441:
214:
206:
433:
440:
49:
828:
31:
425:
2554:
449:
655:
could have been used thousands of years ago, but that does not imply rooibos tea was made in precolonial times. The traditional method of harvesting and processing rooibos (for making rooibos infusion or decoction tea) could have, at least partly, originated in precolonial times. However, it does not
686:
from pastoralists and hunter-gatherers of the
Cederberg region. The nature of that knowledge was not documented. Given the available data, the origin of rooibos tea can be viewed in the context of the global expansion of tea trade and the colonial habit of drinking Chinese and later Ceylon tea. In
750:
The variety developed by
Nortier has become the mainstay of the rooibos industry enabling it to expand and create income and jobs for inhabitants of rooibos-growing regions. Thanks to Nortier's research, rooibos tea became an iconic national beverage and then a globalised commodity. Production is
746:
Nortier's research was ultimately successful, and he subsequently showed all the local farmers how to germinate their own seeds. The secret lay in scarifying the seed pods. Nortier placed a layer of seeds between two mill stones and ground away some of the seed pod wall. Thereafter the seeds were
719:
By the late 1920s, growing demand for the tea had led to problems with supply of the wild rooibos plants. As a remedy, Pieter le Fras
Nortier, a district surgeon in Clanwilliam and an avid naturalist, proposed to develop a cultivated variety of rooibos to be raised on appropriately-situated land.
711:
by fermenting the tea in barrels. The major hurdle in growing rooibos commercially was that farmers could not germinate the rooibos seeds. The seeds were hard to find and impossible to germinate commercially. A medical doctor by profession and business partner to
Ginsberg, Pieter le Fras Nortier,
603:
Rooibos grades are largely related to the percentage needle or leaf to stem content in the mix. A higher leaf content results in a darker liquor, richer flavour and less "dusty" aftertaste. The high-grade rooibos is exported and does not reach local markets, with major consumers being the EU,
747:
easily propagated. Over the next decade the price of seeds rose to £80 per pound, the most expensive vegetable seed in the world, as farmers rushed to plant rooibos. Today, the seed is gathered by special sifting processes. Nortier is today accepted as the father of the rooibos tea industry.
901:
that have different selected methods of growth and morphology and are dependent on the environment. It is unclear how many ecotypes there might be, given their limited geographic range and the limited literature about genetic diversity. Van der Bank, Van der Bank, &
723:
Bergh harvested a large amount of rooibos in 1925 on his farm
Kleinvlei, in the Pakhuis Mountains. Nortier collected seeds in the Pakhuis Mountains (Rocklands) and in a large valley, called Grootkloof, and those first selected seeds are known as the Nortier-type and Redtea-type.
991:
issued final rules on 6 September 2013 that protects and restricts the use of the names "rooibos", "red bush", "rooibostee", "rooibos tea", "rooitee", and "rooibosch" in the country so that the name cannot be used for things unless they are derived from the
1407:
Iswaldi, I; Arráez-Román, D; Rodríguez-Medina, I; Beltrán-Debón, R; Joven, J; Segura-Carretero, A; Fernández-Gutiérrez, A (2011). "Identification of phenolic compounds in aqueous and ethanolic rooibos extracts (Aspalathus linearis) by HPLC-ESI-MS (TOF/IT)".
690:
It appears that both the indigenous (San and
Khoikhoi) and the colonial inhabitants of rooibos-growing areas contributed to the traditional knowledge of rooibos in some way. For instance, medicinal uses might have been introduced before the 18th century by
667:
The earliest available ethnobotanical records of rooibos tea originate in the late 19th century. No Khoi or San vernacular names of the species have been recorded. Several authors have assumed that the tea originated from the local inhabitants of the
906:(1999) suggest that resprouting populations and reseeding populations have been selected for based on the environment as a way to reduce genetic bottlenecks; however, whether that promotes certain reproductive strategies over others was unclear.
273:
873:
Seeds of wild populations are dispersed by species of ants, whose use as dispersers reduces parent-offspring and sibling-sibling competition. Ants are also helpful in dispersion as they reduce the susceptibility of seeds to other herbivores.
751:
today the economic mainstay of the
Clanwilliam district. In 1948, the University of Stellenbosch awarded Nortier an Honorary Doctorate D.Sc. (Agria) in recognition for his valuable contribution to South African agriculture.
699:
to make tea, including the production processes, such as bruising and oxidising the leaves, is more likely to have been introduced in colonial times by settlers who were accustomed to drinking Asian tea or its substitutes.
672:. Apparently, rooibos tea is a traditional drink of Khoi-descended people of the Cederberg (and "poor whites"). However, that tradition has not been traced further back than the last quarter of the 19th century.
1816:
Stander, M.A.; Brendler, T.; Redelinghuys, H.; Van Wyk, B.-E. (March 2019). "The commercial history of Cape herbal teas and the analysis of phenolic compounds in historic teas from a depository of 1933".
940:, which suggests an alternative way of primary pollination. Some wasps likely play an important role in pollinating the flowers and some wasp species are thought to be specially adapted to accessing the
762:
has a small endemic range in the wild, but horticultural techniques to maximize production have been effective at maintaining cultivation as a semi-wild crop to supply the new demands of the broadening
1451:
Stander, Maria A.; Joubert, Elizabeth; De Beer, Dalene (1 March 2019). "Revisiting the caffeine-free status of rooibos and honeybush herbal teas using specific MRM and high resolution LC-MS methods".
