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1316:, "embedded" with the New South Wales Lancers. Paterson states that Cronjé had decided on the previous night to surrender at 6am on 27 February as his supplies were exhausted, but when the Canadians attacked at 4 am – The Maritimes of Companies G and H were led by Lieutenant Otter – he refused to be hurried and fought for two hours at a cost to the Canadians of "15 or 20 shot and many more wounded", then surrendered at 6 am as planned, and with some considerable degree of dignity. This account differs slightly in detail from that above and deserves to be noted, describing as it does the role of the Australians in the early part of the battle on 22 February.
1163:"Kitchener's Horse" (volunteer British colonists). De Wet was therefore able to take the kopje with little resistance. The strategic picture had now changed dramatically. De Wet could now make the British position on the south east bank of the Modder untenable, and the Boers now commanded a swathe of front stretching from the north east right through to the south east. As darkness fell, Kitchener ordered his troops to dig in where they were. Few received these orders and fewer still obeyed them. Desperately thirsty and exhausted, the surviving British trickled back into camp. Rescue for Cronjé now seemed the likely outcome.
1155:
1083:'s 6th Division at the Modder fords. Throughout the next day, the Boer mounted rearguards prevented the British 6th Division (with only one understrength mounted infantry unit) overtaking them. On the 17th, the large convoy of Boer wagons reached the crossing of the Modder at Paardeberg Drift. They were starting to cross the river when a force of 1,500 British mounted troops, almost all of French's fit horses and men who had covered the 40 miles (64 km) from Kimberley in another desperately tiring march, opened fire on them unexpectedly from the north, causing confusion.
1031:. The next day, 13 February, the British mounted force made a gruelling march of 30 miles (48 km) under a blazing sun to capture fords across the Modder. The effect of the heat was made worse when the dry grass of the veld caught fire from a carelessly discarded match. French's division had to wait at the fords (at Klip Drift) during the next day until the leading infantry reached them, after making an equally exhausting march. Luckily for the British, the move had taken the Boers by surprise and they did not move in strength to defend the fords or the hills nearby.
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1236:(now The Royal Canadian Regiment), having lost more than seventy soldiers in an earlier charge against sheltered Boer positions, were again called to take the lead in the routine daily battalion rotation. Instead of another charge the next morning as was expected, the Canadians, with the help of Royal Engineers, advanced at night towards the Boer camp, then set about digging trenches on high ground 65 yards or 89 meter by another estimate away from the Boer lines.
1255:(Translation) That general Piet Cronjé surrendered on Majuba Day was not his fault, and the small group of women and children in his encampment had nothing to do with it. In order to understand his capitulation, it is essential to understand two things well: the first is that his approximately 4,000 infantry who had only 5 cannons, were trapped by a superior force of approximately 40,000 soldiers with 100 cannons, and that he was also cut off from De Wet's
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wagons had no trenches in which to shelter. Many wagons were destroyed. Ammunition exploded and stores were ruined. For many of the Boers, these wagons carried all their worldly possessions. The loss of their horses was even worse, for the horse was almost as important to the fighting ability of a Boer as his Mauser rifle. The morale in Cronjé's laager was desperate.
