547:, to crush the invading armies. Indraracha defeated Yutthitthira but was killed during battles against Nagara, Tilokkaratâs uncle. However, Lan Na was plunged by her own internal princely conflicts. In 1474, Borommatrailokkanat finally expelled Lan Na out of Ayutthaya territories. The next year, Tilokarat sought peace settlements.
385:
Borommatrailokkanat adopted the position of
Uparaja, translated as "Deputy-King", "viceroy" or "underking", usually held by the king's senior son, or full brother, or the sons of their queens, in an attempt to regularize the succession to the throne â a particularly difficult feat for a polygamous
528:
led the Lan Na armies to invade
Ayutthaya but without achieving fruitful results and retreated. Trailokkanat then took this opportunity to retake Sukhothai. Borommatrailokkanat, upon seeing the seriousness of the wars, made Phitsanulok his base, moving the capital from Ayutthaya.
510:
was so powerful that he led armies down south to subjugate
Ayutthaya. In 1456, Yutthitthira sought Tilokkaratâs support and led the Lan Na armies to capture Sukhothai and proceeded further towards Ayutthaya. Borommatrailokkanat, however, led armies to successfully defeat Lan Na.
329:
Borommatrailokkanat reformed the Thai bureaucracy â the system lasted well into the 20th century. He separated civil and military officials, giving them titular ranks and feudal ranks to create the hierarchy of nobility, or life-nobles. He also established the
576:
and King of
Sukhothai. The title "King of Sukhothai" then became a title for Ayutthayan Crown Prince. However, upon Borommatrailokkanat's death in 1488, his two sons inherited the two kingdoms, thus separating the union once again. Fort Borommatrailokkanat
499:, a Sukhothai royal and Boromtrailokkanatâs relative, was the king's close childhood friend. He himself had promised Yuttittira the title of uparaja. However, after Borommatrailokkanatâs reforms, Yuttittira ended up with the title of the Governor of
1676:
334:: Inner Cities, Outer Cities, and Tributaries. He also stopped the tradition of appointing royal princes to govern cities, as they had always clashed with each other in times of succession. Borommatrailokkanat promulgated Ayutthayan Law in 1458.
386:
dynasty. In practice, there was inherent conflict between king and uparaja and frequent disputed successions. He appointed his eldest son
Uparaja of Ayutthaya while he lived in Phitsanulok for twenty-five years, keeping
1818:
1806:
1642:
1630:
285:
Be that as it may, Ramesuan was born at a time when the
Kingdom of Sukhothai was increasingly tied to Ayutthaya, being under its suzerainty since 1412. When King Maha Thammaracha IV (
2311:
353:)âwere introduced by Borommatrailokkanat. Originally they were meant to serve as simultaneous military and civil Greater Officers of State for the north and south, respectively.
1570:
1532:
1467:
550:
In
Phitsanulok, Borommatrailokkanat ordered the establishment of new temples as well as the restoration of existing older ones. He ordered the construction of a
301:(which had replaced the city of Sukhothai as capital around 1430) to rule the former territories of Sukhothai which were now known as the "northern cities"
289:) of Sukhothai died in 1438, Borommaracha II of Ayutthaya annexed Sukhothai and installed his own son, then seven year old Prince Ramesuan, as viceroy
331:
49:
1688:
247:
belief, was a "glorious and happy sign". His reign was also known for massive reforms of Thai bureaucracy and a successful campaign against the
2662:
2297:
1274:
1239:
1218:
2046:
1618:
1582:
1169:
1460:
2672:
2304:
1664:
1606:
1594:
350:
2383:
1972:
1493:
1191:
651:
544:
342:
133:
2667:
2657:
2647:
2609:
1488:
1453:
555:
282:, however, this is not verifiable in historic sources and may be due to a misreading or misinterpretation of a chronicle.
1941:
1292:
479:
263:
163:
2652:
407:
482:. The expedition was mentioned in Portuguese chronicles, written several years later, as not of great significance.
2408:
537:
390:
under control. Eventually, a younger son was made the
Uparaja of Phitsanulok, junior to the Uparaja of Ayutthaya.
