718:, put between quotation marks; in doing so it can break with every given context, engendering an infinity of new contexts in a manner which is absolutely illimitable. This does not imply that the mark is valid outside of a context, but on the contrary that there are only contexts without any center or absolute anchorage . This citationality, this duplication or duplicity, this iterability of the mark is neither an accident nor an anomaly, it is that (normal/abnormal) without which a mark could not even have a function called "normal." What would a mark be that could not be cited? Or one whose origins would not get lost along the way?
745:. Though Searle largely supports and agrees with Austin's theory of speech acts, he has a number of critiques, which he outlines: "In sum, there are (at least) six related difficulties with Austin's taxonomy; in ascending order of importance: there is a persistent confusion between verbs and acts, not all the verbs are illocutionary verbs, there is too much overlap of the categories, too much heterogeneity within the categories, many of the verbs listed in the categories don't satisfy the definition given for the category and, most important, there is no consistent principle of classification."
863:' or regulated improvisation, in a reaction against the structuralist notion of culture as a system of rules (Bourdieu 1972). Culture in his perspective undergoes a shift from 'a productive to a reproductive social order in which simulations and models constitute the world so that the distinction between real and appearance becomes erased'. Though Bourdieu himself does not often employ the term 'performance', the notion of the bodily habitus as a formative site has been a source of inspiration for performance theorists.
895:. It is a 'theory of practices' that focuses on repetitive ways of expression, such as speech and gestures. As opposed to representational theory, it argues that human conduct is a result of linguistic interplay rather than of codes and symbols that are consciously planned. Non-representational theory interprets actions and events, such as dance or theatre, as actualisations of knowledge. It also intends to shift the focus away from the technical aspects of representation, to the practice itself.
1072:
improvisation. Another problem involves the discrepancy between performance as a human activity that constructs culture (e.g. Butler and
Derrida) on the one hand and performance as a representation of culture on the other (e.g. Bourdieu and Schechner). Another issue, important to pioneers such as Austin but now deemed irrelevant by postmodernism, concerns the sincerity of the actor. Can performance be authentic, or is it a product of pretence?
108:. This view of performativity reverses the idea that a person's identity is the source of their secondary actions (speech, gestures). Instead, it views actions, behaviors, and gestures as both the result of an individual's identity as well as a source that contributes to the formation of one's identity which is continuously being redefined through speech acts and symbolic communication. This view was also influenced by philosophers such as
1043:, however, Friedrichs reportedly broke his own rule when he announced: "The gates of the wall are wide open." (âDie Tore in der Mauer stehen weit offen.â) In reality, the gates were still closed. According to a historian, it was this announcement that encouraged thousands of East Berliners to march towards the wall, finally forcing the border guards to open the gates. In the sense of performativity, Friedrichs's words became a reality.
4050:
4060:
568:
gender, as the self is not distinct from the categories which constitute it. According to Butler's theory, homosexuality and heterosexuality are not fixed categories. For Butler, a person is merely in a condition of "doing straightness" or "doing queerness," where these categories are not natural but historical and socially constititued.
551:
action and exhibit a certain level of power. Examples of these types of statements are declarations of ownership, baptisms, inaugurations, and legal sentences. Something that is key to performativity is repetition. The statements are not singular in nature or use and must be used consistently in order to exert power.
911:
Moreover, the performative turn has helped scholars to develop an awareness of the relations between everyday life and stage performances. For example, at conferences and lectures, on the street and in other places where people speak in public, performers tend to use techniques derived from the world
550:
The concept places emphasis on the manners by which identity is passed or brought to life through discourse. Performative acts are types of authoritative speech. This can only happen and be enforced through the law or norms of the society. These statements, just by speaking them, carry out a certain
252:
emphasized the link between social life and performance by stating that 'the theatre of performances is in public acts'. Within the performative turn, the dramaturgical model evolved from the classical concept of 'society as theatre' into a broader category that considers all culture as performance.
143:
Performance is an equivocal concept and for the purpose of analysis it is useful to distinguish between two senses of 'performance'. In the more formal sense, performance refers to a framed event. Performance in this sense is an enactment out of convention and tradition. Founder of the discipline of
846:
concept of "no doer behind the deed." This is to say that there is no self before the performance of the self, but rather that the performance has constitutive powers. This is how categories of the self for Judith Butler, such as gender, are seen as something that one "does," rather than something
151:
dubs this category 'is-performance'. In a weaker sense, performance refers to the informal scenarios of daily life, suggesting that everyday practices are 'performed'. Schechner called this the 'as-performance'. Generally the performative turn is concerned with the latter, although the two senses of
915:
Performance allows us to study nature and other apparently 'immovable' and 'objectified' elements of the human environment (e.g. architecture) as active agents, rather than only as passive objects. Thus, in recent decades environmental scholars have acknowledged the existence of a fluid interaction
841:
in which a performance of the self is repeated and dependent upon a social audience. In this way, these unfixed and precarious performances come to have the appearance of substance and continuity. A key theoretical point that was most radical in regards to theories of subjectivity and performance
722:
Derrida's stress on the citational dimension of performativity would be taken up by Judith Butler and other theorists. While he addressed the performativity of individual subject formation, Derrida also raised such questions as whether we can mark when the event of the
Russian revolution went awry,
220:
in the 1990s but is rooted in the 1940s and 1950s. Underlying the performative turn was the need to conceptualize how human practices relate to their contexts in a way that went beyond the traditional sociological methods that did not problematize representation. Instead of focusing solely on given
928:
In economics, the "performativity thesis" is the claim that the assumptions and models used by professionals and popularizers affect the phenomena they purport to describe; bringing the world more into line with theory. It also refers, more largely, to the idea of economic reality as a ceaselessly
748:
His last key departure from Austin lies in Searle's claim that four of his universal 'acts' do not need 'extra-linguistic' contexts to succeed. As opposed to Austin who thinks all illocutionary acts need extra-linguistic institutions, Searle disregards the necessity of context and replaces it with
649:
of postmodern knowledge and social bonds, that is, power. In contrast to the legitimation of modern knowledge through such grand narratives as
Progress, Revolution, and Liberation, performativity operates by system optimization or the calculation of input and outputs. In a footnote, Lyotard aligns
590:
Several criticisms have been raised regarding Butler's concept of performativity. The first is that the theory is individual in nature and does not take into consideration such factors as the space within which the performance occurs, the others involved, and how others might see or interpret what
657:
notion of language games to theorize how performativity governs the articulation, funding, and conduct of contemporary research and education, arguing that at bottom it involves the threat of terror: "be operational (that is commensurable) or disappear" (xxiv). While
Lyotard is highly critical of
84:
when he referred to a specific capacity: the capacity of speech and communication to act or to consummate an action. Austin differentiated this from constative language, which he defined as descriptive language that can be "evaluated as true or false". Common examples of performative language are
1071:
Despite cogent attempts at definition, the concept of performance continues to be plagued by ambiguities. Most pressing seems to be the paradox between performance as the consequence of following a script (cf. Schechners restored behaviour) and performance as a fluid activity with ample room for
816:
led to the beginning of performance studies as a separate discipline. Schechner defines performance as 'restored behaviour', to emphasize the symbolic and coded aspects of culture. Schechner understands performance as a continuum. Not everything is meant to be a performance, but everything, from
669:
cites
Lyotard to argue that the Left has largely abandoned revolutionary politics for human rights advocacy. The widespread adoption of performance reviews, organizational assessments, and learning outcomes by different social institutions worldwide has led social researchers to theorize "audit
594:
Another criticism is that Butler is not clear about the concept of subject. It has been said that in Butler's writings, the subject sometimes only exists tentatively, sometimes possesses a "real" existence, and other times is socially active. Also, some observe that the theory might be better
567:
which cite existing norms, analogous to a script. Butler sees gender not as an expression of what one is but as something that one does. The appearance of a gendered essence is merely a "performative accomplishment". Furthermore, they do not see it as socially imposed on a self that is prior to
313:
that a "performative utterance" cannot be said to be either true or false as a constative utterance might be: it can only be judged either "happy" or "infelicitous" depending upon whether the conditions required for its success have been met. In this sense, performativity is a function of the
1062:
is not an immediate performance; it is mediated, iterative and citational. In this way, video art raises questions of performativity. Additionally, video art frequently puts bodies and display, complicating borders, surfaces, embodiment, and boundaries and so indexing performativity.
