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operational area for civil reconnaissance is collecting civil information relating to the daily interaction between civilians and military forces. Civil information encompasses relational, temporal, geospatial and behavioral information captured in a socio-cultural backdrop. It is information developed from data related to civil areas, structures, capabilities, organizations, people, and events, within the civil component of the commander's operational environment that can be processed to increase situational awareness and understanding. The type of civil information that is needed in order to support military operations varies based on the environment and situation.
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682:(AO), area reconnaissance can focus the reconnaissance on the specific area that is critical to the commander. This technique of focusing the reconnaissance also permits the mission to be accomplished more quickly. Area reconnaissance can thus be a stand-alone mission or a task to a section or the platoon. The commander analyzes the mission to determine whether the platoon will conduct these types of reconnaissance separately or in conjunction with each other.
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and the surrounding area. This methodology focuses mainly prior to moving forces into or near a specified area; the military commander may utilize his reconnaissance assets to conduct an area reconnaissance to avoid being surprised by unsuitable terrain conditions, or most importantly, unexpected enemy forces. The area could be a town, ridge-line, woods, or another feature that friendly forces intend to occupy, pass through, or avoid.
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area to be reconnoitered, and strive for continuous observation of the enemy. They believe in employing reconnaissance units in force as a rule. They expect and are prepared to fight to obtain the desired information. Often they assign supplementary tasks to their reconnaissance units, such as sabotage behind enemy lines, harassment, or counter-reconnaissance.
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do certain things almost without fail. Certain other things, perfectly feasible, they will not do. There is no danger of knowing too much of the mental habits of an enemy. One should neither underestimate the enemy nor credit him with superhuman powers. Fear and courage are latent in every human being, though roused into activity by very diverse means.
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contamination) that may obstruct vehicle movement—on routes to, and in, his assigned area of operations. This requirement includes the size of trees and the density of forests due to their effects on vehicle movement. Route reconnaissance also allows the observation for fields of fire along the route
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Civil reconnaissance is the process of gathering a broad spectrum of civil information about a specific population in support of military operations. It is related to and often performed in conjunction with infrastructure reconnaissance (assessment and survey). Normally the focus of collection in the
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Area reconnaissance refers to the observation, and information obtained, about a specified location and the area around it; it may be terrain-oriented and/or force-oriented. Ideally, a reconnaissance platoon, or team, would use surveillance or vantage (static) points around the objective to observe,
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Only enough reconnaissance troops are sent on a mission to assure superiority in the area to be reconnoitred. Reserves are kept on hand to be committed when the reconnaissance must be intensified, when the original force meets strong enemy opposition, or when the direction and area to be reconnoitred
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While typical reconnaissance forces are small and armed only for self-defense, RIF use considerable (but not decisive) force in order to elicit a strong reaction by the enemy that more accurately reveals its own strength, deployment, preparedness, determination, and other tactical data. The RIF units
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It is imperative that a scout should know the history, tradition, religion, social customs, and superstitions of whatever country or people he is called on to work in or among. This is almost as necessary as to know the physical character of the country, its climate and products. Certain people will
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route reconnaissance by which the enemy could influence movement along that route. For the reconnaissance platoons, or squads, stealth and speed—in conjunction with detailed intelligence-reporting—are most important and crucial. The reconnaissance platoon must remain far enough ahead of the maneuver
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Zone reconnaissance focuses on obtaining detailed information before maneuvering their forces through particular, designated locations. It can be terrain-oriented, force-oriented, or both, as it acquire this information by reconnoitering within—and by maintaining surveillance over—routes, obstacles
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determined that the
Japanese defenders had largely ignored the northern beaches of the island, focusing most of their defensive effort on beaches in the south-west which were more favorable for an amphibious landing. American forces quickly changed their landing location to the northern beaches and
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zone reconnaissance is assigned to gain detailed information about enemy forces within the zone, or when the enemy situation is vague by which the information concerning cross-country traffic-ability is desired. The reconnaissance provides the commander with a detailed picture of how the enemy has
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is oriented on a given route (e.g., a road, a railway, a waterway; i.e., a narrow axis or a general direction of attack) to provide information on route conditions or activities along the route. A military commander relies on information about locations along his determined route: which of those
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The purpose of reconnaissance and the types of units employed to obtain information are similar in the U.S. and the German Armies. German tactical principles of reconnaissance, however, diverge somewhat from those of the U.S. The
Germans stress aggressiveness, attempt to obtain superiority in the
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Reconnaissance-pull is a tactic that is applied at the regiment to division level and defined as locating and rapidly exploiting enemy weaknesses. It is the ability to determine enemy positions and create exploitable gaps through which friendly forces can pass while avoiding obstacles and strong
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is reconnaissance carried out by aircraft (of all types including balloons and uncrewed aircraft). The purpose is to survey weather conditions, map terrain, and may include military purposes such as observing tangible structures, particular areas, and movement of enemy forces.