2485:
2477:
2097:
1763:
312:
Borommaracha II died in 1448, Prince
Ramesuan was then crowned King Borommatrailokkanat of Ayutthaya, making a
240:
2601:
1987:
1338:
532:
Borommatrailokkanat, accompanied by more than 2000 followers, was the first Thai king to be ordained as a
2363:
2280:
1997:
1977:
1321:
705:
267:
173:
77:
53:
Statue of King
Borommatrailokkanat at the Old Ayothaya townhall (āļĻāļēāļĨāļēāļāļĨāļēāļāļāļąāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļĢāļĻāļĢāļĩāļāļĒāļļāļāļĒāļēāļŦāļĨāļąāļāđāļāđāļē)
2378:
48:
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2195:
1962:
1898:
1753:
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586:
522:
491:
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59:
1527:
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2403:
1903:
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1420:
1410:
1381:
881:
515:
429:
1625:
496:
2418:
2260:
2128:
1888:
1801:
1659:
1637:
1249:
855:
741:
421:
1813:
2456:
2336:
1917:
1844:
1427:
1395:
1328:
1270:
1264:
1235:
1214:
1187:
475:
362:
271:
224:
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120:
103:
1683:
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2102:
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2017:
1720:
1613:
1589:
500:
425:
125:
87:
1601:
2388:
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2030:
2007:
1758:
1748:
1066:
578:
279:
2561:
2556:
2358:
2289:
2265:
2255:
2212:
1992:
1946:
1508:
1437:
1371:
1088:
567:
313:
129:
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2587:
2517:
2240:
2076:
2071:
2002:
1883:
1873:
1863:
1710:
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232:
207:
195:
2538:
2511:
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2320:
2092:
2061:
2056:
1782:
1768:
1733:
1654:
1356:
1009:
251:
Kingdom to the north. He was revered as one of the greatest monarchs of Thailand.
1253:
1229:
1208:
2581:
2448:
2324:
2250:
1743:
1695:
1186:
Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd.,
298:
2571:
2461:
2428:
2245:
2138:
1868:
1830:
1649:
507:
387:
373:
286:
270:
or Chao Sam Phraya. Some authors claim that his mother was a princess of the
2438:
2143:
2123:
1967:
1504:
582:
371:. Each subject was given a numerical ranking corresponding to the number of
566:
In 1485, Borommatrailokkanat appointed his son Prince Chaiyachettha (later
17:
2393:
2328:
2230:
2199:
2148:
2066:
2051:
1878:
244:
183:
543:
In 1463, Lan Na invaded again. Borommatrailokkanat sent his son, Prince
2566:
2551:
2423:
2235:
2225:
2133:
1738:
1560:
1544:
1539:
1445:
1266:
Sacred Biography in the Buddhist Traditions of South and Southeast Asia
572:
533:
439:
399:
367:
292:
158:
227:
from 1448 to 1488. He was one of many monarchs who gained the epithet
2220:
2181:
1936:
1728:
1705:
551:
416:
304:
248:
1228:
Chirapravati, M. L. Pattaratorn; McGill, Forrest (26 January 2005).
297:
of Sukhothai. When Ramesuan was 15 years old, the king sent him to
2413:
2107:
2012:
1825:
1116:
1114:
503:. Yutthitthira then claimed to be the rightful king of Sukhothai.
1170:"Bloggang.com : : āļāļąāļĄāļĄāđ - āđāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĄāđāļāļĢāđāļĨāļāļāļēāļ"
1069:(1978). "A Guide through some Recent Sukhothai Historiography".
403:
2293:
1449:
1231:
The Kingdom of Siam: The Art of Central Thailand, 1350-1800
478:. The Thai had been suspicious of the sultanate since its
309:
and increase the control of the ruling family over them.
1207:
Becker, Benjawan Poomsan; Thongkaew, Roengsak (2008).
