526:
1300:
2152:
1323:
2196:
2168:
1672:
2274:
2259:
2220:
1935:
2240:
1711:
1288:
557:
5859:
5870:
3268:
3255:
6158:
1138:
3245:
6148:
1505:
1454:
to them as particularly karmically fruitful. Lay devotees support and revere the saṅgha, of which they believe it will render them merit and bring them closer to enlightenment. At the same time, the
Buddhist monk is given a significant role in promoting and upholding faith among laypeople. Although
1459:
to deal with the wrongdoings of his monastics, he usually states that such behavior should be curbed, because it would not "persuade non-believers" and "believers will turn away". He expects monks, nuns and novices not only to lead the spiritual life for their own benefit, but also to uphold the
1241:. Taking refuge is a form of aspiration to lead a life with the Triple Gem at its core. In early Buddhist scriptures, taking refuge is an expression of determination to follow the Buddha's path, but not a relinquishing of responsibility. Refuge is common to all major schools of Buddhism.
1455:
many examples in the canon are mentioned of well-behaved monks, there are also cases of monks misbehaving. In such cases, the texts describe that the Buddha responds with great sensitivity to the perceptions of the lay community. When the Buddha sets out new rules in the
1460:
faith of the people. On the other hand, they are not to take the task of inspiring faith to the extent of hypocrisy or inappropriateness, for example, by taking on other professions apart from being a monastic, or by courting favours by giving items to the laypeople.
1619:
and tantras) and the realization of one’s self-knowing timeless awareness (including the views, states of meditative absorption, and so forth associated with stages such as those of development and completion); and the sangha is made up of
2195:
1729:
2167:
1848:
Lay followers often undertake five precepts in the same ceremony as they take the refuges. Monks administer the precepts to the laypeople, which creates an additional psychological effect. The five precepts are:
525:
1720:
1492:, particularly those of religions contemporary to the Buddha's time. There remains value for a degree of trusting confidence and belief in Buddhism, primarily in the spiritual attainment and salvation or
2376:
2374:
468:
2076:
as the symbol crowning a flag standard (2nd century BCE), as a symbol of the Buddha installed on the Buddha's throne (2nd century BCE), as the crowning decorative symbol on the later gates at the
2239:
3010:
1299:
2219:
1393:(heavenly beings). This often includes other Buddhas from the past, and Buddhas who have not yet arisen. Secondly, the taking of refuge honours the truth and efficacy of the Buddha's
1728:
4009:
6116:
3399:
2087:
The triratna can be further reinforced by being surmounted with three dharma wheels (one for each of the three jewels of
Buddhism: the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha).
2723:
2151:
2988:
1193:
refers to a religious practice which often includes a prayer or recitation performed at the beginning of the day or of a practice session. Its object is typically the
1572:. This is described as neither existence nor non-existence. It is non-conceptual reality as well as the reality of the path which consists of luminous and stainless
6194:
1822:
Except this there are various recitations mentioned in Pali literature for taking refuge in the Three Jewels. Brett Shults proposes that Pali texts may employ the
5152:
1691:
619:
1353:
expressed their faith through the act of taking refuge, which is threefold. These are the three supports or jewels in which a
Sutrayana Buddhist takes refuge:
5981:
3369:
6023:
3477:
277:
3234:
2998:
6337:
5907:
1387:
In this, it centres on the authority of a Buddha as a supremely awakened being, by assenting to a role for a Buddha as a teacher of both humans and
5744:
5196:
2831:
4928:
6072:
5399:
3379:
1628:, and other spiritually advanced beings (other than buddhas) whose nature is such that they are on the paths of learning and no more learning.