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A tracker needs to pay close attention to both the environment and the psychology of their enemy. Knowledge of human psychology, sociology, and cultural backgrounds is necessary to know the actions of the enemy and what they will do or where they will go next. Chief of Scouts
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Reconnaissance is a mission to obtain information by visual observation or other detection methods, about the activities and resources of an enemy or potential enemy, or about the meteorologic, hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular area.
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As the platoon conducts this type of zone reconnaissance, its emphasis is on determining the enemy's locations, strengths, and weaknesses. This is the most thorough and complete reconnaissance mission and therefore is very time-intensive.
526:" operation off the southern beach, which resulted in a complete surprise for the Japanese forces. As a result, American forces were able to fight the Japanese force on land, where they had the advantage, leading to light losses and a
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are changed. The
Germans encourage aggressive action against enemy security forces. When their reconnaissance units meet superior enemy forces, they fight a delaying action while other units attempt to flank the enemy.
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route reconnaissance allows the commander to obtain information and capabilities about the adjacent terrain for maneuvering his forces, to include, any obstacles (minefields, barriers, steep ravines, marshy areas, or
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detachments will try to identify difficult terrain in the path of their formation, and attempt to reduce the time it takes to transit the terrain using specialist engineering equipment such as a
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After the armed forces have become stationary during wartime and emergency of peacetime the sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance turns into sanitary and epidemiological
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provide military commanders with photographs of enemy forces and other intelligence. Military forces also use geographical and meteorological information from
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It is paramount to obtain information about the available space in which a force can maneuver without being forced to bunch up due to obstacles.
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The techniques and objectives are not mutually exclusive; it is up to the commander whether they are carried out separately or by the same unit.
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This analysis determines whether the platoon uses single or multiple elements to conduct the reconnaissance, whether it pertains to
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482:) is the act of firing at likely enemy positions to cause the enemy force to reveal their location by moving or by returning fire.
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Engineer
Reconnaissance Team on a mission to determine whether a bridge can be used to support troop and convoy movements.
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can then fall back and report this data, or expand the conflict into a full engagement if enemy weaknesses are revealed.
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that would provide best cover and concealment; bridge by construction type, dimensions, and classification; or for
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using rapid mobility, and in some cases light-armored vehicles for added fire superiority, as the need arises.
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Field Manual (FM) 7–92: The
Infantry Reconnaissance Platoon and Squad (Airborne, Air Assault, Light Infantry)
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reconnaissance focuses on the enemy forces (number, equipment, activities, disposition etc.) and may include
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HANDBOOK ON GERMAN MILITARY FORCES, WAR DEPARTMENT • 15 MARCH 1945 (chapter IV, section II, "Reconnaissance"
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Scouts may also have different tasks to perform for their commanders of higher echelons, for example: the
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Naval forces use aerial and satellite reconnaissance to observe enemy forces. Navies also undertake
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reconnaissance is a survey of the terrain (its features, weather, and other natural observations).
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When referring to reconnaissance, a commander's full intention is to have a vivid picture of his
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and adjacent terrain. This information assists planners as a supplement to map information.
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405:(areas, structures, capabilities, organizations, people and events abbreviated ASCOPE).
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is different from reconnaissance, because spies work as civilians in enemy territory.
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Nazi
Germany's reconnaissance during World War II is described in the following way:
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This article is about military reconnaissance. For other uses of reconnaissance, see
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force to assist in early warning and to prevent the force from becoming surprised.
