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Many representations of a bearded god with a thunderbolt in one hand and a wheel in the other have been recovered from Gaul, where this deity apparently came to be
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449:, apparently associated with a specific god, known as the wheel-god, identified as the sky- sun- or thunder-god, whose name is attested as Taranis by
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in a
Germanic context. The identification of the Sun with a wheel, or a chariot, has parallels in Germanic, Greek and Vedic mythology (see
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827:
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134:, created between 200 BC and 300 AD, is thought to have a depiction of Taranis on the inner wall of cauldron on tile C
1365:
710:
Pedreño, Juan Carlos
Olivares. "Los dioses soberanos y los rĂos en la religiĂłn indĂgena de la Hispania indoeuropea". In:
171:
790:
746:
Jackson, Peter (2002). "Light from
Distant Asterisks. Towards a Description of the Indo-European Religious Heritage".
476:. Such "wheel pendants" from the Bronze Age usually had four spokes, and are commonly identified as solar symbols or "
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817:
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1038:
1024:
Gricourt, Daniel; Hollard, Dominique. "Taranis, le dieu celtique à la roue. Remarques préliminaires". In:
620:
207:(northern Italy). Similar European hydronyms have also been proposed to belong to the same root. The PIE
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453:. Numerous Celtic coins also depict such a wheel. The half-wheel shown in the Gundestrup cauldron
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Celto-Germanic, Later
Prehistory and Post-Proto-Indo-European vocabulary in the North and West
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Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
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deity to whom human sacrificial offerings were made. Taranis was associated, as was the
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199:
480:". Artefacts parallel to the Celtic votive wheels or wheel-pendants are the so-called
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296:, both meaning 'to thunder'. According to scholar Peter Jackson, the Celtic–Germanic
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Gricourt, Daniel; Hollard, Dominique. "Taranis, caelestiorum deorum maximus". In:
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Taranis and other Celtic gods are often referred to in the EPIX television series
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may have emerged as the result of the fossilization of an original epithet (or
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945:. University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies.
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927:(Oxford Paperback Reference), Oxford University Press, (1994):
697:
Sutrop, Urmas. "Taarapita-the Great God of the
Oeselians". In:
1056:"Marvel Teaser: The NEW God of Thunder? [Move Over THOR?]"
1372:
1364:
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Stone wheel representation from the Santa Tegra hill-fort (
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Symbolic votive wheels were offered at shrines (such as in
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may also be found in medieval Celtic languages, such as
203:('thundering' or 'thunderous'), an ancient name of the
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34:with wheel and thunderbolt), Le Chatelet, Gourzon,
510:). Museo arqueolĂłxico do castro de Santa Tegra
357:could mean 'of the descendants of Tar(a)nos'.
1084:
94:regions, amongst others. Taranis, along with
8:
522:Golden Celtic wheel with symbols, Balesme,
1091:
1077:
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1021:, vol. 17, n°1, 1991. pp. 343–400. ;
963:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
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666:
544:are often mentioned by characters of the
396:word for 'thunder' has been preserved in
792:Symbol and Image in Celtic Religious Art
699:Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore
445:, was an important symbol in historical
429:, dating from 50 BC to 50 AD.
328:is attested in the Gaulish divine names
211:-initial seems to have been retained in
980:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
613:
492:
158:form of the name is reconstructed as *
7:
685:
166:(switch of sounds) from an earlier *
162:('Thunder'), which derives through
1054:Doran, Michael (August 11, 2011).
336:, as well as in the personal name
102:, was mentioned by the Roman poet
78:, who was worshipped primarily in
14:
437:The wheel, more specifically the
515:
495:
233:context, the Proto-Celtic name *
464:), cast in rivers (such as the
457:also has eight visible spokes.
392:(' thunder, thunderclap'). The
1000:, Thorsons Publishers (2002):
998:The Celts: Life, Myth, and Art
961:Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
925:Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
468:), buried in tombs or worn as
282:), and further related to the
1:
1026:Dialogues d'histoire ancienne
1019:Dialogues d'histoire ancienne
822:. University of Texas Press.
528:Musée d'Archéologie Nationale
431:Musée d'Archéologie Nationale
816:Green, Miranda Jane (1993).
