898:. The term employed sometimes depends on the aspect most in view: if one is addressing corporate unity, the emphasis may be on schism; if one is addressing doctrinal coherence, the emphasis may be on heresy. A deviation lighter than heresy is commonly called error, in the sense of not being grave enough to cause total estrangement, while yet seriously affecting communion. Sometimes error is also used to cover both full heresies and minor errors. Doctrine or practices not regarded as essential to faith, with which Christians can legitimately disagree, are known as
329:: "Religion is to be sought…only among those who are called Catholic or orthodox Christians, that is, guardians of truth and followers of right." Over time, the Western Church gradually identified with the "Catholic" label, and people of Western Europe gradually associated the "Orthodox" label with the Eastern Church (in some languages the "Catholic" label is not necessarily identified with the Western Church). This was in note of the fact that both Catholic and Orthodox were in use as ecclesiastical adjectives as early as the 2nd and 4th centuries respectively.
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442:, who others equate to prophets, and has no founder, no authority or command, but recommendations. The term most equivalent to orthodoxy at best has the meaning of "commonly accepted" traditions rather than the usual meaning of "conforming to a doctrine", for example, what people of middle eastern faiths attempt to equate as doctrine in Hindu philosophies is
1563:- the Thomistic in the Roman Catholic case, the Palamite in Neo-Patristic theology. Compliance with this norm is held to be absolutely necessary to be a true Catholic or a true Orthodox, and any deviation from it is considered detrimental this perennial norm functions, ultimately, to legitimize the 'Catholic' and the 'Orthodox' denomination (
1607:
Schooling is the set of programs and practices that institutionalize the norms and standards of written culture. In reading authoritative texts learners are acquiring not only knowledge but also the rules and norms for what constitutes a clear distinction, defensible theory, valid argument or a sound
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was one stemming from the authority of God, as interpreted bay God's representatives on Earth. Anyone who opposed the judgement of clergy committed a heresy. The Roman
Catholic Church's 'thought police' in charge of arresting any unorthodox thinking. The Spanish Inquisition was the most ruthless
446:, but which at best can be translated to mean "ageless traditions", hence denoting that they are accepted not through doctrine and force but through multi-generational tests of adoption and retention based on circumstantial attrition through millennia. Still, the concepts of
564:, which is relatively open to outer society. Each of those is itself formed of independent streams. They are almost uniformly exclusionist, regarding Orthodoxy as the only authentic form of Judaism and rejecting all non-Orthodox interpretations as illegitimate.
555:
Orthodox
Judaism is not a centralized denomination. Relations between its different subgroups are sometimes strained and the exact limits of Orthodoxy are subject to intense debate. Very roughly, it may be divided between
1540:. Pathways for Ecumenical and Interreligious Dialogue ISSN 2634-6605. Vol. 1: Historical and Theological Perspectives on the Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Dialogue. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature. p. 31.
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note how often monotheistic descriptions of restoration employ political vocabulary - within which the believing community exists no longer under siege but in a position of authority over the nonmember, or
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of the
Prophet. Used in conscious opposition to Shi'a, Shi'í. There being no ecclesia or centralized magisterium, the translation 'Orthodox' is inappropriate. To the Muslim 'unorthodox' implies heretical,
1534:
Avvakumov, Yury P. (2 February 2021). "Caught in the
Crossfire: Towards Understanding Medieval and Early Modern Advocates of Church Union". In Latinovic, Vladimir; Wooden, Anastacia K. (eds.).
172:. Hence, the Theravada school came to be considered the most orthodox of all Buddhist schools, as it is known to be highly conservative especially within the discipline and practice of the
1134:
95:, but different Churches accept different creeds and councils. Such differences of opinion have developed for numerous reasons, including language and cultural barriers.
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considered to be false are called heretics, while those who, perhaps without professing heretical beliefs, break from the perceived main body of believers are called
761:
are also used more broadly by
English-speakers to refer to things other than ideas and beliefs. A new and unusual way of solving a problem could be referred to as
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reason in a written-document culture. And that set of norms and standards is then to be carried over and used to judge one's own views whether written or spoken.