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Maintaining active RIF can be used to limit, or even deny, enemy reconnaissance.
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Beliakov VD Military
Epidemiology. Textbook in Russian. Leningrad, 1976 p153.
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occupied the zone, enabling him to choose the appropriate course-of-action.
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and medical control of vital and communal activity of the armed forces.
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963:(1st American ed.). New York: Frederick Fell, Inc. p. 222.
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1116:"Civil Reconnaissance; Separating the Insurgent from the Population"
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A textbook example of reconnaissance-pull was documented during the
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Women of
Intelligence: Winning the Second World War with Air Photos
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Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance
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1183:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page & Company. p.
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557:. The commander organizes the reconnaissance platoon based on:
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235:, and military intelligence specialists, using navy ships and
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1074:. Marine Corps Doctrinal Publication. 2007. pp. 11–10.
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situation of the area of possible deployment and action of
1048:"Reconnaissance-pull"—seeking the path of least resistance
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implies collection and transfer of all data available on
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in the reconnaissance role during a public demonstration
1057:(monograph, US Command and General Staff College, 1991)
196:. In military jargon, reconnaissance is abbreviated to
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used specifically to probe an enemy's combat ability.
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reconnaissance focuses on the civil dimension of the
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forces to obtain information about enemy forces, the
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during a night reconnaissance training mission, 2016
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as used by armoured reconnaissance regiments of the
208:(American English), both derived from the root word
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78:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1093:Mel'nichenko P. I., Ogarkov O. I., Lizunov Yu. V.
514:. Aerial photography and the confirmation by the
778:commented on reconnaissance and scouts, saying:
741:chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
623:in various extreme situations, including local
263:
202:(British, Canadian, Australian English) and to
247:to collect raw intelligence; and establishing
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8:
726:In many cases, the commander may act upon a
1022:WAR DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL MANUAL TM-E 30-451
432:Reconnaissance-in-force (RIF) is a type of
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1095:Military Hygiene and Military Epidemiology
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271:Reconnaissance (US Army FM 7-92; Chap. 4)
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940:U.S. military doctrine for reconnaissance
138:Learn how and when to remove this message
3083:List of military strategies and concepts
425:armored reconnaissance vehicle from the
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27:Military observation of enemy activities
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605:Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance
833:in Cuba, 1962, as first revealed by a
831:intermediate-range ballistic missiles
723:or pickup zones, if the need arises.
7:
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219:The types of reconnaissance include
76:adding citations to reliable sources
3543:Idealism in international relations
508:Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion
1072:Marine Corps Operations (MCDP 1-0)
545:photograph of U.S. Marines of the
157:on a recon mission during a field
25:
225:long-range reconnaissance patrols
223:the local area of operations and
3640:Military intelligence collection
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811:and reconnaissance ship of the
63:needs additional citations for
41:. For monitoring activity, see
39:Reconnaissance (disambiguation)
603:for crossing water obstacles.
192:, and civil activities in the
1:
570:troops and support available,
276:The word is derived from the
909:List of reconnaissance units
368:Earth observation satellites
326:Reconnaissance conducted by
3065:Operational manoeuvre group
1223:, The History Press, 2012.
522:planned a small and hasty "
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3498:Peace and conflict studies
3387:Infantry fighting vehicles
1926:Front; Russian land forces
1179:Scouting on Two Continents
1173:Burnham, Frederick Russell
504:United States Marine Corps
342:and civil reconnaissance.
318:team mans Kawasaki KLX250
36:
29:
3585:
3553:International cooperation
2523:Combat information center
1984:Infantry fighting vehicle
1766:Unified combatant command
776:Frederick Russell Burnham
530:that lasted only 9 days.
516:amphibious reconnaissance
447:Other methods consist of
378:Types of reconnaissance:
364:Reconnaissance satellites
340:amphibious reconnaissance
3468:Lists of wars by country
2910:List of military tactics
2028:Self-propelled artillery
1916:Special units by nation:
1359:Protocols and structure:
1148:"Joint Publication 3-57"
1035:"Reconnaissance by fire"
961:A Dictionary of Aviation
959:Wragg, David W. (1974).
854:Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird
30:Not to be confused with
3565:International relations
3558:Crimes against humanity
2205:Other infantry weapons:
1921:Battle Fleet; U.S. Navy
1492:Functional specialties:
858:reconnaissance aircraft
597:engineer reconnaissance
528:relatively short battle
413:Reconnaissance-in-force
241:reconnaissance aircraft
174:military reconnaissance
3533:Conscientious objector
1641:Special reconnaissance
1381:Awards and decorations
925:Special reconnaissance
920:Spatial reconnaissance
916:– airborne pathfinders
877:reconnaissance vehicle
785:
710:
671:
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476:Reconnaissance by fire
471:Reconnaissance-by-fire
468:
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358:intelligence gathering
336:armored reconnaissance
332:special reconnaissance
323:
307:
268:
162:
2553:Torpedo Data Computer
2543:Ship gun fire-control
1121:. NPS. Archived from
1097:. 400 pp., ill. 2005
935:Surveillance aircraft
914:Pathfinder (military)
780:
704:
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576:civil considerations.
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346:Aerial reconnaissance
313:
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153:
3635:Military cartography
3414:Specific modern wars
3362:Vehicles and weapons
3287:Military occupations
1886:Carrier strike group
1219:Halsall, Christine,
1000:. 2001. p. 4.0.
889:Black reconnaissance
716:Route reconnaissance
590:route reconnaissance
354:hydrographic surveys
72:improve this article
3577:Peace organizations
3040:Operations research
2518:Director (military)
2508:Fire-control system
1419:Command and control
1128:on 22 December 2016
573:time available, and
547:1st Marine Division
486:Reconnaissance-pull
449:hit-and-run tactics
3035:Military operation
3002:Tactical objective
2513:Fire-control radar
2429:Military equipment
2371:Anti-ship missiles
1723:Electronic-warfare
1586:Military maneuvers
1571:Combat occupations
1347:Commanding officer
1307:Occupational roles
1053:2016-03-04 at the
998:United States Army
711:
672:
665:Quang Tri Province
551:
512:V Amphibious Corps
502:, utilized by the
434:military operation
430:
393:target acquisition
324:
308:
194:area of operations
163:
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3611:
3538:Anti-war movement
3481:
3480:
3473:Conflicts by time
3098:Counter-offensive
3088:Military campaign
3007:Target saturation
2957:Counterinsurgency
2606:International law
2548:Gun data computer
2417:
2416:
1754:Armies by country
1718:Close air support
1683:Aircraft carriers
1352:Executive officer
1229:978-0-7524-6477-0
1194:978-0-86920-126-8
680:area of operation
249:observation posts
229:U.S. Army Rangers
159:training exercise
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16:(Redirected from
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3630:Maneuver tactics
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3267:Military tactics
3108:Defence in depth
2962:Defeat in detail
2658:Armoured warfare
2596:Military science
2386:Close-in weapons
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1969:Wheeled vehicles
1964:Tracked vehicles
1761:Chain of command
1424:Defense ministry
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736:Terrain-oriented
480:speculative fire
383:Terrain-oriented
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87:"Reconnaissance"
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3321:Other namespace
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2987:Rapid dominance
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128:February 2012
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89: –
88:
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83:Find sources:
77:
73:
67:
66:
61:This article
59:
55:
50:
49:
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40:
33:
19:
3603:
3592:
3571:
3567:}}
3563:{{
3450:}}
3446:{{
3441:}}
3439:World War II
3437:{{
3432:}}
3428:{{
3423:}}
3419:{{
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3407:}}
3403:{{
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3339:}}
3335:{{
3301:
3271:
3251:
3223:
3209:Conscription
3203:
3184:Peace treaty
3170:
2875:Subterranean
2763:Radiological
2703:Conventional
2652:
2631:Early modern
2610:
2537:
2474:
2390:
2350:
2312:
2295:
2260:
2249:Combat knife
2239:Flamethrower
2204:
2200:Sniper rifle
2167:
2156:Machine guns
2142:
2079:
1941:
1915:
1905:
1870:
1775:
1744:Organization
1697:
1651:Naval units:
1650:
1646:Signal corps
1608:
1576:Development:
1575:
1565:
1544:Border guard
1511:
1507:Intelligence
1491:
1430:Armed Forces
1428:
1397:
1358:
1316:
1234:
1220:
1178:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1123:the original
1109:
1094:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1070:"Chap. 11".