1851:Gods of the ancient Britons
174:(PIE) stem for 'thunder', *
1877:
1039:Celtic Gods and Associates
870:"Les Gaulois dans la B.D."
410:
407:Association with the wheel
18:
1362:
1107:
923:Ellis, Peter Berresford,
760:10.1163/15685270252772777
536:Later cultural references
648:Paul-Marie Duval. 2002.
441:wheel with six or eight
21:Taranis (disambiguation)
789:Green, Miranda (1992).
120:Brontes ("thunder") in
1378:
1370:
714:n. 18 (2000). p. 204.
652:Paris, Éditions Payot.
650:Les Dieux de la Gaule.
434:
194:), and in the Gaulish
135:
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885:10.3917/deba.016.0096
868:Simon, André (1981).
421:Votive wheels called
420:
130:
29:
16:Celtic god of thunder
455:"broken wheel" panel
371:('thunder, noise'),
237:is identical to the
19:For other uses, see
1110:Ancient deities of
688:, pp. 142–144.
313:Proto-Indo-European
172:Proto-Indo-European
132:Gundestrup cauldron
1726:Gallia Narbonensis
1379:
1371:
959:MacKillop, James.
636:2006-05-02 at the
621:M. Annaeus Lucanus
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170:, itself from the
150:Name and etymology
136:
124:, with the wheel.
40:
1833:
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1782:Matronae Aufaniae
1774:Germania Inferior
1251:Ialonus Contrebis
1044:Images of Taranis
903:Delamarre, Xavier
474:Middle Bronze Age
447:Celtic polytheism
413:Wheel of the Year
106:in his epic poem
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1708:Gallia Cisalpina
1504:Gallia Aquitania
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86:but also in the
74:) is the god of
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73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
33:
28:
22:
1856:Thunder gods
1846:Gaulish gods
1580:Iovantucarus
1419:Belatucadros
1369:Celtic wheel
1335:
1151:Anextiomarus
1109:
1059:
1025:
1018:
997:
979:
960:
942:
924:
906:
876:
872:
863:
852:. Retrieved
848:the original
838:
819:Celtic Myths
818:
811:
791:
784:
751:
747:
741:
711:
706:
698:
693:
649:
644:
624:
616:
552:
545:
540:Taranis and
539:
483:Zierscheiben
481:
459:
436:
422:
400:
389:
387:Middle Welsh
382:
375:
368:
359:
354:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
323:
316:
304:
301:
293:
286:
279:
272:
265:
258:
250:
242:
241:Thunder-god
234:
228:
223:
219:
215:
208:
198:
179:
175:
167:
159:
156:Proto-Celtic
153:
137:
107:
71:
67:
59:
55:
52:Proto-Celtic
47:
41:
1815:Endovelicus
1565:Icovellauna
1464:Ricagambeda
1341:Telesphorus
1296:Nantosuelta
1049:Celtic Gods
909:. Errance.
524:Haute-Marne
488:sun chariot
478:sun crosses
427:Belgic Gaul
380:Old Cornish
360:Additional
355:tar(a)nekūm
348:euhemerized
340:. The name
213:Celtiberian
140:syncretised
36:Haute-Marne
1840:Categories
1792:Nehalennia
1749:Cathubodua
1716:Ambisagrus
1663:Moritasgus
1628:Atepomarus
1585:Veraudunus
1527:Sexarbores
1399:Alaisiagae
896:References
854:2012-04-22
472:since the
411:See also:
373:Old Breton
338:Taranutius
334:Taranucnos
305:~ *Tonaros
243:*Ăžun(a)raz
216:steniontes
164:metathesis
70:, earlier
58:, earlier
1802:Gallaecia
1787:Gebrinius
1693:Smertrios
1600:Xulsigiae
1590:Vindonnus
1575:Intarabus
1484:Vinotonus
1439:Coventina
1424:Britannia
1414:Arnemetia
1394:Abandinus
1386:Britannia
1351:Virotutis
1266:Loucetios
1216:Dis Pater
1201:Cissonius
1196:Cicolluis
1191:Cernunnos
1181:Brigantia
1122:by region
1120:Gallaecia
1061:Newsarama
982:. Brill.