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this time. The
British were shot down in droves. It is thought that not a single British soldier got within 200 yards (180 m) of the Boer lines. By nightfall on 18 February, some 24 officers and 279 men were killed and 59 officers and 847 men wounded. Judged by British casualties it was the most severe reverse of the war and became known as
1239:
On
Tuesday 27 February 1900, the Boers woke up staring into the muzzles of Canadian rifles and some Boer commanders flew white flags as a sign of surrender. Cronjé could not continue without the support of his army and surrendered with some 4,019 men and 50 women; around 10% of the Boers' entire army
1166:
But seen from the Boer side, things were also bad. Cronjé and his men had been in headlong retreat for several days with the
British snapping at their heels. While casualties from the bombardment had been reduced to around 100 dead and 250 wounded by the soft bank of the Modder, the horses, oxen and
1115:
Lieutenant
General Kelly-Kenny, commanding the British 6th Division, had a sound plan to lay siege to Cronjé and bombard his force into surrender. This would almost certainly have proved successful and cost the British very few casualties. Roberts was ill however, and his chief of staff, Lieutenant
1191:
The following day
Roberts and Kitchener again planned to launch more assaults, but were firmly resisted by the other British senior officers. By 21 February, Roberts was intent on withdrawing, but to do so would have allowed Cronjé to escape. The Boers withdrew first – De Wet, faced with an entire
1187:
As the sun came up on the morning of Monday, 19 February, General
Roberts arrived on the scene. He initially urged a resumption of the frontal assaults, but Cronjé requested a cease-fire to bury the dead. The British refused and Cronjé replied "If you are so uncharitable as to refuse me a truce as
1146:
Kitchener proceeded to order his infantry and mounted troops into a series of uncoordinated frontal assaults against the Boer laager. This was despite the fact that the cost of frontal assaults against entrenched Boers had been demonstrated time and again the preceding months. It was no different
1034:
Early on 15 February, French's division began the final march to relieve
Kimberley. Only scattered and disorganised Boers opposed them, and the enormous mass of British horsemen broke through their thin line, concealed in the dust cloud they created. Late that evening they reached Kimberley, where
980:
and Modder rivers on 11 February 1900. He intended to outflank the Boer left and pass his cavalry around them to relieve
Kimberley, while his infantry secured vital fords behind them. Roberts had two infantry divisions (the 6th and the 7th) each of two infantry brigades, and a mounted division of
1231:
For three days, Cronjé's men had not taken advantage of the opportunity to escape provided by De Wet, who resisted the attacks by
Roberts. On Wednesday 21 February 1900 De Wet finally abandoned the hill called Kitchener's Kopje, only two hours before Roberts had planned to give up and retire his
1086:
Cronjé then inadvisedly decided to form a laager and dig in on the banks of the Modder river. His reasons for doing so are unclear because the
British had insufficient cavalry and it would therefore have been an easy matter for Cronjé to brush them aside and link up with other Boers east of the
1046:
The final day's ride had crippled most of French's division. Most of his British regular cavalry carried too much equipment and their unacclimatised horses (and those of the seven batteries of horse artillery) were exhausted. His effective force was reduced to two regiments of New Zealand and
1162:
Kelly-Kenny had warned Kitchener not to leave "Kitchener's Kopje" undefended. Possession of the kopje was essential to guard the south-east of the British position and prevent Cronjé's escape. But Kitchener, in his zeal for an all-out attack, had left the kopje defended by only a handful of
881:, whose cavalry had recently outflanked the Boer position to relieve Kimberley. Cronjé's slow-moving column was intercepted by French at Paardeberg, where the Boer general eventually surrendered after a prolonged siege, having fought off an attempted direct assault by Lieutenant General
1026:
marched 20 miles (32 km) westward to Koedoesberg and fixed the Boers' attention to their right flank, Roberts's large force began marching east in secret, late on 11 February. By the evening of 12 February, his leading horsemen had secured fords across the first obstacle, the
1098:
In any event, Cronje’s pause allowed the British to assemble a force of 15,000 men that significantly outnumbered Cronje and that enjoyed overwhelming superiority in artillery. All the British then had to do was lay siege to the Boer position and bombard them at their leisure.
916:
where, in contrast to the situation elsewhere, the Boers were being driven back by a roughly equal British force. Cronjé's remaining forces were weakened by lack of grazing for their horses. Many of the Boer fighters' families joined Cronjé's main encampment at
1196:'s Boer forces, which might have supported De Wet, had been left without direction after Ferreira was accidentally shot dead by one of his own sentries. Cronjé had inexplicably refused to abandon his laager. Now De Wet had to abandon Cronjé.
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to these two capital cities as his line of communication. Also like Buller, he found on arrival in South Africa that public opinion both in Britain and South Africa was clamouring for the relief of British forces besieged at
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For two decades afterwards, Canadians would gather on 27 February (known in Canada as "Paardeberg Day") around memorials to the South African War to say prayers and honour veterans. This continued until the end of the
1264:
Johan Hendrik Breytenbach, Die Geskiedenis van die Tweede Vryheidsoorlog in Suid-Afrika, 1899–1902. Deel IV. Die Boereterugtog uit Kaapland (1974). Hoofstuk XVII. Die oorgawe van Genl. Cronjé. 7. Konklusie, p. 427. In
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troops to Klipkraal Drift west of Paardeberg. The British were mightily relieved by De Wet's unexpected move and there was no more talk of them retiring. On the last night of the battle, 26 February, the
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requested, then you may do as you please. I shall not surrender alive. Bombard as you will". The truce communications had taken up much of the day and there was no time for any more assaults.