1043:
1029:
1017:
1006:
993:
960:
954:
835:Lockheed U-2
803:
781:
772:
763:
757:
755:
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735:
733:
727:
725:
714:
689:
677:
673:
640:surveillance
637:
617:armed forces
594:
589:
585:
581:
579:
552:
543:Night vision
500:World War II
493:
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431:
408:
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305:British Army
281:
275:
269:
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251:. Moreover,
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177:
173:
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155:U.S. Marines
134:
125:
115:
108:
101:
94:
82:
70:Please help
65:verification
62:
43:surveillance
3572:Categories:
3513:Disarmament
3430:World War I
3189:Cooperation
3103:Culminating
3027:Operational
2972:Envelopment
2892:Information
2811:Cold-region
2778:Battlespace
2636:Late modern
2616:Prehistoric
2538:Historical:
2475:Facilities:
2001:Armored car
1876:Naval fleet
1614:Combat arms
1609:Land units:
1566:Categories:
1549:Coast guard
1534:Gendarmerie
1457:Space force
1398:Categories:
1312:Recruitment
1157:29 December
1132:29 December
894:Exploration
872:German Army
856:high-speed
813:German Navy
633:infestation
555:battlespace
423:Type 87 ARV
403:battlespace
210:reconnoitre
182:exploration
32:Renaissance
3619:Categories
3461:Categories
3307:War crimes
3292:Operations
3229:Government
3045:Blitzkrieg
3017:Withdrawal
2868:Underwater
2843:Amphibious
2785:Aerospace
2728:Electronic
2678:Camouflage
2673:Biological
2646:fourth-gen
2641:industrial
2470:Body armor
2458:Camouflage
2439:By country
2284:By country
2095:By country
2080:Artillery:
1994:By country
1911:Combat box
1881:Task force
1849:By country
1832:By country
1786:Field army
1781:Army group
1749:By country
1698:Air units:
1678:Submarines
1559:By country
1386:By country
1302:Technology
946:References
929:recon team
769:Psychology
678:Within an
663:scouts in
661:Montagnard
374:Discipline
320:dirt bikes
314:A two-man
245:satellites
237:submarines
221:patrolling
170:operations
98:newspapers
3328:Templates
3199:Mediation
3179:Alliances
3172:Diplomacy
3148:Offensive
3128:Defensive
3123:Deception
3093:Attrition
2977:Guerrilla
2925:Airbridge
2743:Loitering
2663:Artillery
2601:Diplomacy
2422:Equipment
2376:Torpedoes
2318:Land mine
2274:Anti-tank
2107:Field gun
2085:Artillery
2021:Gun truck
2006:Scout car
1844:Battalion
1737:Structure
1636:Artillery
1554:Logistics
1502:Engineers
1447:Air force
899:Espionage
828:deploying
655:U.S. Army
621:infection
524:deception
330:includes
259:Etymology
253:espionage
3594:Category
3518:Pacifism
3448:Cold War
3405:Aircraft
3224:Related:
3075:Strategy
3060:Maneuver
2997:Swarming
2826:Mountain
2794:Airborne
2733:Infantry
2688:Chemical
2653:By type:
2581:Strategy
2404:Missiles
2332:Sea/Air:
2301:Infantry
2262:Missiles
2119:Howitzer
1935:Vehicles
1901:Squadron
1896:Flotilla
1891:Division
1827:Regiment
1803:Division
1703:Fighters
1666:Littoral
1656:Warships
1619:Infantry
1601:Branches
1487:Reserves
1472:Commando
1376:Uniforms
1287:Military
1280:Concepts
1269:Military
1175:(1926).
1051:Archived
883:See also
609:sanitary
567:terrain,
561:mission,
519:platoons
491:points.