3150:
3058:
3035:
2902:
2810:
2768:
2745:
2717:
2690:
2667:
1656:. Finally, the Sangha jewel includes numerous beings that are not part of the monastic sangha proper, including high level bodhisattvas like
6121:
3562:
3404:
2974:
492:
487:
6357:
6187:
5739:
2264:
5636:
5186:
3281:
3212:
2860:
2787:
1168:
614:
571:
5729:
6126:
3482:
3142:
3080:
2921:
2879:
3625:
1520:
or non-Mahayana forms of
Buddhism. For example, the Buddha is usually explained through the Mahayana doctrine of the three bodies (
6092:
5414:
5159:
2258:
2158:
6077:
5806:
5796:
2273:
3164:
6180:
6151:
5751:
5404:
5206:
5097:
5042:
3615:
2701:
200:
1322:
6161:
6082:
5721:
5419:
5102:
3394:
3227:
1097:
792:
530:
6362:
6352:
5900:
5304:
5176:
5147:
4849:
3180:
2827:
1878:
1474:
traditions. In contrast to perceived
Western notions of faith, faith in Buddhism arises from accumulated experience and
1434:
1261:
1234:
1042:
817:
777:
4539:
1338:
6342:
5996:
5937:
4995:
4904:
4800:
4734:
4374:
4019:
3532:
3427:
6347:
6332:
6131:
6052:
5844:
5324:
4286:
3409:
3050:
2780:
The Buddha within : Tathagatagarbha doctrine according to the
Shentong interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga
2760:
2737:
2659:
3758:
727:
6327:
6045:
5734:
5547:
5537:
5409:
4392:
3972:
3733:
3708:
1493:
917:
4032:
872:
5991:
5839:
5191:
5005:
4983:
4976:
4879:
4412:
3848:
3793:
3414:
3220:
922:
5969:
5893:
5776:
5756:
5087:
5067:
4824:
4554:
4355:
4116:
3798:
3748:
1671:
1316:
1082:
862:
697:
6228:
6203:
5786:
5626:
5294:
5264:
5037:
4988:
4829:
4777:
4772:
4534:
4252:
4004:
3999:
1429:(the saṅgha), which is mostly defined as the monastic community, but may also include lay people and even
1346:
1245:
1161:
897:
882:
787:
782:
604:
6109:
5791:
5761:
5342:
5274:
5107:
5022:
5017:
4941:
4936:
4854:
3384:
3128:
1625:
1102:
1092:
1047:
4407:
2821:
2046:
403:
4924:
4064:
6057:
5947:
5814:
5781:
5766:
5654:
5284:
5181:
5127:
5012:
4951:
4919:
4914:
4899:
4884:
4874:
4839:
4752:
4444:
4367:
4269:
4138:
3940:
3678:
3670:
3610:
3359:
3326:
3276:
1529:
1422:
1112:
1072:
1067:
1032:
877:
757:
665:
650:
594:
566:
517:
307:
3595:
3522:
3206:
1934:
1517:
6306:
6280:
6223:
6006:
5621:
5500:
5334:
5309:
5299:
5259:
5236:
5119:
5092:
5052:
4971:
4961:
4889:
4816:
4247:
4104:
3885:
3863:
3815:
3635:
3435:
3291:
3271:
2651:
2109:
2108:
A number of examples of the triratna symbol appear on historical coins of
Buddhist kingdoms in the
1831:
1451:
1122:
1077:
1015:
955:
892:
837:
832:
587:
576:
501:
413:
293:
132:
5483:
2129:
328:
5986:
5684:
5589:
5431:
5394:
5389:
5319:
5269:
5216:
5211:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5062:
5047:
5032:
5027:
4966:
4946:
4909:
4834:
4639:
4340:
4142:
4084:
3925:
3825:
3753:
3728:
3374:
3027:
2647:
2062:
1649:
1268:
1107:
1087:
1027:
1022:
910:
805:
732:
722:
629:
3087:
2968:
3600:
6254:
5964:
5942:
5862:
5824:
5520:
5505:
5468:
5453:
5226:
5142:
5057:
4894:
4859:
4844:
4806:
4571:
4561:
4242:
4089:
4074:
3945:
3868:
3788:
3723:
3655:
3542:
3500:
3299:
3160:
3146:
3076:
3054:
3031:
2982:
2917:
2898:
2875:
2856:
2806:
2783:
2764:
2741:
2713:
2686:
2663:
2314:
2050:
2002:
1965:
1657:
1463:
1426:
1394:
1376:
1350:
1326:
1218:
1154:
1052:
1037:
842:
717:
660:
624:
609:
540:
427:
146:
4589:
1443:
in the Three
Refuges, because they were considered to still be on the path to enlightenment.
