550:
3545:
3535:
3530:
3505:
3480:
3241:
3129:
3051:
2885:
2855:
2688:"Cooperative partition model of nystatin interaction with phospholipid vesicles"
2217:
1681:
1516:
1427:
1225:
1211:
1191:
1186:
1002:
883:
882:. It has been investigated for use in patients after liver transplantation, but
785:
781:
80:
72:
4551:
4521:
4496:
4384:
4374:
4271:
4228:
4203:
4193:
4172:
4076:
4057:
4020:
4015:
4000:
3970:
3950:
3915:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3786:
3765:
3730:
3683:
3520:
3470:
3455:
3419:
3393:
3314:
3304:
3299:
3236:
3231:
3188:
3183:
3173:
3134:
2963:
2936:
2900:
2796:
2361:
2023:
Der
Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete
1204:
1068:
1026:
985:
953:
Too high of a dosage can potentially lead to additional side effects such as:
947:
654:
448:
146:
2577:
2560:
2537:
2137:
1761:
1728:
4536:
4475:
4379:
4356:
4257:
4247:
4062:
4010:
3739:
3698:
3664:
3490:
3446:
3362:
3119:
3094:
3036:
3008:
2979:
2973:
2957:
2947:
2890:
2865:
2860:
2306:
Stark G (July 1991). "The effect of ionizing radiation on lipid membranes".
2075:, Advances in Pharmacology, vol. 44, Academic Press, pp. 343–500,
1042:
993:
981:
977:
871:
When given parenterally, its activity is reduced due to presence of plasma.
856:
800:
268:
66:
2729:
2369:
2235:
1915:
1864:
1810:
1601:
2586:
2492:
Notable
American Women: The Modern Period : a Biographical Dictionary
2327:
2098:
2042:
2034:
1593:
1580:
Gupte M, Kulkarni P, Ganguli BN (January 2002). "Antifungal antibiotics".
4444:
3960:
3655:
3565:
3168:
3089:
3078:
3074:
3016:
2870:
2850:
2429:
2178:
1845:
1777:"Nystatin prophylaxis and treatment in severely immunodepressed patients"
1316:
1281:
1208:
1153:
944:
915:
Bitter taste and nausea are more common than most other adverse effects.
428:
139:
108:
22:
2545:
2521:
2445:
Medical mycology in the United States: a historical analysis (1894-1996)
1636:
1025:
from ergosterol in fungal cell membranes. Lipid peroxidation alters the
437:
4526:
4238:
4081:
3693:
3084:
3021:
2744:"Nyata 100,000 Unit/Gram Topical Powder - Uses, Side Effects, and More"
2292:
1552:
Medical
Mycology in the United States a Historical Analysis (1894-1996)
1340:
1320:
403:
3065:
3031:
2600:
Korn SJ, Marty A, Connor JA, Horn R (1 January 1991), Conn PM (ed.),
1266:
A tablet form is preferred for candidal infections in the intestines.
1236:, preferably cations such as sodium, potassium, lithium, and cesium.
1196:
997:
848:
528:
30:
1896:
497:
3430:
3294:
2155:. Progress in Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 14. pp. 105–79.
1368:
1238:
1185:
1143:
852:
677:
668:
508:
2522:"The Restoration of Damaged Art Treasures in Florence and Venice"
1057:(often called nystatin) is biosynthesized by a bacterial strain,
996:
leakage, acidification, and death of the fungus. Ergosterol is a
2021:
Rosenberger A, Tebbe B, Treudler R, Orfanos CE (June 1998). "".
1711:
1233:
928:
Rarely, tachycardia, bronchospasm, facial swelling, muscle aches
875:
844:
488:
4138:
3366:
2765:
1416:
Myco-Triacet II (topical ointment, combined with triamcinolone)
1359:
Nystaform (topical cream, and ointment and cream combined with
1013:
Nystatin also impacts cell membrane potential and transport by
103:
818:. It was the first polyene macrolide antifungal. It is on the
2393:
Medicinal
Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach (3rd ed.)
2308:
Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes
2118:
Rang HP, Dale MM, Flower RJ, Henderson G (21 January 2015).
1682:"Nystatin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022"
1461:
Animax (veterinary topical ointment or cream; combined with
573:
1214:
on mammalian cells, at concentrations around 3 μg/ml.
1203:
It is also used in cellular biology as an inhibitor of the
1148:
Elizabeth Lee Hazen (left) and Rachel Fuller Brown in 1955.
