904:
223:– which runs through a pulley at the bottom of the incline. In these designs, one of the pulleys must be designed as a tensioning wheel to avoid slack in the ropes. One advantage of such an installation is the fact that the weight of the rope is balanced between the carriages; therefore, the engine no longer needs to use any power to lift the cable itself. This practice is used on funiculars with slopes below 6%, funiculars using sledges instead of carriages, or any other case where it is not ensured that the descending car is always able to pull out the cable from the pulley in the station on the top of the incline. It is also used in systems where the engine room is located at the lower end of the track (such as the upper half of the
249:
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923:
429:
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972:. Its formal title is a relic of its original configuration, when its two cars operated as a counterbalanced, interconnected pair, always moving in opposite directions, thus meeting the definition of a funicular. However, the system has since been redesigned, and now uses two independently-operating cars that can each ascend or descend on demand, qualifying as a double inclined elevator; the term "funicular" in its title is retained as a historical reference.
3177:
389:
1812:
201:– unpowered pulleys that simply allow the cable to change direction. While one car is pulled upwards by one end of the haul rope, the other car descends the slope at the other end. Since the weight of the two cars is counterbalanced (except for the weight of passengers), no lifting force is required to move them; the engine only has to lift the cable itself and the excess passengers, and supply the energy lost to
692:
241:
323:
40:
212:
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984:
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systems which pull their cars on inclined slopes were built since the 1820s. In the second half of the 19th century the design of a funicular as a transit system emerged. It was especially attractive in comparison with the other systems of the time as counterbalancing of the cars was deemed to be a
587:
on both sides, whereas the inboard wheels are unflanged (and usually wider to allow them to roll over the turnouts more easily). The double-flanged wheels keep the carriages bound to one specific rail at all times. One car has the flanged wheels on the left-hand side, so it follows the leftmost rail,
471:
Early funiculars were built to the four-rail layout, with two separate parallel tracks and separate station platforms at both ends for each vehicle. The two tracks are laid with sufficient space between them for the two carriages to pass at the midpoint. While this layout requires the most land area,
281:
or other types of motor. The bullwheel has two grooves: after the first half turn around it the cable returns via an auxiliary pulley. This arrangement has the advantage of having twice the contact area between the cable and the groove, and returning the downward-moving cable in the same plane as the
337:
Many early funiculars were built using water tanks under the floor of each car, which were filled or emptied until just sufficient imbalance was achieved to allow movement, and a few such funiculars still exist and operate in the same way. The car at the top of the hill is loaded with water until it
285:
For emergency and service purposes two sets of brakes are used at the engine room: the emergency brake directly grips the bullwheel, and the service brake is mounted at the high speed shaft of the gear. In case of an emergency the cars are also equipped with spring-applied, hydraulically opened rail
495:
in the middle. This layout is the narrowest of all and needs only a single platform at each station (though sometimes two platforms are built: one for boarding, one for alighting). However, the required passing loop is more complex and costly to build, since special turnout systems must be in place
764:
in the United States to use the three-rail layout. Three- and two-rail layouts considerably reduced the space required for building a funicular, reducing grading costs on mountain slopes and property costs for urban funiculars. These layouts enabled a funicular boom in the latter half of the 19th
682:
has three stations: one at each end, and a third (Nebozízek) a short way up from the passing loop. Because of this arrangement, carriages are forced to make a technical stop a short distance down from the passing loop as well, for the sole purpose of allowing the other car to call at Nebozízek.
496:
to ensure that each car always enters the correct track at the loop. Furthermore, if a rack for braking is used, that rack can be mounted higher in three-rail and four-rail layouts, making it less sensitive to choking in snowy conditions compared to the two-rail layout.
524:
above and below the passing loop; this allows the system to be nearly as narrow as a two-rail system, with a single platform at each station, while also eliminating the need for the costly junctions either side of the passing loop. The Hill Train at the
651:. Because of the nature of a funicular system, intermediate stations are usually built symmetrically about the mid-point; this allows both cars to call simultaneously at a station. Examples of funiculars with more than two stations include the
603:
596:
in
Switzerland in 1886; since then, the Abt turnout has gained popularity, becoming a standard for modern funiculars. The lack of moving parts on the track makes this system cost-effective and reliable compared to other systems.
