432:
107:
118:
1427:. In one trip to the city, a journalist working for the BBC wrote about Slemani's distinct culture:"Culture is hugely important to the Kurdish people, especially in Slemani, but there is a strong pull to the west—modernisation and consumerism—driven perhaps by the satellite televisions they have had access to since they started running their own affairs...And at the university, students mill around the campus, chattering with each other and doing some last-minute cramming for their exams. The war only stopped lectures for a few weeks. There are probably more women than men and they are happy to air their views to anyone who asks."
89:
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100:
71:
621:
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156:
3620:
1451:
82:
186:
1834:
1483:
1463:
3312:
1519:
3656:
3644:
258:
1846:
3632:
1507:
3020:
1383:
193:
163:
1374:, (AUI-S) was a new addition to the American universities in the Middle East, graduating its fifth class in 2016. Instruction at this private, not-for-profit liberal arts university is in English only, featuring a US-accredited program in English as a Second Language (ESL). There are a number of other private universities.
2405:
Sulaimaniya (NINA) –The city of
Sulaimaniya witnessed a heavy fall of snow that covered the entire city since Monday midnight. Reporter of the National Iraqi News Agency said "The citizens of Sulaimaniya woke up on Tuesday morning to see their city covered with snow and the street painted in white
495:
and bazaars, which were also used as baths, and began inviting people from the surrounding villages and emirates to move to the newly established city. Soon
Melkendî, which was originally intended to be the city itself, instead became one of its quarters. The new city of Slemani was named after
431:
591:
According to Iraqi government documents, by 1947 the number of residents had increased to 23,475. In the same year, records documented the existence of three hundred Jewish families, comprising a total of 1,517 individuals. Notably, nearly the entire Jewish community, except one family, made
639:
in the country, it is characterized by its cooler summer temperatures and its rainier winters. Average temperatures range from 0 to 39 °C (32–102 °F). In the winters, there can be a significant amount of snow. Snow falls every year or two.
410:. It is surrounded by the Azmar (Ezmer), Goizha (Goyje) and Qaiwan (Qeywan) Mountains in the northeast, Baranan Mountain in the south and the Tasluja Hills in the west. The city has a semi-arid climate with very hot dry summers and cold wet winters.
1473:
In 2004 the
Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis in Iraq released an in-depth survey of the Slemani Governorate in which they surveyed each city. In this survey, one can see the economic boom of 2003 mentioned earlier.
1362:
was opened in 1968 with instruction in
Kurdish, Arabic, and English. It has faculties in engineering, agriculture, the arts, science, and medicine. It is the largest university in the Kurdistan Region. A second university,
2860:
1526:
The city was visited by more than 60,000 tourists in 2009. Slemani attracted more than 15,000 Iranian tourists in the first quarter of 2010, many drawn by the fact it is not subject to strict laws faced at home.
1973:
557:
In 1820, only 36 years after the creation of the city, a
British man named Rech visited the city and estimated that its population was more than ten thousand, containing 2,144 families of which 2,000 were
413:
The modern city of
Slemani was founded in 1784 by the Ottoman-Kurdish prince Ibrahim Pasha Baban, who named it after his father Sulaiman Pasha. Slemani was the capital of the historic principality of
1420:, are published and distributed in Slemani city. Since 2016, there exists an International Film Festival in the city which is organized by the College of Fine Arts of the University of Sulaymanya.
2461:
An unusually heavy snowstorm blanketed
Sulaimaniya city, in northern Iraq's autonomous Kurdish region, on Saturday (January 12) as severe weather conditions continue to sweep through the region.
2838:
2347:
1470:
Since 2003, Slemani has experienced a growing local economy. Its economy today relies on tourism, agriculture and a number of small factories, most of which are involved in the building trade.
538:
2796:
3463:
1900:
3691:
3052:
2473:
3269:
627:
1371:
530:, the widow of Xosraw Xanî Erdalan, the ruler of the kingdom. Erdalan wrote an account of Kurdish history in Persian and was buried in Slemani when he died in 1848.
523:, a town with a thriving Jewish community, and surrounding villages. The Jews of Qaradagh responded by sending the first group of Jewish inhabitants to Sulaimaniya.