931:, for example, plays a much wider role in non-monotheistic (and particularly, non-scriptural) religion. The prevailing governing norm within polytheism is often
489:
is sometimes referred to as "Orthodox Islam". However, other scholars of Islam, such as John Burton believe that there is no such thing as "Orthodox Islam."
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in most
Christian contexts, since this was the viewpoint of previous Christian Church Fathers and was reaffirmed at these councils. (The minority of
250:
were held over a period of several centuries to try to formalize these doctrines. The most significant of these early decisions was that between the
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North Korea may have provided Pol Pot a model of ethnic as well as ideological purity, one that disregarded Korea's distinct ethnic homogeneity.
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is often used to refer to any commonly held belief or set of beliefs in some field, in particular when these tenets - possibly referred to as "
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form of presentation, already popular in academia, in their writings and lectures. They defined the
Lutheran faith and defended it against the
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418:. Calvinist scholasticism or Reformed scholasticism was a theological method that gradually developed during the era of Calvinist Orthodoxy.
510:, which seek to fully maintain the received Jewish beliefs and observances and which coalesced in opposition to the various challenges of
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as eternal and beyond historical influence, being applied differently to changing circumstances but basically unchangeable in itself.
387:. Lutheran scholasticism was a theological method that gradually developed during the era of Lutheran orthodoxy. Theologians used the
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or religious sentiment have not developed standardised, generally accepted systems of thought, orthodoxy cannot take root.
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Near East, but literacy traditions in South Asia and in East Asia did not prevent the growth of religious and political
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In some
English-speaking countries, Jews who adhere to all the traditions and commandments as legislated in the
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Christology of the
Oriental Orthodox Churches: Christology in the Tradition of the Armenian Apostolic Church
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820:- whereby opinion can distinguish "correct" belief or doctrine from their "incorrect" equivalents. Where
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The
Construction of Orthodoxy and Heresy: Neo-Confucian, Islamic, Jewish, and Early Christian Patterns
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The concept of orthodoxy pre-supposes some degree of agreed cultural standardisation - a system of
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This article is about adherence to accepted belief, especially in Christianity. For the book by
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The Inspiration of Scripture: A Study of the Theology of the 17th Century Lutheran Dogmaticians
284:). The homoousian doctrine, which defined Jesus as both God and man with the canons of the 431
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Cataldo, Jeremiah W. (3 January 2018). "Understanding monotheism as a cultural institution".
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Among various "orthodoxies" in distinctive fields, the most commonly used terms include:
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The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power, and Genocide in Cambodia Under the Khmer Rouge, 1975-79
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and faithfully transmitted ever since. The movement advocates a strict observance of
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in the 16th to 18th centuries. Calvinist orthodoxy was paralleled by similar eras in
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Colic-Peisker, Val; Flitney, Adrian (24 October 2017). "A Rational Civilisation?".
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The Church in history. Vol. 2. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.
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itself collectively refers to the various beliefs of people who lived beyond the
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1262:"The Human Icon: A Comparative Study of Hindu and Orthodox Christian Beliefs".
712:" - are being challenged. In this sense, the term "orthodox" can have a mildly
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exemplifies a peak in this trend) and in their regulation or "correction" via
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594:(Rodnovery) which characterize the religion as Orthodoxy, and by other terms.
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The Age of Post-Rationality: Limits of economic reasoning in the 21st century
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saw a turn - subsequently spreading elsewhere - to coercive interest in the
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72:, 'righteous/correct opinion') is adherence to correct or accepted
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differences. Since then, Oriental Orthodox Churches are maintaining the
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The Orthodox Imperative: Selected Essays of Avery Cardinal Dulles, S.J.
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632: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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for modern followers. It claims to derive a spiritual lineage from the
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A Social-Political History of Monotheism: From Judah to the Byzantines
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are tolerated and sometimes even encouraged within certain contexts.
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The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation
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refers to acceptance of the doctrines defined by various creeds and
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The concept of orthodoxy is prevalent in many forms of organized
937:('right practice') rather than the "right belief" of orthodoxy.
