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abjure all claims to investitures, whilst the pope undertook to compel the prelates and abbots of the empire to restore all the temporal rights and privileges which they held from the crown. Preparations were made for the coronation on 12 February 1111, but the Romans rose in revolt against Henry, and the German king retired, taking the pope and Curia with him.
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in the imperial struggle, but he returned to Italy in
September 1107, his negotiations remaining without result. When Henry V advanced with an army into Italy in order to be crowned, the pope agreed to a compact in February 1111 which stipulated that before receiving the imperial crown, Henry was to
449:
was said to have bequeathed all her allodial lands to the Church upon her death in 1115, but the donation was neither publicly acknowledged in Rome nor is any documentary record of the donation preserved. Emperor Henry V at once laid claim to
Matilda's lands as imperial fiefs and forced the pope to
771:
puis de Cluny à La Charité, où, au milieu d'un très grand concours d'archevêques, d'évêques et de moines, il dédia et consacra ce fameux monastère 6) Le 9 mars 1107. Le monastère de la Charité-sur-Loire (Nièvre, arrondissement de Cosne) était un prieuré
337:
to rebel, even to the point of seeking out
Paschal II for absolution for associating with his father. But, Henry V was even more persistent in maintaining the right of investiture than Emperor Henry IV had been before his death in 1106. The imperial
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Towards the end of his pontificate trouble began anew in
England; Paschal II complained in 1115 that councils were held and bishops translated without his authorization, and he threatened Henry I with
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on 15 February 1113. It brought under Papal protection and confirmed as a religious order the
Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, later known as the Knights Hospitaller and today known as the
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During
Paschal's trip to France in 1106–1107, he consecrated the Cluniac church of Notre Dame at La Charité-sur-Loire, the second largest church in Europe at the time.
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flee from Rome. Paschal II returned after the emperor's withdrawal at the beginning of 1118, but died within a few days, on 21 January 1118.
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504:. It also confirmed the order's acquisitions and donations in Europe and Asia and exempted it from all authority save that of the pope.
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army was repulsed on its rescue mission, Paschal II yielded and guaranteed investiture to the emperor. Henry V was then crowned in
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After Pope Urban II's death, Paschal reacted to the success of the First
Crusade by preaching the penitential Crusade of 1101.
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on 13 April 1111, and, after exacting a promise that no revenge would be taken for what had happened, withdrew beyond the
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recognise the pope's primacy over "all the churches of God throughout the world" in late 1112. This was something
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invited
Paschal II to visit Germany and settle the trouble in January 1106, but the pope in the Council of
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282:(1088–99) on 19 August 1099. His reign of almost twenty years was exceptionally long for a medieval pope.
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between the
Orthodox and the Catholic Church, but these failed, as Paschal pressed the demand that the
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council of March 1112 declared null and void the concessions extorted by violence; a council held at
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could not do in face of opposition from the majority of clergy, the monastic world, and the laity.
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755:"De La Venue En France Du Pape Pascal II (1107) / Of Pope Paschal II's Travel to France (1107)"
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675: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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The
Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century
413:
in October 1111 excommunicated the emperor; and Paschal II sanctioned the proceeding.
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The Churches and Catacombs of Early Christian Rome: A Comprehensive Guide
370:
295:
106:
834:
660:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 882.
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17:
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3780:
3747:
374:
136:
571:
Sex, Gender, and Episcopal Authority in an Age of Reform, 1000–1122
325:
policy in favor of papal privilege, but with only partial success.
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3776:
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415:
353:
In the same year he brought to an end the investiture struggle in
343:
140:
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942:
893:
402:
212:
5993:
5751:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
4718:
2636:
915:
350:(October 1106) simply renewed the prohibition of investiture.
373:
and the oath of fealty for temporal domains. Paschal went to
405:. The Hildebrandine party was aroused to action, however; a
5640:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
389:
After 61 days of harsh imprisonment, during which Prince
427:
Pope Paschal II ordered the building of the basilica of
258:
from 13 August 1099 to his death in 1118. A monk of the
6338:
Christians of the 1113–1115 Balearic Islands expedition
464:
During Paschal's papacy some efforts were made by the
5671:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
786:
The Contest of Christian and Muslim Spain: 1031–1157
6262:
6182:
6103:
6027:
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5721:
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5402:
5304:
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4889:
4756:
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4216:
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3596:
3521:
3492:
3417:
3342:
3277:
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3011:
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2857:
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2721:
2698:
2525:
2465:
2404:
2395:
2209:
1923:
1522:
1226:
1020:
199:
173:
168:
155:
150:
122:
112:
102:
94:
86:
76:
41:
6388:Burials at the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
856:. New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
691:. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company
598:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 167.
431:on the ashes of the one burned during the Norman
274:(1073–85) in 1073. He was consecrated as pope in
5741:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
313:During the long struggle of the papacy with the
6271:Libellus de imperatoria potestate in urbe Roma
377:at the close of 1106 to seek the mediation of
6005:
4730:
2648:
927:
302:. He became a monk at Cluny at an early age.
32:For the Pisan saint Rainerius (Raniero), see
27:Head of the Catholic Church from 1099 to 1118
8:
453:In 1116, Paschal II, at the behest of Count
811:The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire
573:. Cambridge University Press. p. 175.
