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and agricultural colleges were bringing new varieties to the US from foreign expeditions, and developing experimental lots for these fruits. In response to this increased interest and activity, the USDA established the
Division of Pomology in 1886 and named Henry E. Van Deman as chief pomologist. An
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were known but used more for medicinal purposes than in cookery. The Romans, in particular, were known for their advanced methods of fruit cultivation and storage, and they developed many of the approaches that are still used in modern pomology.
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107:. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of
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349:
1686:
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352:'s Special Collections, where it serves as a major historic and botanic resource to a variety of researchers, including
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of the fruit so that plant breeders could accurately document and disseminate their research results. Since the use of
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research findings to fruit growers and breeders through special publications and annual reports. During this period
985:
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267:, both introduced in the 1st century BC, were popular. Peaches were introduced in the 1st century AD from Persia.
103:
Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation, and physiological studies of
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132:, grapes, apples, melons, and figs. While the first fruits cultivated by the Egyptians were likely
288:, farmers were expanding fruit orchard programs in response to growing markets. At the same time,
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important focus of the division was to publish illustrated accounts of new varieties and to
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Janick, Jules (February 2005). "The
Origins of Fruits, Fruit Growing and Fruit Breeding".
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348:. Today, the collection of approximately 7,700 watercolors is preserved in the
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tradition of pomology, and they cultivated a wide range of fruits, including
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2005:
1955:
1930:
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140:, more fruits were introduced as other cultural influences were introduced.
69:. Someone who researches and practices the science of pomology is called a
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1980:
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artists to create watercolor illustrations of newly introduced
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The introduction of new varieties required an exact
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328:was not widespread in the late 19th century, the
1694:
588:
8:
1464:List of organic gardening and farming topics
563:â oldest fruit organization in North America
87:
81:
52:
42:
1701:
1687:
1679:
595:
581:
573:
251:. Less common fruits were the more exotic
2167:Timeline of biology and organic chemistry
199:The ancient Greeks and Romans also had a
336:. Many of the watercolors were used for
176:were introduced to Egyptians during the
23:Illustration of the 'Willermoz' pear by
529:"Guide to the USDA Special Collections"
402:
356:, historians, artists, and publishers.
92:, "care") is also used to describe the
490:
488:
2162:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
512:The Fruits and Fruit Trees of America
315:The Fruits and Fruit Trees of America
7:
1649:
1661:
284:During the mid-19th century in the
340:in USDA publications, such as the
14:
1660:
1648:
1637:
1636:
1624:
508:Downing, Andrew Jackson (1855).
309:were prominent in pomology and
96:practice of growing fruits in
1:
533:National Agricultural Library
350:National Agricultural Library
561:American Pomological Society
136:, such as the palm date and
1495:Index of pesticide articles
569:â German fruit organization
498:, JHU Press (1988), p. 148.
2224:
639:Climate-friendly gardening
567:German Pomological Society
338:lithographic reproductions
57:, "study") is a branch of
1716:
1618:
1515:Plant disease forecasting
1469:Vegan organic agriculture
1319:Genetically modified tree
469:10.1002/9780470650301.ch8
440:Tannahill, Reay (1968).
342:Report of the Pomologist
346:Yearbook of Agriculture
1776:Biological engineering
1454:Biodynamic agriculture
1391:Postharvest physiology
1339:Landscape architecture
1036:Indonesian home garden
496:The Ancient Roman City
457:Plant Breeding Reviews
326:scientific photography
303:Andrew Jackson Downing
191:were also introduced.
148:were found throughout
88:
82:
53:
43:
32:
1861:Developmental biology
1836:Computational biology
1816:Cellular microbiology
701:Historic conservation
22:
2081:Reproductive biology
1966:Mathematical biology
1891:Evolutionary biology
1841:Conservation biology
1631:Gardening portal
1530:Aquamog weed remover
1505:List of insecticides
442:The fine art of food
180:. Later, during the
150:predynastic Egyptian
1866:Ecological genetics
1710:Branches of biology
494:John E. Stambaugh,
152:sites, as were the
2198:Branches of botany
2157:History of biology
2091:Structural biology
2076:Relational biology
1901:Generative biology
1896:Freshwater biology
1500:List of fungicides
1265:Companion planting
182:Greco-Roman period
33:
29:Album de Pomologie
2175:
2174:
2096:Synthetic biology
1976:Molecular biology
1831:Cognitive biology
1676:
1675:
1548:Community orchard
1374:drought tolerance
330:USDA commissioned
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1821:Chemical biology
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1605:Plant collecting
1541:Related articles
1478:Plant protection
659:French intensive
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535:. Archived from
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519:
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452:
446:
445:
444:. Folio Society.