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Leaving Buller in command of the attempt to relieve Ladysmith, Roberts collected large numbers of reinforcements which had recently arrived in South Africa along the railway line between the
1079:, which had turned west from Klip Drift. On the night of the 15th, the large convoy of Boer ox-wagons passed between the rear of French's division and the outposts of Lieutenant General
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Australian light horse, and two "brigades" (actually battalions) of mounted infantry. French was to further tire his men on 16 February by futile attempts to intercept one of the Boers'
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921:. The inclusion with Cronje’s forces of large numbers of non-combatants with their slow-moving ox-drawn wagons would later prove to be a significant handicap to him.
1075:. Their position at Magersfontein was no longer relevant and they were in danger of being besieged in Jacobsdal by the British 7th Division under Lieutenant General
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Cronjé's encampment was subjected to an increasingly heavy artillery bombardment, as more guns (including a battery of 5-inch medium howitzers and another of
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they were greeted with cheering crowds. French should by rights have gone to the military commander of the besieged garrison, Lieutenant Colonel
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1269:. (Translated title: The History of the Second War of Independence in South Africa, 1899–1902. Vol. IV. The Boer retreat from the Cape Colony.)
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219:
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1616:]. Die Geskiedenis van die Tweede Vryheidsoorlog in Suid-Afrika, 1899–1902 (in Afrikaans). Vol. IV. Pretoria: Die Staatsdrukker.
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during the Second Boer War. The gun was one of several artillery pieces used to bombard Boer positions during the Battle of Paardeberg.
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British division who might be reinforced at any time, and fearing for his men's safety, withdrew his commandos from the south east.
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1203:) joined the besieging British forces. Almost every horse, mule and ox was killed, and the stench and flies became unbearable.
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Over the next two months, the front south of Kimberley stagnated. A substantial Boer detachment under De la Rey was sent to
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Also on 15 February, Cronjé's men, some 5,000 Transvaalers and Freestaters, finally evacuated their camp at
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had been appointed to command the British forces in South Africa in December 1899, succeeding General
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and the surrender at Paardeberg constituted the first major British victory in the war. In historian
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1142:. British mounted infantry are depicted below, with Boer positions seen further in the background.
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While Methuen's 1st Division demonstrated against the Boer entrenchments at Magersfontein and the
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were only 30 miles (48 km) away to the south-east and other forces under Chief Commandant
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French received orders from Lord Roberts to intercept the Boers with 1,200 mounted infantry (
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had joined the Queensland Mounted Infantry in dispersing a Boer commando at Sunnyside and
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The account of this battle and of Cronjé's surrender is given in much greater depth by
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Like Buller, Roberts at first intended to make a direct thrust on the Boer capitals of
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1248:'s words: "Cronjé's blunders had outmatched Kitchener's and Roberts's after all."
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advanced up the railway line in November 1899 with the objective of relieving the
1664:, London: Cardinal, 1979. ISBN 0 7474 0976 5. Abacus, 1992. ISBN 0 349 10466 2.
1111:
Sketch map of the Paardeberg positions by Boer general Christiaan de Wet, 1902.
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were now prisoners. 27 February 1900 marked the nineteenth anniversary of the
1028:
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before the advance was halted for two months after the British defeat at the
100:
86:
1881:
Martin Marais, (2014) ''The Battle of Paardeberg: The Lord Roberts' Gambit''
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An earlier British attempt to relieve Kimberley, led by Lieutenant General
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assumed personal command of a significantly reinforced British offensive.
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outside the British encirclement line by a completely unfordable river.
1547:
797:("Horse Mountain", 18–27 February 1900) was a major battle during the
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901:. Although the Boers had failed to prevent the British crossing the
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985:. Another infantry division (the 9th, under Lieutenant General
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56:
Sketch depicting British and Boer positions at Paardeberg Drift
1633:
Four-War Boer: The Century and Life of Pieter Arnoldus Krueler
1007:
Cavalry from Major-General John French's division crosses the
905:
on 28 November, they had fought them to a standstill at the
1666:
Chapter 28. Gone to Earth. Paardeberg , 17–27 February 1900
1051:(nicknamed "Long Tom") which was withdrawing to the north.
