443:
118:
129:
1438:. In one trip to the city, a journalist working for the BBC wrote about Slemani's distinct culture:"Culture is hugely important to the Kurdish people, especially in Slemani, but there is a strong pull to the west—modernisation and consumerism—driven perhaps by the satellite televisions they have had access to since they started running their own affairs...And at the university, students mill around the campus, chattering with each other and doing some last-minute cramming for their exams. The war only stopped lectures for a few weeks. There are probably more women than men and they are happy to air their views to anyone who asks."
100:
1502:
111:
82:
632:
1592:
167:
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1462:
93:
197:
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1494:
1474:
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1530:
3667:
3655:
269:
1857:
3643:
1518:
3031:
1394:
204:
174:
1385:, (AUI-S) was a new addition to the American universities in the Middle East, graduating its fifth class in 2016. Instruction at this private, not-for-profit liberal arts university is in English only, featuring a US-accredited program in English as a Second Language (ESL). There are a number of other private universities.
2416:
Sulaimaniya (NINA) –The city of
Sulaimaniya witnessed a heavy fall of snow that covered the entire city since Monday midnight. Reporter of the National Iraqi News Agency said "The citizens of Sulaimaniya woke up on Tuesday morning to see their city covered with snow and the street painted in white
506:
and bazaars, which were also used as baths, and began inviting people from the surrounding villages and emirates to move to the newly established city. Soon
Melkendî, which was originally intended to be the city itself, instead became one of its quarters. The new city of Slemani was named after
442:
602:
According to Iraqi government documents, by 1947 the number of residents had increased to 23,475. In the same year, records documented the existence of three hundred Jewish families, comprising a total of 1,517 individuals. Notably, nearly the entire Jewish community, except one family, made
650:
in the country, it is characterized by its cooler summer temperatures and its rainier winters. Average temperatures range from 0 to 39 °C (32–102 °F). In the winters, there can be a significant amount of snow. Snow falls every year or two.
421:. It is surrounded by the Azmar (Ezmer), Goizha (Goyje) and Qaiwan (Qeywan) Mountains in the northeast, Baranan Mountain in the south and the Tasluja Hills in the west. The city has a semi-arid climate with very hot dry summers and cold wet winters.
1484:
In 2004 the
Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis in Iraq released an in-depth survey of the Slemani Governorate in which they surveyed each city. In this survey, one can see the economic boom of 2003 mentioned earlier.
1373:
was opened in 1968 with instruction in
Kurdish, Arabic, and English. It has faculties in engineering, agriculture, the arts, science, and medicine. It is the largest university in the Kurdistan Region. A second university,
2871:
1537:
The city was visited by more than 60,000 tourists in 2009. Slemani attracted more than 15,000 Iranian tourists in the first quarter of 2010, many drawn by the fact it is not subject to strict laws faced at home.
1984:
568:
In 1820, only 36 years after the creation of the city, a
British man named Rech visited the city and estimated that its population was more than ten thousand, containing 2,144 families of which 2,000 were
424:
The modern city of
Slemani was founded in 1784 by the Ottoman-Kurdish prince Ibrahim Pasha Baban, who named it after his father Sulaiman Pasha. Slemani was the capital of the historic principality of
1431:, are published and distributed in Slemani city. Since 2016, there exists an International Film Festival in the city which is organized by the College of Fine Arts of the University of Sulaymanya.
2472:
An unusually heavy snowstorm blanketed
Sulaimaniya city, in northern Iraq's autonomous Kurdish region, on Saturday (January 12) as severe weather conditions continue to sweep through the region.
2849:
2358:
1481:
Since 2003, Slemani has experienced a growing local economy. Its economy today relies on tourism, agriculture and a number of small factories, most of which are involved in the building trade.
549:
2807:
3474:
1911:
3702:
3063:
2484:
3280:
638:
1382:
541:, the widow of Xosraw Xanî Erdalan, the ruler of the kingdom. Erdalan wrote an account of Kurdish history in Persian and was buried in Slemani when he died in 1848.
534:, a town with a thriving Jewish community, and surrounding villages. The Jews of Qaradagh responded by sending the first group of Jewish inhabitants to Sulaimaniya.