3456:
3451:
1977:
1663:
644:
2524:
3696:
3468:
2882:
2685:
620:
519:
According to Jewish tradition, Sulaiman baban emphasized the importance of a town having Jewish residents for its completeness. A mission was then sent to
3167:
606:
491:(the name of Sulaimaniyah came from his name) new city which would become its capital. In 1784 he finished erecting a number of palaces for trade called
472:
principality (1649–1850), before
Slemani, was a territory named "Qelaçiwalan". At the time of the Babani's rule there were major conflicts between the
2359:
2332:
106:
2268:
3103:
2960:
3574:
155:
3370:
2384:
2245:
3701:
3446:
3262:
218:
117:
3686:
3681:
3439:
3434:
1862:
2418:
3038:
2207:
2152:
1575:
1390:
3300:
2992:
573:
Ottoman documents from 1907 suggest that there were 8,702 Muslim and 360 non-Muslim residents living in the city at that time. The
1364:
648:
2477:
3508:
3496:
3402:
3255:
3501:
2771:
185:
1890:
3045:
88:
3429:
1895:
1633:
1528:
22:
3610:
2934:
2310:"Iraq: Governorates, Major Cities & Urban Centers – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information"
3419:
1580:
2813:
3484:
3295:
2886:
2693:
2388:
1359:
1591:
70:
3592:
3362:
3061:
2225:
2065:
1946:
1874:
1549:
in
Baghdad. It is home to many Mesopotamian, Kurdish and ancient Persian artifacts dating back to 1792–1750 BC.
426:
407:
283:
250:
3024:
1819:
1546:
1490:
585:
99:
1450:
636:
388:
81:
55:
3676:
3151:
2968:
444:
1424:
577:
newspaper which was distributed in
Slemani in 1920 estimated its population to be around ten thousand.
3424:
3080:
2575:
2550:
1748:
1645:
534:
603:
By 1998, the local population was estimated at 548,747, which grew in 2015 to an estimated 656,100.
3346:
3171:
3146:
3075:
2908:
1951:
1815:
1730:
1669:
497:
484:
452:
139:
3619:
2625:
2392:
3660:
3141:
3136:
2372:
BAGHDAD, Jan 11 (KUNA) – snow fell on large areas of Iraq following two days of low temperatures.
2355:
2129:
1736:
1700:
133:
2440:
3539:
3354:
3338:
3126:
3095:
2790:
2276:
2241:
2203:
2121:
2070:
1921:
1911:
1651:
1249:
1202:
1080:
527:
520:
487:
became ruler of the emirate and began the reconstruction of a city which once constructed by
3597:
3396:
3384:
3311:
3213:
3116:
2233:
2113:
1878:
1742:
1541:
1482:
399:
362:
273:
2731:
3522:
3321:
3287:
3278:
3121:
2996:
2629:
1838:
1627:
1615:
1584:
473:
448:
379:
2160:
1423:
Slemani is the only city in South Kurdistan that regularly celebrates World Music Day or
1346:(altitude: 849m), Weatherbase(daylight-dew point-rain and snow days), Weather2visit(sun)
2989:
3544:
3131:
3111:
3090:
3085:
2133:
2101:
1802:
1760:
1754:
1691:
1621:
1531:
2010 drew an exodus of Iranian tourists choosing to celebrate the event in the region.
1495:
1462:
546:
488:
477:
466:
298:
2237:
2013:
1518:
3670:
3636:
1870:
1866:
1833:
1681:
1675:
1394:
918:
542:
2039:
3198:
2689:
1766:
1724:
1718:
1706:
1657:
1597:
1455:
581:
3648:
3624:
3534:
3208:
2749:
2309:
1999:
1941:
1784:
1772:
1712:
1687:
1552:
1499:
1386:
2814:"The Museum of Amna Suraka: a Critical Case Study of Kurdistani Memory Culture"
3228:
3193:
2444:
588:
led by Shaikh Mahmud triggered a wave of Jewish emigration from Sulaymaniyah.
567:
513:
335:
2125:
1393:
conducted by the renowned Kurdish composer A.J. Sagerma performing classical
233:
220:
3564:
3407:
3333:
3188:
2502:
2117:
1926:
1778:
1511:
1128:
505:
326:
3247:
3030:
3019:
1506:
3579:
3569:
3218:
2503:"Climate: Sulaymaniyah – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table"
2327:
2296:
Prince, J. (1993), "A Kurdish State in Iraq" in Current History, January.