866:- in the interests of ideological purity and state homogeneity.
439:
1792:
Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D.
911:. However, orthodox belief is not usually overly emphasized in
27:
Adherence to the actual accepted belief, especially in religion
1524:, 2007; 335, published 8 November 2007, accessed 5 April 2023
1436:(illustrated ed.). B&H Publishing Group. p. 62.
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1709:(3 ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. xxx.
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religions, in which there is often little or no concept of
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refers to the set of doctrines which were believed by the
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Sunni Islam is sometimes referred to as "Orthodox Islam".
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The Mind on Paper: Reading, Consciousness and Rationality
352:
designation as a symbol of their theological traditions.
1135:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
506:
is a collective term for the traditionalist branches of
797:
372:. Lutheran orthodoxy was paralleled by similar eras in
142:
was known to denounce mere attachment to scriptures or
1588:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 58.
38:. For the Churches most often called "Orthodox", see
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and supra-national philosophies in the increasingly
464:
respectively, the ātiska being those who accept the
1683:Until the Enlightenment, the ultimate judgement or
1582:(7 November 2016). "Vygotsky and the Vygotskians".
1185:(Kindle ed.). First Things Press. p. 224.
61:
1750:. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
1359:"Āstika | Vedic, Upanishads, Brahman | Britannica"
1688:pursuit of ideological purity in Western history.
1239:, Grand Rapids, Reformation Heritage Books, 2011.
769:way of solving a problem might be referred to as
105:are sometimes referred to simply as "Orthodoxy".
1518:How much of orthodox medicine is evidence based?
560:, which is more conservative and reclusive, and
1434:What You Need to Know about Islam & Muslims
1386:(2, revised ed.). Routledge. p. 252.
288:, won out in the Church and was referred to as
362:, which began in 1580 from the writing of the
234:is a common test of orthodoxy in Christianity.
1179:Dulles S.J., Avery (2012). Reno, R.R. (ed.).
923:, and varied interpretations of doctrine and
8:
1496:"What is Kemetic Orthodoxy?: Introduction"
1335:"Nāstika | Indian philosophy | Britannica"
1195:
704:Outside the context of religion, the term
456:of Indian philosophy are quite similar to
311:continued to consider themselves uniquely
1207:
692:Learn how and when to remove this message
522:, it is chiefly defined by regarding the
397:Reformed orthodoxy or Calvinist orthodoxy
1537:Stolen Churches or Bridges to Orthodoxy?
850:. Medieval Europe and the post-colonial
1664:. Singapore: Springer. pp. 21–22.
1411:(revised ed.). BRILL. p. 11.
1075:"Perseus Digital Greek Word Study Tool"
1066:
146:principles, as it was mentioned in the
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1281:
1237:Introduction to Reformed Scholasticism
999:History of the Eastern Orthodox Church
238:In classical Christian use, the term
7:
1382:John Richard Thackrah (5 Sep 2013).
630:adding citations to reliable sources
1464:. p. 201: "Sunni: Of or pertaining
1248:Selderhuis, Herman J., ed. (2013).
1161:. Barre Center for Buddhist Studies
168:) and the commentaries such as the
1626:. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis.
1559:a certain eternal norm, a kind of
25:
1250:A Companion to Reformed Orthodoxy
1142:. 2004. Retrieved March 03, 2008.
1816:
947:
784:
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158:follows strict adherence to the
890:from orthodoxy by professing a
617:needs additional citations for
1226:London: Oliver and Boyd, 1957.
1153:"Kalama Sutta: To the Kalamas"
765:, while a common and 'normal'
1:
1839:Religious belief and doctrine
1765:Krikorian, Mesrob K. (2010).
1458:An Introduction to the Hadith
1407:Nasir, Jamal J., ed. (2009).
1019:Non-Chalcedonian Christianity
994:History of Oriental Orthodoxy
579:, a reform reconstruction of
399:was an era in the history of
358:was an era in the history of
344:(AD 451), because of several
296:object to this terminology.)
858:-systems of the individual (
426:Orthodoxy does not exist in
68:
1744:Henderson, John B. (1998).
1432:George W. Braswell (2000).
