49:
2022:
605:
479:
2653:
69:
556:
520:
438:
631:
327:
of the spoonbills by
Chesser and colleagues found that the roseate and yellow-billed spoonbills were each other's closest relative, and the two were descended from an early offshoot from the ancestors of the other four spoonbill species. They felt the genetic evidence meant it was equally valid to
348:
Spoonbills are most easily distinguished from ibises in the shape of their bill, which is long and flat and wider at the end. The nostrils are located near the base of the bill so that the bird can breathe while the bill is submerged in water. The eyes are positioned to provide spoonbills with
376:
The female lays a clutch of about three smooth, oval, white eggs and both parents incubate; chicks hatch one at a time rather than all together. The newly hatched young are blind and cannot care for themselves immediately; both parents feed them by partial
381:. Chicks' bills are short and straight, and only gain the characteristic spoonbill shape as they mature. Their feeding continues for a few weeks longer after the family leaves the nest. The primary cause of brood failure appears not to be
373:. The male gathers nesting material—mostly sticks and reeds, sometimes taken from an old nest—the female weaves it into a large, shallow bowl or platform which varies in its shape and structural integrity according to species.
236:
All spoonbills have large, flat, spatulate bills and feed by wading through shallow water, sweeping the partly opened bill from side to side. The moment any small aquatic creature touches the inside of the bill—an
320:(Threskiornithinae). Molecular studies, including a 2013 study, have suggested instead that they form a clade within the family with several cosmopolitan ibis genera, separate from another clade of New World ibises.
233:
and means "broad", referring to the distinctive shape of the bill. Six species are recognised, which although usually placed in a single genus have sometimes been split into three genera.
804:
Chesser, R.Terry; Yeung, Carol K.L.; Yao, Cheng-Te; Tians, Xiu-Hua; Li Shou-Hsien (2010). "Molecular phylogeny of the spoonbills (Aves: Threskiornithidae) based on mitochondrial DNA".
2838:
1753:
2877:
952:
349:
binocular vision, although, when foraging, tactile senses are important too. Like ibises, spoonbills have bare patches of skin around the bill and eyes.
249:—it is snapped shut. Spoonbills generally prefer fresh water to salt but are found in both environments. They need to feed many hours each day.
2812:
525:
A large white species similar to
Eurasian spoonbill, from which it can be distinguished by its pink face and usually paler bill. Its food includes
2851:
443:
Adults and juveniles are largely white with black outer wing-tips and dark bills and legs. Breeds in reed beds, usually without other species.
704:
1746:
696:
675:
Systema
Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
2021:
839:
Matheu, E.; del Hoyo, J. (2020). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A.; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.).
2939:
945:
269:
1739:
2856:
2652:
930:
690:
2864:
2747:
2734:
1528:
2980:
2791:
938:
887:
647:
48:
31:
2882:
340:. However, as the six species were so similar morphologically, keeping them within the one genus made more sense.
2804:
378:
68:
145:
225:. The spoonbills have a global distribution, being found on every continent except Antarctica. The genus name
2957:
1731:
1697:
592:
2674:
604:
2913:
1667:
1142:
1089:
762:"Molecular phylogeny of Threskiornithidae (Aves: Pelecaniformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA"
466:
2752:
2931:
2944:
2892:
2773:
2721:
1539:
1058:
2079:
924:
478:
2585:
1424:
1097:
1048:
749:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 266.
358:
2346:
1245:
761:
1657:
1255:
1187:
1177:
862:
841:
720:
425:
302:
294:
184:
63:
2918:
2617:
2400:
2064:
2411:
2383:
2363:
2900:
2843:
2760:
2212:
2151:
2099:
1883:
1763:
1707:
1677:
1353:
1107:
1079:
974:
821:
786:
700:
618:
507:
324:
313:
130:
56:
2905:
2373:
2130:
1892:
1469:
1320:
1310:
970:
891:
854:
813:
776:
726:
A List of the Genera of Birds : with an
Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus
678:(in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 139.