221:
symbolic structures and texts, scholars stress the active, social construction of reality as well as the way that individual behaviour is determined by the context in which it occurs. Performance functions both as a metaphor and an analytical tool and thus provides a perspective for
501:. The conceptual shift became manifest in a methodology oriented towards culture as a dynamic phenomenon as well as in the focus on subjects of study that were neglected before, such as everyday life. For scholars, the concept of performance is a means to come to grips with
472:
Postmodern scholars argue that society itself both defines and constructs reality through experience, representation and performance. From the 1970s onwards, the concept of performance was integrated into a variety of theories in the humanities and social sciences, such as
705:
In "Signature, Event, Context," Derrida focused on Austin's privileging of speech and the accompanying presumptions of the presence of a speaker ("signature") and the bounding of a performative's force by an act or a context. In a passage that would become a touchstone of
693:
drew on Austin's theory of performative speech act while deconstructing its logocentric and phonocentric premises and reinscribing it within the operations of generalized writing. In contrast to structuralism's focus on linguistic form, Austin had introduced the
1949:
907:
Performance also provides a new registry of kinaesthetic effects, enabling a more conscientious observation of the moving body. The changing experience of movement, for example as a result of new technologies, has become an important subject of research.
322:
utterances perform actions, even apparently constative ones, Austin famously discarded the distinction between "performative" and "constative" utterances halfway through the lecture series that became the book and replaced it with a three-level framework:
233:
The origins of the performative turn can be traced back to two strands of theorizing about performance as a social category that surfaced in the 1940s and 1950s. The first strand is anthropological in origin and may be labelled the dramaturgical model.
445:
performativity as an ongoing project for transforming the way we may defineâand breakâboundaries to identity. Through her suggestion that shame is a potentially performative and transformational emotion, Sedgwick has also linked queer performativity to
972:, Brisset theorizes the idea of limits to performativity. To do this, Brisset considers that a theory, in order to be "performative", must become a convention. This requires conditions to be met. To take a convention status, a theory will have to:
2054:
571:"For Butler, the distinction between the personal and the political or between private and public is itself a fiction designed to support an oppressive status quo: our most personal acts are, in fact, continually being scripted by
606:
sociological analyses of gender and merely reinventing them in the concept of performativity. For example, A. I. Green argues that the work of
Kessler and McKenna (1978) and West and Zimmerman (1987) builds directly from
919:
The performative turn has provided additional tools to study everyday life. A household for example may be considered as a performance, in which the relation between wife and husband is a role play between two actors.
354:
For example, if a speech act is an attempt to distract someone, the illocutionary force is the attempt to distract and the perlocutionary effect is the actual distraction caused by the speech act in the interlocutor.
903:
Performance offers a tremendous interdisciplinary archive of social practices. It offers methods to study such phenomena as body art, ecological theatre, multimedia performance and other kinds of performance arts.
2494:
Bakhtin, Mikhail. "Discourse in the Novel", The dialogic imagination : four essays; edited by
Michael Holquist; translated by Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist Austin: University of Texas Press, c1981.
957:(Black-Scholes-Merton) has been successful empirically not because of the discovery of preexisting price regularities, but because participants used it to set option prices, so that it made itself true.
212:. The assumption is that all human practices are 'performed', so that any action at whatever moment or location can be seen as a public presentation of the self. This methodological approach entered the
296:
to situations where saying something was doing something, rather than simply reporting on or describing reality. The paradigmatic case here is speaking the words "I do". Austin did not use the word
272:
extended this concept to the broader field of speech act theory, where due attention is paid to the use and function of language. In the 1970s Searle engaged in polemics with postmodern philosopher
929:
provoked reality and of things such as performance indicators, valuation formulas, consumer tests, stock prices or financial contracts constituting what they refer to. This theory was developed by
268:', opposing the prevalent principle that declarative sentences are always statements that can be either true or false. Instead he argued that 'to say something is to do something'. In the 1960s
429:
Other uses of the notion of performativity in the social sciences include the daily behavior (or performance) of individuals based on social norms or habits. Philosopher and feminist theorist
543:. They describe performativity as "that reiterative power of discourse to produce the phenomena that it regulates and constrains." They have largely used this concept in their analysis of
964:. Brisset defends the idea that the notion of performativity used by Callonian and Latourian sociologists leads to an overly relativistic view of the social world. Drawing on the work of
650:
performativity with Austin's concept of performative speech act. Postmodern knowledge must not only report: it must do something and do it efficiently by maximizing input/output ratios.
1020:
In the study of management theories, performativity shows how actors use theories, how they produce effects on organizational practices and how these effects shape these practices.
470:. An influential current in modern thought, postmodernism is a radical reappraisal of the assumed certainty and objectivity of scientific efforts to represent and explain reality.
1017:
In management, the concept of performativity has also been mobilized, relying on its diverse conceptualizations (Austin, Barad, Barnes, Butler, Callon, Derrida, Lyotard, etc.).
2790:
1039:
once argued that a good journalist should never act in collusion with anything, not even with a good thing. In the evening of
November 9, 1989, the evening of the fall of the
654:
637:
238:(1945) expounded a 'dramatistic approach' to analyse the motives underlying such phenomena as communicative actions and the history of philosophy. Anthropologist
3012:
1055:
has related video to theories of performativity. Specifically, Muñoz looks at the 1996 documentary by Susana Aiken and Carlos
Aparicio, "The Transformation."
2637:
Dirksmeier, P & I. Helbrecht, 'Time, Non-representational Theory and the "Performative Turn"âTowards a New
Methodology in Qualitative Social Research',
2511:
Boldyrev, Ivan and Svetlova, Ekaterina. 2016. Enacting Dismal Science: New Perspectives on the Performativity of Economics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
879:' to stress the implication of the idea of performance that ' on different occasions or in different situations the same person behaves in different ways'.
825:
A related concept that emphasizes the political aspect of performance and its exercise of power is performativity. It is associated with philosopher and
426:
has argued that science and technology studies deemphasize the performativity of language in order to explore the performativity of matter (Barad 2003).
627:. These latter works are premised on the notion that gender does not precede but, rather, follows from practice, instantiated in micro-interaction.
244:
2839:
Oliver, Kelly. 2003. "What Is Transformative about the Performative? From Repetition to Working Through." In Ann Cahill and Jennifer Hansen, eds.,
4109:
2829:
McKenzie, Jon, Heike Roms, and C. J. Wan-ling. Wee. "Contesting Performance: Global Sites of Research." Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
1897:
MacKenzie, Donald; Millo, Yuval (2003). "Constructing a Market, Performing Theory: The Historical Sociology of a Financial Derivatives Exchange".
2434:
591:
they witness. It has also been argued that Butler overlooks the unplanned effects of the performance act and the contingencies surrounding it.
2893:
Rosaldo, Michele. 1980. The things we do with words: Ilongot speech acts and speech act theory in philosophy. Language in Society 11: 203â237.
4063:
3219:
2370:
1839:
1348:
422:, i.e. the extent to which economic science plays an important role not only in describing markets and economies, but also in framing them.