365:
were first codified under the hierarchy system called
239:). He was the first Thai king to possess a "noble" or
410:
were listed among the eight great first-rank cities (
1010:"An Overview of Government and Politics in Thailand"
2594:
2580:
2537:
2528:
2510:
2501:
2470:
2447:
2344:
2335:
2211:
2194:
2174:
2161:
2116:
2085:
2039:
1955:
1929:
1916:
1856:
1843:
1794:
1781:
1719:
1553:
1520:
1503:
179:
169:
157:
143:
119:
109:
97:
93:
83:
73:
65:
58:
32:
1156:
1144:
1132:
1120:
1105:
1053:
1041:
1255:Lords of Life: A History of the Kings of Thailand
1095:(Second ed.). Silkworm Book. pp. 58â59.
402:system, and ranked the cities recognizing him as
474:In 1455, Borommatrailokkanat sent envoys to the
432:were downgraded to be the level of four cities (
996:
398:In 1468, Borommatrailokkanat adopted a mandala
2305:
1461:
8:
337:The traditional ministries of Thailandâthe
149:Ramesuan Boromma Borommatrailokkanat Bophit
2534:
2507:
2341:
2312:
2298:
2290:
2208:
2171:
1926:
1853:
1791:
1517:
1468:
1454:
1446:
1283:
606:
597:
433:
47:
29:
1029:
989:
706:King Borommarachathirat II of Ayutthaya
266:r. 1369â1370) was born in 1431 to King
208:[bÉĖË.rÅm.mÄ.trÄj.lÃīËk.kÄ.nÃĒËt]
2602:Phra Ratcha Wang Bowon Sathan Mongkhon
2144:Maha Thammarachathirat III (Uthumphon)
2139:Maha Thammarachathirat II (Borommakot)
835:
831:
821:
721:
626:King Borommarachathirat I of Ayutthaya
615:
611:
589:, is named after Borommatrailokkanat.
442:. Governors of first class towns were
140:
1998:Borommarachathirat IV (Athittayawong)
1988:Borommarachathirat III (Borommaracha)
936:
934:
924:
911:
901:
897:
885:
882:King Maha Thammaracha II of Sukhothai
879:
869:
853:
843:
839:
818:King Borommatrailokkanat of Ayutthaya
815:
805:
793:
783:
779:
767:
765:
755:
739:
729:
725:
709:
703:
693:
681:
671:
667:
655:
649:
639:
623:
619:
206:
7:
2610:Phra Ratcha Wang Bowon Sathan Phimuk
856:King Maha Thammaracha I of Sukhothai
742:King Maha Thammaracha I of Sukhothai
1899:Maha Thammaracha III (Sai Lue Thai)
2047:Sanphet I (Maha Thammarachathirat)
1978:Borommarachathirat II (Sam Phraya)
25:
2129:Sanphet VIII (Suriyenthrathibodi)
1983:Borommatrailokkanat (Ramesuan II)
1012:. Royal Thai Embassy, Seoul. 2014
394:Tributary relationships of Cities
316:between Sukhothai and Ayutthaya.
2226:Rama II (Phutthaloetla Naphalai)
1904:Maha Thammaracha IV (Borommapan)
601:Ancestors of Borommatrailokkanat
521:, and Yutthitthira, governor of
223:(1431â1488) was the king of the
2072:Borommaracha II (Chetthathirat)
1963:Borommarachathirat I (Pha Ngua)
1351:Establishment of a new position
536:. The ordination took place at
2221:Rama I (Phutthayotfa Chulalok)
2103:Sanphet VII (Si Suthammaracha)
1993:Ramathibodi II (Chetthathirat)
1894:Maha Thammaracha II (Lue Thai)
1042:Chirapravati & McGill 2005
1:
2663:15th-century monarchs in Asia
2026:Maha Chakkraphat (Thianracha)
1077:(2): 182â246, at pp. 189â190.
556:Wat Ratchaburana, Phitsanulok
1973:Intharachathirat (Nakhon In)
1889:Maha Thammaracha I (Li Thai)
1494:Lan Na monarchs' family tree
652:King Intharacha of Ayutthaya
377:of land he was entitled to.