577:
555:
519:
2605:
1687:
1502:
1399:
585:
543:
274:
1069:
2799:
2786:
2712:
1823:
1808:
1300:
1132:
120:
2974:
2266:
1981:
1563:
866:
669:
639:
455:
283:
265:
230:
190:
164:
2726:
744:
724:
437:
2440:
2315:
2161:
1954:
1802:
1434:
1275:
1210:
1039:
573:
290:
173:
2765:
673:
332:
or alternatively for two of the species to be placed in monotypic genera named as
2869:
2825:
2739:
2706:
2594:
2496:
2353:
2308:
2301:
2192:
2088:
1944:
1932:
1901:
1862:
1771:
1459:
1330:
1291:
1265:
569:
895:
361:, but, so far as is known, only for one season at a time. Most species nest in
2624:
2557:
2541:
2530:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2259:
2252:
2231:
2120:
1921:
1376:
1235:
1226:
1168:
1152:
817:
740:
536:
242:
2697:
825:
2631:
2523:
2461:
2390:
2294:
2245:
2224:
2181:
2171:
1961:
1911:
1847:
1518:
1479:
1415:
1123:
781:
643:
581:
565:
487:
382:
80:
858:
790:
630:
17:
2691:
2574:
2567:
2550:
2506:
2454:
2431:
2330:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2238:
2201:
2140:
1972:
1790:
1767:
1450:
366:
100:
2952:
2817:
2513:
2468:
2447:
1872:
1632:
1025:
1020:
451:
394:
289:
meaning "broad", referring to the distinctive shape of the bill. The
2420:
1784:
532:
526:
491:
447:
308:
They have traditionally been thought to form one of two subfamilies,
238:
90:
2830:
2668:
529:
and other small creatures, and it nests in trees, marshes or rocks.
2926:
2040:
1996:
1796:
1621:
1009:
499:
495:
459:
370:
279:
258:
2778:
990:
962:
362:
317:
246:
222:
110:
2672:
2038:
1821:
1735:
1589:
986:
934:
896:"Ibis, spoonbills, herons, Hamerkop, Shoebill, pelicans"
397:
of spoonbill are distributed over much of the world.
2613:
2563:
2519:
2502:
2396:
2379:
2369:
2359:
2342:
2220:
2177:
2167:
2157:
2147:
2136:
2126:
2116:
2076:
2060:
1950:
1940:
1917:
1907:
1859:
1843:
760:
Ramirez, J.L.; Miyaki, C.Y.; Del Lama, S.N. (2013).
2681:
2604:
2584:
2540:
2430:
2410:
2329:
2211:
2191:
2107:
2098:
2075:
2051:
1995:
1971:
1931:
1891:
1882:
1858:
1834:
1644:
1620:
1553:
1516:
1493:
1448:
1413:
1390:
1367:
1344:
1289:
1224:
1201:
1166:
1121:
1037:
1008:
328:consider all six to be classified within the genus
840:
264:was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist
610:A white spoonbill with a yellow colored bill.
1747:
946:
8:
692:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
561:A large white spoonbill with a black face.
2669:
2335:
2104:
2048:
2035:
1888:
1831:
1818:
1754:
1740:
1732:
1626:
1617:
1586:
1014:
1005:
983:
953:
939:
931:
399:
47:
38:
780:
729:. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 67.
851:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
484:Closely related to Eurasian spoonbills.
402:
282:for "spoonbill" and is derived from the
661:
413:
902:. International Ornithologists' Union
743:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).
636:Adults are large with pink feathers.
7:
2958:24F7A263-0546-4B17-B7CC-371B17C555F3
2932:EBAC931C-487E-E5C9-9BD7-FDFC794AA466
2893:d744b411-ab64-4f57-9d10-7a8a449d41ef
2805:bb097d95-a343-4893-9e5e-aec19d697a93
695:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
853:. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions.