3467:
3462:
1988:
1674:
655:
2535:
3707:
3479:
2893:
2696:
631:
530:
According to Jewish tradition, Sulaiman baban emphasized the importance of a town having Jewish residents for its completeness. A mission was then sent to
3178:
617:
502:(the name of Sulaimaniyah came from his name) new city which would become its capital. In 1784 he finished erecting a number of palaces for trade called
483:
principality (1649–1850), before
Slemani, was a territory named "Qelaçiwalan". At the time of the Babani's rule there were major conflicts between the
2370:
2343:
117:
2279:
3114:
2971:
3585:
166:
3381:
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2256:
3712:
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229:
128:
3697:
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3445:
1873:
2429:
3049:
2218:
2163:
1586:
1401:
3311:
3003:
584:
Ottoman documents from 1907 suggest that there were 8,702 Muslim and 360 non-Muslim residents living in the city at that time. The
1375:
659:
2488:
3519:
3507:
3413:
3266:
3512:
2782:
196:
1901:
3056:
99:
3440:
1906:
1644:
1539:
33:
3621:
2945:
2321:"Iraq: Governorates, Major Cities & Urban Centers – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information"
3430:
1591:
2824:
3495:
3306:
2897:
2704:
2399:
1370:
1602:
81:
3603:
3373:
3072:
2236:
2076:
1957:
1885:
1560:
in
Baghdad. It is home to many Mesopotamian, Kurdish and ancient Persian artifacts dating back to 1792–1750 BC.
437:
418:
294:
261:
3035:
1830:
1557:
1501:
596:
110:
1461:
647:
399:
92:
66:
3687:
3162:
2979:
455:
1435:
588:
newspaper which was distributed in
Slemani in 1920 estimated its population to be around ten thousand.
3435:
3091:
2586:
2561:
1759:
1656:
545:
614:
By 1998, the local population was estimated at 548,747, which grew in 2015 to an estimated 656,100.
3357:
3182:
3157:
3086:
2919:
1962:
1826:
1741:
1680:
508:
495:
463:
150:
3630:
2636:
2403:
3671:
3152:
3147:
2383:
BAGHDAD, Jan 11 (KUNA) – snow fell on large areas of Iraq following two days of low temperatures.
2366:
2140:
1747:
1711:
144:
2451:
3550:
3365:
3349:
3137:
3106:
2801:
2287:
2252:
2214:
2132:
2081:
1932:
1922:
1662:
1260:
1213:
1091:
538:
531:
498:
became ruler of the emirate and began the reconstruction of a city which once constructed by
3608:
3407:
3395:
3322:
3224:
3127:
2244:
2124:
1889:
1753:
1552:
1493:
410:
373:
284:
2742:
3533:
3332:
3298:
3289:
3132:
3007:
2640:
1849:
1638:
1626:
1595:
484:
459:
390:
2171:
1434:
Slemani is the only city in South Kurdistan that regularly celebrates World Music Day or
1357:(altitude: 849m), Weatherbase(daylight-dew point-rain and snow days), Weather2visit(sun)
3000:
3555:
3142:
3122:
3101:
3096:
2144:
2112:
1813:
1771:
1765:
1702:
1632:
1542:
2010 drew an exodus of Iranian tourists choosing to celebrate the event in the region.
1506:
1473:
557:
499:
488:
477:
309:
2248:
2024:
1529:
3681:
3647:
1881:
1877:
1844:
1692:
1686:
1405:
929:
553:
2050:
3209:
2700:
1777:
1735:
1729:
1717:
1668:
1608:
1466:
592:
3659:
3635:
3545:
3219:
2760:
2320:
2010:
1952:
1795:
1783:
1723:
1698:
1563:
1510:
1397:
2825:"The Museum of Amna Suraka: a Critical Case Study of Kurdistani Memory Culture"
3239:
3204:
2455:
599:
led by Shaikh Mahmud triggered a wave of Jewish emigration from Sulaymaniyah.
578:
524:
346:
2136:
1404:
conducted by the renowned Kurdish composer A.J. Sagerma performing classical
244:
231:
3575:
3418:
3344:
3199:
2513:
2128:
1937:
1789:
1522:
1139:
516:
337:
17:
3258:
3041:
3030:
1517:
3590:
3580:
3229:
2514:"Climate: Sulaymaniyah – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table"
2338:
2307:
Prince, J. (1993), "A Kurdish State in Iraq" in Current History, January.
1809:
1705:
1650:
1450:
451:
447:
1393:
2459:
1825:
In recent years, many people in Slemani have distanced themselves from
1614:
1442:
1413:
1378:
was established in 2012, also teaching in Kurdish, English and Arabic.