6264:
6097:
6040:
5510:
5463:
5458:
5314:
5279:
5254:
5249:
5000:
4956:
4869:
4544:
4200:
4193:
3977:
3967:
3853:
3517:
3389:
3116:
3107:
2202:
2081:
2058:
1884:
1287:
1272:
1117:
1062:
992:
982:
847:
461:
396:
380:
242:
214:
106:
90:
68:
4609:
3773:
3763:
3527:
1398:
707:
6218:
5874:
5819:
5771:
5699:
5569:
5367:
5347:
5289:
5201:
4864:
4762:
4345:
4328:
4313:
4291:
3843:
3713:
3547:
2682:
2113:
1869:
A layperson who upholds the precepts is described in the texts as a "jewel among laymen".
1645:
1389:
1142:
1057:
857:
767:
712:
444:
188:
6011:
4619:
4333:
3580:
3443:
2950:
6290:
6259:
6238:
5829:
5532:
5382:
5164:
4744:
4724:
4644:
4323:
4257:
4232:
4094:
3006:
2311: – Concept in Indian religions, signifying contemplation and spiritual cultivation
2137:
2042:
1994:
1675:
1545:
is without beginning, middle and end. The Buddha is peace. The Buddha is uncompounded (
1447:
1362:
1358:
1308:
1002:
932:
887:
827:
745:
228:
172:
4757:
4057:
4047:
3185:
2932:
1653:
762:
6321:
6104:
6001:
5599:
5448:
4659:
4517:
4318:
4296:
3903:
3698:
3693:
3585:
3419:
3254:
2802:
2226:
2133:
1947:
1843:
1817: For the third time, I take refuge in the Sangha.
1798: For the second time, I take refuge in the Sangha.
1792: For the second time, I take refuge in the Dharma.
1786: For the second time, I take refuge in the Buddha.
1588:
1577:
1554:
1414:
1402:
1334:
1330:
1312:
1304:
1276:
1206:
967:
822:
772:
480:
268:
5644:
4549:
4427:
3783:
3778:
2296:
1811: For the third time, I take refuge in the Dharma.
1805: For the third time, I take refuge in the Buddha.
5957:
5689:
5674:
5594:
5584:
5426:
5221:
4714:
4215:
4210:
4037:
3908:
3244:
3120:
3019:
2709:
2206:
2013:
1990:
1480:
867:
752:
670:
556:
4472:
4457:
4417:
3354:
2855:, The Precious Treasury of Philosophical Systems (Drupta Dzöd), Padma Publishing,
1425:
to liberation. The taking of refuge ends with the acceptance of worthiness of the
2872:
In the
Presence of Masters: Wisdom from 30 Contemporary Tibetan Buddhist Teachers
1903:), the 'Inner' is the Three Roots and the 'Secret' form is the 'Three Bodies' or
1727:
1632:
Thus, for
Mahayana Buddhism, the Buddha jewel includes innumerable Buddhas (like
5976:
5659:
5649:
5488:
4629:
4614:
4397:
4205:
4133:
3913:
3743:
3645:
3492:
3364:
2182:
2125:
1633:
1621:
1573:
1558:
1439:
1380:
937:
5869:
3803:
3190:
3139:
Monks and Magic: Revisiting a Classic Study of Religious Ceremonies in Thailand
508:
6233:
6036:
5952:
5920:
5916:
5885:
5604:
5562:
5438:
5244:
5169:
4783:
4767:
4729:
4709:
4624:
4604:
4579:
4487:
4422:
4402:
4148:
4079:
3950:
3833:
3738:
3688:
3620:
3346:
3336:
3309:
2848:
1915:
1908:
1744:
1637:
1608:
1600:
1542:
1456:
942:
702:
599:
3918:
529:
Veneration of the Three Jewels, Chorasan, Gandhara, 2nd century AD, schist –
451:
434:
6032:
5579:
5552:
4719:
4594:
4306:
4222:
4099:
3989:
3962:
3955:
3875:
3838:
3605:
3570:
3537:
3512:
3467:
2853:
A Treatise Elucidating the Meaning of the Entire Range of Buddhist Teachings
2628:
2326:
2320:
2178:
2174:
2092:
1923:
1919:
1665:
1661:
1641:
1489:
1485:
1467:
1257:
1249:
987:
962:
6016:
5352:
4188:
4042:
3808:
3590:
3459:
3451:
1899:
forms of the Three Jewels. The 'Outer' form is the 'Triple Gem', (Sanskrit:
158:
4114:
2916:, Current Perspectives in Buddhism, vol. 3, Cyber Tech Publications,
2112:. For example, the triratna appears on the first century BCE coins of the
1977:
1970:
1959:
1952:
1137:
352:
344:
6301:
6172:
5932:
5709:
5664:
5609:
5574:
5478:
5137:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4684:
4669:
4649:
4584:
4502:
4492:
4467:
4462:
4362:
4123:
3994:
3982:
3893:
3630:
3552:
3249:
3196:
3047:
Buddhist monastic life: according to the texts of the Theravāda tradition
2302:
2210:
1983:
1827:
1823:
1687:
1683:
1513:
1471:
1292:
1253:
1182:
997:
977:
972:
852:
548:
336:
254:
40:
2249:, incorporating on the reverse the Buddhist triratna symbol on top of a
1914:
These alternative refuge formulations are employed by those undertaking
17:
6296:
6285:
6028:
5614:
5557:
5542:
4689:
4679:
4654:
4529:
4524:
4482:
4452:
4384:
4350:
4301:
4237:
4178:
4173:
4069:
4027:
3930:
3768:
3718:
3505:
3331:
2894:
2308:
2290:
2246:
2230:
2038:
2034:
2027:
1904:
1679:
1612:
1569:
1521:
1516:
Buddhism, the three jewels are understood in a different sense than in
677:
2041:, with three branches, representing the threefold jewels of Buddhism:
1644:), not just Sakyamuni Buddha. Likewise, the Dharma jewel includes the
1504:
204:
6087:
5694:
5679:
5515:
5377:
5357:
5132:
4794:
4674:
4664:
4599:
4227:
4183:
4168:
4158:
4128:
4109:
4052:
3935:
3703:
3575:
3319:
3314:
2186:
2117:
2097:
2073:
2069:
1998:
1986:
1695:
1584:
1565:
1475:
1410:
1369:
1238:
1230:
692:
687:
682:
645:
118:
2782:, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pp. 186–190,
2435:
2433:
1329:
and his followers, holding begging bowls, receive offerings. In the
2323: – Ritual of offering incense accompanied by tea and/or fruits
1615:; the dharma encompasses scriptural transmission (contained in the
1337:
is given a significant role in promoting and upholding faith among
6067:
6062:
5834:
5669:
5527:
5493:
5473:
5443:
5372:
4789:
4634:
4512:
4507:
4477:
4432:
4279:
4274:
4153:
3858:
3683:
3650:
3640:
3013:
from the original on 23 December 2017 – via Encyclopedia.com
2734:
An Introduction to Buddhist Ethics: Foundations, Values and Issues
2250:
2121:
2077:
2020:
1933:
1690:
symbol flanked on either side by a deer. Statue on display at the
1670:
1616:
1503:
1321:
1298:
1286:
927:
282:
3201:
3129:
Refuge : An Introduction to the Buddha, Dhamma, & Sangha
3022:(2013), "Love and Devotion in Buddhism", in Werner, Karel (ed.),
5704:
4497:
4163:
3660:
1779: I take refuge in the Sangha.