508:
has a three-rail layout (with each pair of adjacent rails having its own conduit which the cable runs through), while the section "below" the passing loop has a two-rail layout (with a single conduit shared by both cars). The
776:. Construction began in 1869 and officially opened 28 May 1870 for passenger use. The Monongahela incline also has the distinction of being the first funicular in the United States for strictly passenger use and not freight.
588:
forcing it to run via the left branch of the passing loop; similarly, the other car has them on the right-hand side, meaning it follows the rightmost rail and runs on the right branch of the loop. This system was invented by
483:
In three-rail layouts, the middle rail is shared by both carriages, while each car runs on a different outer rail. To allow the two cars to pass at the halfway point, the middle rail must briefly split into two, forming a
338:
is heavier than the car at the bottom, causing it to descend the hill and pull up the other car. The water is drained at the bottom, and the process repeats with the cars exchanging roles. The movement is controlled by a
733:
has been in continuous operation since 1875 and is both the first underground funicular and the second-oldest underground railway. It remained powered by a steam engine up until it was taken for renovation in 1968.
153:
at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from
903:
208:
For passenger comfort, funicular carriages are often (although not always) constructed so that the floor of the passenger deck is horizontal, and not necessarily parallel to the sloped track.
472:
it is also the only layout that allows both tracks to be perfectly straight, requiring no sheaves on the tracks to keep the cable in place. Examples of four-rail funiculars are the
149:. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a
619:
1128:
2901:
999:
488:. Such systems are narrower and require less rail to construct than four-rail systems; however, they still require separate station platforms for each vehicle.
1846:
579:
Another turnout system, known as the Abt switch, involves no moving parts on the track at all. Instead, the carriages are built with an unconventional
331:
1137:
830:, built in 1888, is the steepest and longest water-powered funicular in the world. It climbs 152 metres (499 ft) vertically on a 58% gradient.
248:
227:) – in such systems, the cable that runs through the top of the incline is still necessary to prevent the carriages from coasting down the incline.
1156:
Kittelson & Assoc; Parsons
Brinckerhoff; KFH Group; Texas A&M Transportation Institute; Arup (2013). "Chapter 11: Glossary and Symbols".
548:
during trailing movements (i.e. away from the passing loop); this procedure also sets the route for the next trip in the opposite direction. The
593:
721:
was built in 1868–69, with the first test run on 23 October 1869. The oldest funicular railway operating in
Britain dates from 1875 and is in
643:—one of them is about to call at Nebozízek station (seen in the foreground), while the other will stop and wait for it to exchange passengers.
2823:
1636:
1526:
1391:
1205:
1175:
365:, Switzerland built in 1899, is of particular interest as it utilizes waste water, coming from a sewage plant at the upper part of the city.
282:
upward-moving one. Modern installations also use high friction liners to enhance the friction between the bullwheel grooves and the cable.
2815:
569:
537:
In the case of two-rail funiculars, various solutions exist for ensuring that a carriage always enters the same track at the passing loop.
860:, Israel, with six stations and a tunnel 1.8 km (1.1 mi) long, is claimed by the Guinness World Records as the "least extensive
266:
In most modern funiculars, neither of the two carriages is equipped with an engine of its own. Instead, the propulsion is provided by an
3425:
376:, opened in 1879, was originally powered by water ballast. In 1912 its energy provision was replaced by a hydraulic engine powered by a
957:
are incorrectly called funiculars. On an inclined elevator the cars operate independently rather than in interconnected pairs, and are
467:
There are three main rail layouts used on funiculars; depending on the system, the track bed can consist of four, three, or two rails.
270:
in the engine room (typically at the upper end of the track); the motor is linked via a speed-reducing gearbox to a large pulley – a
3384:
3213:
1679:
1425:
1366:
1286:
1221:
827:
132:
1706:
810:
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The majority of funiculars have two stations, one at each end of the track. However, some systems have been built with additional
277:– which then controls the movement of the haul rope using friction. Some early funiculars were powered in the same way, but using
3028:
2947:
1993:
1262:. San Francisco, Calif.: International Organization for the Study of Transportation by Rope; Internationaler Seilbahnkongress.
1839:
849:). The oldest of them dates from 1883. 15 remain with almost half in operation, and others in various stages of restoration.