2495:. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 327.
1152:
Like many other antifungals and antibiotics, nystatin has
1033:
in the membrane, which is necessary to transport ions and
1224:
Nystatin is also used as a tool by scientists performing
1045:
leakage due to structural modifications of the membrane.
932:
Both the oral suspension and the topical form can cause:
1713:(Thirteenth ed.). New York: McGraw Hill / Medical.
1392:
Mycostatin (vaginal tablets, topical powder, suspension
1413:
Mykacet (topical ointment, combined with triamcinolone)
820:
World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
753:
2645:"Chapter 16 - Reconstituting SNARE proteins into BLMs"
1410:
Mytrex (topical ointment, combined with triamcinolone)
4574:
2192:
Helrich CS, Schmucker JA, Woodbury DJ (August 2006).
1974:. PubMed Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4514:
4489:
4461:
4443:
4355:
4346:
4328:
4300:
4256:
4237:
4184:
3928:
3904:
3885:
3861:
3854:
3799:
3778:
3755:
3729:
3718:
3677:
3654:
3564:
3445:
3429:
3418:
3409:
3277:
3252:
3148:
3060:
3006:
2831:
2815:
1419:
Flagystatin II (cream, combined with metronidazole)
878:patients with a low CD4 count and people receiving
688:
666:
653:
623:
618:
599:
567:
547:
527:
507:
487:
467:
447:
427:
402:
382:
277:
267:
254:
244:
234:
226:
210:
205:
160:
145:
123:
93:
79:
61:
51:
46:
1136:The melting point of nystatin is 44 - 46 °C.
1929:
1927:
1925:
416:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
1555:. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p. 62.
1219:the Arno River Flood of 1966 in Florence, Italy
1083:thought to proceed as shown to yield nystatin.
391:
1938:. In Dismukes WE, Pappas PG, Sobel JD (eds.).
4617:World Health Organization essential medicines
4150:
3378:
2777:
1521:American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
943:Rash, itching, burning and acute generalized
8:
2255:Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
2122:(Eighth ed.). : Churchill Livingstone.
1942:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
1399:Mycolog-II (topical ointment, combined with
556:
112:
21:
2602:"[22] - Perforated Patch Recording"
2418:Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy
1781:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1775:Gøtzsche PC, Johansen HK (September 2014).
1742:Satoskar RS, Rege N, Bhandarkar SD (2015).
1511:
1021:double bonds in nystatin's structure steal
1005:. This is the effect that accounts for the
219:In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
4352:
4157:
4143:
4135:
3858:
3726:
3442:
3426:
3415:
3385:
3371:
3363:
2784:
2770:
2762:
2153:Biological activity of polyene antibiotics
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
610:
587:
456:
2719:
2576:
2282:
2225:
1905:
1895:
1854:
1844:
1800:
1635:
476:
1544:
1542:
897:activity than colloidal formulations of
4581:
1487:
1085:
727:
707:
583:
436:
291:
85:
2350:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
1582:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
936:Hypersensitivity reactions, including
601:
20:
2461:Medicine Becomes a Science: 1840-1999
2064:
2062:
2060:
1978:from the original on 21 December 2013
1827:Lyu X, Zhao C, Yan ZM, Hua H (2016).
1822:
1820:
1744:Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics
1630:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1569:from the original on 2 February 2016.
1378:Nilstat (vaginal tablet, oral drops,
536:
516:
71:
7:
2526:Journal of the Royal Society of Arts
1972:Micromedex Detailed Drug Information
1833:Drug Design, Development and Therapy
1704:
1702:
1527:from the original on 3 February 2016
193:
183:
173:
3149:Intestinal anti-inflammatory agents
2509:from the original on 23 March 2017.
2478:from the original on 23 March 2017.
2010:from the original on 21 April 2014.
1662:from the original on 30 August 2024
810:Nystatin was discovered in 1950 by
496:
407:
2614:10.1016/B978-0-12-185257-3.50027-6
2565:The Japanese Journal of Physiology
988:, a major component of the fungal
14:
3206:agents, excluding corticosteroids
2686:Coutinho A, Prieto M (May 2003).
2395:. UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2249:Welman E, Peters TJ (June 1976).