1307:
520:
476:
prior to the foundation of the modern city in 1784. The capital of the
3214:
1861:
608:
604:
574:
537:
In the early 1800s refugees from Ardalan moved to Slemani, including
342:
646:
The city is located in northern Iraq and Southern Kurdistan. Of the
3234:
2674:
2359:"Iraq under cold front bringing snow with below zero temperatures"
2148:
1947:
1942:
1927:
1917:
1856:
1620:
1590:
1528:
1516:
1500:
1492:
1472:
1460:
1446:
1419:
1392:
570:
512:
480:
472:
441:
425:
2783:"Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis in Iraq"
414:
274:
3262:
3045:
519:. Sulaiman Baban invaded the neighboring Kurdish vassaldom of
1641:(1866–1936), Minister of Education in the Kingdom of Kurdistan
2894:"Suleimaniya Museum: a small place for a great civilization"
1647:(1866–1937), Minister of Justice in the Kingdom of Kurdistan
1525:
playing the Harp during a cultural gathering at Aram Gallery
2652:
1708:, mathematician, politician, author, translator and writer.
357:
2590:
2188:
2612:
1635:, (1865–1951), Ottoman diplomat, ambassador and statesman
2923:
2485:"11 Refugee Children Freeze to Death in Kurdistan Camps"
2241:
Jewish Subjects and Their Tribal Chieftains in Kurdistan
620:
estimated the number of inhabitants in 2016 at 800,000.
491:. Qelaçiwalan became a battleground for the two rivals.
2633:
2280:"Sulaimania: Saving the dream city of a Kurdish prince"
2025:"Bi wêneyên Pêşengeha Pirtûkan a Navnetewî ya Silêmanî"
1714:(1944–2017), politician, historian and media proprietor
1509:
are represented by broken glass and tiny lights at the
1876:, with service on many commercial airlines, including
1653:
Tawfeq Mahmoud Hamza, (1867–1950), poet and journalist
3619:
384:
1469:
in Slemani, important tourist attraction in the city
404:
3568:
3532:
3494:
3394:
3331:
3297:
3192:
3171:
3079:
2508:
2506:
1912:
Chaldean Catholic Archeparchy of Kirkuk-Sulaimaniya
353:
336:
328:
323:
315:
305:
300:
290:
280:
260:
44:
544:From 1922 to 1924, Slemani was the capital of the
2536:"MONTHLY - ALL WEATHER AVERAGES: As-Sulaymaniyah"
1756:, (1947–1989), actor, poet, writer and journalist
523:, defeating their forces in 1694. Ottoman Sultan
3001:اعلام خواهرخواندگی سلیمانیه عراق و ناپل ایتالیا
2896:. KurdishGlobe. 13 February 2008. Archived from
2806:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2743:"Sulaimani city, on verge of economic collapse?"
1665:(1880–1948), historian, statesman and politician
458:. From Qarachatan Village, Slemani Governorate,
3475:Two-state solution (Iraqi–Kurdish negotiations)
2788:. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011
2452:"Unusually heavy snow hits Iraq's Sulaimaniya"
2051:"سەرۆکی هەرێمی کوردستان سەردانی سلێمانی دەکات"
1675:Sheikh Nuri Sheikh Salih Sheikh Ghani Barzinji
3274:
3057:
2978:. Sister Cities International. Archived from
2189:"The Leading Suly Government Site on the Net"
2183:
2181:
1689:(1904–1962), founder of modern Kurdish poetry
1533:Slemani at Night at the Top of Azmar Mountain
55:
49:
8:
2730:. Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan. pp. 503–504.
1556:: It is the second biggest museum after the
1383:The American University of Iraq – Sulaimani
656:Köppen-Geiger climate classification system
3538:
3500:
3400:
3337:
3281:
3267:
3259:
3064:
3050:
3042:
2741:Is the Paris of Iraq (21 September 2016).
2369:(KUNA). 11–12 January 2008. Archived from
2209:Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters (2009),
1987:. spu.edu.iq. 13 June 2015. Archived from
1695:(1914–2000), novelist, poet and translator
1671:(1891–1984), linguist, politician and poet
1659:, (1869 - 1930), journalist and politician
669:Climate data for Sulaymaniyah (1991-2021)
665:
618:The American University of Iraq, Sulaimani
515:prince to gain control of the province of
41:
3703:Populated places in Sulaymaniyah Province
2344:The American University of Iraq Sulaimani
2487:. Erbil. 12 January 2015. Archived from
1683:(1900–1976), prime Minister of Iraq 1958
1423:and two independent political magazines
641:Panorama of Sulaymaniyah, September 2015
3626:
2402:(NINA). 26 January 2010. Archived from
2278:Goudsouzian, Tanya (21 November 2016).