718:
289:
The first funicular caliper brakes which clamp each side of the crown of the rail were invented by the Swiss entrepreneurs
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2000:
3056:
3018:
1950:
1863:
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428:
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at the upper end of the line. If the railway track is not perfectly straight, the cable is guided along the track using
3405:
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2194:
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405:
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Some funicular systems use a mix of different track layouts. An example of this arrangement is the lower half of the
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1988:
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1159:
Transit
Capacity and Quality of Service Manual. Transit Cooperative Highway Research Program (TCRP) Report 165
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838:
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805:
789:. This funicular was destroyed repeatedly by volcanic eruptions and abandoned after the eruption of 1944.
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developed the Abt Switch allowing the two-rail layout, which was used for the first time in 1879 when the
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252:
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1918:
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at each end of the passing loop. These switches are moved into their desired position by the carriage's
1776:
189:
In a funicular, both cars are permanently connected to the opposite ends of the same cable, known as a
342:
using the brake handle of the rack and pinion system engaged with the rack mounted between the rails.
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3255:
3117:
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2010:
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457:
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317:
1530:
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2712:
2339:
2144:
2127:
2050:
1500:
881:
757:
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Until the end of the 1870s, the four-rail parallel-track funicular was the normal configuration.
708:
610:
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501:
358:
290:
224:
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3315:
2870:
2536:
2471:
2437:
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2005:
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1387:
1362:
1282:
1201:
1171:
1028:
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in
Switzerland, with a maximum slope of 110% (47.7°), is the steepest funicular in the world.
560:
526:
155:
1722:
1097:
393:
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3199:
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58:
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2271:
2241:
2184:
2072:
2057:
909:
541:
31:
1225:
299:
1653:
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Some funiculars of this type were later converted to electrical power. For example, the
3238:
3112:
3013:
2993:
2829:
2750:
2541:
2466:
2395:
2189:
1980:
780:
738:
589:
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419:
388:
377:
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267:
1811:
1314:
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3162:
3107:
2702:
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2667:
2662:
2405:
2291:
2174:
2134:
2122:
2015:
1881:
1600:
1071:
1018:
989:
861:
834:
768:
Currently, the United States' oldest and steepest funicular in continuous use is the
700:
434:
369:
146:
142:
1569:
The
Telegraph Hill Railroad was not a cable car line ...; it was a funicular railway
1298:
877:), which hangs from an elevated rail, is the only suspended funicular in the world.
171:
3379:
3267:
3147:
3132:
2932:
2916:
2906:
2875:
2855:
2839:
2800:
2760:
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2420:
2199:
2107:
2020:
1935:
1898:
1684:
1581:
1552:
1430:
1279:
Schienenseilbahnen in aller Welt. Schiefe
Seilebenen, Standseilbahnen, Kabelbahnen.
958:
691:
660:
505:
492:
485:
278:
259:
240:
1255:
674:
A few funiculars with asymmetrically placed stations also exist. For example, the
322:
1195:
3289:
3230:
3152:
2790:
2652:
2622:
2612:
2400:
2367:
2347:
2204:
1965:
1013:
814:
746:
656:
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2962:
2682:
2677:
2597:
2499:
2377:
2357:
2309:
2276:
2246:
2211:
2154:
2082:
2077:
2040:
1970:
1955:
1930:
1913:
1876:
979:
572:
1162:(Third ed.). Washington: Transportation Research Board. pp. 11–20.
17:
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2531:
2521:
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2251:
2236:
2179:
1893:
820:
514:
510:
273:
177:
39:
2216:
1194:
Pyrgidis, Christos N. (2016). "Cable railway systems for steep gradients".
1157:
752:
In the United States, the first funicular to use a two-rail layout was the
3262:
2627:
2617:
2602:
2592:
2571:
2551:
2516:
2494:
2456:
2447:
2410:
2324:
2097:
2067:
1582:"Duquesne Incline, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Other Pennsylvania Inclines"
853:
730:
726:
664:
415:
362:
354:
339:
308:
was also used on some funiculars for speed control or emergency braking.