25:
2651:
2020:
900:IOC World Bird List Version 11.2
746:Check-List of Birds of the World
629:
603:
554:
518:
477:
436:
67:
927:on the Internet Bird Collection
769:Genetics and Molecular Research
221:, of large, long-legged wading
1:
995:subfamily: Threskiornithinae
2997:
648:Southeastern United States
411:Common and binomial names
316:, which also includes the
32:Spoonbill (disambiguation)
29:
2647:
2338:
2047:
2034:
2017:
1830:
1817:
1779:
1629:
1616:
1585:
1017:
1004:
982:
818:10.11646/zootaxa.2603.1.2
689:Jobling, James A (2010).
203:
198:
179:
172:
64:Scientific classification
62:
55:
46:
41:
1774:and their extinct allies
1529:Moloka'i flightless ibis
389:Species and distribution
1698:Yellow-billed spoonbill
961:Traditional listing of
782:10.4238/2013.July.30.11
593:Yellow-billed spoonbill
369:, often with ibises or
1096:) and supporting page
859:10.2173/bow.thresk1.01
293:was designated as the
2914:Paleobiology Database
1668:Black-faced spoonbill
1143:White-shouldered ibis
1090:Australian white ibis
842:"Ibises, Spoonbills (
467:Black-faced spoonbill
2800:Fauna Europaea (new)
1540:Maui flightless ibis
1102:T. moluccus pygmaeus
1059:Malagasy sacred ibis
1024:(prefix † indicates
894:, eds. (July 2021).
613:Southeast Australia
278:. The genus name is
30:For other uses, see
1425:American white ibis
1098:Solomons white ibis
1049:African sacred ibis
721:Gray, George Robert
431:Platalea leucorodia
299:Platalea leucorodia
181:Platalea leucorodia
1658:Eurasian spoonbill
1256:Spot-breasted ibis
1188:Southern bald ibis
1178:Northern bald ibis
890:; Donsker, David;
572:(particularly the
426:Eurasian spoonbill
303:George Robert Gray
295:Eurasian spoonbill
185:Eurasian spoonbill
2981:Threskiornithidae
2968:
2967:
2901:Open Tree of Life
2675:Taxon identifiers
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2325:
2324:
2213:Threskiornithinae
2100:Threskiornithidae
2030:
2029:
2015:
2014:
1991:
1990:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1708:Roseate spoonbill
1678:African spoonbill
1640:
1639:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1354:Sharp-tailed ibis
1108:Straw-necked ibis
1084:T. melanocephalus
1080:Black-headed ibis
1033:
1032:
975:Threskiornithidae
892:Rasmussen, Pamela
844:Threskiornithidae
706:978-1-4081-2501-4
653:
652:
619:Roseate spoonbill
598:Platalea flavipes
508:African spoonbill
325:mitochondrial DNA
314:Threskiornithidae
210:
209:
168:
149:
131:Threskiornithidae
57:Roseate spoonbill
16:(Redirected from
2988:
2961:
2960:
2948:
2947:
2935:
2934:
2922:
2921:
2909:
2908:
2896:
2895:
2886:
2885:
2873:
2872:
2870:NBNSYS0000188662
2860:
2859:
2847:
2846:
2834:
2833:
2821:
2820:
2808:
2807:
2795:
2794:
2782:
2781:
2769:
2768:
2756:
2755:
2743:
2742:
2730:
2729:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2670:
2657:
2655:
2615:
2565:
2521:
2504:
2398:
2381:
2371:
2361:
2344:
2336:
2222:
2179:
2169:
2159:
2149:
2138:
2128:
2118:
2105:
2078:
2062:
2049:
2036:
2025:
2024:
1952:
1942:
1919:
1909:
1893:Balaenicipitidae
1889:
1861:
1845:
1832:
1819:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1733:
1627:
1618:
1587:
1470:White-faced ibis
1321:Black-faced ibis
1311:Buff-necked ibis
1015:
1006:
984:
955:
948:
941:
932:
925:Spoonbill videos
912:
911:
909:
907:
884:
878:
877:
875:
873:
848:
836:
830:
829:
801:
795:
794:
784:
775:(3): 2740–2750.