1976:
1605:(1779–1827), sufist and Islamic thinker
352:
335:
322:
314:
299:
259:
224:
158:
72:
2799:
1441:Slemani was the home of poets such as
3110:(northern part only; mostly disputed)
2819:
2817:
2315:
2313:
2230:
2228:
2226:
327:
304:
289:
279:
7:
3708:Populated places established in 1784
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
527:assigned him the district of Baban.
203:
173:
3463:Foreign missions in Iraqi Kurdistan
2946:"Kurdish Nationalism at an Impasse"
470:The region of Slemani was known as
394:
377:
50:
2613:"Sulaimani Polytechnic University"
2562:"As-Sulaymaniyah Weather Averages"
2211:Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire
2162:Ali, Meer Ako (13 November 2011).
2111:Cockrell-Abdullah, Autumn (2018).
1985:"Sulaimani Polytechnic University"
1874:Sulaimaniyah International Airport
1774:(1933-2017), 6th president of Iraq
27:City in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
25:
2703:. 28 October 2006. Archived from
2430:"Heavy Snow Blankets Sulaimaniya"
2249:10.1163/ej.9789004161900.i-376.31
2011:"Iraq: Governorates & Cities"
1914:(former Eastern Catholic diocese)
1780:(born 1963), actor and playwright
1587:Category:People from Sulaymaniyah
1402:Iraqi National Symphony Orchestra
3665:
3653:
3641:
3629:
3321:
3029:
2117:The Journal of Intersectionality
1855:
1843:
1677:(1896–1958), journalist and poet
1629:, (1834–1907), Ottoman statesman
1376:Sulaimani Polytechnic University
660:hot-summer Mediterranean climate
630:
595:against the British rule of the
409:), is a city in the east of the
267:
202:
195:
172:
165:
127:
116:
109:
98:
91:
80:
2747:Kurd Net – Ekurd.net Daily News
2164:"Sulaimany: 227 years of glory"
2057:(in Kurdish). 25 November 2019
1902:List of largest cities of Iraq
1744:(1927–1990), musician and poet
1732:(1940–2013), contemporary poet
1576:Sulaimani Archeological Museum
556:following the collapse of the
39:City in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
1:
2589:. Univsul.org. Archived from
2213:, p.70, Infobase Publishing,
1907:2011 Kurdish protests in Iraq
1645:Haji Mala Saeed Kirkukli Zada
34:Sulaymaniyah (disambiguation)
3312:Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)
2697:"Kurdistan diary: Day Three"
2432:. Iraq Updates. 3 March 2012
2235:Zaken, M. (1 January 2007),
1400:in a joint concert with the
3713:Kurdish settlements in Iraq
3468:Missions of Iraqi Kurdistan
2922:. Wusha.net. Archived from
2243:, Brill, pp. 107–112,
2237:"Chapter Five. Sulaimaniya"
1411:Two independent newspapers
858:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
718:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
405:
385:
329: • Estimate
186:Show map of Iraqi Kurdistan
3729:
3513:Taqtaq-Feshkhabur pipeline
2976:Interactive City Directory
2872:"Rudaw.NL, dé Opinieblog…"
2850:"Rudaw.NL, dé Opinieblog…"
2400:National Iraqi News Agency
1837:Twin towns – sister cities
1584:
1352:
668:
658:classifies its climate as
435:
417:and is the capital of the
319:882 m (2,895 ft)
31:
3698:District capitals of Iraq
3693:Cities in Iraqi Kurdistan
3599:
3541:
3503:
3403:
3340:
3318:
2587:"University of Sulaimani"
2396:"Snow covers Sulaimaniya"
2113:"There Is No Kurdish Art"
1833:is experiencing a surge.