893:
and growth. The nitrogen content in the soil is an important environmental factor for growth, development, and reproduction. Hawkins, Malgas, & Biénabe (2011) suggested that there are multiple
679:
bags and brought them down the steep slopes using donkeys. Rooibos tea was traditionally processed by beating the material on a flat rock with a heavy wooden pole or club or a large wooden hammer.
1289:
Standley, L; Winterton, P; Marnewick, JL; Gelderblom, WC; Joubert, E; Britz, TJ (January 2001). "Influence of processing stages on antimutagenic and antioxidant potentials of rooibos tea".
731:
on his farm of
Eastside and on the farm of Klein Kliphuis. The tiny seeds were very difficult to come by Nortier, who paid the local villagers £5 per matchbox of seeds collected. An aged
1031:, South Africa. It grows in a symbiotic relationship with local micro-organisms. A 2012 South African news item cited concerns regarding the prospects of rooibos farming in the face of
682:
The historical record of the use of rooibos in precolonial and early colonial times is mostly a record of absence. Colonial-era settlers could have learnt about some properties of the
3575:
909:
Wild populations can contain both sprouting and non-sprouting individuals, but cultivated rooibos are typically reseeders, not resprouters, and have higher growth rates. Cultivated
968:
when the plant was virtually unknown there. When it later entered more widespread use, Burke demanded for companies to pay fees to use the name or to cease its use. In 2005, the
1556:
Ku, S. K.; Kwak, S; Kim, Y; Bae, J. S. (2015). "Aspalathin and
Nothofagin from Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) inhibits high glucose-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo".
2387:
972:
and a number of import companies succeeded in defeating the trademark through petitions and lawsuits. After losing one of the cases, Burke surrendered the name to the
720:
Nortier worked on cultivation of the rooibos species in partnership with the farmers Oloff Bergh and
William Riordan and with the encouragement of Benjamin Ginsberg.
3259:
2586:
988:
675:
Traditionally, the local people would climb the mountains and cut the fine needle-like leaves from wild rooibos plants. They then rolled the bunches of leaves into
3580:
1203:
Muofhe, M.L.; Dakora, F.D. (1999). "Nitrogen nutrition in nodulated field plants of the shrub tea legume Aspalathus linearis assessed using N natural abundance".
3373:
3285:
2528:
2473:
866:. Reseeders are killed by fire, but it stimulates their seeds’ germination. Resprouters are not completely killed during a fire and grow back from established
3540:
3535:
1599:
Joubert, E. (1996). "HPLC quantification of the dihydrochalcones, aspalathin and nothofagin in rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis) as affected by processing".
483:
is produced) makes it more expensive than traditional rooibos. It carries a malty and slightly grassy flavour somewhat different from its red counterpart.
3207:
628:, were once used as tea. These plants have simple, rigid, spine-tipped leaves, hence the common name 'stekeltee'. The earliest record of the use of
475:
Generally, the leaves undergo oxidation. This process produces the distinctive reddish-brown colour of rooibos and enhances the flavour. Unoxidised
3450:
3272:
3220:
3347:
2922:
2256:
2223:
3565:
969:
1486:
Krafczyk, Nicole; Woyand, Franziska; Glomb, Marcus A. (2009). "Structure-antioxidant relationship of flavonoids from fermented rooibos".
824:. Seed germination can be slow, but sprouting can be induced by acid treatment. The seeds are hard-shelled and often need scarification.
3555:
2579:
2298:
1011:(PDO) status to "rooibos". Any foodstuff sold as "rooibos" in the EU and several countries outside the bloc must be made by using only
913:
can be selected for certain traits that are desirable for human use. Cultivated plants are diploid with a base chromosome number of 9 (
727:
In 1930, Nortier began conducting experiments with the commercial cultivation of the rooibos plant. He cultivated the first plants at
1521:
Bramati, Lorenzo (2002). "Quantitative Characterization of Flavonoid Compounds in Rooibos Tea ( Aspalathus linearis ) by LC−UV/DAD".
253:
1626:
Rabe, C; Steenkamp, JA; Joubert, E; Burger, JF; Ferreira, D (1994). "Phenolic metabolites from rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis)".
2159:
van der Bank, Michelle; van der Bank, F.H.; van Wyk, B.-E. (March 1999). "Evolution of sprouting versus seeding in
1038:
The use of rooibos and the expansion of its cultivation are threatening other local species of plants endemic to the area such as
644:
the country people make tea" (Thunberg, July 1772, at Paarl). This anecdote is sometimes erroneously associated with rooibos tea (
1324:
996:
plant. It also provides guidance and restrictions for how products that include rooibos and in what measures should use the name
461:
2272:
3463:
3246:
1742:
1008:
707:
ran a variety of experiments at Rondegat Farm and finally cured rooibos. He simulated the traditional Chinese method of making
704:
846:, fire can stimulate resprouting in the species, but the sprouting is less than that of other plants in the Fynbos ecoregion.
3570:
3560:
2572:
957:
925:
is limited. The selection process can include human-mediated pollination, fire suppression, and supplementing soil contents.
348:
for generations, and since the 2000s has gained popularity internationally. The tea has an earthy flavour that is similar to
3277:
2558:
2356:
2040:(rooibos tea): Implications of climate change for livelihoods dependent on both cultivation and harvesting from the wild"
196:
479:
rooibos is also produced, but the more demanding production process for green rooibos (similar to the method by which
48:
3476:
3360:
3290:
2411:"Rhizobial diversity and function in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) plants: A review"
2915:
728:
1979:
Mgwatyu, Yamkela; Stander, Allison Anne; Ferreira, Stephan; Williams, Wesley; Hesse, Uljana (18 February 2020).