877:
after its lines of communication were cut by Major General
1624:
From the Front, AB Paterson's Dispatches from the Boer War
1251:
South African government historian Breytenbach disagreed:
842:, also under siege). Battles were fought on this front at
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The Boer War marked the first overseas deployment of the
1287:
receives the surrender of General Cronjé on 27 February
1412:
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depicting the Boer surrender at Paardeberg, with the
1520:
1442:
1158:Canadian Troops preparing for attack at Paardeberg
1067:, commander of the Boer forces at Paardeberg Drift
909:thirteen days later, inflicting heavy casualties.
1253:
1227:depicted in the foreground of the bronze panel.
869:was retreating from its entrenched position at
36:
1698:National Boer War Memorial Association Inc ABN
1319:Two British soldiers were awarded posthumous
897:, had been opposed by Boers under Cronjé and
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368:
8:
1505:
1138:British forces assaulting Boer positions on
330:
1791:"Battle of Paardeberg, 18–27 February 1900"
1562:
1457:
1810:"South African War – Battle of Paardeberg"
1694:"Battle of Paardeberg 17–27 February 1900"
698:
684:
676:
375:
361:
353:
33:
1865:Goodbye Dolly Grey: Story of the Boer War
1631:Heaton, Colin; Lewis, Anne-Marie (2014).
1795:Military History Encyclopedia on the Web
1574:
937:. Roberts had just learned that his son
1751:"Second Boer War: Battle of Paardeberg"
1731:"Paardeberg: The First Remembrance Day"
1429:
1416:
1401:
1389:
1353:) began to be observed on 11 November.
1330:, Yorkshire Regiment, 18 February 1900.
1549:National Boer War Memorial Association
1535:
1095:were a similar distance to the north.
956:, using the central railway line from
1710:"Battle of Paardeberg – The Boer War"
1614:The Boer retreat from the Cape Colony
7:
1938:History of the Free State (province)
1586:
1441:For the Order of Battle – see also:
1087:Modder. Boers under noted commander
973:and was forced to modify his plans.
1838:Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan. “19”,
1749:Hickman, Kennedy (3 January 2009).
1336:, Essex Regiment, 18 February 1900.
1297:Royal Canadian Regiment of Infantry
1234:Royal Canadian Regiment of Infantry
1225:Royal Canadian Regiment of Infantry
981:three brigades under Major General
854:. In February 1900, Field Marshal
1769:Miller, Carman (31 January 2001).
1368:Bombardment in the Second Boer War
1054:
989:) was formed during the campaign.
27:1900 battle of the Second Boer War
25:
1729:Foot, Richard (31 January 2001).
1622:Droogleever, R.W.F., ed. (2000).
1618:. Chapters XII–XVII, pp. 255–430.
941:had been mortally wounded at the
1662:George Weidenfeld & Nicolson
1378:Military history of South Africa
1303:in the Western Cape in January.
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50:
1923:Battles of the Second Boer War
1688:. 8 August 1902. p. 5085.
1610:Die Boereterugtog uit Kaapland
1487:Breytenbach 1977, pp. 419–430.
1478:Breytenbach 1977, pp. 415–419.
1:
1943:1900 in the Orange Free State
1295:. The Toronto company of the
1049:Creusot 40-pounder siege guns
1039:. Instead he called first on
1852:Hillegas, Howard C. (1900).
1310:, war correspondent for the
822:Letsemeng Local Municipality
1858:. London: Methuen & Co.
1608:Breytenbach, J. H. (1977).
1469:Pakenham 1992, pp. 341–342.
1055:Cronjé's move to Paardeberg
1969:
1789:Rickard, J. (March 2007).
1626:. Pan MacMillan Australia.
1217:South African War Memorial
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1775:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1735:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1275:Aftermath and remembrance
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317:
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195:
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49:
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1933:Kimberley, Northern Cape
1928:Battles involving Canada
1885:Rayner, Michael (2006).
1242:British defeat at Majuba
1953:Royal Canadian Regiment
1867:. New English Library.
1458:Heaton & Lewis 2014
1179:British crew manning a
907:Battle of Magersfontein
852:Battle of Magersfontein
707:Orange Free State Front
1863:Kruger, Rayne (1964).
1771:"Battle of Paardeberg"
1496:Pakenham 1992, p. 342.
1363:Battle of Poplar Grove
1288:
1272:
1228:
1184:
1159:
1143:
1112:
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311:350 killed and wounded
196:Commanders and leaders
178:South African Republic
1704:on 23 September 2015.
1635:. Casemate. pp.