1812:
976:
Provide social actors with a representation of their social world allowing them to choose among several actions ("Empiricity" condition);
953:
and Yuval Millo on the social construction of financial markets. In a seminal article, they showed that the option pricing theory called
3260:
2885:
714:
Every sign, linguistic or nonlinguistic, spoken or written (in the current sense of this opposition), in a small or large unit, can be
26:
can function as a form of social action and have the effect of change. The concept has multiple applications in diverse fields such as
3179:
1620:
1595:
1023:
For instance, by building on Michel Callon's perspective, the concept of performativity has been mobilized to show how the concept of
812:. His interpretation of performance as non-artistic yet expressive social behaviour and his collaboration in 1985 with anthropologist
3005:
1865:
1438:
1286:
658:
performativity, he notes that it calls on researchers to explain not only the worth of their work but also the worth of that worth.
2391:
Carton, Guillaume (2020-02-03). "How Assemblages Change When Theories Become Performative: The case of the Blue Ocean Strategy".
1147:
330:(the actual words spoken, that which the linguists and linguistic philosophers of the day were mostly interested in analyzing)
4114:
3990:
403:
1883:
Enacting Dismal Science - New Perspectives on the Performativity of Economics | Ivan Boldyrev | Palgrave Macmillan
395:. Particularly in the work of feminists and queer theorists, performativity has played an important role in discussions of
4089:
3684:
3164:
2659:
2491:
Austin, J. L. 1970. "Performative Utterances." In Austin, "Philosophical Papers", 233â52. London: Oxford University Press.
1051:
Theories of performativity have extended across multiple disciplines and discussions. Notably, interdisciplinary theorist
93:
47:
1005:
for not using the concept of performativity in accordance with Austin's formulation. This point gave rise to a debate in
4084:
4053:
3565:
3487:
3204:
2998:
2449:
2867:
892:
733:
309:
85:
making promises, betting, performing a wedding ceremony, an umpire calling a foul, or a judge pronouncing a verdict.
379:
are among the scholars who have elaborated upon and contested aspects of Austin's account from the vantage point of
3265:
3159:
2816:
Membretti, Andrea. 2009. "Per un uso performativo delle immagini nella ricerca-azione sociale", Lo Squaderno n.12 (
474:
363:
Austin's account of performativity has been subject to extensive discussion in philosophy, literature, and beyond.
2703:
Goffman, Erving. 1976. "Gender Display" and "Gender Commercials." Gender Advertisements. New York: Harper and Row.
2251:"What Do We Mean by Performativity in Organizational and Management Theory? The Uses and Abuses of Performativity"
3867:
3644:
3057:
986:
Based on this framework, Brisset criticized the seminal work of MacKenzie and Millo on the performativity of the
969:
222:
2709:
Green, Adam Isaiah. 2007. "Queer Theory and Sociology: Locating the Subject and the Self in Sexuality Studies."
2706:
Goffman, Erving. 1983. "Frame Analysis of Talk." The Goffman Reader, Lemert and Branaman, eds., Blackwell, 1997.
2634:
Derrida, Jacques. 1971. "Signature, Event, Context", in Limited, inc., Evanston: Northwestern Univ. Press, 1988.
615:(1959) to deconstruct gender into moments of attribution and iteration in a continual social process of "doing"
4104:
3437:
1036:
2463:
1052:
987:
954:
642:
2592:
Callon, Michel. 1998. "Introduction: the Embeddedness of Economic Markets in Economics". In M. Callon (ed.),
2349:
Gond, Jean-Pascal; Carton, Guillaume (2022), Neesham, Cristina; Reihlen, Markus; Schoeneborn, Dennis (eds.),
3719:
872:
603:
490:
293:
101:
78:
2985:
2504:
Barad, Karen. 2003. "Posthumanist Performativity: Toward and Understanding of How Matter Comes to Matter."
2300:
3303:
3275:
3250:
3052:
1502:
1116:
1081:
950:
942:
540:
528:
265:
661:
Lyotard associated performativity with the rise of digital computers in the post-World War II period. In
414:
has proposed to shift from a "representational idiom" to a "performative idiom" in the study of science.
3946:
3902:
3401:
3214:
3062:
2185:
624:
514:
438:
376:
124:
Performance is a bodily practice that produces meaning. It is the presentation or 're-actualization' of
2010:
Brisset, Nicolas (2016-04-02). "Economics is not always performative: some limits for performativity".
979:
Indicate an option considered relevant when the agreement is generalised ("Self-fulfilling" condition);
2980:
276:, about the determinability of context and the nature of authorial intentions in a performative text.
3124:
2528:
Brickell, Chris. 2005. "Masculinities, Performativity, and Subversion: A Sociological Reappraisal."
4094:
3768:
3699:
3477:
3308:
3290:
3254:
3174:
3129:
3119:
3021:
2732:
The Reign of Anti-logos: Performance in Postmodernity (Palgrave Insights into Apocalypse Economics)
1544:
1106:
1024:
1006:
982:
Be compatible with all the conventions constituting the social environment ("Coherency" condition);
860:
797:
699:
304:
197:
145:
59:
2954:
The Making and Unmaking of the Haya Lived World: Consumption, Commodization, and Everyday Practise
2938:
Thrift, N. J., 'The still point: resistance, expressive embodiment and dance', in: Pile, S. (ed),
4099:
3941:
3659:
3616:
3585:
3575:
3535:
3393:
3373:
3234:
3194:
3189:
3114:
2718:
Spectacular Confession: Autobiography, Performative Activism and the Sites of Suffrage, 1905â1938
2416:
2331:
2281:
2129:
2082:
2035:
1977:
1930:
1922:
1780:
1318:
707:
575:
407:
165:
67:
35:
4026:
960:
The thesis of performativity of economics has been extensively criticized by Nicolas Brisset in
949:
edited by Ivan Boldyrev and Ekaterina Svetlova. The most important work in the field is that of
674:
559:
Butler explains gender as constructed by repeated acts. Acts that people come to perform in the
3778:
3755:
3745:
3679:
3560:
3495:
3229:
3134:
2408:
2366:
2323:
2301:"When Do Theories Become Self-Fulfilling? Exploring the Boundary Conditions of Performativity"
2273:
2231:
2177:
2173:
2121:
2074:
2027:
1969:
1914:
1861:
1835:
1808:
1616:
1591:
1564:
1522:
1483:
1419:
1344:
1282:
1259:
1111:
888:
805:
758:
494:
148:
256:
The second strand of theory concerns a development in the philosophy of language launched by
3831:
3808:
3798:
3621:
3570:
3467:
3323:
2781:
2582:
2400:
2358:
2315:
2265:
2221:
2113:
2066:
2019:
1961:
1906:
1772:
1556:
1514:
1475:
1411:
1399:
1155:
838:
834:
608:
599:
482:
411:
31:
2350:
1463:
681:, or the destabilizing, often paradoxical, introduction of difference into language games.
3982:
3962:
3936:
3910:
3803:
3793:
3773:
3505:
3472:
3363:
3348:
3199:
3184:
3104:
3083:
2817:
2751:
2667:
The Scandal of the Speaking Body: Don Juan With J.L. Austin, or Seduction in Two Languages
2198:
1366:"Performative Acts and Gender Constitution: An Essay in Phenomenology and Feminist Theory"
1303:
991:
856:
782:
766:
690:
532:
478:
454:(2003: 67â91), which is effectively the group contribution to the success or failure of a
368:
364:
273:
213:
209:
173:
125:
113:
109:
105:
1757:
136:, the concept of performance is generally used to highlight dynamic interactions between
242:
focussed on cultural expression in staged theatre and ritual. In his highly influential
4010:
3892:
3763:
3694:
3689:
3654:
3555:
3452:
3421:
3406:
3368:
3358:
3313:
2686:
1518:
1252:
1091:
1086:
1002:
770:
612:
384:
380:
249:
43:
2785:
2737:
Hymes, D., 'Breakthrough into performance', in: D. Ben-Amos and K.S. Goldstein (eds.)