3481:
3365:
2442:
1153:
3159:
687:
that case, the rooibos infusion or decoction served as a local replacement for the expensive Asian product.
390:
192:
213:
3121:
713:
380:
3530:
3455:
3225:
2679:
2595:
1929:
Joubert, E.; Gelderblom, W.C.A.; Louw, A.; de Beer, D. (October 2008). "South African herbal teas:
1051:
1028:
799:
175:
1663:"Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) beyond the farm gate: From herbal tea to potential phytopharmaceutical"
3550:
3300:
3181:
2908:
2172:
2051:
1635:
507:
is consumed on its own or flavored by addition of milk, lemon, sugar or honey. It is also served as
432:
3321:
953:
633:
3352:
2299:"Merchandise Marks Act, 1941 (Act 17 of 1941), Final Prohibition on the Use of Certain Words"
1127:
838:, like rooibos, are fire dependent, but rooibos varieties exhibit two different adaptions to fire.
3585:
3502:
3409:
3326:
2882:
2765:
2188:
1911:
1903:
1834:
1581:
1468:
1433:
1389:
1381:
1220:
1115:
266:
43:
604:
particularly Germany, where it is used in creating flavoured blends for loose-leaf tea markets.
205:
3264:
3308:
3168:
3104:
2966:
2887:
2644:
2304:. Republic of South Africa: Department of Trade and Industry. 6 September 2013. Archived from
2252:
2219:
2079:
2016:
1958:
1573:
1538:
1503:
1425:
1306:
1271:
890:
1770:
3401:
3313:
2981:
2422:
2305:
2244:
2211:
2180:
2136:
2126:
2069:
2059:
2006:
1996:
1950:
1895:
1826:
1712:
1674:
1643:
1608:
1565:
1530:
1495:
1460:
1417:
1373:
1298:
1261:
1251:
1212:
1065:
1046:
903:
772:
227:
827:
3545:
3021:
2330:
784:
676:
567:
345:
86:
2176:
2055:
1639:
3378:
3334:
2520:
2074:
2035:
2011:
1980:
1266:
1239:
1238:
Abudureheman, Buhailiqiemu; Yu, Xiaochun; Fang, Dandan; Zhang, Henghui (January 2022).
1109:
1040:
1032:
1004:
937:
73:
2465:
1647:
1332:
739:
dragging seed, she followed them back to their nest and, on breaking it open, found a
3524:
3339:
3079:
3031:
3016:
2956:
2816:
2806:
2801:
2719:
2276:
1838:
1612:
1090:
973:
965:
586:
528:
376:
303:
2192:
1915:
1585:
1472:
1393:
1224:
3507:
3414:
3084:
2991:
2961:
2872:
2684:
2629:
1437:
1357:
1070:
598:
582:
469:
465:
311:
30:
3173:
2248:
3441:
3233:
3153:
2951:
2867:
2755:
2693:
2664:
817:
551:
2427:
2410:
2131:
2098:
1830:
1717:
1700:
1679:
1662:
1464:
664:
used that method to prepare a beverage that they consumed for pleasure as tea.
3099:
3089:
3051:
3041:
2946:
2931:
2877:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2796:
2779:
2714:
2689:
2624:
1954:
1569:
1421:
1256:
1216:
1154:"South Africa's rooibos a hit with tea lovers across the world | CNN Business"
886:
867:
851:
813:
708:
657:
575:
571:
512:
492:
370:
349:
322:
152:
3144:
2215:
3194:
3094:
3036:
2996:
2745:
2704:
2674:
2639:
2614:
795:
669:
563:
547:
543:
500:
480:
457:
397:
142:
3494:
3391:
2083:
2020:
1962:
1791:
1577:
1542:
1507:
1499:
1429:
1310:
1275:
2553:
2206:
Vaughton, Glenda; Ramsey, Mike (2017). "Pollinators and Seed Production".
2001:
424:
3489:
3435:
3386:
3138:
3064:
2976:
2971:
2900:
2811:
2770:
2699:
2494:
2364:
1178:
961:
882:
854:
development for after fires. Typically, there are two classifications of
732:
661:
559:
555:
535:
516:
504:
496:
362:
307:
132:
99:
2564:
921:
18 chromosomes), but the understanding of how this might differ in
448:
393:(1759) for the plant's linear growing structure and needle-like leaves.
3212:
3069:
2847:
2750:
2740:
2724:
2669:
2649:
2634:
2619:
2609:
2184:
1907:
1899:
1385:
1377:
1024:
922:
894:
740:
692:
353:
122:
3238:
2141:
1534:
1302:
3074:
3059:
3026:
3011:
2986:
2857:
2760:
2709:
2654:
2064:
929:
878:
835:
821:
809:
792:
780:
539:
315:
112:
3115:
2357:"S. Africa's rooibos tea joins champagne on EU protection list"
1015:
leaves that are cultivated in the Cederberg region of South Africa.
787:, which is also used to make tea. Like other members of the genus,
3468:
3251:
3199:
3006:
2862:
2852:
826:
508:
447:
439:
431:
423:
212:
204:
60:
1985:) genome size estimation using flow cytometry and K-Mer analyses"
2775:
2659:
3186:
3119:
2904:
2568:
2464:
Rebelo, A.G.; Mtshali, H.; von Staden, L. (10 November 2006).
850:
can be considered facultative and obligate sprouters and have
736:
236:
1974:
1972:
2519:
Rebelo, A.G.; Mtshali, H.; von Staden, L. (17 April 2005).