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431:
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417:. Archived from
407:
305:and his brother
231:, elderberries,
156:, dom palm, and
109:production costs
91:
85:
56:
46:
25:Alexandre Bivort
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2216:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2145:
2106:Systems biology
2071:Quantum biology
1712:
1707:
1677:
1672:
1623:
1614:
1610:Turf management
1595:Lists of plants
1590:List of gardens
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1473:
1440:
1202:
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745:
610:
601:
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421:on 16 June 2016
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354:horticulturists
290:horticulturists
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2018:
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1961:Marine biology
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1771:Bioinformatics
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1575:Groundskeeping
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681:Groundskeeping
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674:computer-aided
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158:Christ's thorn
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16:Study of fruit
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1801:Biotechnology
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1580:Garden centre
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1558:Floral design
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1424:reforestation
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1334:Intercropping
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1275:most valuable
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1243:Arboriculture
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2026:Pharmacology
2016:Parasitology
2011:Paleontology
1991:Neuroscience
1971:Microbiology
1881:Epidemiology
1851:Cytogenetics
1811:Cell biology
1791:Biosemiotics
1781:Biomechanics
1761:Biogeography
1756:Biochemistry
1751:Bacteriology
1746:Astrobiology
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1525:Weed control
1414:horticulture
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1324:Hydroculture
1314:Fruticulture
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1292:Floriculture
1221:Permaculture
1208:Horticulture
604:Horticulture
541:. Retrieved
537:the original
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423:. Retrieved
419:the original
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381:Olericulture
376:Horticulture
371:Floriculture
345:
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313:, producing
311:horticulture
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249:pomegranates
237:damson plums
229:blackberries
225:strawberries
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154:sycamore fig
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94:agricultural
75:fruticulture
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35:
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2136:Xenobiology
2131:Virophysics
2101:Systematics
2056:Primatology
2001:Ornithology
1941:Ichthyology
1926:Herpetology
1921:Gerontology
1886:Epigenetics
1846:Cryobiology
1736:Agrostology
1726:Aerobiology
1721:Abiogenesis
1667:WikiProject
1436:Monoculture
1431:Viticulture
1409:agriculture
1369:propagation
1309:HĂźgelkultur
1231:sustainable
1216:Agriculture
1158:Therapeutic
1138:Shakespeare
949:Renaissance
741:Xeriscaping
736:Sustainable
731:Square foot
721:Proplifting
686:Garden tool
654:Foodscaping
463:: 255â320.
391:Viticulture
299:disseminate
178:New Kingdom
174:pomegranate
120:Middle East
105:fruit trees
73:. The term
67:cultivation
31:(1848â1852)
2182:Categories
2121:Toxicology
2116:Teratology
2061:Proteomics
2046:Physiology
1986:Neontology
1951:Lipidology
1946:Immunology
1916:Geobiology
1876:Embryology
1856:Dendrology
1786:Biophysics
1766:Biogeology
1329:Indigenous
1226:stock-free
1198:Zoological
1078:Pollinator
971:Greenhouse
914:Sharawadgi
902:Vietnamese
863:East Asian
771:Australian
726:Raised bed
691:Green wall
543:2009-03-08
397:References
223:, citron,
146:watermelon
134:indigenous
71:pomologist
65:and their
2036:Phycology
2021:Pathology
2006:Osteology
1996:Nutrition
1956:Mammalogy
1931:Histology
1600:Perennial
1563:Floristry
1510:Pesticide
1490:Herbicide
1485:Fungicide
1379:hardiness
1143:Shrubbery
1123:Sculpture
944:landscape
873:Cantonese
848:Container
843:Community
811:Byzantine
806:Butterfly
796:Botanical
696:Guerrilla
644:Community
634:Butterfly
629:Arboretum
624:Allotment
616:Gardening
608:gardening
411:"Farming"
334:cultivars
292:from the
245:rose hips
239:, dates,
126:Sumerians
2203:Agronomy
2188:Pomology
2150:See also
2126:Virology
2111:Taxonomy
2051:Pomology
1981:Mycology
1911:Genomics
1906:Genetics
1731:Agronomy
1643:Category
1553:Features
1459:Grafting
1419:forestry
1401:Tropical
1386:Pomology
1359:cuttings
1354:breeding
1188:Wildlife
1168:Tropical
1118:Scottish
1068:Pleasure
1056:Paradise
1051:Charbagh
1021:Monastic
1016:Medieval
926:Floating
880:Japanese
831:Communal
821:Colonial
786:Biblical
751:Types of
716:Parterre
386:Trophort
360:See also
344:and the
322:portrait
317:(1845).
265:apricots
261:Cherries
253:azeroles
233:currants
98:orchards
36:Pomology
2141:Zoology
1871:Ecology
1741:Anatomy
1655:Commons
1568:Ikebana
1520:Pruning
1446:Organic
1396:Roguing
1282:Cutting
1173:Victory
1148:Spanish
1128:Sensory
1073:Prairie
1041:Persian
1031:Orchard
996:Kitchen
991:Keyhole
986:Italian
981:Islamic
976:Hanging
935:French
921:Fernery
909:English
868:Chinese
853:Cottage
781:Baroque
753:gardens
706:History
425:15 June
307:Charles
269:Oranges
257:medlars
221:quinces
201:healthy
185:peaches
138:sorghum
115:History
89:cultura
83:fructus
1806:Botany
1405:Urban
1302:Taiwan
1297:Canada
1260:Botany
1253:Saikei
1248:Bonsai
1193:Winter
1178:Walled
1113:School
1108:Sacred
1063:Physic
1026:Mughal
1006:Market
961:German
939:formal
931:Flower
897:Korean
816:Cactus
801:Bottle
761:Alpine
711:Native
664:Garden
649:Forest
475:
273:lemons
247:, and
241:melons
217:grapes
205:apples
195:Europe
172:, and
160:. The
142:Grapes
77:(from
63:fruits
59:botany
38:(from
2193:Fruit
1349:Plant
1287:Flora
1236:urban
1183:Water
1163:Trial
1133:Shade
1093:Roman
966:Greek
956:Front
858:Dutch
826:Color
209:pears
189:pears
170:apple
166:olive
162:carob
130:dates
79:Latin
54:-logy
51:", +
49:fruit
44:pomum
40:Latin
27:from
1270:Crop
1103:Rose
1098:Roof
1088:Rock
1083:Rain
1046:BÄgh
1011:Mary
1001:Knot
885:Roji
776:Back
606:and
473:ISBN
427:2016
294:USDA
271:and
263:and
255:and
213:figs
187:and
144:and
1153:Tea
890:Zen
791:Bog
465:doi
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467::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