768:0029-5973
720:0213-0181
686:Koch 2020
626:Pharsalia
608:Footnotes
555:Britannia
366:Old Irish
350:god. The
311:) of the
309:epiclesis
302:Ăžun(a)raz
176:(s)tenhâ‚‚-
109:Pharsalia
88:Rhineland
30:Taranis (
1764:Rudianos
1759:Nemausus
1734:Albiorix
1688:Souconna
1653:Nemetona
1648:Luxovius
1638:Gobannus
1623:Anvallus
1560:Arvernus
1555:Arduinna
1434:Cocidius
1409:Andraste
1356:Visucius
1346:Toutatis
1331:Suleviae
1326:Sucellus
1311:Rosmerta
1206:Condatis
1171:Belisama
1141:Alisanos
978:(2009).
941:(2020).
905:(2003).
873:Le DĂ©bat
634:Archived
597:Tuireann
577:Perkūnas
567:Delbáeth
561:See also
550:series.
542:Toutatis
504:A Guarda
423:Rouelles
362:cognates
318:Perkunos
298:isogloss
284:Sanskrit
205:River Po
196:hydronym
190:(modern
100:Toutatis
84:Hispania
60:*Tonaros
38:, France
1744:Buxenus
1739:Artaius
1683:Sequana
1643:Icaunis
1618:Acionna
1595:Vosegus
1570:Inciona
1550:Ancamna
1512:Abellio
1494:Veteris
1489:Verbeia
1469:Satiada
1404:Ancasta
1377:Taranis
1336:Taranis
1286:Matrona
1276:Maponos
1261:Litavis
1246:Grannus
1231:Erecura
1186:Camulus
1166:Belenus
1146:Andarta
1136:Alaunus
1116:Britain
776:3270472
547:Asterix
508:Galicia
470:amulets
439:chariot
394:Gaulish
330:Taranis
326:Toranos
287:stánati
235:Tonaros
229:In the
220:stenion
200:Tanarus
184:Chester
168:Tonaros
160:Toranos
144:Jupiter
118:Cyclops
76:thunder
72:Tanarus
68:Taranus
56:Toranos
48:Taranis
32:Jupiter
1810:Bandua
1658:Moccus
1633:Bricta
1545:Abnoba
1474:Senuna
1459:Ocelus
1454:Nodens
1321:Sirona
1316:Segomo
1306:Ritona
1301:Ogmios
1291:Mogons
1281:Matres
1221:Divona
1211:Damona
1102:series
1004:
986:
967:
949:
931:
913:
826:
799:
774:
766:
718:
712:GeriĂłn
631:Book I
462:Alesia
443:spokes
398:Gascon
385:, and
369:torann
273:Thuner
270:OFris.
266:Thunar
222:, and
188:Clunia
180:tanaro
114:Celtic
92:Danube
1820:Nabia
1678:Robor
1673:Naria
1668:Mullo
1522:Fagus
1479:Sulis
1449:Latis
1444:Iouga
1429:Clota
1271:Lugus
1256:Lenus
1226:Epona
1176:Borvo
1161:Aveta
1156:Artio
772:JSTOR
748:Numen
587:Perun
582:Indra
466:Seine
451:Lucan
401:taram
390:taran
383:taran
376:taran
343:Taran
291:Latin
280:Donar
259:Ăžunor
245:(cf.
224:stena
142:with
112:as a
104:Lucan
64:Latin
1825:Reue
1698:Telo
1517:Baco
1236:Esus
1118:and
1112:Gaul
1002:ISBN
984:ISBN
965:ISBN
947:ISBN
929:ISBN
911:ISBN
824:ISBN
797:ISBN
764:ISSN
716:ISSN
602:Zeus
592:Thor
332:and
294:tono
289:and
251:Þórr
154:The
98:and
96:Esus
90:and
82:and
80:Gaul
881:doi
756:doi
490:).
321:.
277:OHG
226:.
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42:In
1842::
1114:,
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877:16
875:.
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752:49
750:.
726:^
674:^
657:^
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526:.
506:,
403:.
378:,
275:,
268:,
263:OS
261:,
256:OE
254:,
247:ON
218:,
146:.
66::
62:;
46:,
1092:e
1085:t
1078:v
1064:.
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971:.
955:.
919:.
887:.
883::
857:.
832:.
805:.
778:.
758::
628:,
530:.
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300:*
209:s
182:(
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23:.
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