695:
pastoralists or San hunter-gatherers. Also, the use of the
2154:
2152:
242:
2331:"Disputing a Name, Developing a Geographical Indication"
1771:"S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science"
1240:"Enzymatic Oxidation of Tea Catechins and Its Mechanism"
735:
woman found an unusual seed source: having chanced upon
1099:
International Legume Database & Information Service
2275:. American Herbal Products Association. Archived from
2097:
Hawkins, H.-J.; Malgas, R.; Biénabe, E. (April 2011).
802:, whose plants often depend on fire for reproduction.
254:
245:
1325:"Rooibos tea cappuccino or latte - Cape Point Press"
1128:"(Making the Origin Count: Two Coffees)...And a Tea"
527:
As a fresh leaf, rooibos contains a high content of
239:
233:
3425:
3128:
3050:
2939:
2840:
2789:
2733:
2602:
230:
2388:"SA's rooibos industry receives EU certification"
1701:"The history and ethnobotany of Cape herbal teas"
716:before they are planted in acidic, sandy soil.
401:
384:
368:
360:
295:
2409:Brink, C.; Postma, A.; Jacobs, K. (May 2017).
2239:Berry, Colin; et al. (2008). "Bee Milk".
1114:Note that this website has been superseded by
3576:Products with protected designation of origin
2916:
2580:
2529:South African National Biodiversity Institute
2474:South African National Biodiversity Institute
8:
2445:. News24, IAB South Africa. 27 February 2012
2034:Lötter, Daleen; Maitre, David (April 2014).
1856:. Clanwilliam: JW van Putten. pp. 5–12.
881:, there is a symbiotic relationship between
712:ascertained that seeds require a process of
1661:Joubert, E.; de Beer, D. (1 October 2011).
279:
3116:
2923:
2909:
2901:
2587:
2573:
2565:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1523:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
1291:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
1179:"Aspalathus linearis (Burm.f.) R.Dahlgren"
29:
20:
2426:
2140:
2130:
2073:
2063:
2010:
2000:
1716:
1678:
1364:, a caffeine-less, low-tannin beverage".
1265:
1255:
452:A rooibos-infused liqueur and rooibos tea
1886:) a caffeineless, low-tannin beverage".
1819:Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
1699:Van Wyk, B.-E.; Gorelik, B. (May 2017).
1453:Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
1352:
1350:
612:Three species of the Borboniae group of
1882:Morton, Julia F. (1983). "Rooibos tea (
1488:Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
1082:
956:registered the name "Rooibos" with the
834:response to fire. Plants native to the
581:The processed leaves and stems contain
16:Species of plant in the family Fabaceae
1743:"Rooibos: an ethnographic perspective"
1694:
1692:
1690:
1410:Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
3581:Taxa named by Nicolaas Laurens Burman
1871:. Standard Press Ltd. pp. 52–54.
265:
7:
3301:9a76137e-3830-435b-88d1-1969c5df4872
970:American Herbal Products Association
651:Archaeological records suggest that
499:in hot water, in the same manner as
3541:Crops originating from South Africa
3536:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces
936:is not significantly pollinated by
359:Rooibos was formerly classified as
2734:Snacks, condiments and commodities
2443:"Climate change threatens rooibos"
491:Rooibos is commonly prepared as a
460:, a small mountainous area in the
341:(predominantly in Great Britain).
14:
2495:"Roridula dentata | PlantZAfrica"
367:but is now thought to be part of
329:(especially in Southern Africa),
306:-like member of the plant family
3482:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516159-1
3366:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:475647-1
2552:
2525:Red List of South African Plants
2470:Red List of South African Plants
2208:Seed Development and Germination
989:Department of Trade and Industry
456:Rooibos is usually grown in the
226:
47:
2415:South African Journal of Botany
2165:Plant Systematics and Evolution
2119:South African Journal of Botany
2036:"Modelling the distribution of
1741:Gorelik, Boris (October 2018).
1705:South African Journal of Botany
1667:South African Journal of Botany
1009:protected designation of origin
632:as a source of tea was that of
1331:. 6 March 2014. Archived from
958:US Patent and Trademark Office
321:The leaves are used to make a
1:
2273:"Rooibos Trademark Abandoned"
2249:10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_262
1750:South African Rooibos Council
1648:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86894-6
980:Legal protection of the name
820:fruit. Its flowers make up a
755:Life history and reproduction
636:, who wrote about the use of
534:Rooibos tea does not contain
2361:International Business Times
2115:) are ecologically distinct"
1943:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
1869:In The Land of the Afternoon
1613:10.1016/0308-8146(95)00166-2
1152:Curnow, Robyn (2 May 2012).
791:is considered a part of the
344:The tea has been popular in
3566:Afrikaans words and phrases
2099:"Ecotypes of wild rooibos (
1854:Die Geskiedenis van Rooibos
3602:
3556:Medicinal plants of Africa
2428:10.1016/j.sajb.2016.10.025
2241:Encyclopedia of Entomology
2132:10.1016/j.sajb.2010.09.014
1831:10.1016/j.jfca.2018.11.001
1718:10.1016/j.sajb.2016.11.011
1680:10.1016/j.sajb.2011.07.004
1465:10.1016/j.jfca.2018.12.002
771:is often grouped with the
640:as tea: "Of the leaves of
596:
1955:10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.014
1570:10.1007/s10753-014-0049-1
1422:10.1007/s00216-011-4998-z
1257:10.3390/molecules27030942
779:, another plant from the
420:Production and processing
181:
174:
44:Scientific classification
42:
37:
28:
23:
3095:Korean ginseng root hair
2216:10.1201/9780203740071-17
1867:Green, Lawrence (1949).