1950:"Is Economics Performative? Option Theory and the Construction of Derivatives Markets"
4078:
4031:
4000:
3995:
3887:
3882:
3862:
3852:
3818:
3788:
3783:
3714:
3709:
3639:
3631:
3608:
3515:
3462:
3353:
3318:
3280:
3209:
3109:
3078:
2420:
2133:
2086:
2039:
1934:
1784:
1584:
1560:
1275:
1159:
930:
876:
842:
is that there is no performer behind the performance. Butler derived this idea from
830:
813:
786:
762:
524:
467:
447:
430:
415:
396:
372:
239:
235:
89:
51:
2644:
Dunn, R.G. 1997. "Self, Identity and Difference: Mead and the Poststructuralists."
2335:
2285:
1981:
1545:"Queer Theory and Sociology: Locating the Subject and the Self in Sexuality Studies"
3920:
3836:
3704:
3649:
3598:
3545:
3540:
3500:
3447:
3416:
3411:
3383:
3343:
3270:
3154:
3047:
2823:
2362:
965:
774:
742:
646:
502:
442:
392:
289:
257:
177:
137:
129:
81:
27:
2213:
2117:
2023:
152:
performance should be seen as ends of a spectrum rather than distinct categories.
2911:
2586:
1881:
450:. Also innovative in Sedgwick's discussion of the performative is what she calls
4005:
3972:
3967:
3915:
3877:
3872:
3857:
3826:
3740:
3550:
3520:
3510:
3457:
3442:
3378:
3042:
2101:
1675:
1654:
1636:
1101:
1096:
1040:
809:
778:
738:
710:
thought, Derrida stresses the citationality or iterability of any and all signs.
616:
536:
423:
269:
189:
185:
181:
133:
55:
3724:
3593:
3530:
3525:
3224:
2769:
2539:"On performativity: Option Theory and the Resistance of Financial Phenomena".
2070:
1965:
1926:
1855:
1776:
1415:
1121:
995:
620:
579:
455:
315:
285:
217:
201:
169:
97:
71:
2903:
Schieffelin, E., 'Problematising Performance', in: Hughes-Freeland, F., (ed)
2872:
Performative Linguistics: Speaking and Translating as Doing Things With Words
2826:. "Perform or Else: From Discipline to Performance." London: Routledge, 2001.
2412:
2404:
2327:
2277:
2249:
Gond, Jean-Pascal; Cabantous, Laure; Harding, Nancy; Learmonth, Mark (2016).
2235:
2172:
Guala, Francesco (2015-05-10). "Performativity Rationalized". Rochester, NY.
2125:
2078:
2031:
1973:
1918:
1568:
1526:
1487:
1479:
1423:
1365:
1319:"An audio overview of queer theory in English and Turkish by Jack Halberstam"
3298:
3169:
2836:. Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics. 1999.
2544:
2055:"On Performativity: Option Theory and the Resistance of Financial Phenomena"
1059:
843:
666:
572:
419:
205:
39:
2931:
Thrift, N. en J. Dewsbury, 'Dead geographies â and how to make them live',
2450:"Mary Elise Sarotte -- How an accident caused the Berlin Wall to come down"
2226:
1464:"Masculinities, Performativity, and Subversion: A Sociological Reappraisal"
2319:
817:
performing arts to politics and economics, can be studied as performance.
2250:
520:
498:
486:
466:
The performative turn is anchored in the broader cultural development of
388:
23:
1829:
2269:
801:
193:
63:
2990:
2669:. Translated by Catherine Porter. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
2153:
EPSA11 Perspectives and Foundational Problems in Philosophy of Science
808:, who applied the notion of performance to human behaviour beyond the
723:
thus scaling up the field of performativity to historical dimensions.
2521:
Burke, Peter, 'Performing history: the importance of occasions', in:
998:
to study economic models and their use in political power relations.
826:
544:
434:
128:
through living bodies as well as lifeless mediating objects, such as
2887:
Staging Places as Performances: Creative Strategies for Architecture
2148:
1058:
Although historically and theoretically related to performance art,
641:(1979, English translation 1986), philosopher and cultural theorist
2468:
Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics
1910:
1339:
Hall, Stuart (2008). "Who Needs Identity?". In Du Gay, Paul (ed.).
2551:
Economics and Performativity. Exploring limits,Theories and Cases.
2147:
MĂ€ki, Uskali (2013), Karakostas, Vassilios; Dieks, Dennis (eds.),
1680:
Expression and meaning : studies in the theory of speech acts
1659:
Expression and meaning : studies in the theory of speech acts
1641:
Expression and meaning : studies in the theory of speech acts
757:
The concept of performance has been developed by such scholars as
535:) reading of the notion of performativity, which has its roots in
1503:"Self, Identity, and Difference: Mead and the Poststructuralists"
1194:
Cultural Studies and Discourse Analysis â Barker & Galasinski
104:
that are performative, in that they serve to define and maintain
1831:
The Provoked Economy: Economic Reality and the Performative Turn
346:(the actual effect the speaker actually has on the interlocutor
2994:
2658:
Felluga, Dino. "Modules on Butler". Retrieved on 10/30/06 from
2435:"Zum JubilÀum - der schönste Fehler in 40 Jahren "Tagesthemen""
2102:"Models as speech acts: the telling case of financial models"
505:
and to better understand the way social life is constructed.
2698:
Performativity, Politics, and the Production of Social Space
433:
has used the concept of performativity in their analysis of
2860:
Porter, J.N., 'Review Postmodernism by Mike Featherstone',
2622:
Ghostlier Demarcations. Modern Poetry and the Material Word
140:
or between a social actor and their immediate environment.
2357:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1â25,
1807:. Milton Keynes: The Open University. 2010. p. 493.
1439:"Introduction to Judith Butler, Module on Performativity"
677:' call for consensus, Lyotard argued for legitimation by
595:
suited to literary analysis as opposed to social theory.
437:
development, as well as in analysis of political speech.
132:. In the academic field, as opposed to the domain of the
2804:
The Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism
891:
strand that has contributed to the performative turn is
2966:
West, Candace and Don Zimmerman. 1987. "Doing Gender."
2818:
http://www.losquaderno.professionaldreamers.net/?p=1101
2795:
Lloyd, Moya. 1999. "Performativity, Parody, Politics",
1615:. Evanston: Northwestern University Press. p. 12.
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1301:
This idea was first introduced in 1988 in an issue of
1277:
Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of "Sex"
741:
takes up and reformulates the ideas of his colleague
2681:
Negara: the Theatre State in Nineteenth-Century Bali
402:
The concept of performativity has also been used in
4019:
3981:
3955:
3929:
3901:
3845:
3817:
3754:
3733:
3672:
3630:
3607:
3584:
3486:
3430:
3392:
3336:
3289:
3243:
3147:
3097:
3071:
3035:
3028:
2912:
Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language
2558:
Bodies that Matter. On the Discursive Limits of Sex
2919:Touching Feeling: Affect, Pedagogy, Performativity
1583:
1274:
1251:
418:has proposed to study the performative aspects of
2696:Glass, Michael & Rose-Redwood, Reuben. 2014.
88:Influenced by Austin, gender studies philosopher
2855:The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science
2577:Butler, Judith. 2010. "Performative Agency", in
2565:Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative
2553:Routledge INEM Advances in Economic Methodology.
1586:The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge
1202:
1200:
645:defined performativity as the defining mode of
638:The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge
2629:The Cambridge Companion to Performance Studies
2506:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society
2299:Marti, Emilio; Gond, Jean-Pascal (July 2018).