1798:
1694:
1639:
1439:
440:
436:
1382:
2448:
1814:
In recent years, many people in Slemani have distanced themselves from
1603:
1431:
1402:
1367:
was established in 2012, also teaching in Kurdish, English and Arabic.
1296:
509:
465:
prior to the foundation of the modern city in 1784. The capital of the
3203:
1850:
597:
593:
563:
526:
In the early 1800s refugees from Ardalan moved to Slemani, including
331:
635:
The city is located in northern Iraq and Southern Kurdistan. Of the
3223:
2663:
2348:"Iraq under cold front bringing snow with below zero temperatures"
2137:
1936:
1931:
1916:
1906:
1845:
1609:
1579:
1517:
1505:
1489:
1481:
1461:
1449:
1435:
1408:
1381:
559:
501:
469:
461:
430:
414:
2772:"Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis in Iraq"
403:
263:
3251:
3034:
508:. Sulaiman Baban invaded the neighboring Kurdish vassaldom of
1630:(1866–1936), Minister of Education in the Kingdom of Kurdistan
2883:"Suleimaniya Museum: a small place for a great civilization"
1636:(1866–1937), Minister of Justice in the Kingdom of Kurdistan
1514:
playing the Harp during a cultural gathering at Aram Gallery
2641:
1697:, mathematician, politician, author, translator and writer.
346:
2579:
2177:
2601:
1624:, (1865–1951), Ottoman diplomat, ambassador and statesman
2912:
2474:"11 Refugee Children Freeze to Death in Kurdistan Camps"
2230:
Jewish Subjects and Their Tribal Chieftains in Kurdistan
609:
estimated the number of inhabitants in 2016 at 800,000.
480:. Qelaçiwalan became a battleground for the two rivals.
2622:
2269:"Sulaimania: Saving the dream city of a Kurdish prince"
2014:"Bi wêneyên Pêşengeha Pirtûkan a Navnetewî ya Silêmanî"
1703:(1944–2017), politician, historian and media proprietor
1498:
are represented by broken glass and tiny lights at the
1865:, with service on many commercial airlines, including
1642:
Tawfeq Mahmoud Hamza, (1867–1950), poet and journalist
3608:
373:
1458:
in Slemani, important tourist attraction in the city
393:
3557:
3521:
3483:
3383:
3320:
3286:
3181:
3160:
3068:
2497:
2495:
1901:
Chaldean Catholic Archeparchy of Kirkuk-Sulaimaniya
342:
325:
317:
312:
304:
294:
289:
279:
269:
249:
33:
533:From 1922 to 1924, Slemani was the capital of the
2525:"MONTHLY - ALL WEATHER AVERAGES: As-Sulaymaniyah"
1745:, (1947–1989), actor, poet, writer and journalist
512:, defeating their forces in 1694. Ottoman Sultan
2990:اعلام خواهرخواندگی سلیمانیه عراق و ناپل ایتالیا
2885:. KurdishGlobe. 13 February 2008. Archived from
2795:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2732:"Sulaimani city, on verge of economic collapse?"
1654:(1880–1948), historian, statesman and politician
447:. From Qarachatan Village, Slemani Governorate,
3464:Two-state solution (Iraqi–Kurdish negotiations)
2777:. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011
2441:"Unusually heavy snow hits Iraq's Sulaimaniya"
2040:"سەرۆکی هەرێمی کوردستان سەردانی سلێمانی دەکات"
1664:Sheikh Nuri Sheikh Salih Sheikh Ghani Barzinji
3263:
3046:
2967:. Sister Cities International. Archived from
2178:"The Leading Suly Government Site on the Net"
2172:
2170:
1678:(1904–1962), founder of modern Kurdish poetry
1522:Slemani at Night at the Top of Azmar Mountain
44:
38:
8:
2719:. Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan. pp. 503–504.
1545:: It is the second biggest museum after the
1372:The American University of Iraq – Sulaimani
645:Köppen-Geiger climate classification system
3527:
3489:
3389:
3326:
3270:
3256:
3248:
3053:
3039:
3031:
2730:Is the Paris of Iraq (21 September 2016).