948:US trademark controversy
889:structure that promotes
656:necessarily follow that
1852:Van Putten, JW (2000).
1217:10.1023/A:1004514303787
1027:to a small part of the
2466:"Large-leaf Sugarbush"
1500:10.1002/mnfr.200800117
1360:(1983). "Rooibos tea,
1019:Environmental concerns
839:
453:
445:
437:
436:Rooibos tea in a glass
429:
402:
385:
369:
361:
296:
218:
210:
3571:South African cuisine
3561:Nitrogen-fixing crops
2790:Pastries and desserts
2680:Waterblommetjiebredie
2596:South African cuisine
2044:Ecology and Evolution
2002:10.3390/plants9020270
1792:"Aspalathus linearis"
1095:(Burm.f.) R.Dahlgren"
1029:Western Cape Province
1023:The rooibos plant is
960:and so established a
858:in response to fire:
830:
800:Cape Floristic Region
451:
444:Rooibos tea with milk
443:
435:
427:
216:
208:
2561:at Wikimedia Commons
2386:Francke, Robin-Lee.
2210:. pp. 475–490.
1939:Athrixia phylicoides
885:and the underground
822:raceme inflorescence
523:Chemical composition
396:The name rooibos is
3327:Aspalathus linearis
3160:Aspalathus linearis
3130:Aspalathus linearis
2559:Aspalathus linearis
2521:"Thistle Sugarbush"
2311:on 21 December 2014
2279:on 21 December 2014
2177:1999PSyEv.219...27V
2161:Aspalathus linearis
2101:Aspalathus linearis
2056:2014EcoEv...4.1209L
2038:Aspalathus linearis
1983:Aspalathus linearis
1931:Aspalathus linearis
1884:Aspalathus linearis
1640:1994PChem..35.1559R
1362:Aspalathus linearis
1093:Aspalathus linearis
1013:Aspalathus linearis
1000:in their branding.
994:Aspalathus linearis
964:on the name in the
954:Burke International
760:Aspalathus linearis
697:Aspalathus linearis
684:Aspalathus linearis
653:Aspalathus linearis
646:Aspalathus linearis
634:Carl Peter Thunberg
550:. Rooibos contains
542:levels compared to
462:West Coast District
298:Aspalathus linearis
267:[ˈroːi̯bɔs]
185:Aspalathus linearis
2766:Monkey gland sauce
2527:. version 2020.1.
2472:. version 2020.1.
2185:10.1007/bf01090297
1900:10.1007/BF02858780
1378:10.1007/BF02858780
1116:World Flora Online
987:The South African
840:
454:
446:
438:
430:
219:
211:
3518:
3517:
3427:Psoralea linearis
3309:Open Tree of Life
3122:Taxon identifiers
3113:
3112:
3090:Orienta persimmon
2967:Chrysanthemum tea
2898:
2897:
2557:Media related to
2258:978-1-4020-6242-1
2225:978-0-203-74007-1
1535:10.1021/jf025697h
1529:(20): 5513–5519.
1303:10.1021/jf000802d
1053:P. scolymocephala
1003:In May 2021, the
891:nitrogen fixation
856:A. lineraris
836:Fynbos eco-region
705:Benjamin Ginsberg
428:Green rooibos tea
203:
202:
38:Prepared rooibos
3593:
3511:
3510:
3498:
3497:
3485:
3484:
3472:
3471:
3459:
3458:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3404:
3395:
3394:
3382:
3381:
3369:
3368:
3356:
3355:
3343:
3342:
3330:
3329:
3317:
3316:
3304:
3303:
3294:
3293:
3281:
3280:
3268:
3267:
3255:
3254:
3242:
3241:
3229:
3228:
3216:
3215:
3203:
3202:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3176:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3117:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2902:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2566:
2556:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2310:
2303:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2156:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2134:
2110:
2106:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2077:
2067:
2065:10.1002/ece3.985
2050:(8): 1209–1221.
2031:
2025:
2024:
2014:
2004:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1747:
1738:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1696:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1634:(6): 1559–1565.
1623:
1617:
1616:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1358:Morton, Julia F.
1354:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1329:Cape Point Press
1321:
1315:
1314:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1269:
1259:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1124:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1087:
1066:Cyclopia (plant)
1047:Roridula dentata
942:A. linearis
934:A. linearis
928:Like many other
920:
918:
911:A. linearis
899:A. linearis
877:Like most other
848:A. linearis
844:A. linearis
832:A. linearis
816:and produces an
806:A. linearis
789:A. linearis
769:A. linearis
642:Borbonia cordata
568:dihydrochalcones
415:
412:
409:
405:
388:
374:
366:
325:that is called
301:
293:
290:
287:
284:
281:
277:
276:
275:
269:
264:
257:
252:
251:
248:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
232:
187:
167:A. linearis
52:
51:
33:
21:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3506:
3501:
3493:
3488:
3480:
3475:
3467:
3462:
3454:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3421:
3413:
3408:
3400:
3398:
3390:
3385:
3377:
3372:
3364:
3359:
3351:
3346:
3338:
3333:
3325:
3320:
3312:
3307:
3299:
3297:
3289:
3284:
3276:
3271:
3263:
3258:
3250:
3245:
3237:
3232:
3224:
3219:
3211:
3206:
3198:
3193:
3185:
3180:
3172:
3167:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3124:
3114:
3109:
3080:Green moss coin
3046:
3022:Mint herbal tea
2935:
2929:
2899:
2894:
2836:
2785:
2729:
2598:
2593:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2533:
2531:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2417:. Herbal Teas.