2149:"Performativity: Saving Austin From Mackenzie"
1590:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
887:Within the social sciences and humanities, an
3006:
2933:Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
2723:Hall, Stuart. 2000. "Who Needs Identity?" In
2651:Farnell, B., 'Moving Bodies: acting selves',
2570:Butler, Judith. 2000. "Critically Queer", in
225:and analysing social and cultural phenomena.
8:
2848:Introduction: Performativity and Performance
2744:Ingold, T., 'The temporality of Landscape'.
1001:MacKenzie's approach was also criticized by
2761:Kessler, Suzanne, and Wendy McKenna. 1978.
2541:Journal of the History of Economic Thought.
2258:International Journal of Management Reviews
1670:
1668:
1141:
1139:
1137:
800:emerged through the work of, among others,
284:The term derives from the founding work in
3604:
3389:
3286:
3032:
3013:
2999:
2991:
2734:, London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
2613:Crane, M. T. 'What was performance?', in:
2218:Ćconomia. History, Methodology, Philosophy
2059:Journal of the History of Economic Thought
1954:Journal of the History of Economic Thought
698:of speech acts, which Derrida aligns with
555:Performance theory and gender perspectives
2914:". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2691:The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
2545:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1053837217000128
2225:
1661:. Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
245:The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
204:, performance is now often employed as a
1682:. Cambridge University Press. p. 7.
990:financial model. Drawing on the work of
663:Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945,
288:theory by ordinary language philosopher
2857:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2850:. Performativity and Performance. 1995.
2765:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2763:Gender: An Ethnomethodological Approach
2739:Folklore: Performance and Communication
1146:Cavanaugh, Jillian R. (10 March 2015).
1133:
945:, Fabian Muniesa and Lucia Siu, and in
196:and the relatively young discipline of
2676:. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
2194:
2183:
1027:transformed organizational practices.
670:culture" and "global performativity".
336:(what the speaker is attempting to do
2802:McKenzie, J., 'Performance studies',
2448:Sarotte, Mary Elise (November 2009).
1538:
1536:
1393:
1391:
1281:. New York: Routledge. pp. xii.
292:. In the 1950s, Austin gave the name
7:
2921:. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
2898:Performance Studies. An Introduction
2660:Modules on Butler II: Performativity
2617:43, afl. 2 (2001), pp. 169â187.
2601:Performance: A Critical Introduction
2355:Handbook of Philosophy of Management
937:, before being further developed in
200:. Previously used as a metaphor for
2879:Introducing Performative Pragmatics
598:Others criticize Butler for taking
2639:Forum: Qualitative Social Research
2053:Brisset, Nicolas (December 2017).
1519:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1997.tb00760.x
1400:"Performativity, Parody, Politics"
994:, Brisset also uses the notion of
264:he introduced the concept of the '
176:that affected such disciplines as
77:The concept is first described by
14:
2986:Performance and collective action
2881:. London and New York: Routledge.
2874:. London and New York: Routledge.
2567:. London and New York: Routledge.
2560:. London and New York: Routledge.
1543:Green, Adam Isaiah (March 2007).
753:Elaborations and related concepts
4058:
4049:
4048:
2942:(London 1997), pp. 125â151.
2907:(London 1998), pp. 194â207.
2525:9 afl. 1 (2005), pp. 35â52.
2516:Outlines of a Theory of Practice
2479:Bibliography and further reading
2351:"The Performativity of Theories"
1948:Mackenzie, Donald (March 2006).
1758:"The Performativity of Networks"
1561:10.1111/j.1467-9558.2007.00296.x
1343:. Identity. London: Sage Publ.
734:A Taxonomy of Illocutionary Acts
2926:Performance: Texts and Contexts
2212:Brisset, Nicolas (2017-09-01).
2106:Journal of Economic Methodology
2100:Brisset, Nicolas (2018-01-02).
2012:Journal of Economic Methodology
1582:Lyotard, Jean-Francois (1986).
1317:Halberstam, Jack (2014-05-16).
318:of language. Having shown that
4110:Science and technology studies
3261:Analyticâsynthetic distinction
2917:Sedgwick, Eve Kosovsky. 2003.
2890:(PhD, University of Cambridge)
2363:10.1007/978-3-319-48352-8_56-1
2214:"The Future of Performativity"
1501:Dunn, Robert G. (1997-09-01).
1160:10.1093/OBO/9780199766567-0114
404:science and technology studies
94:gender is socially constructed
1:
2834:Performing Disidentifications
2797:Theory, Culture & Society
2786:10.1016/S0271-5309(02)00043-5
2665:Felman, Shoshana. 1980/2003.
2653:Annual Review in Anthropology
2118:10.1080/1350178X.2018.1419105
2024:10.1080/1350178X.2016.1172805
1899:American Journal of Sociology
1765:European Journal of Sociology
1643:. Cambridge University Press.
1462:Brickell, Chris (July 2005).
1404:Theory, Culture & Society
726:
48:social construction of gender
2981:Performance and architecture
2935:18 (2000), pp. 411â432.
2884:Roudavski, Stanislav. 2008.
2774:Language & Communication
2756:Journal of American Folklore
2727:. London: Sage Publications.
2655:28 (1999), pp. 341â373.
2587:10.1080/17530350.2010.494117
2574:. London: Sage Publications.
2308:Academy of Management Review
2155:, Springer, pp. 443â453
1997:Economics and Performativity
1719:Dirksmeier, (2008), p. 19-20
962:Economics and Performativity
2841:Continental Feminism Reader
2674:Studies in Ethnomethodology
2608:Fictions of Collective Life
2579:Journal of Cultural Economy
2543:39(4) : 549â569. DOI:
2499:Narrative. State of the Art
2486:How to Do Things with Words
1857:Do Economists Make Markets?
1254:How To Do Things With Words
893:non-representational theory
883:Non-representational theory
859:introduced the concept of '
785:, Stern and Henderson, and
727:John Searle's reformulation
673:Against performativity and
310:How to Do Things With Words
262:How to do things with words
4131:
3160:Causal theory of reference
2905:Ritual, Performance, Media
2693:. Garden City, NY: Anchor.
2488:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1507:The Sociological Quarterly
1398:Lloyd, Moya (April 1999).
1035:The German news anchorman
939:Do Economists Make Markets
875:suggested using the term '
512:
4044:
2940:Geographies of Resistance
2877:Robinson, Douglas. 2006.
2853:Pickering, Andrew. 1995.
2809:Matynia, Elzbieta. 2009.
2748:(1993), pp. 152â174.
2672:Garfinkel, Harold. 1967.
2071:10.1017/S1053837217000128
1995:Brisset, Nicolas (2018).
1966:10.1080/10427710500509722
1777:10.1017/S0003975615000107
1611:Derrida, Jacques (1988).
1416:10.1177/02632769922050476
916:between man and nature.
749:the "rules of language".
3220:Scientific structuralism
2641:9 (2008), pp. 1â24.
2549:Brisset, Nicolas. 2019.
2405:10.1177/0170840619897197
1828:Muniesa, Fabian (2014).
1480:10.1177/1097184X03257515
1037:Hanns Joachim Friedrichs
208:principle to understand
2961:Understanding Animation
2594:The Laws of the Markets
2535:Brisset, Nicolas. 2017
1692:Schechner (2006), p. 34
1364:Butler, Judith (1988).
1273:Butler, Judith (1993).
1222:Schechner (2006), p. 38
1180:Butler, Judith (1990).
1117:Performative utterances
947:Enacting Dismal Science
935:The Laws of the Markets
912:of theatre and dance.
871:The cultural historian
604:symbolic interactionist
491:Lacanian psychoanalysis
294:performative utterances
102:nonverbal communication
79:philosopher of language
3276:Reflective equilibrium
2862:Contemporary sociology
2811:Performative Democracy
2758:108, pp. 479â508.
2700:. New York: Routledge.
2646:Sociological Quarterly
2563:Butler, Judith. 1997.