2358:(KUNA). 11–12 January 2008. Archived from
2198:Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters (2009),
1976:. spu.edu.iq. 13 June 2015. Archived from
1684:(1914–2000), novelist, poet and translator
1660:(1891–1984), linguist, politician and poet
1648:, (1869 - 1930), journalist and politician
658:Climate data for Sulaymaniyah (1991-2021)
654:
607:The American University of Iraq, Sulaimani
504:prince to gain control of the province of
30:
3692:Populated places in Sulaymaniyah Province
2333:The American University of Iraq Sulaimani
2476:. Erbil. 12 January 2015. Archived from
1672:(1900–1976), prime Minister of Iraq 1958
1412:and two independent political magazines
630:Panorama of Sulaymaniyah, September 2015
3615:
2391:(NINA). 26 January 2010. Archived from
2267:Goudsouzian, Tanya (21 November 2016).
1965:
1594:(1779–1827), sufist and Islamic thinker
341:
324:
311:
303:
288:
248:
213:
147:
61:
2788:
1430:Slemani was the home of poets such as
3099:(northern part only; mostly disputed)
2808:
2806:
2304:
2302:
2219:
2217:
2215:
316:
293:
278:
268:
7:
3697:Populated places established in 1784
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
516:assigned him the district of Baban.
192:
162:
3452:Foreign missions in Iraqi Kurdistan
2935:"Kurdish Nationalism at an Impasse"
459:The region of Slemani was known as
383:
366:
39:
2602:"Sulaimani Polytechnic University"
2551:"As-Sulaymaniyah Weather Averages"
2200:Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire
2151:Ali, Meer Ako (13 November 2011).
2100:Cockrell-Abdullah, Autumn (2018).
1974:"Sulaimani Polytechnic University"
1863:Sulaimaniyah International Airport
1763:(1933-2017), 6th president of Iraq
16:City in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
14:
2692:. 28 October 2006. Archived from
2419:"Heavy Snow Blankets Sulaimaniya"
2238:10.1163/ej.9789004161900.i-376.31
2000:"Iraq: Governorates & Cities"
1903:(former Eastern Catholic diocese)
1769:(born 1963), actor and playwright
1576:Category:People from Sulaymaniyah
1391:Iraqi National Symphony Orchestra
3654:
3642:
3630:
3618:
3310:
3018:
2106:The Journal of Intersectionality
1844:
1832:
1666:(1896–1958), journalist and poet
1618:, (1834–1907), Ottoman statesman
1365:Sulaimani Polytechnic University
649:hot-summer Mediterranean climate
619:
584:against the British rule of the
398:), is a city in the east of the
256:
191:
184:
161:
154:
116:
105:
98:
87:
80:
69:
2736:Kurd Net – Ekurd.net Daily News
2153:"Sulaimany: 227 years of glory"
2046:(in Kurdish). 25 November 2019
1891:List of largest cities of Iraq
1733:(1927–1990), musician and poet
1721:(1940–2013), contemporary poet
1565:Sulaimani Archeological Museum
545:following the collapse of the
28:City in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
1:
2578:. Univsul.org. Archived from
2202:, p.70, Infobase Publishing,
1896:2011 Kurdish protests in Iraq
1634:Haji Mala Saeed Kirkukli Zada
23:Sulaymaniyah (disambiguation)
3301:Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)
2686:"Kurdistan diary: Day Three"
2421:. Iraq Updates. 3 March 2012
2224:Zaken, M. (1 January 2007),
1389:in a joint concert with the
3702:Kurdish settlements in Iraq
3457:Missions of Iraqi Kurdistan
2911:. Wusha.net. Archived from
2232:, Brill, pp. 107–112,
2226:"Chapter Five. Sulaimaniya"
1400:Two independent newspapers
847:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
707:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
394:
374:
318: • Estimate
175:Show map of Iraqi Kurdistan
3718:
3502:Taqtaq-Feshkhabur pipeline
2965:Interactive City Directory
2861:"Rudaw.NL, dé Opinieblog…"
2839:"Rudaw.NL, dé Opinieblog…"
2389:National Iraqi News Agency
1826:Twin towns – sister cities
1573:
1341:
657:
647:classifies its climate as
424:
406:and is the capital of the
308:882 m (2,895 ft)
20:
3687:District capitals of Iraq
3682:Cities in Iraqi Kurdistan
3588:
3530:
3492:
3392:
3329:
3307:
2576:"University of Sulaimani"
2385:"Snow covers Sulaimaniya"
2102:"There Is No Kurdish Art"
1822:is experiencing a surge.