1772: I take refuge in the Dharma.
1765: I take refuge in the Buddha.
1753:
364:
54:
6176:
5889:
3216:
3105:
Kohn, Livia (1994), "The Five Precepts of the Venerable Lord",
2361:
2359:
5362:
3898:
2933:"On the Buddha's Use of Some Brahmanical Motifs in Pali Texts"
2420:
2418:
1938:
Triratna symbol consisting of Trisula, Vajra, and Dharmacakra.
2757:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices
2329: – Abode of a buddha or bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism
2225:
Triratna symbol on the reverse (left field) of a coin of the
1686:
with his right hand turning the Dharmachakra, resting on the
1466:
in the three jewels is an important teaching element in both
1709:
1595:) as well as the supreme qualities that make them a refuge.
1496:. Faith in Buddhism centres on belief in the Three Jewels.
3166:
Refuge: An Introduction to the Buddha, Dhamma & Sangha
1383:
order of Buddhism that practices and preserves the Dharma.
1648:
and (for certain sects of Mahayana) may also include the
1576:
that removes all defilement. It is also equated with the
1557:. The Buddha is self-enlightened and self arisen wisdom (
1256:
schools only take refuge in the Triple Gem. However, the
1484:, the Buddha explicitly argues against simply following
1260:
school includes an expanded refuge formula known as the
2462:
2460:
3133:
Thanissaro Bhikkhu : Third edition, revised, 2001
3024:
Love Divine Studies in Bhakti and Devotional Mysticism
1275:
went through a ceremony called "the Three Refuges and
466:
2526:
2305: – Type of meditational and devotional practices
1537:), the true meaning of the triple gem is as follows:
6273:
6247:
6211:
5805:
5720:
5635:
5333:
5235:
5118:
4815:
4743:
4570:
4443:
4383:
4018:
3884:
3824:
3669:
3561:
3491:
3345:
3290:
3075:"ガンダーラ美術の見方" (The art of Gandhara), Yamada Kihito,
2393:
2391:
2389:
500:
479:
460:
443:
426:
412:
395:
379:
363:
335:
324:
317:
292:
267:
241:
227:
213:
187:
171:
145:
131:
105:
89:
67:
53:
39:
32:
2970:Kalama Sutta: The Buddha's Charter of Free Inquiry
2889:Robinson, Richard H.; Johnson, Willard L. (1997),
2080:in Sanchi (2nd century CE), or, very often on the
1561:), compassion and power for the benefit of others.
3049:, translated by Claude Grangier; Steven Collins,
2937:Journal of the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies
2061:, the Triratna is usually also surmounted by the
2891:The Buddhist religion: a historical introduction
2132:of the first century CE and on the coins of the
1678:delivering his first sermon in the deer park at
1372:, the Buddhist teachings expounded by the Buddha
1361:, the fully enlightened one (i.e. the figure of
506:
418:
298:
137:
2679:Environmental Philosophy and Ethics in Buddhism
2365:
1826:motif of a group of three refuges, as found in
1758:
2914:Buddhism Today: Issues & Global Dimensions
1692:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya
432:
341:
162:
151:
45:
6188:
5901:
3228:
2801:, Encyclopedia of World Religions, New York:
1162:
401:
385:
258:
247:
219:
122:
111:
95:
80:
73:
8:
4010:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
2987:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2823:Buddhist Ceremonies and Rituals of Sri Lanka
2478:
2439:
2201:The Triratna or "Three Jewels" symbol, on a
1587:refers to those beings who realize the true
1427:community of spiritually developed followers
449:
193:
2424:
2380:
2317: – Basic framework of Buddhist thought
233:
177:
6195:
6181:
6173:
5908:
5894:
5886:
3235:
3221:
3213:
1527:According to the Mahayana treatise titled
1169:
1155:
535:
485:
369:
273:
59:
2299: – Supernormal knowledge in Buddhism
1887:there are three refuge formulations, the
1599:According to the Tibetan Buddhist master
2610:
1607:According to the Mahayana approach, the
1397:, which includes the characteristics of
524:
5197:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
3186:Another triratna on Buddha's footprint.