766:
757:
751:
750:
737:
731:
730:
717:
711:
710:
686:
680:
679:
666:
633:
607:
578:Papua New Guinea
558:
522:
481:
440:
400:
385:but starvation.
323:A 2010 study of
312:, in the family
163:
144:
72:
71:
51:
39:
21:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2956:
2951:
2943:
2938:
2930:
2925:
2917:
2912:
2904:
2899:
2891:
2889:
2881:
2876:
2868:
2863:
2855:
2850:
2842:
2837:
2829:
2824:
2816:
2811:
2803:
2798:
2790:
2785:
2777:
2772:
2764:
2759:
2751:
2746:
2738:
2733:
2725:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2677:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2637:
2606:Tigriornithinae
2600:
2580:
2536:
2426:
2406:
2321:
2207:
2187:
2094:
2071:
2043:
2026:
2019:
2011:
1987:
1967:
1927:
1878:
1854:
1826:
1813:
1775:
1760:
1730:
1717:
1688:Royal spoonbill
1650:
1636:
1612:
1573:
1549:
1512:
1503:Madagascar ibis
1489:
1444:
1409:
1400:Bare-faced ibis
1386:
1363:
1340:
1305:T. caerulescens
1285:
1220:
1197:
1162:
1117:
1029:
1000:
978:
959:
921:
916:
915:
905:
903:
886:
885:
881:
871:
869:
838:
837:
833:
812:(2603): 53–60.
803:
802:
798:
764:
759:
758:
754:
739:
738:
734:
719:
718:
714:
707:
688:
687:
683:
668:
667:
663:
658:
621:
595:
586:Pacific Islands
576:); vagrants in
546:
544:Royal spoonbill
510:
469:
428:
391:
357:Spoonbills are
355:
346:
275:Systema Naturae
268:in 1758 in the
255:
194:
188:
162:
143:
66:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2994:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2973:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2949:
2936:
2923:
2910:
2897:
2887:
2874:
2861:
2848:
2835:
2822:
2809:
2796:
2787:Fauna Europaea
2783:
2770:
2757:
2744:
2731:
2718:
2703:
2687:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2610:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2590:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2571:
2561:
2554:
2546:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2527:
2517:
2510:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2416:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2394:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2357:
2350:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2217:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2197:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2165:
2155:
2145:
2134:
2124:
2113:
2111:
2109:incertae sedis
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2084:
2082:
2080:Xenerodiopidae
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2057:
2055:
2053:incertae sedis
2045:
2044:
2039:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1958:
1948:
1937:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1915:
1905:
1897:
1895:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1868:
1866:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1840:
1838:
1836:incertae sedis
1828:
1827:
1824:Pelecaniformes
1822:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1809:Pelecaniformes
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1736:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1705:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1665:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1624:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1568:X. xympithecus
1559:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1536:
1524:
1522:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1499:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1477:
1467:
1464:P. falcinellus
1456:
1454:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1432:
1421:
1419:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1381:M. cayennensis
1373:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1350:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1328:
1318:
1308:
1301:Plumbeous ibis
1297:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1280:B. carunculata