1313:Sydney Morning Herald
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987:Henry Edward Colville
801:. It was fought near
799:Second Anglo-Boer War
301:Casualties and losses
101:28.99083°S 25.07528°E
1948:February 1900 events
1855:With the Boer Forces
1201:1-pounder "pom-poms"
1181:QF 1-pounder pom-pom
1130:Bloody Sunday (1900)
1022:under Major General
808:on the banks of the
791:Battle of Paardeberg
343:Battle of Paardeberg
340:class=notpageimage|
253:William Dillon Otter
112:Battle of Paardeberg
37:Battle of Paardeberg
1889:. Struik. pp.
1575:Gazette & 27462
993:Relief of Kimberley
106:-28.99083; 25.07528
96: /
68:18–27 February 1900
1841:The Great Boer War
1816:. 2 September 2005
1714:BritishBattles.com
1685:The London Gazette
1522:BritishBattles.com
1444:BritishBattles.com
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1081:Thomas Kelly-Kenny
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999:Siege of Kimberley
836:Siege of Kimberley
541:Pretoria Offensive
242:Thomas Kelly-Kenny
77:Paardeberg Drift,
1918:Conflicts in 1900
1846:Project Gutenberg
1646:978-1-61200-175-3
1460:, pp. 68–69.
1373:Douglas Monypenny
1118:Herbert Kitchener
1093:Ignatius Ferreira
1089:Christiaan De Wet
1013:relieve Kimberley
943:Battle of Colenso
883:Herbert Kitchener
838:(and the town of
814:Orange Free State
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220:Herbert Kitchener
209:Frederick Roberts
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1343:First World War
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1328:Alfred Atkinson
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1271:
1263:
1246:Thomas Pakenham
1209:
1173:
1132:
1126:
1105:
1057:
1001:
995:
927:
891:
787:
786:
785:
780:
709:
706:
704:
674:
669:
613:Hartbeesfontein
536:Veertien Strome
390:
386:Second Boer War
385:
383:
381:
347:
346:
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336:
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183:
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128:British victory
111:
109:
105:
103:
99:
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87:
85:
83:
82:
81:
55:
44:Second Boer War
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1966:
1964:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1899:
1882:
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1860:
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1835:
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1806:
1786:
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1746:
1726:
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1669:
1668:, pp. 330–342.
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1381:
1380:
1375:
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1365:
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1349:(later called
1338:
1337:
1331:
1308:Banjo Paterson
1283:Field Marshal
1276:
1273:
1261:
1208:
1207:Boer surrender
1205:
1172:
1169:
1128:Main article:
1125:
1122:
1104:
1101:
1077:Charles Tucker
1056:
1053:
997:Main article:
994:
991:
929:Field Marshal
926:
923:
899:Koos de la Rey
890:
887:
782:
781:
779:
774:
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739:
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508:
506:Tugela Heights
503:
502:
501:
491:
486:
475:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
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439:
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429:
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372:
365:
357:
349:
348:
338:
337:
328:
327:
321:
320:
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318:
315:
314:
313:4,019 captured
309:
303:
302:
298:
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294:
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289:
285:
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198:
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167:
152:United Kingdom
139:
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121:
76:
74:
70:
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58:
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47:
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39:
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32:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1965:
1954:
1951:
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1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
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1916:
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1913:
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1900:1-77007-417-1
1896:
1892:
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1874:0-7126-6285-5
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1347:Armistice Day
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1293:Canadian Army
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1194:Naas Ferreira
1189:
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1149:Bloody Sunday
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1140:Bloody Sunday
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1124:Bloody Sunday