6012:
5998:
5990:
5756:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
5706:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5125:
5114:
4897:
4737:
4723:
4715:
4577:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3518:
3033:
2718:
2655:
2641:
2633:
2401:
934:
920:
912:
873:
62:
38:
246: 1055 – 21 January 1118), born
6358:People from the Province of Forlì-Cesena
621:
619:
617:
615:
243:
535:
715:. CatholicSaints.Info. 23 August 2013"
457:, issued a crusade for the capture of
321:, Paschal II zealously carried on the
6383:Cardinals created by Pope Gregory VII
813:. Clarendon Press. pp. 170–171.
788:. Blackwell Publishing. p. 177.
7:
6195:Church and state in medieval Europe
5610:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
423:, bull issued by Paschal II in 1113
5165:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
732:. T.J. International. p. 93.
25:
6333:Christians of the Crusade of 1101
6162:Norman conquest of southern Italy
548:. Univ of Wisconsin Press. 1969.
502:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
333:, took advantage of his father's
6285:
5972:
5960:
5291:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5246:Second Council of Constantinople
4699:
4698:
4687:
4655:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4203:Criticism of the Catholic Church
2614:
2603:
2602:
685:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
670:
626:
494:Pope Paschal II issued the bull
455:Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona
5261:Third Council of Constantinople
5185:First Council of Constantinople
2822:First seven ecumenical councils
594:Blumenthal, Uta-Renate (1988).
524:Cardinals created by Paschal II
210:21 January 1118 (aged c. 63–68)
130:Cardinal-Priest of San Clemente
93:
85:
6249:Separation of church and state
5500:Dissolution of the monasteries
4766:History of the Catholic Church
3397:Separation of church and state
1:
5374:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5349:Second Council of the Lateran
4958:Apostles in the New Testament
640:Hayes, Carlton Joseph Huntley
6140:First Council of the Lateran
6075:Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
5488:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5354:Third Council of the Lateran
5344:First Council of the Lateran
4800:Catholic ecumenical councils
835:"Piae postulatio voluntatis"
809:Hussey, Joan Mervyn (1986).
514:First Council of the Lateran
6135:First Battle of Langensalza
6080:Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
784:Reilly, Bernard F. (1995).
757:(in French). Archived from
478:patriarch of Constantinople
71:of Paschal II, 14th century
6404:
6035:Atto (archbishop of Milan)
4834:History of the Roman Curia
4694:Catholic Church portal
569:McLaughlin, Megan (2010).
224:Other popes named Paschal
31:
6280:
6152:Saxon revolt of 1077–1088
5955:
5570:European wars of religion
4881:Eastern Catholic Churches
4682:
4620:Aid to the Church in Need
4241:Vatican Television Center
3886:Eastern Catholic Churches
2670:
2598:
953:
900:
891:
883:
876:
545:A History of the Crusades
497:Pie postulatio voluntatis
421:Pie Postulatio Voluntatis
222:
61:
54:
6055:Gotofredo da Castiglione
5701:Mary of the Divine Heart
5324:Clash against the empire
5276:Second Council of Nicaea
5170:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4562:Communion and Liberation
4026:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3191:Mystici Corporis Christi
3119:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
681:Loughlin, James (1911).
365:, had been engaged with
363:archbishop of Canterbury
6373:Investiture Controversy
6125:Donation of Constantine
6021:Investiture Controversy
5967:Vatican City portal
5319:Investiture Controversy
5175:First Council of Nicaea
3377:Philosophy of canon law
3307:Mariology of the saints
2887:Investiture Controversy
2416:During the Roman Empire
713:New Catholic Dictionary
657:Encyclopædia Britannica
6292:Catholicism portal
5979:Catholicism portal
5790:Second Vatican Council
5676:Our Lady of La Salette
5483:Protestant Reformation
5470:Protestant Reformation
5389:Second Council of Lyon
4778:Ecclesiastical history
4630:Catholic Charities USA
4264:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4252:Vatican Polyglot Press
3302:Mariology of the popes
2940:Protestant Reformation
2621:Catholic Church Portal
2481:Conflicts with the HRE
878:Catholic Church titles
728:Webb, Matilda (2001).
429:Santi Quattro Coronati
424:
290:Ranierius was born in
239:
6210:Divine right of kings
6095:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
5686:First Vatican Council
5384:First Council of Lyon
5148:Constantine the Great
4844:Christian monasticism
4384:Good Shepherd Sisters
4226:Holy See Press Office
3464:Doctors of the Church
3297:Immaculate Conception
3252:Anointing of the Sick
2787:History of the papacy
2397:History of the papacy
852:Sire, H.J.A. (1996).