1305:
1258:
1211:
1137:
1089:
1045:
1001:
927:
857:
787:
717:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
225:
159:
73:
64:
3073:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
2952:. tcf.org. 29 April 2019
2639:23 November 2010 at the
1571:Mozehanai Hunari Howchah
438:Timeline of Sulaymaniyah
419:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
358:https://slemani.gov.krd/
295:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
3480:Independence referendum
2145:10.13169/jinte.2.2.0103
2129:10.13169/jinte.2.2.0103
1831:Kurdistan Workers Party
1768:(born 1938), politician
1750:(1932–1976), politician
1720:, 8th president of Iraq
648:main population centres
597:Mandate for Mesopotamia
500:Ottoman Sultan Sulaiman
454:. It dates back to the
149:Amna Suraka Museum •
141:View over Suleymaniyah
3307:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
3006:5 October 2013 at the
2972:"Tucson Sister Cities"
2950:The Century Foundation
2728:Sulaymaniyah 200 Years
1872:The city is served by
1598:
1569:Museum of Modern Art (
1534:
1526:
1514:
1498:
1478:
1470:
1408:
467:
143:Roman amphitheater •
56:
3163:Sulaymaniyah District
2325:www.citypopulation.de
2168:The Kurdistan Tribune
1738:(born 1960), novelist
1594:
1532:
1520:
1504:
1496:
1476:
1464:
1396:
1371:University of Slemani
624:Geography and climate
456:Old Babylonian Period
445:
436:Further information:
306: • Governor
245:35.55722°N 45.43556°E
154:Suleymaniyah at night
3382:Disputed territories
3092:Darbandokeh District
3038:at Wikimedia Commons
2763:. Investpromo.gov.iq
2726:Salih Rasha, Akram.
2373:on 28 September 2013
1760:Rizgar Mohammed Amin
1657:Mevlanzade Rifat Bey
546:Kingdom of Kurdistan
511:, who was the first
32:For other uses, see
3410:(autonomous region)
3183:Halabja Governorate
3158:Sharbazher District
3087:Chamchamal District
2920:"Wusha Corporation"
2406:on 26 February 2014
2339:"Life in Sulaimani"
1991:on 25 December 2018
1963:Sulaymaniyah Museum
1958:Slemani Governorate
1827:Kurdish nationalism
1786:(born 1967), artist
1742:Muhamad Salih Dilan
1701:(1933-2018),
1681:Ahmad Mukhtar Baban
1046:Average snowy days
1002:Average rainy days
788:Daily mean °C (°F)
428:from 1784 to 1850.
241: /
151:Sulaymaniyah Museum
3431:Presidency Council
3153:Sharazoor District
3148:Saidsadiq District
2593:on 20 January 2018
2516:. Climate-Data.org
2491:on 3 February 2015
2367:Kuwait News Agency
2347:. 17 October 2016.
2174:on 9 October 2019.
2031:. 23 November 2019
1762:(born 1958), judge
1748:Shahab Sheikh Nuri
1712:Nawshirwan Mustafa
1599:
1535:
1527:
1515:
1499:
1479:
1471:
1436:Fête de la Musique
1409:
550:unrecognized state
468:
250:35.55722; 45.43556
145:Sharafkhan Bidlisi
3617:
3616:
3564:
3563:
3528:
3527:
3490:
3489:
3458:Foreign relations
3390:
3389:
3256:
3255:
3249:
3138:Qaradagh District
3119:
3118:(mostly disputed)
3111:
3107:Khanaqin District
3034:Media related to
2982:on 4 October 2013
2829:Leiden University
2462:. 14 January 2013
2258:978-90-474-2212-9
1933:Erbil Governorate
1923:Dohuk Governorate
1792:(1986-), novelist
1726:(1922–2006), poet
1663:Muhamed Amin Zaki
1623:(1830–1906), poet
1617:(1800–1873), poet
1611:(1800–1866), poet
1603:Khâlid-i Baghdâdî
1513:museum in Slemani
1361:
1360:
1092:relative humidity
462:. Located in the
403:
383:
363:
362:
16:(Redirected from
3720:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3634:
3633:
3625:
3539:
3501:
3426:
3408:Kurdistan Region
3401:
3377:
3369:
3361:
3353:
3338:
3326:
3325:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3260:
3247:
3193:Populated places
3179:Halabja District
3172:Former districts
3128:Penjwen District
3117:
3109:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3043:
3033:
3018:
3017:, 30 April 2013.
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2905:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2821:
2812:
2811:
2805:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2787:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2707:on 10 March 2012
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2649:
2643:
2631:
2625:
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1754:Dilshad Meriwani
1553:Sulaimani Museum
1497:Hewari Shar Park
1355:Climate-Data.org
666:
634:
607:to the emerging
591:The early 1920s
548:, a short-lived
411:Kurdistan Region
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1798:(1972-), artist
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1627:Said Pasha Kurd
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485:Safavid dynasty
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2655:. Hawlati.info
2653:"Hawlati.info"
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2123:(2): 103–128.