2408:
2407:
2403:
2393:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2338:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2259:
2243:. p. 419.
2238:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2033:
2032:
2028:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1888:Economic Botany
1881:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1800:
1798:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1726:
1698:
1697:
1688:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1416:(10): 3643–54.
1406:
1405:
1401:
1366:Economic Botany
1356:
1355:
1348:
1338:
1336:
1335:on 30 July 2017
1323:
1322:
1318:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1162:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1103:
1101:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1062:
1021:
985:
950:
938:cape honey bees
916:
914:
785:Southern Africa
757:
618:A. angustifolia
610:
601:
595:
525:
489:
422:
413:
410:
407:
346:Southern Africa
291:
288:
285:
282:
272:
271:
270:
262:
255:
229:
225:
199:
189:
183:
170:
46:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3599:
3597:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3523:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:wfo-0001054974
3499:
3486:
3473:
3460:
3447:
3431:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3415:wfo-0000211610
3406:
3396:
3383:
3370:
3357:
3344:
3331:
3318:
3305:
3295:
3282:
3269:
3256:
3243:
3230:
3217:
3204:
3191:
3178:
3165:
3150:
3134:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3056:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2905:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2603:Savoury dishes
2600:
2599:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2548:
2547:External links
2545:
2542:
2541:
2511:
2486:
2456:
2434:
2401:
2378:
2348:
2322:
2290:
2264:
2257:
2231:
2224:
2198:
2171:(1–2): 27–38.
2148:
2125:(2): 360–370.
2089:
2026:
1968:
1949:(3): 376–412.
1921:
1894:(2): 164–173.
1874:
1859:
1844:
1808:
1783:
1762:
1724:
1686:
1673:(4): 869–886.
1653:
1628:Phytochemistry
1618:
1607:(4): 403–411.
1601:Food Chemistry
1591:
1548:
1513:
1478:
1443:
1399:
1346:
1316:
1281:
1230:
1211:(2): 181–186.
1205:Plant and Soil
1195:
1170:
1144:
1119:
1110:The Plant List
1081:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1061:
1058:
1041:Protea convexa
1033:climate change
1020:
1017:
1005:European Union
984:
978:
949:
946:
767:tea industry.
756:
753:
609:
606:
594:
591:
587:cinnamic acids
524:
521:
488:
485:
421:
418:
310:that grows in
201:
200:
190:
179:
178:
172:
171:
164:
162:
158:
157:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
77:
76:
71:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3598:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3509:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3448:
3443:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3416:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3032:Fermented tea
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2957:Buckwheat tea
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2926:
2921:
2919:
2914:
2912:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2832:Smuts cookies
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:Mosbolletjies
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:Malva pudding
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:Tomato bredie
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2578:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2560:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2512:
2500:
2499:pza.sanbi.org
2496:
2490:
2487:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2457:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2429:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2405:
2402:
2389:
2382:
2379:
2367:. 9 June 2021
2366:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2307:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2260:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2114:
2102:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1941:– a review".
1940:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1812:
1809:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1564:(1): 445–55.
1563:
1559:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:(5): 635–42.
1493:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1372:(2): 164–73.
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1196:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1086:
1083:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
999:
995:
990:
983:
979:
977:
975:
974:public domain
971:
967:
966:United States
963:
959:
955:
947:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
912:
907:
905:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
875:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
837:
833:
829:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
801:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
776:
770:
766:
761:
754:
752:
748:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
721:
717:
715:
714:scarification
710:
706:
701:
698:
694:
688:
685:
680:
678:
673:
671:
665:
663:
659:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
607:
605:
600:
592:
590:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
532:
531:(vitamin C).
530:
529:ascorbic acid
522:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
486:
484:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
450:
442:
434:
426:
419:
417:
404:
399:
394:
392:
389:was given by
387:
382:
381:specific name
378:
373:
372:
365:
364:
357:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
300:
299:
274:
268:
260:
259:
250:
223:
215:
207:
198:
194:
188:
186:
180:
177:
176:Binomial name
173:
169:
168:
163:
160:
159:
156:
155:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
74:Tracheophytes
72:
69:
66:
65:
62:
59:
56:
55:
50:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3531:Crotalarieae
3426:
3129:
3001:
2997:Mountain tea
2992:Labrador tea
2962:Cannabis tea
2940:Types of tea
2873:Springbokkie
2685:Mealie bread
2630:Chicken feet
2532:. Retrieved
2524:
2514:
2502:. Retrieved
2498:
2489:
2477:. Retrieved
2469:
2459:
2447:. Retrieved
2437:
2418:
2414:
2404:
2392:. Retrieved
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2360:
2351:
2339:. Retrieved
2335:www.wipo.int
2334:
2325:
2313:. Retrieved
2306:the original
2293:
2281:. Retrieved
2277:the original
2267:
2240:
2234:
2207:
2201:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2105:Burm. F
2100:
2092:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2029:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1868:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1799:. Retrieved
1796:PlantZAfrica
1795:
1786:
1774:. Retrieved
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
1749:
1708:
1704:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1561:
1558:Inflammation
1557:
1551:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1337:. Retrieved
1333:the original
1328:
1319:
1297:(1): 114–7.