2556:Butler, Judith. 1993.
2227:10.4000/oeconomia.2746
2193:Cite journal requires
1756:Healy, Kieran (2015).
1184:. New York: Routledge.
1082:Dramaturgy (sociology)
943:Donald Angus MacKenzie
720:
702:insights on language.
586:Theoretical criticisms
541:philosophy of language
350:uttering the locution)
340:uttering the locution)
266:performative utterance
4115:Sociological theories
3947:Nicholas Wolterstorff
3402:David Malet Armstrong
2924:Stern and Henderson,
2910:Searle, John. 1969. "
2846:Parker and Sedgwick,
2730:Hawkes, David. 2020.
2530:Men and Masculinities
2320:10.5465/amr.2016.0071
1701:Porter (1990), p. 323
1468:Men and Masculinities
924:Economics and finance
804:director and scholar
712:
643:Jean-François Lyotard
631:Jean-François Lyotard
625:performative interval
515:Gender performativity
439:Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick
377:Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick
344:perlocutionary effect
4090:Feminist terminology
2896:Schechner, Richard,
2813:. Boulder: Paradigm.
2772:(April 2003). "No".
2754:, 'Performance' in:
2596:. Oxford: Blackwell.
2484:Austin, J. L. 1962.
2393:Organization Studies
1250:Austin, J L (1962).
1240:Austin (1962), p. 12
988:Black-Scholes-Merton
899:Various applications
527:offered a new, more
120:Defining performance
96:through commonplace
22:is the concept that
4085:Feminist philosophy
3769:Patricia Churchland
3700:Christine Korsgaard
3586:Logical positivists
3478:Ludwig Wittgenstein
3255:paradox of analysis
3022:Analytic philosophy
2746:World Archeology 25
2711:Sociological Theory
1710:Burke (2005), p. 36
1549:Sociological Theory
1107:Performance studies
1025:Blue Ocean Strategy
1007:economic philosophy
798:Performance studies
793:Performance studies
600:ethnomethodological
359:Influence of Austin
334:illocutionary force
307:, Austin argued in
305:analytic philosophy
198:performance studies
146:performance studies
60:performance studies
3942:William Lane Craig
3660:Friedrich Waismann
3617:Carl Gustav Hempel
3576:Timothy Williamson
3536:Alasdair MacIntyre
3394:Australian realism
3374:Russ Shafer-Landau
3235:Analytical Thomism
3190:Logical positivism
2968:Gender and Society
2947:Spatial Formations
2725:Identity: A Reader
2572:Identity: A Reader
2523:Rethinking history
2270:10.1111/ijmr.12074
1443:www.cla.purdue.edu
1341:Identity: a reader
1067:Issues and debates
1053:José Esteban Muñoz
1013:Management studies
576:social conventions
452:periperformativity
408:economic sociology
166:paradigmatic shift
68:management studies
36:cultural geography
16:Linguistic quality
4072:
4071:
4040:
4039:
3756:Pittsburgh School
3746:Peter van Inwagen
3680:Roderick Chisholm
3668:
3667:
3561:Richard Swinburne
3496:G. E. M. Anscombe
3332:
3331:
3230:Analytic theology
3205:Ordinary language
3143:
3142:
2868:Robinson, Douglas
2799:, 16(2), 195â213.
2741:(The Hague 1975).
2683:(Princeton 1980).
2518:(Cambridge 1972).
2399:(10): 1417â1439.
2372:978-3-319-48352-8
1841:978-1-138-96180-7
1350:978-0-7619-6916-7
1307:(Brickell, 2005).
1112:Performative text
889:interdisciplinary
835:anti-essentialist
806:Richard Schechner
759:Richard Schechner
708:poststructuralist
495:deconstructionism
260:in the 1950s. In
162:performative turn
149:Richard Schechner
4122:
4062:
4061:
4052:
4051:
3991:Nancy Cartwright
3832:Nicholas Rescher
3809:Bas van Fraassen
3799:Nicholas Rescher
3622:Hans Reichenbach
3605:
3571:Bernard Williams
3468:Bertrand Russell
3390:
3324:Rigid designator
3287:
3033:
3029:Related articles
3015:
3008:
3001:
2992:
2900:(New York 2006).
2789:
2631:(Illinois 2008).
2624:(Berkeley 1997).
2472:
2471:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2305:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2255:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2229:
2220:(7â3): 439â452.
2209:
2203:
2202:
2196:
2191:
2189:
2181:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1860:. 21 July 2008.
1852:
1846:
1845:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1814:978-1-8487-34692
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1762:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1672:
1663:
1662:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1589:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1314:
1308:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1280:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1207:
1204:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1148:"Performativity"
1143:
951:Donald MacKenzie
519:Philosopher and
483:Frankfurt school
412:Andrew Pickering
126:symbolic systems
4130:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4105:Science studies
4075:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4059:
4036:
4027:Jan Ćukasiewicz
4015:
3983:Stanford School
3977:
3963:Paul Feyerabend
3951:
3937:Alvin Plantinga
3925:
3911:James F. Conant
3897:
3841:
3813:
3804:Wilfrid Sellars
3794:Alexander Pruss
3774:Paul Churchland
3750:
3729:
3685:Donald Davidson
3664:
3626:
3603:
3580:
3506:Michael Dummett
3482:
3473:Frank P. Ramsey
3426:
3388:
3364:Jaakko Hintikka
3349:Keith Donnellan
3328:
3285:
3239:
3200:Neurophilosophy
3185:Logical atomism
3139:
3093:
3067:
3024:
3019:
2977:
2945:Thrift, N. J.,
2768:
2687:Goffman, Erving
2481:
2476:
2475:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2253:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2192:
2182:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2158:
2156:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1868:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1815:
1805:Doing Economics
1803:
1802:
1798:
1789:
1787:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1447:
1445:
1437:Felluga, Dino.
1436:
1435:
1431:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1370:Theatre Journal
1363:
1362:
1358:
1351:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1304:Theatre Journal
1300:
1296:
1289:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1210:
1206:McKenzie (2005)
1205:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1145:
1144:
1135:
1130:
1078:
1069:
1049:
1033:
1015:
992:Pierre Bourdieu
926:
901:
885:
869:
857:Pierre Bourdieu
853:
823:
810:performing arts
795:
783:Pierre Bourdieu
767:Clifford Geertz
755:
729:
691:Jacques Derrida
687:
685:Jacques Derrida
675:JĂŒrgen Habermas
633:
588:
557:
531:(specifically,
517:
511:
479:critical theory
471:
464:
399:(Oliver 2003).
369:Shoshana Felman
365:Jacques Derrida
361:
282:
274:Jacques Derrida
231:
214:social sciences
210:human behaviour
174:social sciences
158:
134:performing arts
122:
114:Louis Althusser
110:Michel Foucault
17:
12:
11:
5:
4128:
4126:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4077:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4056:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4011:Patrick Suppes
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3987:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3893:Michael Walzer
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3823:
3821:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3779:Adolf GrĂŒnbaum
3776:
3771:
3766:
3764:Robert Brandom
3760:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3743:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3722:
3720:W. V. O. Quine
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3695:Nelson Goodman
3692:
3690:Daniel Dennett
3687:
3682:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3655:Moritz Schlick
3652:
3647:
3642:
3636:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3590:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3566:Charles Taylor
3563:
3558:
3556:P. F. Strawson
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3453:Norman Malcolm
3450:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3422:J. J. C. Smart
3419:
3414:
3409:
3407:David Chalmers
3404:
3398:
3396:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3369:Giuseppe Peano
3366:
3361:
3359:Edmund Gettier
3356:
3351:
3346:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3314:Possible world
3311:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3266:Counterfactual
3263:
3258:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3125:Paraconsistent
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3036:Areas of focus
3030:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2976:
2975:External links
2973:
2972:
2971:
2964:
2963:(London 1998).