2486:Phra Ratcha Wang Suan Luang
2478:Phra Ratcha Wang Chan Kasem
2261:Rama IX (Bhumibol Aduyadej)
2149:Borommaracha III (Ekkathat)
1071:Journal of the Siam Society
997:Becker & Thongkaew 2008
361:Also in his reign in 1454,
2689:
2256:Rama VIII (Ananda Mahidol)
2057:Sanphet III (Ekathotsarot)
1489:Thai monarchs' family tree
833:
715:
613:
538:Wat Chulamani, Phitsanulok
489:
2414:Somdet Phra Narai Maharat
2278:
2067:Borommaracha I (Songtham)
2062:Sanphet IV (Si Saowaphak)
1483:
1434:
1425:
1417:
1402:
1393:
1378:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1335:
1326:
1318:
1313:
1286:
1263:Schober, Juliane (2002).
1093:Thailand: A Short History
918:
899:
891:
863:
841:
837:
799:
781:
773:
749:
727:
723:
687:
669:
661:
633:
617:
434:
278:. According to historian
262:(not to be confused with
236:
216:
199:
148:
139:
46:
39:
2673:15th-century Thai people
2399:Somdet Phra Ekathotsarot
2182:Borommaracha IV (Taksin)
2093:Sanphet V (Prasat Thong)
2018:Worawongsathirat (Bunsi)
1764:Intavaroros Suriyavongse
341:(predecessor of today's
2266:Rama X (Vajiralongkorn)
2108:Ramathibodi III (Narai)
1269:. Motilal Banarsidass.
1210:Thai law for foreigners
1157:Chunlachakkraphong 1967
1145:Chunlachakkraphong 1967
1133:Chunlachakkraphong 1967
1121:Chunlachakkraphong 1967
1106:Chunlachakkraphong 1967
1054:Chunlachakkraphong 1967
1044:, pp. 54, 65, 119.
912:13. Si Thammaratchamada
554:and other buildings at
462:, and sixth class were
229:King of White Elephants
2251:Rama VII (Prajadhipok)
2241:Rama V (Chulalongkorn)
2117:Ban Phlu Luang dynasty
1937:Ramathibodi I (Uthong)
1339:Borommarachathirat III
1213:. Paiboon Publishing.
243:, which, according to
2457:Nai Chopkhotchaprasit
2281:List of Thai monarchs
2124:Phetracha (Mahaburut)
2052:Sanphet II (Naresuan)
1322:Borommarachathirat II
268:Borommarachathirat II
174:Borommarachathirat II
78:Borommarachathirat II
2668:Princes of Ayutthaya
2658:Phitsanulok province
2648:Suphannaphum dynasty
2530:Rattanakosin Kingdom
2394:Somdet Phra Naresuan
2246:Rama VI (Vajiravudh)
2134:Sanphet IX (Thai Sa)
2086:Prasat Thong dynasty
1956:Suphannaphum dynasty
1795:Singhanavati dynasty
1783:Singhanavati Kingdom
1754:Kawilorot Suriyawong
1477:Monarchs of Thailand
1428:Ruler of Phitsanulok
1357:Viceroy of Ayutthaya
1293:Suphannaphum Dynasty
1288:Borommatrailokkanat
1234:. Asian Art Museum.