1273:
1263:
1253:
1243:
1232:
1230:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1207:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1185:
1174:
1172:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1150:
1140:
1133:Red-naped ibis
1129:
1127:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1112:T. spinicollis
1105:
1087:
1077:
1066:
1056:
1053:T. aethiopicus
1045:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1018:
1012:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
997:
996:
987:
980:
979:
960:
958:
957:
950:
943:
935:
929:
928:
920:
919:External links
917:
914:
913:
879:
831:
796:
752:
732:
712:
705:
681:
670:Linnaeus, Carl
660:
659:
657:
654:
651:
650:
637:
634:
627:
624:Platalea ajaja
615:
614:
611:
608:
601:
589:
588:
562:
559:
552:
549:Platalea regia
540:
539:
530:
523:
516:
504:
503:
485:
482:
475:
472:Platalea minor
463:
462:
444:
441:
434:
422:
421:
418:
415:
412:
408:
407:
390:
387:
354:
351:
345:
342:
254:
251:
208:
207:
201:
200:
196:
195:
189:
177:
176:
170:
169:
155:
151:
150:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
121:Pelecaniformes
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
60:
59:
53:
52:
44:
43:
27:Genus of birds
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2993:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2656:
2654:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2586:Cochleariinae
2583:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2267:Mesembrinibis
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2023:
2005:
2004:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1849:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1662:P. leucorodia
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1569:
1565:
1564:Jamaican ibis
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1405:
1404:P. infuscatus
1401:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1369:Mesembrinibis
1366:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1246:São Tomé ibis
1244:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:T. solitarius
1071:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
994:
993:
992:
989:
988:
985:
981:
976:
972:
968:
964:
956:
951:
949:
944:
942:
937:
936:
933:
926:
923:
922:
918:
901:
897:
893:
889:
883:
880:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
847:
845:
835:
832:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
800:
797:
792:
788:
783:
778:
774:
770:
763:
756:
753:
748:
747:
742:
736:
733:
728:
727:
722:
716:
713:
708:
702:
698:
694:
693:
685:
682:
677:
676:
671:
665:
662:
655:
649:
645:
641:
640:South America
638:
635:
632:
628:
625:
620:
617:
616:
612:
609:
606:
602:
599:
594:
591:
590:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
560:
557:
553:
550:
545:
542:
541:
538:
534:
531:
528:
524:
521:
517:
514:
513:Platalea alba
509:
506:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:
483:
480:
476:
473:
468:
465:
464:
461:
457:
456:British Isles
453:
449:
446:Northeast of
445:
442:
439:
435:
432:
427:
424:
423:
419:
416:
410:
409:
406:
401:
398:
396:
388:
386:
384:
380:
379:regurgitation
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
352:
350:
343:
341:
339:
335:
331:
326:
321:
319:
315:
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
285:
284:Ancient Greek
281:
277:
276:
271:
270:tenth edition
267:
266:Carl Linnaeus
263:
260:
252:
250:
248:
244:
240:
234:
232:
231:Ancient Greek
229:derives from
228:
224:
220:
219:
215:are a genus,
214:
206:
202:
197:
192:
186:
182:
178:
175:
171:
166:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
147:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
89:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
70:
65:
61:
58:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2682:
2650:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2593:
2573:
2566:
2556:
2549:
2529:
2522:
2512:
2505:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2419:
2399:
2389:
2382:
2372:
2362:
2352:
2347:Ardeagrandis
2345:
2316:Threskiornis
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2200:
2180:
2170:
2162:Rhynchaeites
2160:
2150:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2108:
2087:
2063:
2052:
1980:
1960:
1955:Miopelecanus
1953:
1943:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1871:
1846:
1835:
1803:Aequornithes
1711:
1701:
1691:
1681:
1671:
1661:
1651:(spoonbills)
1646:
1645:
1631:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1567:
1554:
1543:
1532:
1517:
1506:
1494:
1483:
1473:
1463:
1449:
1438:
1435:Scarlet ibis
1428:
1414:
1403:
1391:
1380:
1368:
1357:
1345:
1335:T. branickii
1334:
1325:T. melanopis
1324:
1314:
1304:
1290:
1279:
1276:Wattled ibis
1269:
1259:
1249:
1239:
1225:
1214:
1211:Crested ibis
1202:
1191:
1181:
1167:
1156:
1146:
1137:P. papillosa
1136:
1122:
1111:
1101:
1093:
1083:
1073:
1070:Réunion ibis
1062:
1052:
1040:Threskiornis
1038:
1019:
966:
904:. Retrieved
899:
882:
870:. Retrieved
850:
843:
834:
809:
805:
799:
772:
768:
755:
745:
735:
725:
715:
691:
684:
674:
664:
623:
597:
574:South Island
548:
512:
471:
450:and much of
430:
417:Description
404:
392:
375:
356:
347:
337:
333:
329:
322:
309:
307:
298:
291:type species
286:
273:
261:
256:
235:
226:
217:
216:
212:
211:
204:
180:
174:Type species
158:
157:
140:
36:
2826:iNaturalist
2727:Plataleinae
2707:Wikispecies
2595:Cochlearius
2497:Pilherodius
2354:Calherodius
2309:Theristicus
2302:Thaumatibis
2193:Plataleinae
2089:Xenerodiops
2006:See below ↓
1945:Eopelecanus
1933:Pelecanidae
1902:Balaeniceps
1863:Torotigidae
1702:P. flavipes
1600:Plataleinae
1598:subfamily:
1507:L. cristata
1484:P. ridgwayi
1460:Glossy ibis
1358:C. oxycerca
1331:Andean ibis
1315:T. caudatus
1292:Theristicus
1270:B. hagedash
1266:Hadada ibis
1240:B. olivacea
1157:P. gigantea
1147:P. davisoni
1094:T. moluccus
1063:T. bernieri
888:Gill, Frank
741:Mayr, Ernst
570:New Zealand
564:Throughout
403:Species of
344:Description
310:Plataleinae
141:Plataleinae
137:Subfamily:
42:Spoonbills
2625:Tigriornis
2618:Taphophoyx
2558:Ixobrychus
2542:Botaurinae
2531:Zonerodius
2490:Nyctanassa
2483:Nycticorax
2476:Gorsachius
2401:Proardeola
2260:Lophotibis
2253:Geronticus
2232:Bostrychia
2121:Gerandibis
2065:Ardeacites
1922:Paludiavis
1762:Genera of
1594:Spoonbills
1495:Lophotibis
1377:Green ibis
1250:B. bocagei
1236:Olive ibis
1227:Bostrychia
1182:G. eremita
1169:Geronticus
1153:Giant ibis
967:spoonbills
872:5 December
656:References
646:, and the
537:Madagascar
502:and Japan
458:across to
359:monogamous
245:, or tiny
243:crustacean
213:Spoonbills
205:See text.
18:Spoonbills
2632:Tigrisoma
2524:Zeltornis
2462:Butorides
2412:Agamiinae
2391:Oroanassa
2384:Nyctisoma
2364:Eoceornis
2295:Pseudibis
2246:Eudocimus
2225:Apteribis
2182:Xenicibis
2172:Vadaravis
1962:Pelecanus
1912:Goliathia
1848:Cladornis
1783:Kingdom:
1555:Xenicibis
1544:A. brevis
1533:A. glenos
1519:Apteribis
1480:Puna ibis
1416:Eudocimus
1215:N. nippon
1192:G. calvus
1124:Pseudibis
906:12 August
867:216218320
826:1175-5326
644:Caribbean
582:Indonesia
566:Australia
488:East Asia
454:from the
383:predation
367:reed beds
305:in 1840.
146:Bonaparte
87:Kingdom:
81:Eukaryota
2975:Category
2779:45509055
2740:Platalea
2713:Platalea
2692:Wikidata
2683:Platalea
2575:Zebrilus
2568:Pikaihao
2551:Botaurus
2507:Proardea
2455:Bubulcus
2432:Ardeinae
2331:Ardeidae
2288:Plegadis
2281:Phimosus
2274:Nipponia
2239:Cercibis
2202:Platalea
2152:Protibis
2141:Mopsitta
1973:Scopidae
1884:Pelecani
1791:Chordata
1789:Phylum:
1785:Animalia
1772:pelicans
1712:P. ajaja
1692:P. regia
1672:P. minor
1647:Platalea
1606:Platalea
1474:P. chihi
1451:Plegadis
1439:E. ruber
1429:E. albus
1392:Phimosus
1346:Cercibis
1203:Nipponia
1028:species)
791:23979898
723:(1840).
672:(1758).