780:infections of the skin including
4584:
1124:
1112:
1100:
1088:
826:. It is made from the bacterium
641:
635:
38:
29:
3868:thymidylate synthase inhibitors
2649:Membrane Science and Technology
1440:Nidoflor (cream, combined with
1422:Timodine (cream, combined with
1352:Nysert (vaginal suppositories,
735:Key:VQOXZBDYSJBXMA-NQTDYLQESA-N
694:44–46 °C (111–115 °F)
250:None (not extensively absorbed)
2489:Sicherman B, Green CH (1980).
1793:10.1002/14651858.CD002033.pub2
1315:Nystan (oral tablets, topical
644:
629:
263:Dependent upon GI transit time
1:
3253:Antidiarrheal micro-organisms
2712:10.1016/s0006-3495(03)70032-0
2657:10.1016/S0927-5193(03)80040-2
2275:10.1016/S0006-3495(93)81343-2
2161:10.1016/S0079-6468(08)70148-6
2081:10.1016/S1054-3589(08)60129-5
1998:"FDA approved package insert"
1385:Korostatin (vaginal tablets,
1156:origin. It was isolated from
2320:10.1016/0304-4157(91)90020-w
2120:Rang and Dale's pharmacology
1884:Clinical Infectious Diseases
766:, sold under the brand name
2559:Akaike N, Harata N (1994).
2218:10.1529/biophysj.105.076281
1549:Espinel-Ingroff AV (2013).
1333:Nystalocal from Medinova AG
4693:
3095:Camphorated opium tincture
2832:Intestinal anti-infectives
2443:Espinel-Ingroff A (2003).
1640:. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
868:skin do not respond well.
619:Chemical and physical data
4095:
3936:bromochlorosalicylanilide
3906:Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
3323:
2362:10.1007/s00253-004-1802-4
1624:World Health Organization
1433:Nistatina (oral tablets,
1037:molecules. Disruption of
743:
718:
698:
282:
37:
28:
3028:, known as Pepto-Bismol)
2823:Oral rehydration therapy
2606:Methods in Neurosciences
2578:10.2170/jjphysiol.44.433
2464:. Infobase. p. 71.
1451:Stamicin (oral tablets,
1339:Nystop (topical powder,
1226:"perforated" patch-clamp
938:Stevens–Johnson syndrome
794:vaginal yeast infections
4558:Lactobacillus fermentum
3268:Saccharomyces boulardii
2447:. Springer. p. 62.
1968:"Nystatin (Oral route)"
1471:triamcinolone acetonide
1446:triamcinolone acetonide
836:million prescriptions.
822:. It is available as a
4267:Diiodohydroxyquinoline
3720:Squalene monooxygenase
3557:Systemic: ketoconazole
1476:Nyata (topical powder)
1245:
1200:
1149:
790:esophageal candidiasis
774:. It is used to treat
3748:Systemic: terbinafine
3290:Bismuth subsalicylate
3026:bismuth subsalicylate
2922:Succinylsulfathiazole
2917:Phthalylsulfathiazole
2520:Brommelle NS (1970).
2035:10.1007/s001050050776
1746:. Chennai: Elsevier.
1652:"The Top 300 of 2022"
1594:10.1007/s002530100822
1361:iodochlorhydroxyquine
1300:Pediaderm AF Complete
1242:
1189:
1147:
807:of the fungal cells.
772:antifungal medication
155:antifungal medication
16:Antifungal medication
4036:Whitfield's ointment
3863:Pyrimidine analogues
3679:Polyene antimycotics
3278:Other antidiarrheals
1936:"Liposomal Nystatin"
1846:10.2147/DDDT.S100795
1394:Bristol-Myers Squibb
1354:Procter & Gamble
1325:Bristol-Myers Squibb
1172:Streptomyces noursei
1159:Streptomyces noursei
1060:Streptomyces noursei
963:Chills and skin rash
829:Streptomyces noursei
770:among others, is an
240:0% on oral ingestion
3127:does not cross BBB:
2704:2003BpJ....84.3061C
2692:Biophysical Journal
2267:1993BpJ....64...92B
2210:2006BpJ....91.1116H
2198:Biophysical Journal
2151:Hammond SM (1977).
1253:Society and culture
1212:endocytosis pathway
1168:Rachel Fuller Brown
1164:Elizabeth Lee Hazen
1077:polyketide synthase
1029:of the interior of
968:Mechanism of action
816:Elizabeth Lee Hazen
812:Rachel Fuller Brown
25:
4657:Secondary alcohols
4122:Never to phase III
4026:tribromometacresol
3996:sodium thiosulfate
3991:selenium disulfide
3887:Mitotic inhibitors
3350:Never to phase III
2391:Dewick PM (2009).