688:Catholic Encyclopedia
419:
262:, he was created the
6348:Italian Benedictines
6205:College of Cardinals
6045:Antipope Clement III
5863:Sexual abuse scandal
5772:Mit brennender Sorge
5615:Age of Enlightenment
5394:Bernard of Clairvaux
5271:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5210:Council of Chalcedon
4990:Council of Jerusalem
4859:Role in civilization
4839:Religious institutes
4771:By country or region
4257:L'Osservatore Romano
4195:Role in civilisation
3921:Croatian and Serbian
3669:Episcopal conference
3631:St. Peter's Basilica
2989:Sexual abuse scandal
2945:Catholic Reformation
2559:Revolutionary Papacy
2553:Age of Enlightenment
854:The Knights of Malta
761:on 26 September 2007
711:"'Pope Paschal II'.
485:Nicholas Grammaticus
433:sack of Rome in 1084
6318:11th-century births
5691:Papal infallibility
5681:Our Lady of Lourdes
5630:Shimabara Rebellion
5474:Counter-Reformation
4592:Neocatechumenal Way
4557:Charismatic Renewal
4271:Annuario Pontificio
3869:Particular churches
3545:Ecumenical councils
3317:Perpetual virginity
3152:Communitas perfecta
3096:Sermon on the Mount
2406:Antiquity and Early
2210:17th–21st centuries
1924:13th–16th centuries
482:Orthodox Patriarchs
315:Holy Roman emperors
6378:12th-century popes
6368:11th-century popes
6113:Concordat of Worms
6085:Matilda of Tuscany
6070:Henry I of England
5736:Our Lady of Fátima
5525:Ignatius of Loyola
5449:Catherine of Siena
5417:Pope Boniface VIII
5236:Benedict of Nursia
5205:Council of Ephesus
5042:Ante-Nicene period
4995:Split with Judaism
4829:Crusading movement
4429:Premonstratensians
2812:Ante-Nicene period
2690:Lists of Catholics
2541:Reformation Papacy
2535:Renaissance Papacy
2477:(1012–1044 / 1048)
2430:Ostrogothic Papacy
1523:9th–12th centuries
841:. 11 October 2015.
519:Concordat of Worms
447:Matilda of Tuscany
425:
250:, was head of the
6328:Benedictine popes
6300:
6299:
6242:Donation of Pepin
6222:Holy Roman Empire
6200:Clerical celibacy
6040:Pope Callixtus II
5987:
5986:
5947:COVID-19 pandemic
5925:Pope Benedict XVI
5830:Pope John Paul II
5605:Pope Benedict XIV
5591:French Revolution
5575:Thirty Years' War
5565:Robert Bellarmine
5550:John of the Cross
5454:Pope Alexander VI
5439:Council of Vienne
5369:Francis of Assisi
5359:Pope Innocent III
5228:Early Middle Ages
5222:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5160:Arian controversy
5113:
5112:
5061:Apostolic Fathers
4712:
4711:
4122:
4121:
3515:
3338:
3337:
3030:
3007:
3006:
2999:COVID-19 pandemic
2969:French Revolution
2959:Thirty Years' War
2867:Islamic conquests
2780:Apostolic fathers
2715:
2630:
2629:
2594:
2593:
2486:Wandering Papacy
2449:Saeculum obscurum
2422:Under Constantine
1227:5th–8th centuries
1021:1st–4th centuries
1005:papal resignation
910:
909:
901:Succeeded by
683:"Pope Paschal II"
391:Robert I of Capua
254:and ruler of the
229:
228:
193:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
6395:
6290:
6289:
6157:Gregorian Reform
6146:In nomine Domini
6060:Pope Gregory VII
6014:
6007:
6000:
5991:
5977:
5976:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5942:Patriarch Kirill
5815:Pope John Paul I
5620:Anti-clericalism
5600:Pope Innocent XI
5520:Society of Jesus
5505:Council of Trent
5459:Age of Discovery
5404:Late Middle Ages
5306:High Middle Ages
5296:East–West Schism
5180:Pope Sylvester I
5126:
5115:
5025:General epistles
5020:Pauline epistles
4953:John the Baptist
4936:Great Commission
4898:
4849:Catholic culture
4739:
4732:
4725:
4716:
4702:
4701:
4692:
4691:
4434:Redemptoristines
4282:Religious orders
4208:Anti-Catholicism
4158:Church buildings
4018:Catholic liturgy
3758:Consecrated life
3616:Apostolic Palace
3583:Synod of Bishops
3519:
3495:
3101:Ten Commandments
3034:
3016:
2917:Age of Discovery
2751:Great Commission
2719:
2703:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2634:
2618:
2606:
2605:
2526:Early Modern and
2436:Byzantine Papacy
2402:
936:
929:
922:
913:
884:Preceded by
874:
868:
867:
849:
843:
842:
831:
825:
824:
806:
800:
799:
781:
775:
774:
768:
766:
750:
744:
743:
725:
719:
718:
707:
701:
700:
698:
696:
674:
673:
668:
662:
661:
632:
630:
629:
623:
610:
609:
591:
585:
584:
566:
560:
559:
540:
331:Emperor Henry IV
272:Pope Gregory VII
245:
209:
207:
189:March of Tuscany
169:Personal details
156:Created cardinal
123:Previous post(s)
66:
39:
21:
6403:
6402:
6398:
6397:
6396:
6394:
6393:
6392:
6313:Pope Paschal II
6303:
6302:
6301:
6296:
6284:
6276:
6258:
6178:
6174:Walk to Canossa
6130:Excommunication
6105:
6099:
6090:Pope Paschal II
6065:Guido da Velate
6023:
6018:
5988:
5983:
5971:
5961:
5959:
5951:
5873:World Youth Day
5851:
5840:World Youth Day
5784:Pacem in terris
5778:Pope John XXIII
5717:
5644:
5635:Edict of Nantes
5593:
5589:
5579:
5545:Teresa of Ávila
5540:Tridentine Mass
5476:
5472:
5463:
5444:Knights Templar
5398:
5300:
5256:Gregorian chant
5214:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5121:
5109:
5036:
4905:
4893:
4885:
4752:
4750:Catholic Church
4743:
4713:
4708:
4686:
4678:
4657:
4640:Relief Services
4606:
4552:Catholic Action
4542:Military orders
4479:Confraternities
4471:of the faithful
4470:
4463:
4285:
4276:
4212:
4118:
4012:
3871:
3863:
3796:Prior, Prioress
3752:
3645:
3641:Vatican Museums
3592:
3525:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3488:
3413:
3367:Social teaching
3334:
3273:
3218:
3173:One true church
3137:
3114:Sixtine Vulgate
3110:Official Bible
3024:
3020:
3015:
3003:
2921:
2853:
2798:
2768:Petrine primacy
2711:
2707:
2702:
2694:
2666:
2664:Catholic Church
2661:
2631:
2626:
2590:
2573:(1929–present)
2527:
2521:
2475:Tusculan Papacy
2467:
2461:
2442:Frankish Papacy
2407:
2391:
2205:
1919:
1518:
1222:
1016:
949:
947:Catholic Church
940:
906:
897:
889:
872:
871:
864:
851:
850:
846:
833:
832:
828:
821:
808:
807:
803:
796:
783:
782:
778:
764:
762:
753:Suger (Abbot).
752:
751:
747:
740:
727:
726:
722:
709:
708:
704:
694:
692:
680:
671:
669:
665:
638:
627:
625:
624:
613:
606:
593:
592:
588:
581:
568:
567:
563:
556:
542:
541:
537:
532:
510:
443:excommunication
335:excommunication
308:
288:
264:cardinal-priest
252:Catholic Church
232:Pope Paschal II
211:
205:
203:
195:
182:
180:
179:
160:
146:
98:21 January 1118
81:Catholic Church
72:
50:
47:
46:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6401:
6399:
6391:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6305:
6304:
6298:
6297:
6295:
6294:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6266:
6264:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6245:
6244:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6216:Dominium mundi
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6186:
6184:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6171:
6170:
6169:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6119:Dictatus papae
6115:
6109:
6107:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6024:
6019:
6017:
6016:
6009:
6002:
5994:
5985:
5984:
5982:
5981:
5969:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5870:
5865:
5859:
5857:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5780:
5775:
5768:
5763:
5761:Lateran Treaty
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5727:
5725:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5652:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5596:
5594:
5586:Baroque period
5584:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5555:Peter Canisius
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5530:Francis Xavier
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5494:Exsurge Domine
5490:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5434:Pope Clement V
5431:
5430:
5429:
5427:Avignon Papacy
5422:Western Schism
5419:
5414:
5412:Thomas Aquinas
5408:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5266:Saint Boniface
5263:
5258:
5253:
5251:Pope Gregory I
5248:
5243:
5238:
5232:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5190:Biblical canon
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5156:
5155:
5144:
5142:
5123:
5119:Late antiquity
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5066:Pope Clement I
5056:Church Fathers
5053:
5047:
5045:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4912:
4910:
4895:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4856:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4817:Biblical canon
4812:Catholic Bible
4809:
4808:
4807:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4774:
4773:
4762:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4734:
4727:
4719:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4696:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4658:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4616:
4614:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4587:Legion of Mary
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4516:Lay Carmelites
4513:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4475:
4473:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4364:Conceptionists
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4299:Assumptionists
4295:
4293:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4228:
4222:
4220:
4214:
4213:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4132:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4022:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4003:
4001:Syro-Malankara
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3951:Italo-Albanian
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3883:
3877:
3875:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3805:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3769:
3762:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3660:
3658:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3621:Lateran Treaty
3618:
3613:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3547:
3542:
3533:
3531:
3516:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3423:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3357:Moral theology
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3283:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3121:
3116:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3040:
3038:
3031:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2942:
2931:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2872:Pope Gregory I
2869:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2844:Biblical canon
2841:
2839:Late antiquity
2836:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2775:Church fathers
2772:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2727:
2725:
2716:
2709:Ecclesiastical
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2652:
2645:
2637:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2612:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2580:
2568:
2565:Roman Question
2562:
2556:
2555:(c. 1640–1740)
2550:
2547:Baroque Papacy
2544:
2538:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2516:Western Schism
2513:
2510:Avignon Papacy
2507:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2484:
2478:
2471:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2456:Crescentii era
2453:
2445:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2412:
2410:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2262:Alexander VIII
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1645:Anastasius III
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1007:
997:
992:
991:
990:
985:
977:
972:
971:
970:
965:
954:
951:
950:
941:
939:
938:
931:
924:
916:
908:
907:
902:
899:
890:
885:
881:
880:
870:
869:
863:978-0300055023
862:
844:
839:Blessed Gerard
826:
820:978-0198269014
819:
801:
795:978-0631199649
794:
776:
745:
739:978-1902210582
738:
720:
702:
663:
652:Chisholm, Hugh
611:
605:978-0812213867
604:
586:
580:978-0521870054
579:
561:
555:978-0299048341
554:
534:
533:
531:
528:
527:
526:
521:
516:
509:
506:
472:to bridge the
307:
304:
287:
284:
260:Abbey of Cluny
227:
226:
220:
219:
201:
197:
196:
183:
177:
175:
171:
170:
166:
165:
157:
153:
152:
148:
147:
145:
144:
133:
126:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
90:13 August 1099
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
67:
59:
58:
56:Bishop of Rome
52:
51:
48:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6400:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6353:Italian popes
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6343:Cluniac Order
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6308:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6282:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6261:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6217:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6181:
6175:
6172:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6120:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6102:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6015:
6010:
6008:
6003:
6001:
5996:
5995:
5992:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5968:
5958:
5957:
5954:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5854:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5820:Mother Teresa
5818:
5816:
5813:
5810:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5746:Pope Pius XII
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5714:
5713:
5712:Rerum novarum
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5696:Pope Leo XIII
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5666:United States
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5656:Pope Pius VII
5654:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5495:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5471:
5466:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5401:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5339:Scholasticism
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5314:Pope Urban II
5312:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5090:Justin Martyr
5088:
5084:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5039:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5001:
5000:New Testament
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4963:Commissioning
4961:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4907:Apostolic Age
4903:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4794:
4793:Papal primacy
4791:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4740:
4735:
4733:
4728:
4726:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4705:
4697:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4684:
4681:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4635:Home Missions
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4528:Saint Francis
4526:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4511:Saint Dominic
4509:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4324:Bethlehemites
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4283:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4268:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4247:
4246:Vatican Radio
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4231:Vatican Media
4229:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3528:List of popes
3524:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3491:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3416:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3312:Mother of God
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:People of God
3195:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:Infallibility
3183:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3061:Body and soul
3059:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2964:Enlightenment
2962:
2960:
2957:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2935:Protestantism
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2912:Scholasticism
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2897:Schism (1378)
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2882:Schism (1054)
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2658:
2653:
2651:
2646:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2466:High and Late
2464:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2282:Benedict XIII
2280:
2278:
2277:Innocent XIII
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Alexander VII
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2111:Innocent VIII
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2091:Callixtus III
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2011:Boniface VIII
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1910:Celestine III
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:Alexander III
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1875:Anastasius IV
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1775:Sylvester III