3086:Chodron, Ven. Thubten (June 18, 2012),
2574:
2514:
2343:
2205:(bottom symbol, the top symbol being a
2147:
547:
6157:
5400:List of Buddhist architecture in China
2980:
2826:, The Wheel Series, Kandy, Sri Lanka:
2598:
2586:
2550:
2490:
2466:
2451:
2120:. It also surmounts the depictions of
1922:practices within the Tibetan Buddhist
1742:
1446:Early texts describe the saṅgha as a "
314:
29:
2726:from the original on 23 December 2017
2502:
2409:
2350:
1568:is described as the reality which is
1508:A Mahayana illustration of 35 Buddhas
7:
6147:
2977:from the original on 4 February 2013
2562:
2538:
2084:(starting from the 1st century CE).
2008:The Triratna symbol is composed of:
1989:, thought to visually represent the
1735:Recitation in Pali for taking refuge
420:triratna, tiga permata, tiga mestika
3088:"Long refuge and precepts ceremony"
2999:"Festivals and Calendrical Rituals"
2949:Sperry, Rod Meade (June 11, 2021),
2397:
2090:The triratna symbol is also called
1814:Tatiyampi Sanghaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1808:Tatiyampi Dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1802:Tatiyampi Buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1795:Dutiyampi Sanghaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1789:Dutiyampi Dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1783:Dutiyampi Buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
5187:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2874:, Boston: Shambhala Publications,
2834:from the original on 28 March 2013
1591:and the "full extent of what is" (
1450:", because early Buddhists regard
620:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
615:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
6127:Gautama Buddha in world religions
3143:Nordic Institute of Asian Studies
2527:Longchen Rabjam & Barron 2007
1437:. Early Buddhism did not include
6156:
6146:
5868:
5858:
5857:
5415:Thai temple art and architecture
5160:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
3400:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3266:
3253:
3243:
2973:, Buddhist Publication Society,
2656:Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
2272:
2257:
2238:
2218:
2194:
2166:
2150:
1743:Problems playing this file? See
1725:
1435:nearly or completely enlightened
1136:
555:
6338:Buddhist philosophical concepts
3267:
2842:– via Accesstoinsight.org
2704:, in Buswell, Robert E. (ed.),
2293: – Burmese Buddhist prayer
2173:The compound Buddhist symbols:
1535:Analysis of the Jeweled Lineage
27:Initiation ceremony in Buddhism
5405:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5207:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4287:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
3478:Places where the Buddha stayed
3121:10.1080/02549948.1994.11731253
2870:Ray, Reginald A., ed. (2004),
2820:Kariyawasam, A. G. S. (1995),
283:
259:
1:
5420:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
3202:Vajrayana refuge prayer audio
2997:Walters, Jonathan S. (2004),
2951:"What Are the Five Precepts?"
2893:(4th ed.), Belmont, CA:
2185:wheel, on the Torana gate at
2140:, also of the first century.
2068:The Triratna can be found on
1865:not indulging in intoxicants.