202:
1451:
3282:
3243:
2942:
2819:
2657:
2587:
2489:
2329:
2301:
2231:
2221:
2117:
211:
1744:
Seitz, Peter (2017), "Auf Bohren, Biegen und
Brechen durch den Berg",
1529:[Tünel Chronology] (in Turkish). İETT - Tunnel. Archived from
717:) opened in 1862, followed by other lines in 1878, 1891 and 1900. The
219:
In some installations, the cars are also attached to a second cable –
2642:
2637:
2556:
2261:
2087:
1940:
679:
584:
491:
In a two-rail layout, both cars share the entire track except at the
198:
194:
150:
3329:
1824:
1167:
983:
756:
in San
Francisco, which was in operation from 1884 until 1886. The
625:
Wheelset of a two-rail funicular with the Abt switch turnout system
3191:
2352:
1384:
Franz Josef Bucher und Josef Durrer – Hotelkönig / Bergbahnpionier
1197:
965:
932:
913:
857:
690:
668:
634:
387:
350:
321:
247:
239:
210:
166:
145:
system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep
38:
1467:"Carmelit Haifa – The most convenient way to get around the city"
890:, capable of moving 215 t, is said to have the highest capacity.
671:, Israel (six stations, three on each side of the passing loop).
326:
The wastewater-powered Fribourg funicular featuring an Abt switch
2717:
2672:
2286:
2149:
1407:
357:
is one of the extant systems of this type. Another example, the
44:
3195:
1828:
695:
Tünel in Istanbul, launched in 1875, Karaköy station as of 2006
1871:
88:
1680:"World's steepest funicular rail line to open in Switzerland"
864:" in the world. Technically, it is an underground funicular.
64:
124:
1557:
The Cable Car Home Page – Cable Car Lines in San Francisco
1260:
International Organization for the Study of Transportation
884:
is the only funicular in the world powered by wastewater.
380:. In 1948 this in turn was replaced by an electric motor.
106:
82:
1130:
The Giessbach Funicular with the World's First Abt Switch
118:
100:
79:
73:
941:
Despite their names, neither system is a true funicular.
552:
is an example of a funicular that utilizes this system.
1426:"A Lasting Stink: Fribourg's Sewage-Powered Funicular"
613:
passing each other at a switch-controlled passing loop
1333:"Cable-Propelled People Movers in Urban Environments"
133:
112:
94:
76:
70:
61:
1707:"Landslip closes Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway."
1654:"Ten Bournemouth facts football fans might not know"
1315:"Ceremonial Inauguration of the New Stoos Funicular"
809:, the smallest public funicular in the world is the
85:
3337:
3298:
3229:
3075:
3042:
2971:
2925:
2889:
2848:
2711:
2580:
2480:
2446:
2386:
2338:
2300:
2163:
1979:
1862:
1410:. Transports publics fribourgeois Holding (TPF) SA.
67:
1070:
817:, England, which is 39 metres (128 ft) long.
30:For the mathematical and architectural curve, see
158:, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.
480:, and most cliff railways in the United Kingdom.
1419:
1417:
3207:
1840:
8:
872:
712:
520:Some four-rail funiculars have their tracks
392:Track layouts used in funiculars – in
330:For a list of water-powered funiculars, see
1461:
1459:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
3295:
3214:
3200:
3192:
1847:
1833:
1825:
1601:"Thomas Cook & Son's Vesuvius Railway"
1326:
1324:
1189:
1187:
193:; this haul rope runs through a system of
1725:(in German). Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe AG
1488:Petřín Funicular (Lanová dráha na Petřín)
1249:
1247:
1245:
1243:
332:Category:Water-powered funicular railways
1361:. Erstausgabe: Christoph Berger, Stans.
1138:American Society of Mechanical Engineers
293:and Josef Durrer and implemented at the
1309:
1307:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1062:
760:in Altadena, California, was the first
599:
533:Turnout systems for two-rail funiculars
609:The two cars on the upper half of the
540:One such solution involves installing
1777:"7 Line Extension Inclined Elevators"
1254:Hofmann, Gottfried (3 January 2007).
1224:. Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from
659:(five stations, including one at the
529:is an example of this configuration.
205:by the cars' wheels and the pulleys.
7:
1608:Japan Railway & Transport Review
1408:"Funiculaire Neuveville – St-Pierre"
1098:participating institution membership
1501:"Blunder traps eight on cliff lift"
3019:Transit-oriented development (TOD)
1678:Willsher, Kim (15 December 2017).
1627:. Guinness World Records. p.