1294:
1290:
1284:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1183:www.gbif.org
1182:
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1157:
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1132:www.wipo.int
1131:
1122:
1108:– via
1102:. Retrieved
1098:
1092:
1085:
1071:Rooibos wine
1052:
1045:
1039:
1037:
1022:
1012:
1002:
997:
993:
986:
981:
951:
941:
933:
927:
910:
908:
898:
876:
872:
863:
859:
855:
847:
843:
841:
831:
812:and thus an
805:
804:
788:
774:
768:
764:
759:
758:
749:
745:
726:
722:
718:
702:
696:
689:
683:
681:
674:
666:
652:
650:
645:
641:
637:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
611:
602:
599:Food grading
580:
554:, including
538:and has low
533:
526:
490:
476:
474:
470:South Africa
468:province of
466:Western Cape
455:
395:
379:(1980). The
358:
343:
338:
334:
330:
326:
320:
312:South Africa
297:
221:
220:
184:
182:
166:
165:
153:
106:
93:
80:
67:
18:
3551:Herbal teas
3234:iNaturalist
3154:Wikispecies
3085:Korean pine
2952:Black drink
2932:Herbal teas
2868:Rooibos tea
2797:Koeksisters
2694:Mielie-meal
2665:Skilpadjies
2315:20 December
2283:21 December
1755:12 November
1188:15 December
1163:15 December
1137:15 December
868:lignotubers
864:resprouters
818:indehiscent
773:honeybush (
729:Clanwilliam
552:polyphenols
513:cappuccinos
339:redbush tea
139:Subfamily:
87:Angiosperms
3525:Categories
3335:Plant List
3105:Sicklepods
3065:Yellow tea
3052:Korean tea
3042:Oolong tea
2947:Barley tea
2934:or tisanes
2888:Constantia
2878:Umqombothi
2827:Hertzoggie
2822:Tameletjie
2802:Koe'sister
2780:Ouma Rusks
2715:Soetpatats
2625:Bunny chow
2142:2263/15615
1995:(2): 270.
1981:"Rooibos (
1937:spp., and
1801:15 January
1776:23 October
1250:(3): 942.
1077:References
1007:conferred
887:lignotuber
852:lignotuber
814:angiosperm
783:region of
638:A. cordata
630:Aspalathus
626:A. crenata
622:A. cordata
614:Aspalathus
597:See also:
576:nothofagin
572:aspalathin
564:flavanones
406:, meaning
375:following
371:Aspalathus
350:yerba mate
323:herbal tea
263:Afrikaans:
197:R.Dahlgren
154:Aspalathus
3586:Biopiracy
3442:Q39115186
3075:Money tea
3060:Green tea
3037:Green tea
3017:Earl Grey
2982:Honeybush
2746:Chakalaka
2705:Potjiekos
2696:porridge)
2690:Mieliepap
2675:Umngqusho
2640:Frikkadel
2615:Boerewors
2479:13 August
2421:: 80–86.
2394:23 August
1839:105386495
1825:: 66–73.
1711:: 18–38.
1459:: 39–43.
1244:Molecules
952:In 1994,
860:reseeders
796:ecoregion
703:In 1904,
670:Cederberg
616:, namely
556:flavanols
548:green tea
544:black tea
501:black tea
481:green tea
458:Cederberg
398:Afrikaans
161:Species:
143:Faboideae
57:Kingdom:
3495:13032250
3490:Tropicos
3469:516159-1
3436:Wikidata
3392:50326573
3387:Tropicos
3340:ild-6704
3265:10582185
3252:475647-1
3139:Wikidata
2977:Corn tea
2972:Coca tea
2812:Melktert
2771:Peppadew
2756:Droëwors
2700:Potbrood
2504:30 March
2449:27 April
2365:AFP News
2341:30 March
2193:43954578
2113:Fabaceae
2084:24834320
2021:32085566
1963:18621121
1935:Cyclopia
1916:30957644
1586:40016427
1578:25338943
1543:12236672
1508:19156714
1473:91374300
1430:21509483
1394:30957644
1311:11170567
1276:35164208
1225:27188520
1060:See also
962:monopoly
944:flower.
932:plants,
923:ecotypes
895:ecotypes
883:rhizoids
775:Cyclopia
662:Khoikhoi
560:flavones
536:caffeine
517:iced tea
505:infusion
497:steeping
411:red bush
403:rooi bos
386:linearis
377:Dahlgren
363:Psoralea
331:bush tea
308:Fabaceae
289:red bush
133:Fabaceae
129:Family:
100:Eudicots
24:Rooibos
3379:364-290
3213:5348220
3145:Q272181
3070:Red tea
3002:Rooibos
2848:Amarula
2751:Chutney
2741:Biltong
2725:Vetkoek
2670:Sosatie
2650:Isidudu
2635:Dikgobe
2620:Bokkoms
2610:Bobotie
2534:16 July
2371:25 June
2337:. 2018
2173:Bibcode
2075:4020683
2052:Bibcode
2012:7076435
1908:4254477
1636:Bibcode
1438:3247287
1386:4254477
1339:20 July
1267:8840101
1025:endemic
998:rooibos
982:rooibos
904:Van Wyk
879:legumes
798:in the
765:rooibos
741:granary
693:Khoisan
677:hessian
608:History
593:Grading
583:benzoic
464:of the
354:tobacco
335:red tea
327:rooibos
318:biome.
302:, is a
283:
222:Rooibos
209:Flowers
193:Burm.f.
149:Genus:
123:Fabales
119:Order:
61:Plantae
3546:Fynbos
3456:310981
3402:477013
3399:uBio:
3353:ASLI14
3348:PLANTS
3314:406601
3298:NZOR:
3291:155124
3278:506239
3239:447656
3226:310979
3187:702617
3100:Jujube
3027:Matcha
3012:Saloop
2987:Kuding
2858:Boeber
2841:Drinks
2761:Konfyt
2710:Spatlo
2655:Morogo
2645:Gatsby
2255:
2222:
2191:
2109:Dahlg.