1294:
1247:
1200:
1126:
1078:
1034:
990:
916:
846:
776:
706:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
214:
148:
62:
53:
3062:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
2941:. tcf.org. 29 April 2019
2628:23 November 2010 at the
1560:Mozehanai Hunari Howchah
427:Timeline of Sulaymaniyah
408:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
347:https://slemani.gov.krd/
284:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
3469:Independence referendum
2134:10.13169/jinte.2.2.0103
2118:10.13169/jinte.2.2.0103
1820:Kurdistan Workers Party
1757:(born 1938), politician
1739:(1932–1976), politician
1709:, 8th president of Iraq
637:main population centres
586:Mandate for Mesopotamia
489:Ottoman Sultan Sulaiman
443:. It dates back to the
138:Amna Suraka Museum •
130:View over Suleymaniyah
3296:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
2995:5 October 2013 at the
2961:"Tucson Sister Cities"
2939:The Century Foundation
2717:Sulaymaniyah 200 Years
1861:The city is served by
1587:
1558:Museum of Modern Art (
1523:
1515:
1503:
1487:
1467:
1459:
1397:
456:
132:Roman amphitheater •
45:
3152:Sulaymaniyah District
2314:www.citypopulation.de
2157:The Kurdistan Tribune
1727:(born 1960), novelist
1583:
1521:
1509:
1493:
1485:
1465:
1453:
1385:
1360:University of Slemani
613:Geography and climate
445:Old Babylonian Period
434:
425:Further information:
295: • Governor
234:35.55722°N 45.43556°E
143:Suleymaniyah at night
3371:Disputed territories
3081:Darbandokeh District
3027:at Wikimedia Commons
2752:. Investpromo.gov.iq
2715:Salih Rasha, Akram.
2362:on 28 September 2013
1749:Rizgar Mohammed Amin
1646:Mevlanzade Rifat Bey
535:Kingdom of Kurdistan
500:, who was the first
21:For other uses, see
3399:(autonomous region)
3172:Halabja Governorate
3147:Sharbazher District
3076:Chamchamal District
2909:"Wusha Corporation"
2395:on 26 February 2014
2328:"Life in Sulaimani"
1980:on 25 December 2018
1952:Sulaymaniyah Museum
1947:Slemani Governorate
1816:Kurdish nationalism
1775:(born 1967), artist
1731:Muhamad Salih Dilan
1690:(1933-2018),
1670:Ahmad Mukhtar Baban
1035:Average snowy days
991:Average rainy days
777:Daily mean °C (°F)
417:from 1784 to 1850.
230: /
140:Sulaymaniyah Museum
3420:Presidency Council
3142:Sharazoor District
3137:Saidsadiq District
2582:on 20 January 2018
2505:. Climate-Data.org
2480:on 3 February 2015
2356:Kuwait News Agency
2336:. 17 October 2016.
2163:on 9 October 2019.
2020:. 23 November 2019
1751:(born 1958), judge
1737:Shahab Sheikh Nuri
1701:Nawshirwan Mustafa
1588:
1524:
1516:
1504:
1488:
1468:
1460:
1425:Fête de la Musique
1398:
539:unrecognized state
457:
239:35.55722; 45.43556
134:Sharafkhan Bidlisi
3606:
3605:
3553:
3552:
3517:
3516:
3479:
3478:
3447:Foreign relations
3379:
3378:
3245:
3244:
3238:
3127:Qaradagh District
3108:
3107:(mostly disputed)
3100:
3096:Khanaqin District
3023:Media related to
2971:on 4 October 2013
2818:Leiden University
2451:. 14 January 2013
2247:978-90-474-2212-9
1922:Erbil Governorate
1912:Dohuk Governorate
1781:(1986-), novelist
1715:(1922–2006), poet
1652:Muhamed Amin Zaki
1612:(1830–1906), poet
1606:(1800–1873), poet
1600:(1800–1866), poet
1592:Khâlid-i Baghdâdî
1502:museum in Slemani
1350:
1349:
1081:relative humidity
451:. Located in the
392:
372:
352:
351:
3709:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3623:
3622:
3614:
3528:
3490:
3415:
3397:Kurdistan Region
3390:
3366:
3358:
3350:
3342:
3327:
3315:
3314:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3249:
3236:
3182:Populated places
3168:Halabja District
3161:Former districts
3117:Penjwen District
3106:
3098:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3032:
3022:
3007:
3006:, 30 April 2013.