894:Comparison with inclined elevators
783:inspired the Italian popular song
25:
1000:All pages with titles containing
828:Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway
583:design: the outboard wheels have
460:, Portugal – a two-rail funicular
3328:
3175:
3029:Transportation demand management
1810:
1621:Records, Guinness World (2014).
982:
921:
902:
618:
602:
559:
504:, where the section "above" the
446:
427:
404:
57:
1359:Das kleine Buch vom Stanserhorn
1256:"Advanced funicular technology"
1200:. CRC Press. pp. 251–260.
594:Lugano Città–Stazione funicular
1340:Transportation Research Record
1317:. Garaventa. 18 December 2017.
811:Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway
719:Budapest Castle Hill Funicular
1:
2001:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
1815:The dictionary definition of
592:and first implemented on the
3057:Passenger information system
837:in Chile used to have up to
2195:Demand-responsive transport
2093:Medium-capacity rail system
1559:. Joe Thompson. 1 July 2009
1424:Kirk, Mimi (16 June 2016).
1051:song celebrating funiculars
888:Standseilbahn Linth-Limmern
3442:
3426:Vertical transport devices
2958:Public transport timetable
1989:Passenger rail terminology
1599:Smith, Paul (March 1998).
1357:Berger, Christoph (2005).
1034:List of funicular railways
946:
869:Dresden Suspension Railway
799:List of funicular railways
796:
329:
315:
304:, opened in 1893. The Abt
29:
3365:
3326:
3171:
2989:Green transport hierarchy
2726:Automated fare collection
1586:inclinedplane.tripod.com/
1553:"Telegraph Hill Railroad"
1078:Oxford English Dictionary
779:In 1880 the funicular of
138:-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-
3024:Transportation authority
1785:MTA Capital Construction
1281:Birkhäuser, Basel 1975,
774:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
478:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
441:– a three-rail funicular
3088:Bus rapid transit creep
3034:Transportation planning
1748:(in German) (19): 34-38
1083:Oxford University Press
754:Telegraph Hill Railroad
704:cost-cutting solution.
527:Legoland Windsor Resort
439:Los Angeles, California
422:– a four-rail funicular
412:East Hill Cliff Railway
2786:Manual fare collection
2766:Farebox recovery ratio
2257:Personal rapid transit
1624:Guinness World Records
1382:Cuonz, Romano (2015).
873:
846:
839:30 funicular elevators
806:Guinness World Records
725:, North Yorkshire. In
713:
707:The first line of the
696:
644:
517:also has this layout.
397:
396:click to move the cars
327:
312:Water counterbalancing
306:rack and pinion system
263:
245:
231:Types of power systems
216:
176:
170:
48:
3143:Sustainable transport
3123:Passenger load factor
2938:Clock-face scheduling
2771:Free public transport
2623:Bus turnout (bus bay)
2320:Real-time ridesharing
2113:Platform screen doors
1652:Lowbridge, Caroline.
1386:. Brunner Medien AG.
964:A notable example is
694:
649:intermediate stations
638:
391:
325:
295:Stanserhorn funicular
262:rack and pinion brake
251:
244:Funicular drive train
243:
214:
42:
27:Form of cable railway
3182:Transport portal
3118:Outline of transport
2811:Reduced fare program
2781:Integrated ticketing
2736:Contract of carriage
2547:Personal transporter
2103:Narrow-gauge railway
1951:Rail replacement bus
1452:Wellington Cable Car
1301:– Great Orme Tramway
970:Montmartre Funicular
793:Exceptional examples
714:Funiculaires de Lyon
653:Wellington Cable Car
639:The two cars of the
175:, the diminutive of
3158:Transport economics
2953:On-time performance
2948:Night (owl) service
2648:Interchange station
2527:Horse-drawn vehicle
2315:Flexible carpooling
2123:Metro/Rapid Transit
1765:. LEITNER ropeways.
1527:"Tünel Kronolojisi"
1331:Neumann, Edward S.
1081:(Online ed.).