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2675:"ئاوێنە نیوز"
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1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1531:
1524:
1519:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1477:Sarchnar Park
1475:
1468:
1463:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1406:Kurdish music
1403:
1399:
1395:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1379:
1377:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:Mean monthly
1210:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1000:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
931:
930:precipitation
926:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
856:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
786:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
716:
672:
667:
663:
661:
657:
652:
649:
639:
633:
623:
621:
619:
615:
612:
610:
606:
600:
598:
594:
589:
587:
582:
580:
576:
572:
563:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
542:
540:
535:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
509:Sulaiman Baba
505:
501:
497:
496:Ibrahim Baban
492:
490:
486:
482:
479:
475:
474:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
444:
439:
431:
429:
427:
422:
420:
416:
412:
407:
401:
392:
387:
375:
371:
367:
359:
356:
348:
344:
341:
339:
331:
318:
311:
308:
296:
293:
286:
283:
276:
265:
263:
254:
226:Coordinates:
198:
168:
152:
146:
130:
119:
112:
101:
94:
83:
68:
63:
58:
43:
35:
30:
19:
3688:Sulaymaniyah
3520:Demographics
3508:Oil reserves
3422:
3414:Human rights
3245:Sulaymaniyah
3244:
3210:Darbandikhan
3036:Sulaymaniyah
3014:
3011:
2996:
2984:. Retrieved
2980:the original
2975:
2966:
2954:. Retrieved
2949:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2924:the original
2914:
2902:. Retrieved
2898:the original
2888:
2876:. Retrieved
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2844:
2832:. Retrieved
2828:
2790:. Retrieved
2777:
2765:. Retrieved
2755:
2746:
2736:
2727:
2721:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:the original
2701:KurdishGlobe
2691:
2679:. Retrieved
2669:
2657:. Retrieved
2647:
2629:
2617:. Retrieved
2615:. spu.edu.iq
2607:
2595:. Retrieved
2591:the original
2581:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:
2556:
2544:. Retrieved
2542:. Cantymedia
2539:
2530:
2518:. Retrieved
2493:. Retrieved
2489:the original
2479:
2471:
2464:. Retrieved
2446:
2434:. Retrieved
2424:
2415:
2408:. Retrieved
2404:the original
2390:
2382:
2375:. Retrieved
2371:the original
2362:
2353:
2342:
2333:
2324:
2303:
2291:. Retrieved
2283:
2273:
2262:, retrieved
2240:
2210:
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2172:the original
2167:
2157:
2147:– via
2120:
2116:
2087:. Retrieved
2080:
2077:"السليمانية"
2071:
2059:. Retrieved
2054:
2045:
2033:. Retrieved
2028:
2019:
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1989:the original
1979:
1967:
1871:
1824:
1778:Mahir Hassan
1736:Bachtyar Ali
1730:Sherko Bekas
1718:Barham Salih
1669:Taufiq Wahby
1570:
1551:
1536:
1483:
1480:
1467:amphitheater
1440:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1410:
1380:
1368:
1354:
932:mm (inches)
653:
645:
616:
613:
611:in 1951–52.