2987:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2794:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2696:on 10 March 2012
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2638:
2632:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
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1542:Sulaimani Museum
1486:Hewari Shar Park
1344:Climate-Data.org
655:
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580:The early 1920s
537:, a short-lived
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2644:. Hawlati.info
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2664:"ئاوێنە نیوز"
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1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1520:
1513:
1508:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1466:Sarchnar Park
1464:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1395:Kurdish music
1392:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1353:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:Mean monthly
1199:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
989:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
920:
919:precipitation
915:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
845:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
775:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
705:
661:
656:
652:
650:
646:
641:
638:
628:
622:
612:
610:
608:
604:
601:
599:
595:
589:
587:
583:
578:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
552:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
524:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:Sulaiman Baba
494:
490:
486:
485:Ibrahim Baban
481:
479:
475:
471:
468:
464:
463:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
428:
420:
418:
416:
411:
409:
405:
401:
396:
390:
381:
376:
364:
360:
356:
348:
345:
337:
333:
330:
328:
320:
307:
300:
297:
285:
282:
275:
272:
265:
254:
252:
243:
215:Coordinates:
187:
157:
141:
135:
119:
108:
101:
90:
83:
72:
57:
52:
47:
32:
24:
19:
3677:Sulaymaniyah
3509:Demographics
3497:Oil reserves
3411:
3403:Human rights
3234:Sulaymaniyah
3233:
3199:Darbandikhan
3025:Sulaymaniyah
3003:
3000:
2985:
2973:. Retrieved
2969:the original
2964:
2955:
2943:. Retrieved
2938:
2929:
2917:. Retrieved
2913:the original
2903:
2891:. Retrieved
2887:the original
2877:
2865:. Retrieved
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2833:
2821:. Retrieved
2817:
2779:. Retrieved
2766:
2754:. Retrieved
2744:
2735:
2725:
2716:
2710:
2698:. Retrieved
2694:the original
2690:KurdishGlobe
2680:
2668:. Retrieved
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2636:
2618:
2606:. Retrieved
2604:. spu.edu.iq
2596:
2584:. Retrieved
2580:the original
2570:
2558:. Retrieved
2554:
2545:
2533:. Retrieved
2531:. Cantymedia
2528:
2519:
2507:. Retrieved
2482:. Retrieved
2478:the original
2468:
2460:
2453:. Retrieved
2435:
2423:. Retrieved
2413:
2404:
2397:. Retrieved
2393:the original
2379:
2371:
2364:. Retrieved
2360:the original
2351:
2342:
2331:
2322:
2313:
2292:
2280:. Retrieved
2272:
2262:
2251:, retrieved
2229:
2199:
2194:
2182:. Retrieved
2161:the original
2156:
2146:
2136:– via
2109:
2105:
2076:. Retrieved
2069:
2066:"السليمانية"
2060:
2048:. Retrieved
2043:
2034:
2022:. Retrieved
2017:
2008:
1994:
1982:. Retrieved
1978:the original
1968:
1956:
1860:
1813:
1767:Mahir Hassan
1725:Bachtyar Ali
1719:Sherko Bekas
1707:Barham Salih
1658:Taufiq Wahby
1559:
1540:
1525:
1472:
1469:
1456:amphitheater
1429:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1369:
1357:
1343:
921:mm (inches)
642:
634:
605:
602:
600:in 1951–52.
