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of a seed, forming the primary root. It branches off to secondary roots, which in turn branch to form tertiary roots. These may further branch to form rootlets. For most plants species the radicle dies some time after seed germination, causing the development of a fibrous root system, which lacks a
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of the seed. The tap root can be persistent throughout the life of the plant but is most often replaced later in the plant's development by a fibrous root system. A persistent taproot system forms when the radicle keeps growing and smaller lateral roots form along the taproot. The shape of taproots
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begin life with a taproot, but after one to a few years the main root system changes to a wide-spreading fibrous root system with mainly horizontal-growing surface roots and only a few vertical, deep-anchoring roots. A typical mature tree 30–50 m tall has a root system that extends horizontally in
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The two types of root systems in plants. The fibrous-root system (A) is characterized by many roots with similar sizes. In contrast, plants that use the taproot system (B) grow a main root, with smaller roots branching off. The letters indicate where the root systems
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are typical; being deep-rooted, they are hard to uproot and if the taproot breaks off near the top, the part that stays in the ground often resprouts such that, for effective control, the taproot needs to be severed at least several centimetres below ground level.
335:, or even to grow in containers, because the root tends to grow deep rapidly and in many species comparatively slight obstacles or damage to the taproot will stunt or kill the plant. Among weeds with taproots
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as deep as 13 meters (43 feet) underground, to be tapped during the dry months... tree roots acting like pipes to allow water to shift around much faster than it could otherwise
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from which other roots sprout laterally. Typically a taproot is somewhat straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. In some plants, such as the
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Soil characteristics strongly influence the architecture of taproots; for example, deep and rich soils favour the development of vertical taproots in many oak species such as
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go on to develop branching root structures, although some that rely on the main root for storage may retain the dominant taproot for centuries—for example,
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Conical root: this type of root tuber is conical in shape, i.e. widest at the top and tapering steadily towards the bottom: e.g.
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all directions as far as the tree is tall or more, but as much as 100% of the roots are in the top 50 cm of soil.
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126:-like appearance. It is very broad at the top and tapers suddenly like a tail at the bottom: e.g.
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Fusiform root: this root is widest in the middle and tapers towards the top and the bottom: e.g.
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99:(angiosperms), start with a taproot, which is one main root forming from the enlarging
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from the surface to reservoirs deep underground and redistribute water... increases
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of plants with many branched roots, but many plants that grow a taproot during
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522:"Deep-rooted Plants Have Much Greater Impact On Climate Than Experts Thought"
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This article is about the plant root system. For other uses, see
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so well developed that it has been cultivated as a vegetable.
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Introductory Botany: Plants, People, and the
Environment
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and the evaporation of water... by 40 percent in the
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Dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally
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The edible, orange part of the carrot is its taproot
88:taproot (left) with the rest of the plant (right)
422:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 145–.
288:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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487:C. Michael Hogan (2008). N. Stromberg (ed.).
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453:Linda Berg; Linda R. Berg (23 March 2007).
331:Many plants with taproots are difficult to
319:Learn how and when to remove this message
104:can vary but the typical shapes include:
419:Botany: an introduction to plant biology
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58:contrasts with the adventitious- or
459:. Cengage Learning. pp. 112–.
39:is a large, central, and dominant
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239:main downward-growing root. Most
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142:Many taproots are modified into
560:Fullerton Arboretum on taproots
122:Napiform root: the root has a
95:, one of the two divisions of
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146:. Some plants with taproots:
257:Horticultural considerations
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234:Taproots develop from the
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274:This section includes a
21:Taproot (disambiguation)
530:The tap roots transfer
303:more precise citations.
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393:Ohio State University
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489:"Quercus kelloggii"
60:fibrous-root system
47:, the taproot is a
565:2008-03-08 at the
493:Globaltwitcher.com
276:list of references
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466:978-0-534-46669-5
429:978-0-7637-5345-0
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250:Quercus kelloggii
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495:. Archived from
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395:. Archived from
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206:Common milkweed
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399:on 2004-08-06.
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357:A tree taproot
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433:. Retrieved
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295:Please help
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186:Poppy mallow
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582:Plant roots
301:introducing
230:Development
76:Description
69:Welwitschia
64:germination
540:dry season
503:2008-10-17
375:References
337:dandelions
333:transplant
166:Sugar beet
548:percolate
532:rainwater
369:A taproot
309:July 2020
196:Sagebrush
171:Dandelion
86:dandelion
576:Category
563:Archived
416:(2009).
151:Beetroot
344:Gallery
297:improve
236:radicle
181:Parsnip
176:Parsley
156:Burdock
101:radicle
37:taproot
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201:Turnip
191:Radish
161:Carrot
128:turnip
117:radish
110:carrot
93:Dicots
45:carrot
31:begin.
282:, or
241:trees
220:pines
552:soil
474:2010
461:ISBN
437:2010
424:ISBN
224:firs
222:and
216:elms
212:oaks
54:The
41:root
124:top
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