405:Platalea
393:The six
353:Breeding
334:Platibis
330:Platalea
262:Platalea
253:Taxonomy
227:Platalea
218:Platalea
199:Species
191:Linnaeus
165:Linnaeus
159:Platalea
127:Family:
101:Chordata
97:Phylum:
91:Animalia
77:Domain:
2953:ZooBank
2844:1371051
2818:2480798
2698:Q208488
2514:Syrigma
2469:Egretta
2448:Ardeola
1873:Torotix
1807:Order:
1801:Clade:
1795:Class:
1682:P. alba
1633:Species
1604:genus:
1260:B. rara
1026:extinct
1021:Species
806:Zootaxa
527:insects
452:Eurasia
395:species
272:of his
154:Genus:
117:Order:
107:Class:
2945:204341
2919:368588
2906:480119
2890:NZOR:
2857:174932
2421:Agamia
2374:Matuku
2131:Milnea
1982:Scopus
1768:herons
991:Ibises
971:family
963:ibises
865:
824:
789:
703:
642:, the
584:, and
533:Africa
492:Taiwan
448:Africa
420:Range
414:Image
371:herons
318:ibises
287:platea
239:insect
193:, 1758
167:, 1758
148:, 1838
2940:WoRMS
2927:Plazi
2883:33577
2839:IRMNG
2792:96669
2441:Ardea
2041:Ardei
1997:Ardei
1622:Genus
1010:Genus
863:S2CID
765:(PDF)
500:Korea
496:China
460:Japan
363:trees
338:Ajaja
301:) by
280:Latin
259:genus
223:birds
2878:NCBI
2852:ITIS
2831:3728
2813:GBIF
2766:6RKC
2753:4591
2748:BOLD
1797:Aves
1764:ibis
965:and
908:2021
874:2017
822:ISSN
810:2603
787:PMID
701:ISBN
568:and
535:and
336:and
257:The
247:fish
111:Aves
2865:NBN
2774:EoL
2761:CoL
2735:AFD
2722:ADW
855:doi
814:doi
777:doi
697:309
365:or
2977::
2955::
2942::
2929::
2916::
2903::
2880::
2867::
2854::
2841::
2828::
2815::
2802::
2789::
2776::
2763::
2750::
2737::
2724::
2709::
2694::
1770:,
1766:,
973::
898:.
861:.
849:.
846:)"
820:.
808:.
785:.
773:12
771:.
767:.
699:.
626:)
600:)
580:,
551:)
515:)
498:,
494:,
490::
474:)
433:)
241:,
2614:†
2564:†
2520:†
2503:†
2397:†
2380:†
2370:†
2360:†
2343:†
2221:†
2178:†
2168:†
2158:†
2148:†
2144:?
2137:†
2127:†
2117:†
2077:†
2068:?
2061:†
1951:†
1941:†
1918:†
1908:†
1865:?
1860:†
1851:?
1844:†
1755:e
1748:t
1741:v
1714:)
1710:(
1704:)
1700:(
1694:)
1690:(
1684:)
1680:(
1674:)
1670:(
1664:)
1660:(
1570:)
1566:(
1562:†
1546:)
1542:(
1538:†
1535:)
1531:(
1527:†
1509:)
1505:(
1486:)
1482:(
1476:)
1472:(
1466:)
1462:(
1441:)
1437:(
1431:)
1427:(
1406:)
1402:(
1383:)
1379:(
1360:)
1356:(
1337:)
1333:(
1327:)
1323:(
1317:)
1313:(
1307:)
1303:(
1282:)
1278:(
1272:)
1268:(
1262:)
1258:(
1252:)
1248:(
1242:)
1238:(
1217:)
1213:(
1194:)
1190:(
1184:)
1180:(
1159:)
1155:(
1149:)
1145:(
1139:)
1135:(
1114:)
1110:(
1104:)
1100:(
1092:(
1086:)
1082:(
1076:)
1072:(
1068:†
1065:)
1061:(
1055:)
1051:(
977:)
969:(
954:e
947:t
940:v
910:.
876:.
857::
828:.
816::
793:.
779::
709:.
622:(
596:(
547:(
511:(
470:(
429:(
297:(
187:)
183:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