1934:Hamill RJ (2003).
1246:
1201:
1199:covered the fruit.
1150:
1131:Completed molecule
1039:membrane transport
1015:lipid peroxidation
824:generic medication
57:Mycostatin, others
4672:Conjugated dienes
4572:
4571:
4510:
4509:
4132:
4131:
3924:
3923:
3850:
3849:
3801:β-glucan synthase
3795:
3794:
3774:
3773:
3673:
3672:
3360:
3359:
2800:anti-inflammatory
2532:(5165): 260–269.
2502:978-0-674-62733-8
2471:978-1-4381-2752-1
2402:978-0-471-97478-9
2129:978-0-7020-5362-7
1953:978-0-19-514809-1
1940:Clinical Mycology
1720:978-1-259-58473-2
1066:
980:, nystatin is an
761:
760:
679:Interactive image
569:CompTox Dashboard
106:
4684:
4667:Carboxylic acids
4589:
4588:
4587:
4580:
4502:Methylrosaniline
4353:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4136:
4031:undecylenic acid
3981:potassium iodide
3859:
3727:
3443:
3427:
3416:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3364:
3261:Escherichia coli
3221:Aminosalicylates
3211:Cromoglicic acid
2786:
2779:
2772:
2763:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2723:
2698:(5): 3061–3078.
2683:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2580:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2458:Kelly K (2010).
2455:
2449:
2448:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2345:
2332:
2331:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2286:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2229:
2204:(3): 1116–1127.
2189:
2183:
2182:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2066:
2055:
2054:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2002:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1931:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1858:
1848:
1824:
1815:
1814:
1804:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1546:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1513:
1463:neomycin sulfate
1453:Antibiotice Iaşi
1442:neomycin sulfate
1435:Antibiotice Iaşi
1323:, formerly from
1128:
1116:
1104:
1092:
1064:
1023:electron density
866:hyperkeratinized
835:
757:
756:
749:
681:
661:
646:
643:
637:
631:
614:
603:
592:
591:
577:
575:
560:
540:
520:
500:
480:
460:
440:
420:
410:
409:
395:
259:
197:
187:
177:
116:
105:
102:
89:
75:
42:
33:
26:
24:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4585:
4583:
4575:
4573:
4568:
4547:Povidone-iodine
4506:
4485:
4457:
4439:
4342:
4324:
4296:
4252:
4233:
4209:Oxytetracycline
4199:Chloramphenicol
4180:
4169:anti-infectives
4163:
4133:
4128:
4127:
4112:Clinical trials
4091:
3920:
3900:
3881:
3866:
3846:
3803:
3791:
3770:
3751:
3747:
3722:
3714:
3706:
3681:
3669:
3650:
3603:fosravuconazole
3560:
3436:
3435:lanosterol 14α-
3422:
3411:
3405:
3391:
3361:
3356:
3355:
3340:Clinical trials
3319:
3285:Albumin tannate
3273:
3248:
3157:corticosteroids
3144:
3062:Antipropulsives
3056:
3002:
2827:
2811:
2790:
2760:
2759:
2749:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2503:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2472:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2403:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2347:
2346:
2335:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2171:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2130:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2103:
2101:
2091:
2068:
2067:
2058:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2007:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1933:
1932:
1923:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1787:(9): CD002033.
1774:
1773:
1769:
1754:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1721:
1708:
1707:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1563:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1530:
1528:
1515:
1514:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1290:
1260:
1255:
1184:
1142:
1132:
1129:
1120:
1117:
1108:
1105:
1096:
1093:
1056:
1051:
970:
913:
911:Adverse effects
842:
833:
752:
750:
747:(what is this?)