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:Benedict VIII
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1284:Anastasius II
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
1000:Pope emeritus
998:
996:
993:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
976:
973:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
958:List of popes
956:
955:
952:
948:
944:
937:
932:
930:
925:
923:
918:
917:
914:
905:
896:
895:
888:
882:
879:
875:
865:
859:
855:
848:
845:
840:
836:
830:
827:
822:
816:
812:
805:
802:
797:
791:
787:
780:
777:
773:
760:
756:
749:
746:
741:
735:
731:
724:
721:
716:
714:
706:
703:
690:
689:
684:
678:
677:public domain
667:
664:
659:
658:
653:
649:
647:
641:
636:
635:public domain
622:
620:
618:
616:
612:
607:
601:
597:
590:
587:
582:
576:
572:
565:
562:
557:
551:
547:
546:
539:
536:
529:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
511:
507:
505:
503:
499:
498:
492:
490:
489:John Agapetus
486:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
451:
448:
444:
439:
436:
434:
430:
422:
418:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
387:
384:
380:
379:King Philip I
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
345:
341:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:Hildebrandine
320:
316:
311:
305:
303:
301:
297:
293:
285:
283:
281:
280:Pope Urban II
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
241:
237:
233:
225:
221:
218:
214:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
176:
172:
167:
164:
158:
154:
149:
142:
138:
134:
131:
128:
127:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
97:
89:
82:
79:
75:
70:
65:
60:
57:
53:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
6269:
6237:Papal States
6214:
6167:Sack of Rome
6144:
6117:
6089:
5934:
5930:Pope Francis
5856:21st century
5805:Pope Paul VI
5782:
5770:
5723:20th century
5710:
5661:Pope Pius IX
5649:19th century
5625:Pope Pius VI
5492:
5364:Latin Empire
5334:Universities
5286:Pope Leo III
5153:Christianity
5138:state church
5130:Great Church
4931:Resurrection
4894:(30–325/476)
4891:Early Church
4876:Latin Church
4871:Papal States
4866:Vatican City
4674:Universities
4506:Third orders
4469:Associations
4459:Visitandines
4454:Trinitarians
4404:Mercedarians
4389:Hieronymites
4334:Camaldoleses
4319:Benedictines
4309:Augustinians
4269:
4262:
4255:
4236:Vatican News
4190:Distinctions
3996:Syro-Malabar
3881:Latin Church
3803:Grand master
3701:Metropolitan
3598:Vatican City
3493:Organisation
3372:Philosophers
3237:Confirmation
3214:In canon law
3208:Subsistit in
3206:
3202:Three states
3189:
3150:
3143:Ecclesiology
3125:Nova Vulgata
3123:
3081:Original sin
3076:Nicene Creed
3066:Divine grace
3025:
2907:Universities
2877:Papal States
2804:Great Church
2746:Resurrection
2723:Early Church
2619:
2607:
2577:World War II
2571:Vatican City
2447:
2418:(until 493)
2382:Benedict XVI
2377:John Paul II
2297:Clement XIII
2292:Benedict XIV
2267:Innocent XII
2201:Clement VIII
2176:Gregory XIII
2156:Marcellus II
2116:Alexander VI
2066:Innocent VII
2031:Benedict XII
1986:Nicholas III
1951:Alexander IV
1941:Celestine IV
1931:Honorius III
1915:Innocent III
1900:Gregory VIII
1860:Celestine II
1845:Callixtus II
1834:
1815:Alexander II
1740:Sylvester II
1720:Benedict VII
1680:Stephen VIII
1565:Benedict III
1419:Adeodatus II
1364:Boniface III
1218:Anastasius I
892:
853:
847:
838:
829:
810:
804:
785:
779:
770:
763:. Retrieved
759:the original
748:
729:
723:
712:
705:
693:. Retrieved
686:
666:
655:
645:
595:
589:
570:
564:
544:
538:
495:
493:
463:
452:
440:
437:
426:
420:
388:
381:and his son
367:King Henry I
352:
312:
309:
289:
286:Early career
268:San Clemente
256:Papal States
247:
242:; 1050
240:Paschalis II
231:
230:
217:Papal States
95:Papacy ended
87:Papacy began
29:
6323:1118 deaths
6227:Investiture
5936:Laudato si'
5731:Pope Pius X
5560:Philip Neri
5535:Pope Pius V
5510:Thomas More
5379:Inquisition
5281:Charlemagne
5241:Monasticism
5051:Persecution
4943:Holy Spirit
4926:Crucifixion
4805:First seven
4664:Health care
4650:Pax Christi
4602:Schoenstatt
4567:Sant'Egidio
4399:Legionaries
4379:Franciscans
4354:Cistercians
4349:Carthusians
4304:Annonciades
4163:Altarpieces
4056:West Syriac
4051:East Syriac
4031:Alexandrian
3655:Holy orders
3636:Swiss Guard
3576:Dicasteries
3571:Roman Curia
3469:Evangelists
3427:Holy Family
3362:Personalism
3352:Natural law
3330:Josephology
3264:Holy orders
2902:Inquisition
2859:Middle Ages
2849:Monasticism
2817:Constantine
2741:Crucifixion
2585:(1945–1991)
2579:(1939–1945)
2567:(1870–1929)
2561:(1775–1848)
2549:(1585–1689)
2543:(1534–1585)
2537:(1417–1534)
2518:(1378–1417)
2512:(1309–1378)
2504:, 1228–1304
2498:, 1262–1297
2492:, 1257–1281
2483:(1048–1257)
2468:Middle Ages
2408:Middle Ages
2372:John Paul I
2347:Benedict XV
2327:Gregory XVI
2302:Clement XIV
2287:Clement XII
2257:Innocent XI
2196:Innocent IX
2191:Gregory XIV
2141:Clement VII
2071:Gregory XII
2061:Boniface IX
2041:Innocent VI
2016:Benedict XI
2006:Celestine V
2001:Nicholas IV
1996:Honorius IV
1946:Innocent IV
1905:Clement III
1855:Innocent II
1850:Honorius II
1840:Gelasius II
1820:Gregory VII
1810:Nicholas II
1770:Benedict IX
1715:Benedict VI
1690:Agapetus II
1665:Stephen VII
1640:Sergius III
1630:Benedict IV
1620:Theodore II
1605:Boniface VI
1504:Stephen III
1484:Gregory III
1474:Constantine
1439:Benedict II
1374:Adeodatus I
1369:Boniface IV
1349:Pelagius II
1309:Boniface II
1249:Celestine I
1188:Sylvester I
1173:Marcellus I
1168:Marcellinus
1103:Callixtus I
1088:Eleutherius
1063:Telesphorus
1053:Alexander I
975:Papal names
904:Gelasius II
695:25 December
648:Paschal II.