590:
582:Iraqi Revolt
579:
574:
572:
556:
553:Demographics
541:declared by
532:
525:
518:
492:
482:
460:
458:
412:
358:
355:Sulaymaniyah
354:
353:
199:Sulaymaniyah
169:Sulaymaniyah
35:Sulaymaniyah
18:
3661:Middle East
2975:4 September
2823:28 November
2666:. Awene.com
2529:Weatherbase
2282:21 November
2078:14 February
2074:(in Arabic)
2050:18 December
2024:18 December
1942:Saray Azadi
1785:Simko Ahmed
1773:Shwan Kamal
1713:Ahmad Hardi
1688:Jamal Nebez
1622:Şerif Pasha
1574:Main page:
1553:Amna Suraka
1500:Amna Suraka
1387:Adnan Karim
1295:Mean daily
1248:Mean daily
543:Iraqi Kurds
280:Governorate
237: /
3671:Categories
3425:Parliament
3229:Sharbazher
3194:Chamchamal
2863:. Rudaw.nl
2841:. Rudaw.nl
2608:24 October
2484:3 February
2445:Al Arabiya
2277:Al-Jazeera
2253:10 October
2071:Al Jazeera
1961:References
1805:, Qyzqapan
575:Peshkawtin
514:Mustafa II
439:, King of
384:السليمانية
313:Population
290:Government
225:45°26′08″E
222:35°33′26″N
3565:Peshmerga
3430:President
3412:Peshmerga
3408:Military
3365:(Slêmanî)
3349:(Helebce)
3334:Kurdistan
3322:Geography
3237:(capital)
3189:Barzinjah
3069:Districts
3004:(Persian)
3001:Kurdpress
2750:"Slemani"
2670:26 August
2648:26 August
2509:4 January
2126:2515-2114
1927:Kurdistan
1779:Sara Omar
1512:Tara Jaff
1354:Education
1129:dew point
568:Christian
566:, and 14
483:In 1783,
435:Stela of
389:romanized
327:Time zone
305:Elevation
3593:Category
3580:Zeravani
3570:Parastin
3385:Politics
3347:Halabja
3341:(Hewlêr)
3219:Qaladiza
2993:Archived
2945:18 April
2919:9 August
2893:9 August
2867:9 August
2845:9 August
2791:cite web
2781:12 April
2756:9 August
2700:9 August
2626:Archived
2623:auis.org
2586:9 August
2184:9 August
1885:See also
1810:Politics
1799:Cyaxares
1695:linguist
1640:Piramerd
1440:Piramerd
1370:In 2007
1342:Source:
1243:3,328.1
1131:°C (°F)
1127:Average
1079:Average
917:Average
747:(101.7)
742:(101.3)
521:Qaradagh
493:Qeyserîs
476:and the
441:Simurrum
437:Iddi-Sin
375:Silêmanî
46:Silêmanî
3611:Portals
3523:Culture
3485:Economy
3357:(Dihok)
3288:History
2560:17 July
2535:17 July
2455:3 March
2449:Reuters
2425:3 March
2406:color."
2399:3 March
2366:3 March
1984:13 June
1818:as the
1692:Kurdish
1535:Museums
1478:Tourism
1446:Economy
1403:Hawlati
1378:Culture
986:(29.4)
912:(49.6)
907:(32.5)
902:(39.9)
897:(54.1)
892:(63.5)
887:(71.6)
882:(71.6)
877:(64.2)
872:(54.3)
867:(45.3)
862:(37.6)
857:(31.1)
852:(29.3)
842:(62.9)
837:(41.7)
832:(50.7)
827:(67.3)
822:(79.7)
817:(88.5)
812:(88.5)
807:(81.1)
802:(69.4)
797:(58.6)
792:(49.6)
787:(41.5)
782:(38.1)
772:(74.3)
767:(51.8)
762:(61.7)
757:(79.5)
752:(92.7)
737:(93.7)
732:(81.1)
727:(69.4)
722:(59.9)
717:(51.3)
712:(47.5)
651:(Csa).
510:Ardalan
506:Şarezûr
467:Kurdish
455:, Iraq.
421:History
391::
367:سلێمانی
363:Kurdish
359:Slemani
343:Website
321:676,492
251:Country
136:statue
40:سلێمانی
3637:Cities
3598:Portal
3575:Asaish
3545:People
3535:Anthem
3355:Dohuk
3339:Erbil
3204:Gelara
2244:
2206:
2132:
2124:
1851:Naples
1555:museum
1529:Newroz
1454:Roman
1438:, and
1240:167.4
1234:272.8
1228:396.8
1225:418.5
1219:316.2
1213:213.9