744:
739:
736:
731:
726:
725:
714:
711:
706:
705:
684:
659:
649:
640:
634:
595:
571:
563:
543:
523:
503:
483:
463:
443:
423:
406:
398:
378:
375:
290:
289:
257:
236:Bioavailability
228:Pharmacokinetic
222:
201:
126:
119:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4690:
4688:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4483:
4481:Amphotericin B
4478:
4473:
4467:
4465:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4449:
4447:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4361:
4359:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4306:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4289:
4287:Broxyquinoline
4284:
4279:
4277:Chlorquinaldol
4274:
4269:
4263:
4261:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4244:
4242:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4190:
4188:
4182:
4181:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4154:
4147:
4139:
4130:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4043:citronella oil
4039:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3986:salicylic acid
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3956:crystal violet
3953:
3948:
3943:
3941:chlorophetanol
3938:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3911:
3909:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3891:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3872:
3870:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3807:
3805:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3761:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3733:
3724:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3709:amphotericin B
3701:
3696:
3689:
3687:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3660:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3598:fosfluconazole
3595:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3570:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3451:
3449:
3440:
3424:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3367:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3264:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3169:Hydrocortisone
3166:
3159:acting locally
3152:
3150:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3132:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3099:
3098:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3075:Opium tincture
3071:
3069:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2996:Broxyquinoline
2985:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2927:Sulfaguanidine
2924:
2919:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2846:Amphotericin B
2835:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2804:anti-infective
2793:Antidiarrheals
2791:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2766:
2758:
2757:
2735:
2678:
2665:
2635:
2622:
2592:
2571:(5): 433–473.
2551:
2512:
2501:
2481:
2470:
2450:
2435:
2424:(4): 349–352.
2408:
2401:
2383:
2356:(4): 436–443.
2333:
2314:(2): 103–122.
2298:
2261:(6): 443–463.
2241:
2184:
2169:
2143:
2128:
2110:
2089:
2056:
2029:(6): 492–495.
2013:
1989:
1959:
1952:
1921:
1897:10.1086/596757
1890:(5): 503–535.
1870:
1816:
1767:
1753:978-8131243619
1752:
1734:
1719:
1698:
1673:
1643:
1615:
1572:
1561:
1538:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1459:
1456:
1449:
1438:
1431:
1424:hydrocortisone
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1397:
1390:
1387:Holland Rantos
1383:
1376:
1365:hydrocortisone
1357:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1244:nystatin pore.
1183:
1180:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1123:
1121:
1119:Modules 13 -18
1118:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1087:
1073:aminoglycoside
1054:
1050:
1047:
1027:hydrophilicity
1007:nephrotoxicity
984:. It binds to
974:amphotericin B
969:
966:
965:
964:
961:
958:
957:Nephrotoxicity
951:
950:
941:
930:
929:
926:
925:Abdominal pain
923:
912:
909:
899:amphotericin B
841:
838:
759:
758:
741:
740:
738:
737:
734:
732:
729:
721:
720:
719:
716:
715:
713:
712:
709:
701:
700:
699:
696:
695:
692:
686:
685:
683:
682:
674:
672:
664:
663:
657:
651:
650:
647:
638:
632:
627:
621:
620:
616:
615:
605:
597:
596:
594:
593:
580:
578:
565:
564:
562:
561:
553:
551:
545:
544:
542:
541:
533:
531:
525:
524:
522:
521:
513:
511:
505:
504:
502:
501:
493:
491:
485:
484:
482:
481:
473:
471:
465:
464:
462:
461:
453:
451:
445:
444:
442:
441:
433:
431:
425:
424:
422:
421:
413:
411:
400:
399:
397:
396:
388:
386:
380:
379:
377:
376:
293:
285:
284:
283:
280:
279:
275:
274:
271:
265:
264:
261:
252:
251:
248:
242:
241:
238:
232:
231:
224:
223:
221:
220:
216:
214:
208:
207:
203:
202:
200:
199:
166:
164:
158:
157:
149:
143:
142:
129:
127:administration
121:
120:
118:
117:
99:
97:
91:
90:
83:
77:
76:
69:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4689:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4652:Vicinal diols
4650:
4648:
4647:Lipid methods
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4592:
4582:
4578:
4565:
4564:Copper usnate
4562:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4513:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4488:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4415:Propenidazole
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4405:Fenticonazole
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4365:Metronidazole
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4338:Sulfatolamide
4336:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4320:Ascorbic acid
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4302:Organic acids
4299:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4236:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4166:Gynecological
4160:
4155:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:chlorphenesin
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3855:Intracellular
3853:
3843:
3842:ibrexafungerp
3840:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3816:anidulafungin
3813:
3812:echinocandins
3809:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3754:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3710:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3680:
3676:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3623:oteseconazole
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3613:isavuconazole
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3575:efinaconazole
3572:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3541:sertaconazole
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3496:fenticonazole
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3466:chlormidazole
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3408:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3388:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3374:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3227:Sulfasalazine
3225:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3194:Beclometasone
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3179:Betamethasone
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3110:Diphenoxylate
3108:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3005:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2782:
2780:
2775:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2745:
2739:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2682:
2679:
2668:
2666:9780444509406
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2639:
2636:
2625:
2623:9780121852573
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2516:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2485:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2412:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2394:
2387:
2384:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2245:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2170:9780720406450
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2111:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2090:9780120329458
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2025:(in German).