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922:
920:
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871:Magersfontein
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768:
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737:Magersfontein
735:
733:
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728:
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723:
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634:
631:
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608:Middelfontein
606:
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517:
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512:
511:3rd Ladysmith
509:
507:
504:
500:
499:Bloody Sunday
497:
496:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
480:
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473:
470:
468:
467:Magersfontein
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
442:Willow Grange
440:
438:
435:
433:
432:2nd Ladysmith
430:
428:
427:1st Ladysmith
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
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378:
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366:
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341:
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316:
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305:
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271:
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168:
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153:
141:
140:
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127:
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118:
80:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
53:
48:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
1887:Battlefields
1886:
1864:
1854:
1839:
1818:. Retrieved
1814:WarMuseum.ca
1813:
1798:. Retrieved
1794:
1778:. Retrieved
1774:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:
1718:. Retrieved
1713:
1702:the original
1697:
1683:
1665:
1658:The Boer War
1657:
1632:
1623:
1613:
1609:
1582:
1570:
1558:
1548:
1543:
1531:
1521:
1516:
1507:WarMuseum.ca
1506:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1453:
1443:
1437:
1430:Rickard 2007
1424:
1417:Rickard 2007
1402:Hickman 2009
1339:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1290:
1254:
1250:
1238:
1230:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1165:
1161:
1145:
1114:
1097:
1085:
1070:
1045:
1041:Cecil Rhodes
1033:
1017:
1009:Modder River
975:
950:Bloemfontein
947:
928:
911:
903:Modder River
895:Lord Methuen
892:
875:Bloemfontein
861:The army of
860:
856:Lord Roberts
848:Modder River
832:Lord Methuen
830:
810:Modder River
802:
794:
790:
788:
757:Sanna's Post
747:Poplar Grove
741:
732:Modder River
660:Hart's River
648:
647:
623:Duivelskloof
601:
600:
591:Nooitgedacht
586:Leliefontein
581:Rhenosterkop
556:Diamond Hill
526:Sanna's Post
516:Poplar Grove
493:
477:
476:
457:Modder River
422:Elandslaagte
396:
137:Belligerents
29:
1680:"No. 27462"
1536:Miller 2001
1065:Piet Cronjé
983:John French
879:John French
867:Piet Cronjé
846:, Belmont,
803:Paardeberg
752:Driefontein
638:Bakenlaagte
551:Faber's Put
521:Driefontein
489:Vaal Krantz
417:Talana Hill
308:942 wounded
265:Piet Cronjé
231:John French
104: /
1912:Categories
1820:24 October
1800:24 October
1780:24 October
1740:24 October
1597:References
1029:Riet River
889:Background
826:Free State
767:Zand River
742:Paardeberg
618:Groenkloof
576:Bothaville
494:Paardeberg
306:348 killed
293:15,000 men
110: (
91:25°04′31″E
88:28°59′27″S
1755:ThoughtCo
1587:Foot 2001
1384:Footnotes
1267:Afrikaans
1073:Jacobsdal
967:Kimberley
963:Ladysmith
958:Cape Town
919:Jacobsdal
914:Colesberg
818:Kimberley
795:Perdeberg
717:Kimberley
655:Tweebosch
571:Bergendal
484:Spion Kop
462:Stormberg
437:Chieveley
412:Kimberley
296:7,000 men
18:Perdeberg
1760:28 March
1720:28 March
1673:Websites
1357:See also
1262:—
1257:burghers
1116:General
1063:General
1037:Kekewich
971:Mafeking
954:Pretoria
873:towards
865:General
840:Mafeking
820:(now in
777:Groenkop
643:Groenkop
596:Helvetia
561:Witpoort
546:Doornkop
407:Mafeking
402:Kraaipan
288:Strength
73:Location
42:Part of
1345:, when
1301:Belmont
1285:Roberts
1221:Halifax
931:Roberts
844:Graspan
812:in the
727:Graspan
722:Belmont
665:Rooiwal
472:Colenso
452:Graspan
447:Belmont
1897:
1871:
1716:. 2015
1643:
1103:Battle
978:Orange
939:Freddy
935:Buller
762:Boshof
531:Boshof
267:
187:
175:
165:Canada
162:
149:
125:Result
1893:–95.
1639:–69.
1612:[
1602:Books
1171:Siege
816:near
805:Drift
1895:ISBN
1869:ISBN
1822:2017
1802:2017
1782:2017
1762:2023
1742:2017
1722:2023
1641:ISBN
1551:2012
1524:2015
1509:2005
1446:2015
1215:The
969:and
952:and
863:Boer
789:The
649:1902
602:1901
478:1900
397:1899
65:Date
1844:at
1219:in
828:).
793:or
1914::
1891:92
1812:.
1793:.
1773:.
1753:.
1733:.
1712:.
1696:.
1682:.
1660:,
1656:,
1637:68
1432:).
1409:^
1392:^
1323::
1151:.
965:,
945:.
885:.
824:,
1903:.
1877:.
1824:.
1804:.
1784:.
1764:.
1744:.
1724:.
1649:.
1589:.
1565:.
1553:.
1538:.
1526:.
1511:.
1448:.
1419:.
1404:.
699:e
692:t
685:v
376:e
369:t
362:v
114:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