1039:Steep grade railway
1009:Cable car (railway)
874:Dresden Schwebebahn
770:Monongahela Incline
743:Giessbach Funicular
349:built in 1882 near
347:Bom Jesus funicular
318:Waterbalast railway
3406:Funicular railways
2912:Standing passenger
2175:Auto rickshaw taxi
2145:Suspension railway
2128:Rubber-tyred metro
2051:Heritage streetcar
1956:Share taxi/Taxibus
1533:on 8 November 2017
1045:Funiculì, Funiculà
955:inclined elevators
882:Fribourg funicular
786:Funiculì, Funiculà
758:Mount Lowe Railway
709:Funiculars of Lyon
697:
645:
611:Great Orme Tramway
550:Great Orme Tramway
502:Great Orme Tramway
398:
359:Fribourg funicular
328:
291:Franz Josef Bucher
264:
246:
225:Great Orme Tramway
217:
181:, meaning 'rope'.
156:inclined elevators
49:
3416:Rail technologies
3411:French inventions
3393:
3392:
3357:Inclined elevator
3324:
3323:
3189:
3188:
2881:Transport network
2871:Non-revenue track
2537:Inclined elevator
2472:Inclined elevator
2438:Inclined elevator
2063:Higher-speed rail
2006:Airport rail link
1889:Bus rapid transit
1712:, 31 August 2018.
1638:978-1-908843-63-0
1393:978-3-03727-063-9
1207:978-1-4822-6215-5
1177:978-0-309-28344-1
1096:(Subscription or
1029:Inclined elevator
949:Inclined elevator
803:According to the
165:derives from the
16:(Redirected from
3433:
3421:Railways by type
3370:Material ropeway
3332:
3296:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3193:
3180:
3179:
3098:Destination sign
3062:Platform display
3052:Destination sign
3009:Transit district
3004:Street hierarchy
2984:Complete streets
2979:Airport security
2861:Cross-city route
2806:Proof-of-payment
2776:Free travel pass
2267:Public light bus
2227:Hackney carriage
2046:Heritage railway
2031:Elevated railway
2026:Cross-city route
1946:Public light bus
1904:Cross-city route
1856:Public transport
1849:
1842:
1835:
1826:
1814:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1781:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1719:
1713:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
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1474:
1463:
1454:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1302:
1296:
1290:
1275:
1264:
1263:
1251:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1153:
1142:
1141:
1135:
1125:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1074:
1067:
1024:Gravity railroad
1005:
992:
987:
986:
929:Kakola Funicular
925:
906:
876:
762:mountain railway
716:
676:Petřín funicular
641:Petřín funicular
622:
606:
563:
474:Duquesne Incline
454:Nazaré Funicular
450:
431:
408:
303:
253:Petřín funicular
137:
131:
130:
127:
126:
121:
120:
115:
114:
109:
108:
103:
102:
97:
96:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
63:
21:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3361:
3333:
3320:
3294:
3225:
3223:Cable transport
3220:
3190:
3185:
3174:
3167:
3071:
3044:
3038:
2967:
2921:
2897:Checked baggage
2885:
2844:
2731:Bus advertising
2715:
2707:
2576:
2567:Trackless train
2510:Scooter-sharing
2505:Bicycle-sharing
2482:
2476:
2442:
2382:
2334:
2296:
2272:Pulled rickshaw
2242:Motorcycle taxi
2185:Combination bus
2166:
2159:
2073:Inter-city rail
2058:High-speed rail
1975:
1858:
1853:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1791:
1789:
1788:. 28 April 2014
1779:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1705:Smith, Claire.