2024:
2017:
2014:
2006:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1839:: 1161–1171.
1838:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1638:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1562:9789401703116
1558:
1554:
1553:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1401:triamcinolone
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1146:
1139:
1137:
1127:
1122:
1115:
1110:
1103:
1098:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
991:
990:cell membrane
987:
983:
979:
975:
967:
962:
959:
956:
955:
954:
949:
946:
945:exanthematous
942:
940:in some cases
939:
935:
934:
933:
927:
924:
921:
920:
919:
916:
910:
908:
906:
905:
900:
896:
891:
887:
885:
881:
877:
872:
869:
867:
863:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
839:
837:
831:
830:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
806:
805:cell membrane
802:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
778:
773:
769:
765:
755:
748:
742:
733:
728:
724:
717:
708:
704:
697:
693:
691:
690:Melting point
687:
680:
676:
675:
673:
670:
665:
658:
656:
652:
628:
626:
622:
617:
613:
609:
606:
604:
602:ECHA InfoCard
598:
590:
586:
585:DTXSID4040688
582:
581:
579:
570:
566:
559:
555:
554:
552:
550:
546:
539:
535:
534:
532:
530:
526:
519:
515:
514:
512:
510:
506:
499:
495:
494:
492:
490:
486:
479:
475:
474:
472:
470:
466:
459:
455:
454:
452:
450:
446:
439:
435:
434:
432:
430:
426:
419:
415:
414:
412:
405:
401:
394:
390:
389:
387:
385:
381:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
288:
281:
276:
272:
270:
266:
262:
260:
253:
249:
247:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
218:
217:
215:
213:
209:
204:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
168:
167:
165:
163:
159:
156:
153:
150:
148:
144:
141:
137:
133:
130:
128:
122:
115:
110:
101:
100:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
50:
47:Clinical data
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
19:
4556:
4542:Furazolidone
4532:Policresulen
4470:
4435:Flutrimazole
4420:Butoconazole
4400:Ketoconazole
4370:Clotrimazole
4330:Sulfonamides
4292:Oxyquinoline
4068:tea tree oil
4053:lemon myrtle
3966:ethylparaben
3896:griseofulvin
3757:Benzylamines
3703:
3646:ravuconazole
3641:albaconazole
3633:voriconazole
3628:posaconazole
3618:itraconazole
3608:hexaconazole
3526:neticonazole
3516:luliconazole
3511:ketoconazole
3501:flutrimazole
3486:eberconazole
3476:clotrimazole
3461:butoconazole
3310:Racecadotril
3266:
3259:
3219:
3204:antiallergic
3202:
3164:Prednisolone
3155:
3139:+simethicone
3126:
3102:
3042:Crospovidone
2990:Oxyquinoline
2988:
2972:
2956:
2943:Nifuroxazide
2935:
2911:Sulfonamides
2909:
2896:Streptomycin
2875:
2838:
2748:. Retrieved
2738:
2695:
2691:
2681:
2670:, retrieved
2648:
2638:
2627:, retrieved
2605:
2595:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2529:
2525:
2515:
2491:
2484:
2460:
2453:
2444:
2438:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2392:
2386:
2353:
2349:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2258:
2254:
2244:
2201:
2197:
2187:
2152:
2146:
2119:
2113:
2102:, retrieved
2071:
2026:
2022:
2016:
1992:
1980:. Retrieved
1971:
1962:
1939:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1836:
1832:
1784:
1780:
1770:
1743:
1737:
1710:
1689:. Retrieved
1685:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1655:
1646:
1637:10665/371090
1627:
1618:
1588:(1): 46–57.