601:
593:Iraqi Revolt
590:
585:
583:
567:
564:Demographics
552:declared by
543:
536:
529:
503:
493:
471:
469:
423:
369:
366:Sulaymaniyah
365:
364:
210:Sulaymaniyah
180:Sulaymaniyah
46:Sulaymaniyah
29:
18:Sulaymaniyya
3672:Middle East
2986:4 September
2834:28 November
2677:. Awene.com
2540:Weatherbase
2293:21 November
2089:14 February
2085:(in Arabic)
2061:18 December
2035:18 December
1953:Saray Azadi
1796:Simko Ahmed
1784:Shwan Kamal
1724:Ahmad Hardi
1699:Jamal Nebez
1633:Şerif Pasha
1585:Main page:
1564:Amna Suraka
1511:Amna Suraka
1398:Adnan Karim
1306:Mean daily
1259:Mean daily
554:Iraqi Kurds
291:Governorate
248: /
3682:Categories
3436:Parliament
3240:Sharbazher
3205:Chamchamal
2874:. Rudaw.nl
2852:. Rudaw.nl
2619:24 October
2495:3 February
2456:Al Arabiya
2288:Al-Jazeera
2264:10 October
2082:Al Jazeera
1972:References
1816:, Qyzqapan
586:Peshkawtin
525:Mustafa II
450:, King of
395:السليمانية
324:Population
301:Government
236:45°26′08″E
233:35°33′26″N
3576:Peshmerga
3441:President
3423:Peshmerga
3419:Military
3376:(Slêmanî)
3360:(Helebce)
3345:Kurdistan
3333:Geography
3248:(capital)
3200:Barzinjah
3080:Districts
3015:(Persian)
3012:Kurdpress
2761:"Slemani"
2681:26 August
2659:26 August
2520:4 January
2137:2515-2114
1938:Kurdistan
1790:Sara Omar
1523:Tara Jaff
1365:Education
1140:dew point
579:Christian
577:, and 14
494:In 1783,
446:Stela of
400:romanized
338:Time zone
316:Elevation
3604:Category
3591:Zeravani
3581:Parastin
3396:Politics
3358:Halabja
3352:(Hewlêr)
3230:Qaladiza
3004:Archived
2956:18 April
2930:9 August
2904:9 August
2878:9 August
2856:9 August
2802:cite web
2792:12 April
2767:9 August
2711:9 August
2637:Archived
2634:auis.org
2597:9 August
2195:9 August
1896:See also
1821:Politics
1810:Cyaxares
1706:linguist
1651:Piramerd
1451:Piramerd
1381:In 2007
1353:Source:
1254:3,328.1
1142:°C (°F)
1138:Average
1090:Average
928:Average
758:(101.7)
753:(101.3)
532:Qaradagh
504:Qeyserîs
487:and the
452:Simurrum
448:Iddi-Sin
386:Silêmanî
57:Silêmanî
3622:Portals
3534:Culture
3496:Economy
3368:(Dihok)
3299:History
2571:17 July
2546:17 July
2466:3 March
2460:Reuters
2436:3 March
2417:color."
2410:3 March
2377:3 March
1995:13 June
1829:as the
1703:Kurdish
1546:Museums
1489:Tourism
1457:Economy
1414:Hawlati
1389:Culture
997:(29.4)
923:(49.6)
918:(32.5)
913:(39.9)
908:(54.1)
903:(63.5)
898:(71.6)
893:(71.6)
888:(64.2)
883:(54.3)
878:(45.3)
873:(37.6)
868:(31.1)
863:(29.3)
853:(62.9)
848:(41.7)
843:(50.7)
838:(67.3)
833:(79.7)
828:(88.5)
823:(88.5)
818:(81.1)
813:(69.4)
808:(58.6)
803:(49.6)
798:(41.5)
793:(38.1)
783:(74.3)
778:(51.8)
773:(61.7)
768:(79.5)
763:(92.7)
748:(93.7)
743:(81.1)
738:(69.4)
733:(59.9)
728:(51.3)
723:(47.5)
662:(Csa).
521:Ardalan
517:Şarezûr
478:Kurdish
466:, Iraq.
432:History
402::
378:سلێمانی
374:Kurdish
370:Slemani
354:Website
332:676,492
262:Country
147:statue
51:سلێمانی
3648:Cities
3609:Portal
3586:Asaish
3556:People
3546:Anthem
3366:Dohuk
3350:Erbil
3215:Gelara
2255:
2217:
2143:
2135:
1862:Naples
1566:museum
1540:Newroz
1465:Roman
1449:, and
1251:167.4
1245:272.8
1239:396.8
1236:418.5
1230:316.2
1224:213.9