399:St. Peter's
357:, in which
319:investiture
163:Gregory VII
117:Gelasius II
103:Predecessor
6307:Categories
6106:and events
5809:coronation
5515:Pope Leo X
5100:Tertullian
5030:Revelation
5005:Background
4419:Oratorians
4374:Dominicans
4344:Carmelites
4339:Camillians
4287:institutes
4100:Tridentine
4036:Antiochian
3956:Macedonian
3901:Belarusian
3791:Provincial
3706:Archbishop
3626:Roman Rota
3588:Properties
3513:By country
3509:Precedence
3474:Confessors
3454:Archangels
3444:Patriarchs
3344:Philosophy
3322:Veneration
3287:Assumption
3257:Last rites
3224:Sacraments
3168:Four marks
2979:Vatican II
2927:Modern era
2763:Succession
2528:Modern Era
2458:(974–1012)
2362:John XXIII
2272:Clement XI
2247:Clement IX
2237:Innocent X
2232:Urban VIII
2227:Gregory XV
2151:Julius III
2086:Nicholas V
2051:Gregory XI
2036:Clement VI
1971:Innocent V
1961:Clement IV
1936:Gregory IX
1890:Lucius III
1870:Eugene III
1835:Paschal II
1825:Victor III
1805:Stephen IX
1790:Damasus II
1785:Clement II
1780:Gregory VI
1755:Sergius IV
1750:John XVIII
1700:Benedict V
1685:Marinus II
1610:Stephen VI
1590:Adrian III
1570:Nicholas I
1555:Sergius II
1550:Gregory IV
1530:Stephen IV
1494:Stephen II
1479:Gregory II
1399:Theodore I
1384:Honorius I
1379:Boniface V
1344:Benedict I
1334:Pelagius I
1319:Agapetus I
1279:Gelasius I
1269:Simplicius
1254:Sixtus III
1244:Boniface I
1234:Innocent I
1098:Zephyrinus
1012:Pope-elect
988:non-extant
898:1099–1118
772:clunisien.
276:succession
206:1118-01-21
135:Legate to
49:Paschal II
6190:Canon law
6104:Documents
6050:Erlembald
5825:Communism
5795:Ecumenism
5141:(380–451)
5133:(180–451)
5122:(313–476)
5044:(100–325)
4660:See also:
4612:Charities
4521:Discalced
4449:Trappists
4444:Theatines
4414:Olivetans
4359:Clarisses
4329:Blue nuns
4314:Basilians
4291:societies
4199:See also:
4085:Mozarabic
4075:Ambrosian
4061:Malankara
4046:Byzantine
4006:Ukrainian
3981:Ruthenian
3946:Hungarian
3931:Ethiopian
3906:Bulgarian
3873:sui iuris
3857:Postulant
3766:Religious
3721:Auxiliary
3716:Coadjutor
3686:Patriarch
3554:Cardinals
3501:Canon law
3497:Hierarchy
3479:Disciples
3402:Relations
3390:Evolution
3381:See also:
3326:See also:
3279:Mariology
3269:Matrimony
3242:Eucharist
3163:Ecumenism
3091:Salvation
3027:Catechism
3022:Tradition
2984:Communism
2832:Chalcedon
2452:(904–964)
2444:(756–857)
2438:(537–752)
2432:(493–537)
2424:(312–337)
2322:Pius VIII
2252:Clement X
2186:Urban VII
2136:Adrian VI
2126:Julius II
2106:Sixtus IV
2081:Eugene IV
2026:John XXII
2021:Clement V
1991:Martin IV
1966:Gregory X
1895:Urban III
1880:Adrian IV
1865:Lucius II
1800:Victor II
1745:John XVII
1735:Gregory V
1710:John XIII
1595:Stephen V
1585:Marinus I
1580:John VIII
1575:Adrian II
1545:Valentine
1540:Eugene II
1535:Paschal I
1469:Sisinnius
1454:Sergius I
1389:Severinus
1354:Gregory I
1324:Silverius
1294:Hormisdas
1289:Symmachus
1274:Felix III
1208:Damasus I
1183:Miltiades
1158:Eutychian
1148:Dionysius
1143:Sixtus II
1138:Stephen I
1128:Cornelius
1048:Evaristus
1043:Clement I
1038:Anacletus
968:canonised
963:graphical
642:(1911). "
470:Alexios I
466:Byzantine
459:Tarragona
371:benefices
348:Guastalla
329:, son of
248:Ranierius
178:Ranierius
143:(1089–90)
132:(1073–78)
113:Successor
69:Miniature
34:Rainerius
6263:See also
6183:Concepts
5835:HIV/AIDS
5329:Crusades
5083:Irenaeus
5076:Ignatius
5071:Polycarp
4921:Ministry
4909:(30–100)
4783:Timeline
4704:Category
4597:Opus Dei
4582:Scouting
4572:Focolare
4439:Servites
4424:Piarists
4369:Crosiers
4105:Anglican
4041:Armenian
3971:Romanian
3961:Maronite
3936:Georgian
3926:Eritrean
3911:Chaldean
3896:Armenian
3891:Albanian
3772:Superior
3731:Emeritus
3711:Diocesan
3564:Advisers
3523:Holy See
3449:Prophets
3407:Politics
3178:Catholic
3158:Councils
3013:Theology
2892:Crusades
2827:Nicaea I
2758:Apostles
2736:Ministry