1585:
1581:
1575:
1551:
1529:. Retrieved
1467:thiostrepton
1312:PMS-Nystatin
1279:
1258:Formulations
1247:
1223:
1216:
1202:
1190:
1171:
1157:
1151:
1135:
1107:Modules 6-12
1095:Loading to 5
1081:
1058:
1052:
1049:Biosynthesis
1012:
971:
952:
931:
917:
914:
904:Cryptococcus
902:
894:
892:
888:
880:chemotherapy
873:
870:
859:
843:
840:Medical uses
827:
809:
798:
775:
767:
763:
762:
751:
745:
549:NIAID ChemDB
538:ChEMBL229383
518:CHEBI:473992
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
273:Fecal (100%)
256:Elimination
212:Legal status
206:Legal status
95:License data
18:
4622:Polyketides
4612:Dermatoxins
4607:Antifungals
4453:Terconazole
4430:Oxiconazole
4425:Omoconazole
4410:Azanidazole
4395:Tioconazole
4390:Isoconazole
4348:Antifungals
4315:Acetic acid
4310:Lactic acid
4282:Dequalinium
4260:derivatives
4224:Clindamycin
4219:Mepartricin
4214:Carfecillin
4186:Antibiotics
4173:antiseptics
4108:from market
4087:pentamidine
4048:lemon grass
4006:taurolidine
3976:polynoxylin
3877:flucytosine
3821:caspofungin
3745:terbinafine
3731:Allylamines
3593:fluconazole
3585:terconazole
3580:fluconazole
3551:tioconazole
3546:sulconazole
3536:oxiconazole
3531:omoconazole
3506:isoconazole
3481:croconazole
3439:inhibitors)
3437:demethylase
3394:Antifungals
3336:from market
3242:Balsalazide
3130:Eluxadoline
3097:(paregoric)
3052:Diosmectite
3047:Attapulgite
3024:(including
3007:Intestinal
2886:Polymyxin B
2881:Paromomycin
2856:Fidaxomicin
2840:Antibiotics
2816:Rehydration
2750:11 November
2746:. WebMD LLC
1428:dimethicone
1367:; formerly
1303:Candistatin
1288:Brand names
1280:Due to its
1192:Penicillium
1162:in 1950 by
1079:I pathway.
1003:cholesterol
960:Hypokalemia
884:fluconazole
782:diaper rash
662: g·mol
608:100.014.317
278:Identifiers
81:MedlinePlus
53:Trade names
4637:Hemiketals
4601:Categories
4552:Protiofate
4522:Clodantoin
4497:Ciclopirox
4385:Ornidazole
4375:Miconazole
4357:Imidazoles
4272:Clioquinol
4229:Pentamycin
4204:Hachimycin
4194:Candicidin
4077:atovaquone
4058:orange oil
4021:tolnaftate
4016:tolciclate
4001:sulbentine
3971:haloprogin
3951:ciclopirox
3916:tavaborole
3908:inhibitors
3894:Systemic:
3875:Systemic:
3836:rezafungin
3831:micafungin
3826:cilofungin
3810:Systemic:
3804:inhibitors
3787:amorolfine
3766:butenafine
3723:inhibitors
3707:Systemic:
3684:ergosterol
3591:Systemic:
3521:miconazole
3471:climbazole
3456:bifonazole
3447:Imidazoles
3423:inhibitors
3420:Ergosterol
3315:Kaopectate
3305:Octreotide
3300:Crofelemer
3237:Olsalazine
3232:Mesalazine
3189:Budesonide
3184:Tixocortol
3174:Prednisone
3135:Loperamide
3009:adsorbents
2964:Miconazole
2937:Nitrofuran
2901:Vancomycin
2797:intestinal
2672:9 December
2629:9 December
2104:9 December
1531:27 January
1517:"Nystatin"
1482:References
1309:Bio-Statin
1231:monovalent
1205:lipid raft
1182:Other uses
1069:mycosamine
1053:Nystatin A
1019:Conjugated
986:ergosterol
948:pustulosis
857:esophageal
768:Mycostatin
667:3D model (
655:Molar mass
478:BDF1O1C72E
449:ChemSpider
384:CAS Number
287:IUPAC name
246:Metabolism
147:Drug class
4537:Nifuratel
4476:Natamycin
4445:Triazoles
4380:Econazole
4258:Quinoline
4248:Acetarsol
4241:compounds
4118:Phase III
4106:Withdrawn
4063:patchouli
4011:ticlatone
3914:Topical:
3785:Topical:
3764:Topical:
3740:naftifine
3738:Topical:
3711:, hamycin
3699:natamycin
3692:Topical:
3665:abafungin
3663:Topical:
3656:Thiazoles
3639:Unknown:
3573:Topical:
3566:Triazoles
3491:econazole
3454:Topical:
3346:Phase III
3334:Withdrawn
3295:Ceratonia
3120:Difenoxin
3114:+atropine
2980:Acetarsol
2974:Arsenical
2958:Imidazole
2948:Nifurzide
2891:Rifaximin
2866:Natamycin
2861:Kanamycin
2538:0035-9114
2138:903083639
1762:978526697
1729:994570810
1691:30 August
1666:30 August
1405:Apothecon
1336:Nystamont
1321:pessaries
1154:bacterial
982:ionophore
978:natamycin
801:pregnancy
393:1400-61-9
269:Excretion
258:half-life
125:Routes of
73:Monograph
67:Drugs.com
4632:Polyenes
4627:Lactones
4591:Medicine
4471:Nystatin
4463:Polyenes
3961:dimazole
3704:nystatin
3686:binding)
3412:membrane
3103:crosses
3090:Morphine
3079:laudanum
3017:Charcoal
2876:Nystatin
2871:Neomycin
2851:Colistin
2806:agents (
2730:12719237
2546:41370578
2507:Archived
2476:Archived
2378:19291518
2370:15700127
2236:16679364
2051:10935411
2005:Archived
1976:Archived
1916:19191635
1865:27042008
1811:25188770
1686:ClinCalc
1660:Archived
1656:ClinCalc
1626:(2023).