288:Overview
186:military
178:scouting
167:military
3605:Commons
3523:DĂ©tente
3486:Related
3378:Weapons
3346:Weapons
3312:Writers
3282:Battles
3262:Weapons
2967:Foxhole
2942:Cavalry
2930:Airdrop
2920:Airlift
2902:Tactics
2863:Surface
2753:Nuclear
2738:Lawfare
2683:Cavalry
2668:Barrage
2621:Ancient
2611:By era:
2586:Tactics
2563:Warfare
2244:Bayonet
2227:Grenade
2210:Bazooka
2151:Pistols
2100:Battery
2068:Weapons
2054:Weapons
1942:Ground:
1861:Platoon
1854:By type
1837:By type
1820:By type
1815:Brigade
1713:Command
1708:Bombers
1661:Surface
1629:Cavalry
1524:Medical
1482:Militia
1477:Frogman
1452:Marines
1391:Highest
1342:Officer
1322:Soldier
1297:History
1292:Service
788:Gallery
669:Vietnam
510:, from
298:tracked
190:terrain
180:is the
161:in 2003
112:scholar
3597:
3297:Sieges
3234:Nation
3163:Policy
3118:Mosaic
3113:Fabian
3012:Trench
2982:Morale
2947:Charge
2937:Battle
2915:Aerial
2880:Tunnel
2821:Jungle
2816:Desert
2713:Denial
2591:Combat
2576:Battle
2446:Helmet
2392:Aerial
2323:Shells
2313:Other:
2296:Lists:
2291:Mortar
2131:Rocket
1959:Combat
1947:Ground
1871:Naval:
1671:Patrol
1412:Forces
1332:Airman
1327:Sailor
1317:Roles:
1227:
1203:407686
1201:
1191:
1101:
967:
875:Fennek
756:Also,
707:Seabee
564:enemy,
114:
107:
100:
93:
85:
3493:Peace
3369:Tanks
3355:Ranks
3244:Lists
3143:Naval
3133:Depth
2992:Siege
2887:Cyber
2858:Green
2853:Brown
2831:Urban
2799:Space
2748:Music
2723:Drone
2708:Cyber
2693:Class
2533:Radar
2528:Sonar
2485:Lists
2434:Lists
2409:Bombs
2352:Naval
2306:Heavy
2011:Truck
1989:Lists
1974:Armor
1866:Squad
1791:Corps
1776:Land:
1624:Armor
1403:Ranks
1364:Ranks
1151:(PDF)
1126:(PDF)
1119:(PDF)
809:ELINT
806:class
705:U.S.
695:Route
686:Civil
588:, or
534:Types
316:JGSDF
280:word
205:recon
199:recce
119:JSTOR
105:books
3277:Wars
3257:Wars
3138:Goal
2848:Blue
2806:Land
2463:List
2451:List
2399:Guns
2364:List
2344:List
2279:List
2254:List
2232:List
2220:List
2193:List
2181:List
2161:List
2136:List
2124:List
2112:List
2090:List
2073:List
2061:Land
2045:Rail
2033:List
2016:List
1979:Tank
1952:List
1906:Air:
1808:List
1796:List
1517:List
1442:Navy
1437:Army
1369:List
1271:and
1225:ISBN
1199:OCLC
1189:ISBN
1159:2017
1134:2017
1099:ISBN
965:ISBN
804:Oste
748:Zone
658:LRRP
646:Area
627:and
625:wars
611:and
586:zone
582:area
478:(or
427:JSDF
356:and
91:news
3337:War
2838:Sea
2789:Air
2571:War
1273:war
801:An
506:'s
498:of
436:or
216:.
176:or
165:In
74:by
3621::
1197:.
1187:.
1185:19
1062:^
996:.
979:^
849:A
667:,
635:.
584:,
421:A
370:.
360:.
338:,
334:,
296:A
284:.
243:,
239:,
231:,
212:/
172:,
3174::
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2354::
2264::
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1261:e
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1231:.
1205:.
1161:.
1136:.
1037:.
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927:(
837:.
395:.
141:)
135:(
130:)
126:(
116:·
109:·
102:·
95:·
68:.
45:.
34:.
20:)
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