2957:
2956:(Durham 1996).
2950:
2949:(London 1996).
2943:
2936:
2929:
2928:(Londen 1993).
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2891:
2882:
2875:
2865:
2864:19 (1990) 323.
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2827:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2780:(2): 139â151.
2766:
2759:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2720:(London 1997).
2714:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2694:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2648:38.4: 687â705.
2642:
2635:
2632:
2627:Davis, T. C.,
2625:
2620:Davidson, M.,
2618:
2611:
2610:(London 1993).
2604:
2603:(London 1996).
2597:
2590:
2581:3:2, 147â161.
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2514:Bourdieu, P.,
2512:
2509:
2508:28.3: 801â831.
2502:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2455:
2440:
2426:
2383:
2371:
2341:
2314:(3): 487â508.
2291:
2264:(4): 440â463.
2241:
2204:
2195:|journal=
2164:
2139:
2092:
2065:(4): 549â569.
2045:
2018:(2): 160â184.
2002:
1987:
1940:
1927:10.1086/374404
1911:10.1086/374404
1905:(1): 107â145.
1889:
1873:
1866:
1847:
1840:
1820:
1813:
1796:
1771:(2): 175â205.
1748:
1739:
1730:
1728:Carlson (1996)
1721:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1664:
1646:
1628:
1622:978-0810107885
1621:
1603:
1597:978-0816611737
1596:
1574:
1532:
1513:(4): 687â705.
1493:
1454:
1429:
1410:(2): 195â213.
1387:
1356:
1349:
1331:
1309:
1294:
1287:
1265:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1208:
1196:
1187:
1182:Gender Trouble
1172:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1092:Frame analysis
1089:
1087:Erving Goffman
1084:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1048:
1045:
1032:
1029:
1014:
1011:
984:
983:
980:
977:
925:
922:
900:
897:
884:
881:
868:
865:
855:In the 1970s,
852:
849:
822:
821:Performativity
819:
794:
791:
771:Erving Goffman
754:
751:
728:
725:
686:
683:
655:Wittgenstein's
632:
629:
587:
584:
556:
553:
513:Main article:
510:
507:
463:
460:
385:psychoanalysis
381:deconstruction
360:
357:
352:
351:
341:
331:
303:Breaking with
298:performativity
281:
278:
250:Erving Goffman
230:
227:
157:
154:
121:
118:
82:John L. Austin
44:gender studies
20:Performativity
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4127:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4065:
4057:
4055:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4033:
4032:Alfred Tarski
4030:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
4001:Peter Galison
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3888:Nathan Salmon
3886:
3884:
3883:Richard Rorty
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3853:Alonzo Church
3851:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3816:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3789:Ruth Millikan
3787:
3785:
3784:John McDowell
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:Hilary Putnam
3713:
3711:
3710:Robert Nozick
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:Rudolf Carnap
3638:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3632:Vienna Circle
3629:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3609:Berlin Circle
3606:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3516:Philippa Foot
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3463:Graham Priest
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3443:Charlie Broad
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3354:Gottlob Frege
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3282:
3281:Supervenience
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3180:Functionalism
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3165:Descriptivism
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3130:Philosophical
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3120:Non-classical
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3004:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2970:1.2: 121â151.
2969:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2824:McKenzie, Jon
2822:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2599:Carlson, M.,
2598:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2497:Bamberg, M.,
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2451:
2444:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2387:
2384:
2374:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2205:
2200:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2168:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2140:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1991:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1867:9780691138497
1863:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1834:. Routledge.
1833:
1832:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1746:Thrift (1997)
1743:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1455:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1332:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1288:9780415903660
1284:
1279:
1278:
1269:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1231:Austin (1962)
1228:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
993:
989:
981:
978:
975:
974:
973:
971:
967:
963:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
931:Michel Callon
923:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
898:
896:
894:
890:
882:
880:
878:
877:occasionalism
874:
867:Occasionalism
866:
864:
862:
858:
850:
848:
845:
840:
836:
832:
831:Judith Butler
828:
820:
818:
815:
814:Victor Turner
811:
807:
803:
799:
792:
790:
788:
787:Judith Butler
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
763:Victor Turner
760:
752:
750:
746:
744:
740:
736:
735:
724:
719:
717:
711:
709:
703:
701:
697:
692:
684:
682:
680:
676:
671:
668:
664:
659:
656:
653:Lyotard uses
651:
648:
644:
640:
639:
630:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
605:
601:
596:
592:
585:
583:
581:
577:
574:
569:
566:
562:
554:
552:
548:
547:development.
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:Judith Butler
522:
516:
509:Judith Butler
508:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:phenomenology
469:
468:postmodernism
462:Postmodernism
461:
459:
457:
453:
449:
448:affect theory
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:Judith Butler
427:
425:
421:
417:
416:Michel Callon
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
397:social change
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:Judith Butler
370:
366:
358:
356:
349:
345:
342:
339:
335:
332:
329:
326:
325:
324:
321:
317:
312:
311:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
279:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
254:
251:
247:
246:
241:
240:Victor Turner
237:
236:Kenneth Burke
228:
226:
224:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:theatricality
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
155:
153:
150:
147:
141:
139:
138:social actors
135:
131:
127:
119:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
90:Judith Butler
86:
83:
80:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
3921:Cora Diamond
3837:Morton White
3705:Thomas Nagel
3650:Otto Neurath
3599:Ernest Nagel
3546:Gilbert Ryle
3541:Derek Parfit
3501:J. L. Austin
3448:Casimir Lewy
3417:Peter Singer
3412:J. L. Mackie
3384:Barry Stroud
3344:Noam Chomsky
3337:Philosophers
3271:Natural kind
3155:Anti-realism
3115:Mathematical
3089:Performative
3088:
3048:Epistemology
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2904:
2897:
2886:
2878:
2871:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2777:
2773:
2762:
2755:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2717:
2713:25.1: 26â45.
2710:
2697:
2690:
2680:
2679:Geertz, C.,
2673:
2666:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2606:Chaney, D.,
2600:
2593:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2540:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2505:
2498:
2485:
2467:
2458:
2443:
2429:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2376:, retrieved
2354:
2344:
2311:
2307:
2294:
2261:
2257:
2244:
2217:
2207:
2186:cite journal
2167:
2157:, retrieved
2152:
2142:
2112:(1): 21â41.
2109:
2105:
2095:
2062:
2058:
2048:
2015:
2011:
2005:
1999:. Routledge.
1996:
1990:
1960:(1): 29â55.
1957:
1953:
1943:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1882:
1876:
1856:
1850:
1830:
1823:
1804:
1799:
1788:. Retrieved
1768:
1764:
1751:
1742:
1737:Wells (1998)
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1676:Searle, John
1658:
1655:Searle, John
1649:
1640:
1637:Searle, John
1631:
1613:Limited, Inc
1612:
1606:
1585:
1577:
1555:(1): 26â45.
1552:
1548:
1510:
1506:
1496:
1474:(1): 24â43.