1221:175.2
1218:164.3
992:(4.4)
987:(3.2)
982:(1.6)
977:(0.0)
962:(0.0)
957:(1.2)
952:(3.6)
947:(4.8)
942:(5.2)
937:(5.4)
674:Month
605:aliyah
575:Jewish
573:, 130
571:Muslim
391:Arabic
281:Region
272:
3235:Ranya
3225:Mawat
3220:Kalar
3181:(now
2786:(PDF)
2149:JSTOR
2141:JSTOR
2055:Rûdaw
2029:Rûdaw
1948:Ranya
1943:Kurds
1928:Erbil
1918:Duhok
1878:Iraqi
1814:Media
1803:Sites
1621:Mahwi
1609:Salim
1447:Mahwi
1429:Shock
1420:Awena
1348:12.6
1345:10.3
1342:10.7
1339:11.7
1336:12.8
1333:13.9
1330:14.8
1327:15.0
1324:14.5
1321:13.6
1318:12.4
1315:11.4
1312:10.5
1289:11.7
1286:12.8
1283:13.5
1280:13.6
1277:10.2
1207:(36)
1202:(36)
1197:(34)
1192:(36)
1187:(36)
1182:(39)
1177:(39)
1172:(37)
1167:(41)
1162:(39)
1157:(36)
1152:(32)
1147:(30)
713:Year
513:Baban
481:Baban
473:Zamwa
426:Baban
343:UTC+3
3660:Iraq
3636:Asia
3551:Flag
2988:2013
2958:2020
2932:2012
2906:2012
2880:2012
2858:2012
2836:2021
2808:link
2794:2011
2769:2012
2713:2012
2683:2014
2661:2014
2621:2014
2599:2012
2573:2024
2548:2024
2522:2014
2497:2015
2468:2013
2438:2013
2412:2013
2379:2013
2295:2016
2266:2023
2253:ISBN
2215:ISBN
2197:2012
2133:ISSN
2091:2021
2063:2019
2037:2019
1997:2015
1888:and
1615:Nalî
1443:Nalî
1427:and
1425:Lvin
1417:and
1369:The
1301:9.1
1298:5.4
1295:6.9
1292:8.8
1274:7.9
1271:6.9
1268:6.2
1265:5.3
1248:207
1242:351
1233:408
1227:237
1094:(%)
972:(0)
967:(0)
906:12.3
901:17.5
896:22.0
891:22.0
886:17.9
881:12.4
866:−0.5
861:−1.5
851:17.2
841:10.4
836:19.6
831:26.5
826:31.4
821:31.4
816:27.3
811:20.8
806:14.8
781:23.5
776:11.0
771:16.5
766:26.4
761:33.7
756:38.7
751:38.5
746:34.3
741:27.3
736:20.8
731:15.5
726:10.7
710:Dec
707:Nov
704:Oct
701:Sep
698:Aug
695:Jul
692:Jun
689:May
686:Apr
683:Mar
680:Feb
677:Jan
654:The
415:Iraq
275:Iraq
67:City
2245:doi
2125:doi
1812:of
1453:.
1133:45
1130:67
1127:56
1124:33
1121:22
1118:18
1115:20
1112:24
1109:41
1106:56
1103:61
1100:69
1097:70
1041:67
1038:11
1011:13
1008:10
1005:10
995:747
990:112
945:122
940:133
935:136
921:9.8
916:0.3
911:4.4
876:7.4
871:3.1
846:5.4
801:9.8
796:5.3
791:3.4
721:8.6
413:of
368:or
347:AST
3684::
3010:,
2974:.
2948:.
2827:.
2816:^
2804:}}
2800:{{
2745:.
2699:.
2564:.
2538:.
2505:^
2470:.
2458:.
2454:.
2414:.
2398:.
2381:.
2365:.
2361:.
2341:.
2323:.
2312:^
2286:.
2282:.
2251:,
2239:,
2225:^
2180:^
2166:.
2139:.
2131:.
2119:.
2115:.
2099:^
2079:.
2053:.
2027:.
1892:.
1884:,
1880:,
1445:,
1145:−1
1085:7
1082:0
1079:0
1076:0
1073:0
1070:0
1067:0
1064:0
1061:0
1058:0
1055:1
1052:2
1049:4
1035:5
1032:4
1029:0
1026:0
1023:1
1020:1
1017:4
1014:8
985:81
980:40
955:30
950:91
581:.
560:.
397:,
393::
389:;
380:,
376::
3624::
3425:)
3421:(
3282:e
3275:t
3268:v
3185:)
3065:e
3058:t
3051:v
2990:.
2960:.
2934:.
2908:.
2882:.
2860:.
2838:.
2810:)
2796:.
2771:.
2749:.
2715:.
2685:.
2663:.
2623:.
2601:.
2575:.
2550:.
2524:.
2499:.
2440:.
2327:.
2297:.
2247::
2199:.
2151:.
2127::
2121:2
2093:.
2065:.
2039:.
2013:.
1999:.
1573:)
1205:2
1200:2
1195:1
1190:2
1185:2
1180:4
1175:4
1170:3
1165:5
1160:4
1155:2
1150:0
975:1
970:0
965:0
960:1
372:(
349:)
345:(
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