1862:not engaging in false speech;
1830:9.97.47, Rig Veda 6.46.9 and
531:Ethnological Museum of Berlin
331:, three treasures, triple gem
284:sarana, thi phueng thi raluek
5177:Buddhism and the Roman world
5153:Decline of Buddhism in India
5148:History of Buddhism in India
3248: Topics in
3137:Terwiel, Barend Jan (2012),
2828:Buddhist Publication Society
2677:De Silva, Padmasiri (2016),
2245:2nd century BCE coin of the
1879:Three Jewels and Three Roots
1752:The most used recitation in
1262:Three Jewels and Three Roots
818:Buddhist Paths to liberation
4375:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4115:
3045:Wijayaratna, Mohan (1990),
2708:, Macmillan Reference USA,
2366:Robinson & Johnson 1997
1978:
1971:
1960:
1953:
1589:luminous nature of the mind
353:
345:
205:
163:
123:
81:
6379:
6358:Tibetan Buddhist practices
5325:The unanswerable questions
3207:What are the Three Jewels?
3051:Cambridge University Press
2931:Shults, Brett (May 2014),
2912:Sakya, Madhusudan (2011),
2851:; Barron, Richard (2007),
2761:Cambridge University Press
2759:(2nd ed.), New York:
2738:Cambridge University Press
2660:Princeton University Press
2279:Symbol of the Three Jewels
2136:, such as those coined by
2057:On representations of the
1876:
1841:
6142:
5928:
5853:
5410:Buddhist temples in Korea
3973:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3876:Three planes of existence
3483:Buddha in world religions
3262:
3197:A Buddhist View on Refuge
2967:Thera, Soma, tr. (2013),
2797:Irons, Edward A. (2008),
1969:
1951:
1776:Sanghaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1769:Dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1762:Buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
516:
486:
467:
450:
433:
402:
386:
342:
306:
274:
234:
220:
194:
178:
152:
112:
96:
74:
46:
6073:Physical characteristics
5192:Persecution of Buddhists
4413:Four stages of awakening
3794:Three marks of existence
3380:Physical characteristics
3003:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2799:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2706:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2700:Getz, Daniel A. (2004),
2479:Buswell & Lopez 2013
2440:Buswell & Lopez 2013
5970:ten principal disciples
4555:Ten principal disciples
3438:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3181:Buddhapada and Triratna
2778:Hookham, S. K. (1991),
2124:, on some the coins of
2096:, or "bull's hoof", by
2059:footprint of the Buddha
2016:flower within a circle.
1611:is the totality of the
1317:Cleveland Museum of Art
838:Philosophical reasoning
275:สรณะ, ที่พึ่ง ที่ระลึก
139:perlindungan, pelindung
5265:Buddhism and democracy
4778:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4773:Chinese Buddhist canon
4005:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4000:Early Buddhist schools
2755:Harvey, Peter (2013),
2732:Harvey, Peter (2000),
2648:Buswell, Robert E. Jr.
2161:, 185–168 BCE (detail)
1939:
1820:
1714:
1699:
1630:
1509:
1418:
1406:
1342:
1319:
1296:
1279:" to become Buddhist.
605:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
533:
507:
493:รัตนตรัย (rattanatrai)
419:
370:
299:
248:
138:
60:
5275:Eight Consciousnesses
3385:Life of Buddha in art
2633:The Pluralism Project
2629:"The Three Treasures"
1937:
1713:
1674:
1605:
1507:
1325:
1302:
1295:(triple jewel) symbol
1290:
873:Aids to Enlightenment
698:Dependent Origination
528:
235:saranam / saran சரணம்
5948:Noble Eightfold Path
5752:East Asian religions
5182:Buddhism in the West
4753:Early Buddhist texts
4368:Four Right Exertions
3834:Ten spiritual realms
3327:Noble Eightfold Path
3193:at StudyBuddhism.com
2652:Lopez, Donald S. Jr.
2635:, Harvard University
1626:masters of awareness
1549:), and spontaneous (
1500:In Mahayana Buddhism
1423:Noble Eightfold Path
1345:Since the period of
1244:Since the period of
843:Devotional practices
666:Noble Eightfold Path
518:Glossary of Buddhism
308:Glossary of Buddhism
6363:Vajrayana practices
6353:Statements of faith
6007:Mahapajapati Gotami
5875:Religion portal
5622:Temple of the Tooth
5501:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
4540:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4033:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
3816:Two truths doctrine
3636:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3436:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2517:, pp. 186–190.