1471:
1467:
1457:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:
1432:
1407:
1403:
1378:. Retrieved
1373:
1369:
1359:
1340:
1334:
1322:. Retrieved
1312:
1302:
1297:
1276:
1268:
1253:
1245:
1236:
1227:
1190:
1181:
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1152:Anthropology
1151:
1070:
1057:
1050:
1034:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1000:
985:
961:
959:
946:
938:
934:
927:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
886:
870:
854:
839:subjectivity
824:
796:
756:
747:
743:J. L. Austin
732:
730:
721:
715:
713:
704:
695:
689:Philosopher
688:
678:
672:
662:
660:
652:
647:legitimation
636:
634:
597:
593:
589:
570:
564:
560:
558:
549:
518:
503:human agency
465:
451:
428:
401:
393:queer theory
362:
353:
347:
343:
337:
333:
327:
319:
308:
302:
297:
290:J. L. Austin
283:
280:J. L. Austin
261:
255:
243:
232:
178:anthropology
161:
159:
142:
130:architecture
123:
92:argued that
87:
76:
28:anthropology
19:
18:
4020:Lwow-Warsaw
4006:Ian Hacking
3973:Karl Popper
3968:Thomas Kuhn
3916:Alice Crary
3878:Saul Kripke
3873:Jaegwon Kim
3868:David Lewis
3858:Jerry Fodor
3827:Susan Haack
3741:Robert Audi
3551:John Searle
3521:Peter Geach
3511:Antony Flew
3458:G. E. Moore
3379:Ernest Sosa
3309:Possibility
3058:Mathematics
3043:Metaphysics
2959:Wells, P.,
2952:Weiss, B.,
2770:Kulick, Don
2752:Kapchan, D.
2716:Green, B.,
2532:8.1: 24â43.
1102:Performance
1097:John Searle
1041:Berlin Wall
1003:Uskali Maki
970:David Lewis
966:John Austin
873:Peter Burke
844:Nietzsche's
833:. It is an
779:John Searle
775:John Austin
739:John Searle
700:Nietzsche's
617:masculinity
611:(1967) and
537:linguistics
533:Foucauldian
529:Continental
424:Karen Barad
270:John Searle
258:John Austin
190:ethnography
186:linguistics
182:archaeology
98:speech acts
56:linguistics
4095:Pragmatics
4079:Categories
3996:John Dupré
3863:Kurt Gödel
3819:Pragmatism
3734:Notre Dame
3725:John Rawls
3594:A. J. Ayer
3531:R. M. Hare
3526:Paul Grice
3438:Arif Ahmed
3225:Sense data
3210:Pragmatism
3084:Linguistic
2378:2023-02-23
2159:2020-04-14
1790:2015-11-19
1448:2006-10-30
1258:. p.
1165:10 October
1128:References
1122:Speech act
1031:Journalism
996:Speech Act
941:edited by
847:one "is."
837:theory of
665:historian
621:femininity
580:ideologies
456:speech act
441:describes
316:pragmatics
286:speech act
218:humanities
170:humanities
106:identities
72:philosophy
4100:Semiotics
3846:Princeton
3645:Hans Hahn
3431:Cambridge
3304:Necessity
3299:Actualism
3170:Emotivism
3135:Predicate
3105:Classical
2615:Criticism
2421:213852753
2413:0170-8406
2328:0363-7425
2278:1468-2370
2236:2113-5207
2134:148612438
2126:1350-178X
2087:158017241
2079:1053-8372
2040:148033117
2032:1350-178X
1974:1469-9656
1935:145805302
1919:0002-9602
1785:152199942
1569:0735-2751
1527:0038-0253
1488:1097-184X
1424:0263-2764
1060:video art
1047:Video art
829:theorist
667:Tony Judt
609:Garfinkel
573:hegemonic
523:theorist
487:semiotics
420:economics
206:heuristic
40:economics
4054:Category
3930:Reformed
3903:Quietism
3291:Modality
3251:Analysis
3244:Concepts
3215:Quietism
3175:Feminism
3148:Theories
3053:Language
2870:. 2003.
2689:. 1959.
2336:59273544
2286:54218711
1982:14201125
1678:(1979).
1657:(1979).
1639:(1979).
1376:(4): 520
1076:See also
679:paralogy
521:feminist
499:feminism
389:feminism
328:locution
248:(1959),
24:language
3956:Science
3673:Harvard
3319:Realism
3195:Marxism
3110:Deviant
3079:Aretaic
3063:Science
2832:Muñoz,
2806:(2005).
2501:(2007).
2178:2616814
861:habitus
851:Habitus
802:theatre
623:in the
613:Goffman
406:and in
229:Origins
223:framing
194:history
168:in the
156:History
64:history
3488:Oxford
2419:
2411:
2369:
2334:
2326:
2284:
2276:
2234:
2176:
2132:
2124:
2085:
2077:
2038:
2030:
1980:
1972:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1864:
1838:
1811:
1783:
1619:
1594:
1567:
1525:
1486:
1422:
1380:May 3,
1347:
1324:29 May
1285:
827:gender
565:belief
545:gender
435:gender
391:, and
375:, and
32:social
4064:Index
3098:Logic
3072:Turns
2464:Muñoz
2417:S2CID
2332:S2CID
2304:(PDF)
2282:S2CID
2254:(PDF)
2130:S2CID
2083:S2CID
2036:S2CID
1978:S2CID
1931:S2CID
1923:JSTOR
1781:S2CID
1761:(PDF)
716:cited
696:force
481:(the
443:queer
164:is a
2791:Pdf.
2409:ISSN
2367:ISBN
2324:ISSN
2274:ISSN
2232:ISSN
2199:help
2174:SSRN
2122:ISSN
2075:ISSN
2028:ISSN
1970:ISSN
1915:ISSN
1862:ISBN
1836:ISBN
1809:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1592:ISBN
1565:ISSN
1523:ISSN
1484:ISSN
1420:ISSN
1382:2024
1345:ISBN
1326:2014
1283:ISBN
1167:2017
968:and
619:and
602:and
578:and
561:mode
539:and
497:and
216:and
172:and
160:The
112:and
100:and
70:and
34:and
2782:doi
2583:doi
2401:doi
2359:doi
2316:doi
2266:doi
2222:doi
2114:doi
2067:doi
2020:doi
1962:doi
1907:doi
1903:109
1773:doi
1557:doi
1515:doi
1476:doi
1412:doi
1156:doi
955:BSM
933:in
731:In
635:In
582:".
563:of
485:),
320:all
58:,
54:,
52:law
50:),
4081::
2778:23
2776:.
2466:.
2415:.
2407:.
2397:41
2395:.
2365:,
2353:,
2330:.
2322:.
2312:43
2310:.
2306:.
2280:.
2272:.
2262:18
2260:.
2256:.
2230:.
2216:.
2190::
2188:}}
2184:{{
2151:,
2128:.
2120:.
2110:25
2108:.
2104:.
2081:.
2073:.
2063:39
2061:.
2057:.
2034:.
2026:.
2016:23
2014:.
1976:.
1968:.
1958:28
1956:.
1952:.
1929:.
1921:.
1913:.
1901:.
1779:.
1769:56
1767:.
1763:.
1667:^
1563:.
1553:25
1551:.
1547:.
1535:^
1521:.
1511:38
1509:.
1505:.
1482:.
1470:.
1466:.
1441:.
1418:.
1408:16
1406:.
1402:.
1390:^
1374:40
1372:.
1368:.
1211:^
1199:^
1154:.
1150:.
1136:^
1009:.
789:.
781:,
777:,
773:,
769:,
765:,
761:,
737:,
493:,
489:,
477:,
458:.
410:.
387:,
383:,
371:,
367:,
348:by
338:in
300:.
192:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
116:.
74:.
66:,
62:,
42:,
38:,
30:,
3257:)
3253:(
3014:e
3007:t
3000:v
2843:.
2820:)
2788:.
2784::
2662:.
2589:.
2585::
2537:.
2470:.
2452:.
2437:.
2423:.
2403::
2361::
2338:.
2318::
2288:.
2268::
2238:.
2224::
2201:)
2197:(
2180:.
2136:.
2116::
2089:.
2069::
2042:.
2022::
1984:.
1964::
1937:.
1909::
1886:.
1870:.
1844:.
1817:.
1793:.
1775::
1625:.
1600:.
1571:.
1559::
1529:.
1517::
1490:.
1478::
1472:8
1451:.
1426:.
1414::
1384:.
1353:.
1328:.
1291:.
1262:.
1260:5
1169:.
1158::
46:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.