2705:Timeline
2685:Glossary
2609:Category
2583:Cold War
2357:Pius XII
2337:Leo XIII
2312:Pius VII
2181:Sixtus V
2146:Paul III
2121:Pius III
2076:Martin V
2056:Urban VI
1981:John XXI
1976:Adrian V
1956:Urban IV
1830:Urban II
1765:John XIX
1725:John XIV
1705:Leo VIII
1695:John XII
1600:Formosus
1509:Adrian I
1464:John VII
1414:Vitalian
1409:Eugene I
1404:Martin I
1359:Sabinian
1339:John III
1329:Vigilius
1304:Felix IV
1264:Hilarius
1213:Siricius
1203:Liberius
1198:Julius I
1178:Eusebius
1133:Lucius I
1093:Victor I
1078:Anicetus
1058:Sixtus I
995:Antipope
887:Urban II
644:Paschal
508:See also
468:Emperor
107:Urban II
5800:Judaism
5200:Vulgate
5010:Gospels
4985:Stephen
4902:Origins
4822:Vulgate
4758:General
4748:of the
4746:History
4669:Schools
4625:Caritas
4533:Secular
4499:Workers
4394:Jesuits
4180:Museums
4175:Library
4153:Writers
4148:Artists
4128:Culture
4095:Paul VI
3976:Russian
3966:Melkite
3808:Brother
3786:General
3726:Titular
3696:Primate
3674:Eparchy
3664:Diocese
3611:Outline
3550:College
3540:Francis
3484:Virgins
3459:Martyrs
3385:Science
3292:History
3247:Penance
3232:Baptism
3133:Worship
3106:Vulgate
3054:Kingdom
3049:Trinity
3037:General
2792:Primacy
2700:History
2680:Outline
2502:Perugia
2496:Orvieto
2490:Viterbo
2387:Francis
2367:Paul VI
2352:Pius XI
2332:Pius IX
2317:Leo XII
2307:Pius VI
2166:Pius IV
2161:Paul IV
2101:Paul II
2096:Pius II
2046:Urban V
1730:John XV
1675:Leo VII
1670:John XI
1625:John IX
1615:Romanus
1514:Leo III
1489:Zachary
1459:John VI
1394:John IV
1314:John II
1239:Zosimus
1153:Felix I
1118:Anterus
1113:Pontian
1108:Urban I
1068:Hyginus
945:of the
679::
654:(ed.).
637::
407:Lateran
355:England
327:Henry V
300:Romagna
294:, near
181:1050–55
18:Raniero
6254:Simony
6232:Papacy
6028:People
5766:Nazism
5588:to the
5195:Jerome
5105:Origen
4788:Papacy
4547:Fimcap
4489:Marian
4409:Minims
4141:Marian
3991:Syriac
3986:Slovak
3916:Coptic
3852:Oblate
3847:Master
3842:Novice
3837:Hermit
3825:Sister
3781:Abbess
3748:Deacon
3743:Priest
3738:Parish
3681:Bishop
3651:Polity
3437:Joseph
3419:Saints
3086:Saints
2974:Nazism
2342:Pius X
2222:Paul V
2217:Leo XI
2171:Pius V
1795:Leo IX
1660:Leo VI
1655:John X
1560:Leo IV
1499:Paul I
1444:John V
1434:Leo II
1429:Agatho
1299:John I
1123:Fabian
1073:Pius I
983:extant
979:Tombs
860:
817:
792:
736:
650:". In
631:
602:
577:
552:
474:schism
411:Vienne
395:Norman
375:France
359:Anselm
306:Papacy
151:Orders
137:France
77:Church
6363:Popes
5868:Islam
5136:Roman
5095:Canon
4968:Peter
4916:Jesus
4645:CIDSE
4494:Youth
4218:Media
4185:Music
4110:Zaire
4090:Roman
4080:Braga
4070:Latin
3941:Greek
3813:Friar
3777:Abbot
3691:Major
3606:Index
3505:Laity
3071:Dogma
3018:Bible
2994:Islam
2950:Trent
2731:Jesus
2713:Legal
2675:Index
2131:Leo X
1650:Lando
1635:Leo V
1449:Conon
1424:Donus
1259:Leo I
1163:Caius
1083:Soter
1033:Linus
1028:Peter
943:Popes
765:1 May
530:Notes
383:Louis
344:Mainz
317:over
296:Forlì
292:Bleda
236:Latin
185:Bleda
141:Spain
5918:2023
5913:2019
5908:2016
5903:2013
5898:2011
5893:2008
5888:2005
5883:2002
5878:2000
5845:1995
5015:Acts
4978:Paul
4973:John
4948:Mary
4170:Folk
3818:Monk
3559:List
3537:Pope
3432:Mary
1193:Mark
894:Pope
858:ISBN
815:ISBN
790:ISBN
767:2016
734:ISBN
697:2017
646:s.v.
600:ISBN
575:ISBN
550:ISBN
487:and
403:Alps
340:Diet
213:Rome
200:Died
174:Born
159:1073
139:and
44:Pope
4904:and
4854:Art
4484:Lay
4136:Art
3830:Nun
3552:of
3044:God
393:'s
342:at
278:to
270:by
266:of
161:by
6309::
4289:,
3779:,
837:.
769:.
614:^
461:.
445:.
435:.
361:,
298:,
238::
215:,
191:,
187:,
6013:e
6006:t
5999:v
5811:)
5807:(
4738:e
4731:t
4724:v
4284:,
3768::
3657:)
3653:(
3530:)
3526:(
2656:e
2649:t
2642:v
935:e
928:t
921:v
866:.
823:.
798:.
742:.
717:.
699:.
608:.
583:.
558:.
244:x
234:(
208:)
204:(
36:.
20:)
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