587:Phitsanulok Province
492:Ayutthaya-Lan Na War
454:, fourth class were
446:, second class were
351:ministry of interior
164:Suphannaphum Dynasty
2547:Maha Sura Singhanat
2434:Chaofa Thammathibet
2409:Cho Muen Si Sorarak
2231:Rama III (Nangklao)
1382:Maha Thammaracha IV
480:conversion to Islam
458:, fifth class were
450:, third class were
408:Nakhon Sri Thamarat
343:ministry of defence
217:BrahmatrailokanÄtha
192:Borommatrailokkanat
33:Borommatrailokkanat
2653:Kings of Ayutthaya
2364:Phra Athittayawong
1857:Phra Ruang dynasty
1407:Title next held by
1368:Title next held by
1250:Chunlachakkraphong
412:Phraya maha nakhon
406:. Phitsanulok and
349:(precursor of the
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2524:
2523:
2497:
2496:
2379:Maha Upara (Chan)
2337:Ayutthaya Kingdom
2287:
2286:
2274:
2273:
2236:Rama IV (Mongkut)
2190:
2189:
2157:
2156:
2098:Sanphet VI (Chai)
2040:Sukhothai dynasty
1918:Ayutthaya Kingdom
1912:
1911:
1845:Sukhothai Kingdom
1839:
1838:
1777:
1776:
1444:
1443:
1435:Succeeded by
1396:King of Sukhothai
1391:
1336:Succeeded by
1329:King of Ayutthaya
1276:978-81-208-1812-5
1241:978-0-939117-27-7
1220:978-1-887521-57-4
980:
979:
976:
975:
476:Malacca Sultanate
470:Foreign relations
272:Sukhothai Kingdom
255:King of Sukhothai
225:Ayutthaya Kingdom
189:
188:
153:
152:
115:Ayutthaya Kingdom
113:1488 (aged 56â57)
104:Ayutthaya Kingdom
41:King of Ayutthaya
27:King of Ayutthaya
16:(Redirected from
2680:
2614:
2613:(Deputy Viceroy)
2606:
2535:
2508:
2503:Thonburi Kingdom
2490:
2489:(Deputy Viceroy)
2482:
2439:Chaofa Uthumphon
2342:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2291:
2209:
2205:
2175:Thonburi dynasty
2172:
2168:
2163:Thonburi Kingdom
2022:
1927:
1923:
1854:
1850:
1822:
1810:
1792:
1788:
1721:Chet Ton dynasty
1692:
1680:
1668:
1646:
1634:
1622:
1610:
1598:
1586:
1574:
1536:
1518:
1514:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1447:
1418:Preceded by
1385:
1379:Preceded by
1319:Preceded by
1309:
1302:
1284:
1280:
1259:
1245:
1224:
1194:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1166:
1160:
1159:, p. 32-33.
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1006:
1000:
994:
607:
598:
486:Wars with Lan Na
437:
436:
238:
237:āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāđāļēāļāđāļēāļāđāļāļ·āļāļ
218:
210:
205:
201:
141:
126:Borommaracha III
88:Borommaracha III
51:
30:
21:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2617:
2612:
2604:
2590:
2576:
2520:
2493:
2488:
2480:
2466:
2449:Deputy Viceroys
2443:
2374:Phra Thianracha
2331:
2325:Deputy Viceroys
2318:
2288:
2283:
2270:
2203:
2202:
2186:
2166:
2165:
2153:
2112:
2081:
2035:
2031:Mahinthrathirat
2020:
2008:Chairachathirat
1951:
1921:
1920:
1908:
1848:
1847:
1835:
1816:
1804:
1786:
1785:
1773:
1759:Inthawichayanon
1749:Mahotaraprathet
1715:
1686:
1674:
1662:
1640:
1628:
1616:
1604:
1592:
1580:
1568:
1566:Chaiyasongkhram
1554:Mangrai dynasty
1549:
1530:
1512:
1511:
1499:
1498:
1479:
1474:
1440:
1431:
1423:
1408:
1399:
1384:
1369:
1360:
1352:
1349:
1341:
1332:
1324:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1277:
1262:
1258:. Alvin Redman.
1248:
1242:
1227:
1221:
1206:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1185:
1181:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1112:
1104:
1100:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1067:Michael Vickery
1065:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1003:
995:
991:
986:
981:
595:
579:Royal Thai Army
564:
558:, for example.
494:
488:
472:
396:
383:
359:
327:
322:
280:Michael Vickery
260:Prince Ramesuan
257:
203:
132:
128:
114:
102:
54:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2686:
2684:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2630:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2607:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2582:Deputy Viceroy
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2562:Sakdiphonlasep
2559:
2557:Maha Senanurak
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2483:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2369:Phra Chairacha
2366:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2348:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2294:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2213:Chakri dynasty
2206:
2204:(1782âpresent)
2192:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2169:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1947:Ramrachathirat
1944:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1930:Uthong dynasty
1924:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1858:
1851:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1811:
1798:
1796:
1789:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1681:
1669:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1635:
1623:
1611:
1599:
1587:
1575:
1563:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1528:Lawachangkarat
1524:
1522:
1515:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1406:
1401:
1392:
1388:as vassal king
1380:
1376:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1353:
1350:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1314:Regnal titles
1311:
1310:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1260:
1246:
1240:
1225:
1219:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1179:
1161:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1110:
1098:
1089:David K. Wyatt
1080:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1032:, p. 196.