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1639:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1562:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1507:. 24 April 2009
1499:
1498:
1494:
1486:
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1472:
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1457:
1450:
1446:
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1394:
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1376:
1369:
1356:
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1335:
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1305:
1297:
1293:
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1253:
1252:
1241:
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1229:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1155:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1105:
1095:
1087:
1085:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1054:
998:
988:
981:
978:
951:
945:
944:
943:
942:
938:
937:
936:
926:
918:
917:
910:Odesa Funicular
907:
896:
801:
795:
689:
633:
626:
623:
614:
607:
577:
576:
575:
571:
566:
565:
564:
535:
465:
464:
463:
462:
461:
451:
443:
442:
432:
424:
423:
409:
386:
335:
320:
314:
297:
238:
233:
187:
141:) is a type of
135:
123:
117:
111:
105:
99:
93:
60:
56:
35:
32:Funicular curve
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3439:
3437:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3398:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3339:Cable railways
3335:
3334:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3265:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3239:Aerial tramway
3235:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3196:
3187:
3186:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:Land transport
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3048:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3014:Transit police
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2994:Rail subsidies
2991:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2866:Network length
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2830:Ticket machine
2827:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2751:Fare avoidance
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2633:Ferry terminal
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2542:Moving walkway
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2467:Moving walkway
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2396:Aerial tramway
2392:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2344:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2192:
2190:Cycle rickshaw
2187:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2140:Street running
2137:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1868:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1806:
1805:External links
1803:
1800:
1799:
1768:
1751:
1736:
1714:
1698:
1670:
1644:
1637:
1613:
1591:
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1480:
1455:
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1413:
1399:
1392:
1374:
1367:
1349:
1320:
1303:
1291:
1277:Walter Hefti:
1265:
1239:
1228:on 3 July 2018
1213:
1206:
1183:
1176:
1168:10.17226/24766
1143:
1103:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1055:
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1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
995:
994:
993:
977:
974:
947:Main article:
940:
939:
927:
920:
919:
908:
901:
900:
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898:
897:
895:
892:
794:
791:
781:Mount Vesuvius
739:Carl Roman Abt
729:, Turkey, the
688:
685:
632:
629:
628:
627:
624:
617:
615:
608:
601:
590:Carl Roman Abt
568:
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531:
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403:
402:
401:
400:
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385:
382:
378:Pelton turbine
374:canton of Bern
316:Main article:
313:
310:
268:electric motor
237:
234:
232:
229:
221:bottom towrope
215:Bottom towrope
186:
183:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3438:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3386:
3385:Manufacturers
3383:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
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3309:
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3224:
3217:
3212:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3170:
3164:
3163:Micromobility
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3108:Hail and ride
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
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3041:
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3030:
3027:
3025:
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3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2703:Transport hub
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:Train station
2686:
2684:
2683:Taxicab stand
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2668:Park and ride
2666:
2664:
2663:Metro station
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
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2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
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2548:
2545:
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2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2496:
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2491:
2488:
2487:
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2479:
2473:
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2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
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2455:
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2445:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2406:Cable railway
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
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2240:
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2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
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2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:Regional rail
2133:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
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371:
370:Giessbachbahn
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140:
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54:
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43:Funicular in
41:
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19:
18:Standseilbahn
3380:Surface lift
3351:
3268:Gondola lift
3231:Aerial lifts
3173:
3148:Timing point
3133:Request stop
3076:Other topics
2933:Bus bunching
2917:Travel class
2876:Radial route
2856:Circle route
2840:Transit pass
2801:Penalty fare
2761:Fare evasion
2756:Fare capping
2741:Dead mileage
2698:Transit mall
2421:Gondola lift
2415:
2200:Microtransit
2108:People mover
2035:
2021:Circle route
1936:Open top bus
1899:Circle route
1817:
1790:. Retrieved
1783:
1771:
1754:
1745:
1739:
1727:. Retrieved
1717:
1710:geplus.co.uk
1709:
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1689:. Retrieved
1685:The Guardian
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1673:
1661:. Retrieved
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1563:20 September
1561:. Retrieved
1556:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1531:the original
1521:
1509:. Retrieved
1504:
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1471:. Retrieved
1447:
1435:. Retrieved
1431:The Atlantic
1429:
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1299:How it works
1294:
1278:
1259:
1230:. Retrieved
1226:the original
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1086:. Retrieved
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736:
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699:A number of
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384:Track layout
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52:
50:
47:, Azerbaijan
36:
3290:Hybrid lift
3263:Bucket Lift
3153:Transit map
3128:Public good
3045:and signage
2902:First class
2816:Smart cards
2791:Money train
2653:Kassel kerb
2613:Bus station
2401:Cable ferry
2368:Ocean liner
2348:Cable ferry
2205:Paratransit
1966:Transit bus
1961:Shuttle bus
1909:Express bus
1864:Bus service
1760:"MiniMetro"
1691:16 December
1490:– prague.eu
1222:"funicular"
1072:"funicular"
1014:Aerial lift
815:Bournemouth
772:located in
747:Switzerland
723:Scarborough
657:New Zealand
298: [
236:Cable drive
3400:Categories
3347:Cable tram
3299:Components
3256:detachable
3103:Dwell time
3093:Crush load
3043:Technology
2963:Short turn
2926:Scheduling
2890:Facilities
2678:Queue jump
2598:Bus garage
2500:Carsharing
2378:Water taxi
2358:Hovercraft
2310:Car jockey
2302:Carpooling
2277:Share taxi
2247:Marshrutka
2212:Dollar van
2155:Tram-train
2083:Light rail
2078:Interurban
2041:Heavy rail
1971:Trolleybus
1931:Marshrutka
1914:Guided bus
1537:7 December
1469:. Carmelit
1346:: 125–132.
