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The most obvious symptom of open pyometra is a discharge of pus from the vulva in a female that has recently been in heat. However, symptoms of closed pyometra are less obvious. Symptoms of both types include vomiting, loss of appetite, depression, and increased drinking and urinating. Fever is
268:
increases the number of progesterone receptors in the endometrium. 25 percent of females receiving estradiol in diestrus develop pyometra. Pyometra is less common in female cats because progesterone is only released by the ovaries after mating. Also in cats, the risk of developing the disease
154:
seen in less than a third of female dogs with pyometra. Closed pyometra is a more serious condition than open pyometra not only because there is no outlet for the infection, but also because a diagnosis of closed pyometra can easily be missed due to its insidious nature. Bloodwork may show
182:
age, whether she has bred or not, and whether it is her 1st or 10th heat, although it becomes more common as the dog gets older. The main risk period for a female is for eight weeks after her peak standing heat has ended. Normally during this period, the
662:
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117:. Pyometra is an important disease to be aware of for any dog or cat owner because of the sudden nature of the disease and the deadly consequences if left untreated. It has been compared to acute
744:
1573:
406:
Jitpean, S; Hagman, R; Ström Holst, B; Höglund, OV; Pettersson, A; Egenvall, A (December 2012). "Breed
Variations in the Incidence of Pyometra and Mammary Tumours in Swedish Dogs".
220:
secretion, closes the cervix (preventing uterine drainage), and decreases uterine contractility. The condition of the cervix is a major factor in the severity of the condition.
737:
325:
195:(inner lining of the uterus) – known as cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) – may occur at this time for some animals, as an inappropriate response to
73:
is a uterine infection. Though it is most commonly known as a disease of the unaltered female dog, it is also a notable human disease. It is also seen in female
178:
The risk of developing pyometra differs between dog breeds. Pyometra is a result of hormonal and structural changes in the uterus lining. This can happen at
226:
If the cervix is open, the infected material can leave the body, and this is far easier and safer to treat. This is known as open pyometra.
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187:, which was open during her heat, begins to close, and the inner lining begins to adapt back to normal. However, cystic
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The most important aspect of treatment of pyometra is quick action to provide supportive care. Female dogs are often
1474:
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904:
563:"Blood pressure and heart rate during ovariohysterectomy in pyometra and control dogs: a preliminary investigation"
297:
should be given immediately. Once the female dog has been stabilized, then the treatment of choice is an emergency
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A canine pyometric uterus immediately after surgery to remove it. It is extremely distended with purulent material.
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into the uterus find the environment favorable to growth, especially since progesterone also causes
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305:(lutalyse). Supportive antibiotic treatment may be recommended also. Severe cases require surgery.
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Höglund, Odd Viking; Lövebrant, Johanna; Olsson, Ulf; Höglund, Katja (17 November 2016).
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Proceedings of the 27th World
Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Hagman, R; Ström Holst, B; Möller, L; Egenvall, A (1 July 2014).
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328:. American College of Veterinary Surgeons. 2004. Archived from
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If the cervix is fully closed, there is no discharge from the
110:
94:
381:
Wingfield, Wayne E. (1997). Hanley & Belfus, Inc. (ed.).
241:
and possible rapid death. This is known as closed pyometra.
624:
Pyometra
Surgery Photos and Description from The Pet Center
443:"Canine Pyometra: Pathogenesis, Therapy and Clinical Cases"
301:. In livestock the treatment of choice for minor cases is
233:, and like in appendicitis, the uterus may rupture and
628:
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will confirm the presence of a fluid filled uterus.
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353:Ettinger, Stephen J.; Feldman, Edward C. (1995).
522:"Incidence of pyometra in Swedish insured cats"
1574:Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs
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8:
264:are at risk for more severe disease because
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355:Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine
248:Hormonal influences and mis-mating shots
121:in humans, because both are essentially
490:
488:
357:(4th ed.). W.B. Saunders Company.
314:
320:
318:
383:Veterinary Emergency Medicine Secrets
7:
539:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.007
1539:Persistent genital arousal disorder
237:escapes into the abdomen, causing
166:will show an enlarged uterus, and
14:
1353:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
872:Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
408:Reproduction in Domestic Animals
967:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
212:) that have migrated from the
1:
567:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
1063:Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
1034:Polymenorrhea (epimenorrhea)
269:differs depending on breed.
1480:Pelvic inflammatory disease
619:from The Pet Health Library
500:The Merck Veterinary Manual
441:Romagnoli, Stefano (2002).
252:Females that have received
202:Under these circumstances,
1590:
1475:Pelvic congestion syndrome
905:Fallopian tube obstruction
1524:Vestibular papillomatosis
1443:
1376:
1276:
1103:
1093:Metropathia haemorrhagica
957:
580:10.1186/s13028-016-0263-y
466:Brooks, Wendy C. (2003).
43:
34:
860:Follicular cyst of ovary
1358:Sexual arousal disorder
1314:Candidal vulvovaginitis
972:Endometrial hyperplasia
474:. VeterinaryPartner.com
385:. Hanley & Belfus.