1022:
1001:
999:, p. 166.
988:
987:
985:
982:
978:
977:
974:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
944:
943:
941:
938:
937:
935:
933:
930:
929:
926:
925:
923:
920:
919:
917:
914:
913:
910:
907:
906:
903:
902:
900:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
887:
886:
884:
878:
875:
874:
871:
870:
868:
865:
864:
862:
859:
858:
852:
849:
848:
845:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
820:
814:
811:
810:
807:
806:
804:
801:
800:
798:
795:
794:
792:
789:
788:
785:
784:
782:
780:
778:
775:
774:
772:
769:
768:
766:
764:
761:
760:
757:
756:
754:
751:
750:
748:
745:
744:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
717:
716:
714:
711:
710:
708:
702:
699:
698:
695:
694:
692:
689:
688:
686:
683:
682:
680:
677:
676:
673:
672:
670:
668:
666:
663:
662:
660:
657:
656:
654:
648:
645:
644:
641:
640:
638:
635:
634:
632:
629:
628:
622:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
603:
602:
596:
594:
591:
568:Ramathibodi II
563:
560:
490:Main article:
487:
484:
471:
468:
395:
392:
382:
379:
358:
355:
326:
323:
321:
318:
314:personal union
274:, daughter of
256:
253:
241:white elephant
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
155:
154:
151:
150:
146:
145:
137:
136:
130:Ramathibodi II
123:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
99:
95:
94:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2685:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2611:
2608:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2588:Anurak Devesh
2585:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Itsarasunthon
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2519:
2518:Inthraphithak
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2487:
2484:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:Luang Sorasak
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2404:Chaofa Suthat
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Phra Ramesuan
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:Phra Ramesuan
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2282:
2277:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2164:
2160:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2077:Athittayawong
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2003:Ratsadathirat
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1884:Ngua Nam Thum
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:Ram Khamhaeng
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1864:Si Inthrathit
1862:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1784:
1780:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1711:Wisutthithewi
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Chaiyachettha
1699:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1672:Mueangketklao
1670:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1421:Yutthishthian
1416:
1413:
1412:
1411:Yutthishthian
1405:
1398:
1397:
1390:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1358:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1285:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1147:, p. 35.
1146:
1141:
1138:
1135:, p. 33.
1134:
1129:
1126:
1123:, p. 34.
1122:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1108:, p. 31.
1107:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1056:, p. 39.
1055:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1023:
1011:
1005:
1002:
998:
993:
990:
983:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
945:
942:
940:
939:
932:
931:
928:
927:
922:
921:
916:
915:
909:
908:
905:
904:
895:
894:
889:
888:
883:
877:
876:
873:
872:
867:
866:
861:
860:
857:
851:
850:
847:
846:
829:
828:
825:
824:
819:
813:
812:
809:
808:
803:
802:
797:
796:
791:
790:
787:
786:
777:
776:
771:
770:
763:
762:
759:
758:
753:
752:
747:
746:
743:
737:
736:
733:
732:
719:
718:
713:
712:
707:
701:
700:
697:
696:
691:
690:
685:
684:
679:
678:
675:
674:
665:
664:
659:
658:
653:
647:
646:
643:
642:
637:
636:
631:
630:
627:
621:
609:
608:
605:
604:
600:
599:
592:
590:
588:
584:
580:
575:
574:
569:
561:
559:
557:
553:
548:
546:
541:
539:
535:
534:Buddhist monk
530:
527:
525:
520:
518:
514:Tilokarat of
512:
509:
506:Lan Na under
504:
502:
498:
493:
485:
483:
481:
477:
469:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:
413:
409:
405:
401:
393:
391:
389:
380:
378:
376:
375:
370:
369:
364:
356:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
335:
333:
324:
319:
317:
315:
310:
308:
306:
300:
296:
294:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
264:King Ramesuan
261:
254:
252:
250:
246:
242:
234:
230:
226:
222:
214:
209:
197:
193:
185:
182:
178:
175:
172:
168:
165:
162:
160:
156:
147:
142:
138:
135:
131:
127:
124:
122:
118:
112:
108:
105:
100:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
50:
45:
42:
38:
31:
19:
2353:
2196:Rattanakosin
1982:
1769:Kaew Nawarat
1734:Thammalangka
1655:Yotchiangrai
1626:Saenmueangma
1438:Chettathirat
1426:
1409:
1403:
1394:
1387:
1386:
1372:Chettathirat
1370:
1364:
1355:
1347:New creation
1346:
1327:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1265:
1254:
1230:
1209:
1201:Bibliography
1182:
1173:
1164:
1152:
1140:
1128:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1049:
1037:
1030:Schober 2002
1025:
1014:. Retrieved
1004:
992:
817:
571:
565:
549:
542:
531:
523:
516:
513:
505:
497:Yutthitthira
495:
473:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
415:
411:
397:
384:
372:
366:
363:noble titles
360:
346:
338:
336:
328:
311:
302:
290:
284:
276:Sai Lue Thai
259:
258:
228:
220:
200:āļāļĢāļĄāđāļāļĢāđāļĨāļāļāļēāļ
191:
190:
60:King of Siam
40:
35:āļāļĢāļĄāđāļāļĢāđāļĨāļāļāļēāļ
2643:1488 deaths
2638:1431 births
2462:Chaofa Phon
2429:Chaofa Phon
2424:Chaofa Phet
2359:Phra Chetta
2167:(1767â1782)
1922:(1350â1767)
1849:(1238â1438)
1817: [
1805: [
1802:Phangkharat
1744:Phutthawong
1696:Chiraprapha
1687: [
1675: [
1663: [
1641: [
1638:Samfangkaen
1629: [
1617: [
1605: [
1593: [
1581: [
1569: [
1531: [
1521:Lao dynasty
854:12. (=10.)
740:10. (=12.)
540:, in 1461.
526:Sawankhalok
444:chao phraya
357:Feudal rank
325:Bureaucracy
299:Phitsanulok
74:Predecessor
18:Trailokanat
2632:Categories
2572:Wichaichan
2389:Phra Mahin
2021:(disputed)
1869:Ban Mueang
1831:Chaiyasiri
1787:(757â1188)
1660:Mueangkaeo
1650:Tilokkarat
1513:(638â1775)
1432:1474â1488
1400:1438â1448
1361:1438â1448
1333:1448â1488
1192:9747534584
1016:2015-05-06
984:References
545:Intharacha
519:Chiang Mai
508:Tilokkarat
435:āđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļāļąāļāļ§āļē
388:Chiang Mai
381:Royal rank
345:) and the
287:Borommapan
204:pronounced
134:Intharacha
2605:(Viceroy)
2481:(Viceroy)
1968:Thong Lan
1814:Thukkhita
1505:Ngoenyang
583:Samo Khae
581:Base) in
570:) as the
400:tributary
347:Mahatthai
84:Successor
69:1448â1488
2539:Viceroys
2346:Viceroys
2321:Viceroys
2200:Thailand
1942:Ramesuan
1879:Loe Thai
1252:(1967).
1174:BlogGang
1091:(2004).
593:Ancestry
438:) under
404:overlord
332:mandalas
245:Buddhist
213:Sanskrit
184:Buddhist
180:Religion
2567:Pinklao
2512:Viceroy
1739:Khamfan
1684:Saikham
1578:Saenphu
1561:Mangrai
1545:Mangrai
1540:Chueang
573:Uparaja
501:Phichit
440:Lopburi
414:). The
368:sakdina
339:Kalahom
320:Reforms
293:uparaja
221:Trailok
2595:Palace
2471:Palace
1729:Kawila
1706:Mekuti
1614:Kue Na
1590:Khamfu
1509:Lan Na
1404:Vacant
1365:Vacant
1304:
1273:
1238:
1217:
1190:
562:Legacy
552:cetiya
524:mueang
517:mueang
448:phraya
417:mueang
305:Mueang
249:Lan Na
170:Father
2013:Yotfa
1826:Phrom
1821:]
1809:]
1691:]
1679:]
1667:]
1645:]
1633:]
1621:]
1609:]
1602:Phayu
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