1105:Online Etymology Dictionary
1039:Proto-orthodox Christianity
590:There are organizations of
340:separated in two after the
332:Much earlier, the earliest
222:Evangelical Orthodox Church
214:Orthodox Anglican Communion
186:Proto-orthodox Christianity
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1462:Edinburgh University Press
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334:Oriental Orthodox Churches
194:Oriental Orthodox Churches
183:
131:
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44:Oriental Orthodox Churches
29:
974:Eastern Catholic Churches
585:Ancient Egyptian religion
338:Chalcedonian Christianity
294:nontrinitarian Christians
1140:Houghton-Mifflin Company
984:Four Marks of the Church
874:Orthodoxy is opposed to
831:facilitated the gradual
307:Catholic Church and the
202:Protestant scholasticism
1522:British Medical Journal
1485:, and so 'innovation'."
1384:Dictionary of Terrorism
969:Chalcedonian Definition
562:Modern Orthodox Judaism
309:Eastern Orthodox Church
218:African Orthodox Church
40:Eastern Orthodox Church
1821:Quotations related to
1291:Cite journal requires
1235:Willem J. van Asselt,
989:Heresy in Christianity
880:('other teaching') or
829:development of writing
598:Non-religious contexts
235:
198:Western Rite Orthodoxy
46:. For other uses, see
1844:Religious terminology
1498:. The House of Netjer
1079:www.perseus.tufts.edu
575:is a denomination of
395:of opposing parties.
276:Eusebius of Nicomedia
229:
1456:Burton, John. 1996.
979:Eastern Christianity
739:Scientific orthodoxy
723:Political orthodoxy
626:improve this article
540:biblical Mount Sinai
370:Age of Enlightenment
342:Council of Chalcedon
1014:Nicene Christianity
955:Christianity portal
592:Slavic Native Faith
581:Egyptian polytheism
416:Counter-Reformation
385:Counter-Reformation
299:Following the 1054
248:ecumenical councils
89:ecumenical councils
1703:(1 October 2008).
1561:theologia perennis
1481:, the contrary of
1363:www.britannica.com
1339:www.britannica.com
1268:10.1111/rirt.13458
1004:Lutheran orthodoxy
796:. You can help by
742:Artistic orthodoxy
736:Economic orthodoxy
356:Lutheran orthodoxy
286:Council of Ephesus
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210:Reformed orthodoxy
206:Lutheran orthodoxy
103:Oriental Orthodoxy
1468:, especially the
1443:978-0-8054-1829-3
1393:978-1-135-16595-6
1158:Access to Insight
1098:Harper, Douglas.
1044:Radical orthodoxy
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573:Kemetic Orthodoxy
468:authority of the
412:Roman Catholicism
381:Roman Catholicism
368:and ended at the
230:Adherence to the
190:Eastern Orthodoxy
112:are often called
99:Eastern Orthodoxy
83:Orthodoxy within
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1677:17 November
1639:17 November
1601:17 November
1553:17 November
1100:"orthodoxy"
964:Catholicism
896:schismatics
860:McCarthyism
835:of written
822:world-views
777:Development
641:"Orthodoxy"
487:Sunni Islam
482:Sunni Islam
405:Lutheranism
360:Lutheranism
303:, both the
18:Orthodoxies
1833:Categories
1565:Konfession
1368:2023-08-13
1344:2023-08-13
1320:2020-07-07
1315:altlib.org
1165:2018-03-14
1138:(4th ed.)
1111:2016-01-27
1084:2019-12-03
1056:References
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256:Athanasius
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1061:Citations
901:adiaphora
848:pluralism
844:Abrahamic
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165:tripiṭaka
152:Theravada
134:Theravada
123:Religions
93:Antiquity
63:ὀρθοδοξία
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941:See also
925:theology
892:doctrine
771:orthodox
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747:medicine
577:Kemetism
536:revealed
428:Hinduism
422:Hinduism
393:polemics
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240:orthodox
156:Buddhism
144:dogmatic
128:Buddhism
78:religion
48:Orthodox
1738:Sources
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888:deviate
666:scholar
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