1210:175.2
1207:164.3
981:(4.4)
976:(3.2)
971:(1.6)
966:(0.0)
951:(0.0)
946:(1.2)
941:(3.6)
936:(4.8)
931:(5.2)
926:(5.4)
663:Month
594:aliyah
564:Jewish
562:, 130
560:Muslim
380:Arabic
270:Region
261:
3224:Ranya
3214:Mawat
3209:Kalar
3170:(now
2775:(PDF)
2138:JSTOR
2130:JSTOR
2044:Rûdaw
2018:Rûdaw
1937:Ranya
1932:Kurds
1917:Erbil
1907:Duhok
1867:Iraqi
1803:Media
1792:Sites
1610:Mahwi
1598:Salim
1436:Mahwi
1418:Shock
1409:Awena
1337:12.6
1334:10.3
1331:10.7
1328:11.7
1325:12.8
1322:13.9
1319:14.8
1316:15.0
1313:14.5
1310:13.6
1307:12.4
1304:11.4
1301:10.5
1278:11.7
1275:12.8
1272:13.5
1269:13.6
1266:10.2
1196:(36)
1191:(36)
1186:(34)
1181:(36)
1176:(36)
1171:(39)
1166:(39)
1161:(37)
1156:(41)
1151:(39)
1146:(36)
1141:(32)
1136:(30)
702:Year
502:Baban
470:Baban
462:Zamwa
415:Baban
332:UTC+3
3649:Iraq
3625:Asia
3540:Flag
2977:2013
2947:2020
2921:2012
2895:2012
2869:2012
2847:2012
2825:2021
2797:link
2783:2011
2758:2012
2702:2012
2672:2014
2650:2014
2610:2014
2588:2012
2562:2024
2537:2024
2511:2014
2486:2015
2457:2013
2427:2013
2401:2013
2368:2013
2284:2016
2255:2023
2242:ISBN
2204:ISBN
2186:2012
2122:ISSN
2080:2021
2052:2019
2026:2019
1986:2015
1877:and
1604:Nalî
1432:Nalî
1416:and
1414:Lvin
1406:and
1358:The
1290:9.1
1287:5.4
1284:6.9
1281:8.8
1263:7.9
1260:6.9
1257:6.2
1254:5.3
1237:207
1231:351
1222:408
1216:237
1083:(%)
961:(0)
956:(0)
895:12.3
890:17.5
885:22.0
880:22.0
875:17.9
870:12.4
855:−0.5
850:−1.5
840:17.2
830:10.4
825:19.6
820:26.5
815:31.4
810:31.4
805:27.3
800:20.8
795:14.8
770:23.5
765:11.0
760:16.5
755:26.4
750:33.7
745:38.7
740:38.5
735:34.3
730:27.3
725:20.8
720:15.5
715:10.7
699:Dec
696:Nov
693:Oct
690:Sep
687:Aug
684:Jul
681:Jun
678:May
675:Apr
672:Mar
669:Feb
666:Jan
643:The
404:Iraq
264:Iraq
56:City
2234:doi
2114:doi
1801:of
1442:.
1122:45
1119:67
1116:56
1113:33
1110:22
1107:18
1104:20
1101:24
1098:41
1095:56
1092:61
1089:69
1086:70
1030:67
1027:11
1000:13
997:10
994:10
984:747
979:112
934:122
929:133
924:136
910:9.8
905:0.3
900:4.4
865:7.4
860:3.1
835:5.4
790:9.8
785:5.3
780:3.4
710:8.6
402:of
357:or
336:AST
3673::
2999:,
2963:.
2937:.
2816:.
2805:^
2793:}}
2789:{{
2734:.
2688:.
2553:.
2527:.
2494:^
2459:.
2447:.
2443:.
2403:.
2387:.
2370:.
2354:.
2350:.
2330:.
2312:.
2301:^
2275:.
2271:.
2240:,
2228:,
2214:^
2169:^
2155:.
2128:.
2120:.
2108:.
2104:.
2088:^
2068:.
2042:.
2016:.
1881:.
1873:,
1869:,
1434:,
1134:−1
1074:7
1071:0
1068:0
1065:0
1062:0
1059:0
1056:0
1053:0
1050:0
1047:0
1044:1
1041:2
1038:4
1024:5
1021:4
1018:0
1015:0
1012:1
1009:1
1006:4
1003:8
974:81
969:40
944:30
939:91
570:.
549:.
386:,
382::
378:;
369:,
365::
3613::
3414:)
3410:(
3271:e
3264:t
3257:v
3174:)
3054:e
3047:t
3040:v
2979:.
2949:.
2923:.
2897:.
2871:.
2849:.
2827:.
2799:)
2785:.
2760:.
2738:.
2704:.
2674:.
2652:.
2612:.
2590:.
2564:.
2539:.
2513:.
2488:.
2429:.
2316:.
2286:.
2236::
2188:.
2140:.
2116::
2110:2
2082:.
2054:.
2028:.
2002:.
1988:.
1562:)
1194:2
1189:2
1184:1
1179:2
1174:2
1169:4
1164:4
1159:3
1154:5
1149:4
1144:2
1139:0
964:1
959:0
954:0
949:1
361:(
338:)
334:(
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