2082:
2072:
2019:
2009:
1989:Plants
1961:
1914:
1906:
1837:
1584:
1576:
1541:
1506:
1471:
1436:
1428:
1392:
1384:
1309:
1274:
1264:
1223:
930:Fynbos
810:legume
793:Fynbos
781:Fynbos
709:Keemun
540:tannin
509:lattes
503:. The
493:tisane
391:Burman
316:fynbos
294:), or
113:Rosids
3374:SANBI
3260:IRMNG
3200:ASQLI
3007:Salep
2863:Mageu
2853:Amasi
2776:Rusks
2390:. IOL
2309:(PDF)
2302:(PDF)
2189:S2CID
1912:S2CID
1904:JSTOR
1835:S2CID
1746:(PDF)
1582:S2CID
1469:S2CID
1434:S2CID
1390:S2CID
1382:JSTOR
1221:S2CID
1104:6 May
808:is a
477:green
400:from
337:, or
304:broom
258:-boss
217:Plant
107:Clade
94:Clade
81:Clade
68:Clade
3477:POWO
3464:IPNI
3451:GRIN
3361:POWO
3322:PfaF
3286:NCBI
3273:ITIS
3247:IPNI
3221:GRIN
3208:GBIF
3195:EPPO
3174:HB44
2883:Wine
2660:Samp
2536:2020
2506:2023
2481:2020
2451:2013
2396:2021
2373:2021
2343:2023
2317:2014
2285:2014
2253:ISBN
2220:ISBN
2080:PMID
2017:PMID
1959:PMID
1803:2020
1778:2023
1757:2019
1574:PMID
1539:PMID
1504:PMID
1426:PMID
1341:2017
1307:PMID
1272:PMID
1190:2021
1165:2021
1139:2021
1106:2016
1050:and
862:and
842:For
737:ants
733:Khoi
660:and
624:and
585:and
574:and
280:lit.
3503:WFO
3410:WFO
3182:EoL
3169:CoL
2423:doi
2419:110
2245:doi
2212:doi
2181:doi
2169:219
2163:".
2137:hdl
2127:doi
2070:PMC
2060:doi
2007:PMC
1997:doi
1951:doi
1947:119
1896:doi
1827:doi
1713:doi
1709:110
1675:doi
1644:doi
1609:doi
1566:doi
1531:doi
1496:doi
1461:doi
1418:doi
1414:400
1374:doi
1299:doi
1262:PMC
1252:doi
1213:doi
1209:209
1158:CNN
897:of
658:San
648:).
546:or
515:or
495:by
487:Use
383:of
352:or
314:'s
256:ROY
3527::
3505::
3492::
3479::
3466::
3453::
3438::
3412::
3389::
3376::
3363::
3350::
3337::
3324::
3311::
3288::
3275::
3262::
3249::
3236::
3223::
3210::
3197::
3184::
3171::
3156::
3141::
2523:.
2497:.
2468:.
2413:.
2363:.
2359:.
2333:.
2251:.
2218:.
2187:.
2179:.
2167:.
2151:^
2135:.
2123:77
2121:.
2117:.
2111:,
2107:)
2078:.
2068:.
2058:.
2046:.
2042:.
2015:.
2005:.
1991:.
1987:.
1971:^
1957:.
1945:.
1933:,
1910:.
1902:.
1892:37
1890:.
1833:.
1823:76
1821:.
1794:.
1748:.
1727:^
1707:.
1703:.
1689:^
1671:77
1669:.
1665:.
1642:.
1632:35
1630:.
1605:55
1603:.
1580:.
1572:.
1562:38
1560:.
1537:.
1527:50
1525:.
1502:.
1492:53
1490:.
1467:.
1457:76
1455:.
1432:.
1424:.
1412:.
1388:.
1380:.
1370:37
1368:.
1349:^
1327:.
1305:.
1295:49
1293:.
1270:.
1260:.
1248:27
1246:.
1242:.
1219:.
1207:.
1181:.
1156:.
1130:.
1097:.
1056:.
1044:,
1035:.
976:.
919:=
870:.
743:.
620:,
589:.
578:.
570:,
566:,
562:,
558:,
519:.
511:,
472:.
416:.
356:.
333:,
278:,
261:;
237:ɔɪ
195:)
109::
96::
83::
70::
2924:e
2917:t
2910:v
2782:)
2778:(
2692:(
2588:e
2581:t
2574:v
2538:.
2508:.
2483:.
2453:.
2431:.
2425::
2398:.
2375:.
2345:.
2319:.
2287:.
2261:.
2247::
2228:.
2214::
2195:.
2183::
2175::
2145:.
2139::
2129::
2103:(
2086:.
2062::
2054::
2048:4
2023:.
1999::
1993:9
1965:.
1953::
1918:.
1898::
1841:.
1829::
1805:.
1780:.
1759:.
1721:.
1715::
1683:.
1677::
1650:.
1646::
1638::
1615:.
1611::
1588:.
1568::
1545:.
1533::
1510:.
1498::
1475:.
1463::
1440:.
1420::
1396:.
1376::
1343:.
1313:.
1301::
1278:.
1254::
1227:.
1215::
1192:.
1167:.
1141:.
1112:.
1091:"
917:n
915:2
777:)
414:'
408:'
292:'
286:'
249:/
246:s
243:ɒ
240:b
234:r
231:ˈ
228:/
224:(
191:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