801:Endometriosis of ovary
472:The Pet Health Library
303:dinoprost tremethamine
150:
142:
1245:Vesicouterine fistula
1188:Cervical incompetence
1113:Recurrent miscarriage
1051:Premenstrual syndrome
912:Fallopian tube cancer
148:
140:
1403:Rectovaginal fistula
828:Poor ovarian reserve
1453:Postcoital bleeding
1381:Urogenital fistulas
1309:Bacterial vaginosis
962:Asherman's syndrome
1338:Sexual dysfunction
1304:Atrophic vaginitis
1240:Retroverted uterus
1203:Female infertility
1183:Cervical dysplasia
1108:Female infertility
900:Female infertility
855:Corpus luteum cyst
811:Ovulatory disorder
806:Female infertility
704:External resources
291:Intravenous fluids
151:
143:
133:Signs and symptoms
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1550:
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1396:Obstetric fistula
1294:Vaginal discharge
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1208:Cervical stenosis
1123:
1122:
977:Endometrial polyp
935:
934:
865:Theca lutein cyst
727:
726:
420:10.1111/rda.12103
158:and/or increased
149:Pyometra in a dog
64:
63:
16:Medical condition
1581:
1519:Kraurosis vulvae
1514:Bartholin's cyst
1497:
1448:Vaginal bleeding
1341:
1274:
1250:Uterine prolapse
1078:Menometrorrhagia
1002:
955:
946:
845:Ovarian apoplexy
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160:white blood cell
141:Uterus of a dog.
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1178:Cervical cancer
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1142:Uterine fibroid
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1083:Polymenorrhagia
1024:Oligoamenorrhea
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882:Ovarian torsion
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761:Female diseases
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1386:Ureterovaginal
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1363:Vaginal cancer
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1255:Uterine cancer
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1029:Oligomenorrhea
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892:Fallopian tube
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877:Ovarian cancer
874:
869:
868:
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821:Oligoovulation
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633:Classification
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610:External links
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526:Theriogenology
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258:mismating shot
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1509:Vulvar cancer
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1391:Vesicovaginal
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1019:Hypomenorrhea
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982:Endometriosis
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917:Hematosalpinx
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835:Mittelschmerz
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532:(1): 114–20.
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1569:Dog diseases
1564:Cat diseases
1428:Sigmoidocele
1336:
1281:Hematocolpos
1234:
1160:Parametritis
1068:Metrorrhagia
1046:Dysmenorrhea
999:Menstruation
997:
987:Endometritis
922:Hydrosalpinx
850:Ovarian cyst
711:
687:
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504:. Retrieved
499:
476:. Retrieved
471:
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450:. Retrieved
446:
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411:
407:
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382:
354:
334:. Retrieved
330:the original
287:septic shock
276:
251:
207:
206:(especially
201:
197:progesterone
179:
177:
152:
119:appendicitis
70:
66:
65:
1433:Urethrocele
1348:Dyspareunia
1321:Hydrocolpos
1285:Hydrocolpos
1231:Hematometra
1152:Parametrium
1137:Adenomyosis
950:Endometrium
927:Salpingitis
816:Anovulation
414:: 347–350.
295:antibiotics
239:peritonitis
193:endometrium
189:hyperplasia
156:dehydration
115:guinea pigs
71:pyometritis
30:Pyometritis
27:Other names
1558:Categories
1534:Vulvodynia
1418:Enterocele
1368:Vaginismus
1290:Leukorrhea
1198:Cervicitis
1129:Myometrium
1014:Amenorrhea
840:Oophoritis
713:Patient UK
689:DiseasesDB
506:2006-12-14
496:"Pyometra"
478:2006-12-14
468:"Pyometra"
452:2006-12-14
336:2006-12-14
326:"Pyometra"
309:References
168:ultrasound
125:within an
59:gynecology
55:Obstetrics
1423:Rectocele
1413:Cystocele
1299:Vaginitis
573:(1): 80.
273:Treatment
254:estradiol
127:abdominal
50:Specialty
1529:Vulvitis
1493:External
1408:Prolapse
1235:Pyometra
776:Internal
769:genitals
718:Pyometra
617:Pyometra
599:27855712
548:24726694
428:23279535
266:estrogen
262:diestrus
204:bacteria
123:empyemas
103:hamsters
67:Pyometra
22:Pyometra
1224:General
763:of the
683:D055119
590:5112883
281:and in
209:E. coli
191:of the
162:count.
129:organ.
107:ferrets
99:rabbits
1269:Vagina
1170:Cervix
1089:Other
1074:Mixed
1058:Timing
941:Uterus
784:Adnexa
765:pelvis
597:
587:
546:
502:. 2006
426:
389:
361:
279:septic
214:vagina
185:cervix
164:X-rays
79:horses
75:cattle
1501:Vulva
1468:Other
793:Ovary
658:, O85
285:(see
283:shock
256:as a
231:vulva
218:mucus
174:Cause
91:swine
87:sheep
83:goats
1041:Pain
1009:Flow
767:and
694:4283
678:MeSH
667:9-CM
595:PMID
544:PMID
424:PMID
387:ISBN
359:ISBN
299:spay
293:and
113:and
111:rats
95:cats
672:615
663:ICD
656:N71
647:ICD
585:PMC
575:doi
534:doi
416:doi
289:).
260:in
235:pus
180:any
69:or
1560::
1292:/
1283:/
1233:/
716::
692::
681::
670::
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651:10
593:.
583:.
571:58
569:.
565:.
542:.
530:82
528:.
524:.
498:.
487:^
470:.
445:.
422:.
412:47
410:.
373:^
345:^
317:^
199:.
109:,
105:,
101:,
97:,
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753:e
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739:v
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639:D
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536::
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418::
395:.
367:.
339:.
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