1602:11831475
1567:Archived
1525:Archived
1330:Infestat
1317:ointment
1297:Pedi-Dri
1282:toxicity
1209:caveolae
1176:New York
1031:channels
922:Diarrhea
895:in vitro
764:Nystatin
754:(verify)
458:23078586
429:DrugBank
162:ATC code
140:by mouth
114:Nystatin
109:DailyMed
23:Nystatin
4677:Acetals
4642:Lactols
4527:Inosine
4239:Arsenic
4082:dapsone
3694:hamycin
3085:Codeine
3066:opioids
3022:Bismuth
2721:1302868
2700:Bibcode
2587:7534361
2328:1854791
2284:1262305
2263:Bibcode
2227:1563755
2206:Bibcode
2099:9547888
2043:9675578
1982:1 April
1907:7294538
1856:4801147
1802:6457783
1610:8015426
1380:Lederle
1373:Typharm
1349:Mykinac
1341:Paddock
1306:Nyaderm
1140:History
861:Candida
849:vaginal
777:Candida
660:926.107
625:Formula
438:DB00646
404:PubChem
192: (
190:G01AA01
182: (
180:D01AA01
178:)
172: (
170:A07AA02
152:Polyene
136:vaginal
132:Topical
111::
87:a682758
4662:Amines
4577:Portal
4101:WHO-EM
3929:Others
3779:Others
3431:Azoles
3329:WHO-EM
3037:Kaolin
3032:Pectin
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1346:Nystex
1319:, and
1294:Nyamyc
1197:fungus
998:sterol
855:, and
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792:, and
786:thrush
703:SMILES
558:004993
529:ChEMBL
498:D00202
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4515:Other
4490:Other
3410:Wall/
2542:JSTOR
2374:S2CID
2047:S2CID
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2001:(PDF)
1946:–53.
1606:S2CID
1369:Bayer
1273:drug.
1071:, an
1035:polar
972:Like
853:mouth
723:InChI
669:JSmol
509:ChEBI
418:14960
4171:and
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2802:and
2752:2018
2726:PMID
2674:2023
2661:ISBN
2631:2023
2618:ISBN
2583:PMID
2534:ISSN
2497:ISBN
2466:ISBN
2426:PMID
2397:ISBN
2366:PMID
2324:PMID
2312:1071
2293:7679
2289:PMID
2232:PMID
2175:PMID
2165:ISBN
2134:OCLC
2124:ISBN
2106:2023
2095:PMID
2085:ISBN
2039:PMID
1984:2014
1948:ISBN
1912:PMID
1861:PMID
1807:PMID
1785:2014
1758:OCLC
1748:ISBN
1725:OCLC
1715:ISBN
1693:2024
1668:2024
1598:PMID
1557:ISBN
1533:2016
1469:and
1444:and
1426:and
1375:Ltd)
1371:now
1363:and
1234:ions
1166:and
976:and
876:AIDS
845:Skin
814:and
489:KEGG
469:UNII
342:, 25
230:data
63:AHFS
4177:G01
4073:PCP
3402:J02
3398:D01
3105:BBB
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2716:PMC
2708:doi
2653:doi
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2358:doi
2316:doi
2279:PMC
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2157:doi
2077:doi
2031:doi
1902:PMC
1892:doi
1851:PMC
1841:doi
1797:PMC
1789:doi
1632:hdl
1590:doi
574:EPA
408:CID
370:,37
366:,36
362:,35
358:,33
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350:,29
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