1100:required.)
1057:References
1049:Neapolitan
847:ascensores
835:Valparaíso
797:See also:
745:opened in
663:) and the
573:Abt switch
522:interlaced
3352:Funicular
3306:Bullwheel
3251:Chairlift
3067:Timetable
2796:Paid area
2746:Exit fare
2713:Ticketing
2693:Tram stop
2608:Bus stand
2581:Locations
2562:Slope car
2532:Hyperloop
2522:Escalator
2483:transport
2462:Escalator
2450:transport
2416:Funicular
2373:Vaporetto
2363:Hydrofoil
2282:Songthaew
2252:Nanny van
2237:Limousine
2180:Boda boda
2036:Funicular
2011:Cable car
1894:Charabanc
1818:funicular
1663:4 January
935:, Finland
916:, Ukraine
821:Stoosbahn
765:century.
515:Hong Kong
511:Peak Tram
274:bullwheel
191:haul rope
185:Operation
172:funiculus
163:funicular
161:The term
53:funicular
3278:tricable
3083:Boarding
2999:Security
2972:Politics
2835:Transfer
2628:Dry dock
2618:Bus stop
2603:Bus lane
2593:Bus bulb
2572:Vactrain
2552:Robotaxi
2517:Elevator
2495:Airliner
2457:Elevator
2448:Building
2431:tricable
2411:Elevator
2325:Slugging
2167:for hire
2165:Vehicles
2098:Monorail
2068:Horsecar
1994:glossary
1658:BBC News
1505:BBC News
1289:(German)
976:See also
961:uphill.
854:Carmelit
727:Istanbul
665:Carmelit
631:Stations
581:wheelset
542:switches
416:Hastings
363:Fribourg
355:Portugal
340:brakeman
286:brakes.
256:wheelset
203:friction
3374:Blondin
3283:Funitel
3273:bicable
3244:Funifor
3138:Service
2943:Headway
2907:Sleeper
2849:Routing
2824:Calypso
2820:CIPURSE
2658:Layover
2588:Airport
2490:Airline
2426:bicable
2330:Vanpool
2292:Tuk tuk
2232:Jeepney
2222:Gondola
2118:Railbus
1792:20 June
1511:2 April
1437:19 June
1140:. 2015.
843:Spanish
687:History
585:flanges
199:sheaves
195:pulleys
2643:Harbor
2638:Hangar
2557:Shweeb
2262:Pesero
2217:Dolmuş
2088:Maglev
1941:Pesero
1924:driver
1877:driver
1729:5 July
1635:
1473:4 July
1390:
1365:
1285:
1232:3 July
1204:
1174:
1136:. The
1088:30 May
959:lifted
680:Prague
546:wheels
458:Nazaré
272:drive
151:pulley
3316:Pylon
2718:fares
2481:Other
2388:Cable
2353:Ferry
1780:(PDF)
1763:(PDF)
1746:Tec21
1604:(PDF)
1336:(PDF)
1134:(PDF)
1094:
1047:", a
966:Paris
953:Some
933:Turku
914:Odesa
862:metro
858:Haifa
731:Tünel
669:Haifa
351:Braga
302:]
258:with
178:funis
169:word
167:Latin
147:slope
3311:Grip
2716:and
2673:Port
2340:Ship
2287:Taxi
2150:Tram
1981:Rail
1882:list
1794:2018
1731:2018
1693:2017
1665:2016
1633:ISBN
1565:2009
1539:2017
1513:2010
1475:2018
1439:2016
1388:ISBN
1363:ISBN
1344:1349
1283:ISBN
1234:2018
1202:ISBN
1172:ISBN
1090:2020
880:The
867:The
852:The
826:The
345:The
134:few-
45:Baku
1872:Bus
1629:191
1164:doi
931:in
912:in
856:in
813:in
678:in
667:in
655:in
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476:in
456:in
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361:in
260:Abt
136:NIK
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1567:.
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1503:.
1458:^
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