2481:, Paramatthasaṅgha.
2209:). 1st century CE,
2110:Indian subcontinent
1873:Refuge in Vajrayana
1832:Chandogya Upanishad
1197:(also known as the
1143:Buddhism portal
1016:Buddhism by country
778:Sanskrit literature
6343:Buddhist practices
5987:Great Renunciation
5982:Eight Great Events
5797:Western philosophy
5395:Dzong architecture
5217:Vipassana movement
5212:Buddhist modernism
4640:Emperor Wen of Sui
4408:Pratyekabuddhayāna
4341:Threefold Training
4143:Vipassana movement
3859:Hungry Ghost realm
3679:Avidyā (Ignorance)
3626:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
3375:Great Renunciation
3370:Eight Great Events
3252:
3161:Thanissaro Bhikkhu
3092:ThubtenChodron.org
3028:Taylor and Francis
2019:A diamond rod, or
1940:
1721:Recitation in Pali
1715:
1703:Recitation in Pali
1700:
1510:
1433:provided they are
1395:spiritual doctrine
1343:
1320:
1303:Triratna Pendant,
1297:
1269:Henry Steel Olcott
630:Buddhist modernism
534:
488:ไตรรัตน์ (trairat)
6348:Faith in Buddhism
6333:Buddhist devotion
6315:
6314:
6170:
6169:
5943:Four Noble Truths
5883:
5882:
5521:Om mani padme hum
5227:Women in Buddhism
5143:Buddhist councils
5013:Western countries
4801:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
4562:Shaolin Monastery
4139:Samatha-vipassanā
3749:Pratītyasamutpāda
3553:Metteyya/Maitreya
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3300:Four Noble Truths
3152:978-87-7694-101-7
3060:978-0-521-36428-7
3037:978-1-136-77461-4
2904:978-0-534-20718-2
2812:978-0-8160-5459-6
2770:978-0-521-85942-4
2747:978-0-511-07584-1
2719:978-0-02-865720-2
2692:978-1-349-26772-9
2669:978-0-691-15786-3
2658:, Princeton, NJ:
2427:, pp. 130–1.
2315:Four Noble Truths
2189:. 1st century BCE
1993:of Buddhism (the
1859:not misusing sex;
1730:
1593:yavad bhavikataya
1530:Ratnagotravibhāga
1327:Shakyamuni Buddha
1229:), which are the
1179:
1178:
661:Four Noble Truths
523:
522:
473:(dkon mchog gsum)
313:
312:
281:
16:(Redirected from
6370:
6328:Buddhist symbols
6265:Bodhisattva vows
6197:
6190:
6183:
6174:
6160:
6159:
6150:
6149:
6046:pilgrimage sites
6041:Mahabodhi Temple
5910:
5903:
5896:
5887:
5873:
5872:
5861:
5860:
5700:Sacred languages
5548:Maya Devi Temple
5511:Mahabodhi Temple
5315:Secular Buddhism
5280:Engaged Buddhism
4120:
3968:Tibetan Buddhism
3919:Vietnamese Thiền
3518:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
3469:
3461:
3453:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3421:
3270:
3269:
3257:
3247:
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3169:
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3108:Monumenta Serica
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2455:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2428:
2425:Wijayaratna 1990
2422:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2384:
2381:Kariyawasam 1995
2378:
2369:
2363:
2354:
2348:
2276:
2267:Triratna symbols
2261:
2242:
2233:(r.c. 35–12 BCE)
2222:
2203:Buddha footprint
2198:
2170:
2154:
2116:in the northern
2082:Buddha footprint
1981:
1975:
1974:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1885:Tibetan Buddhism
1732:
1731:
1712:
1650:Buddhist tantras
1409:) such as their
1363:Sakyamuni Buddha
1291:A Tibetan style
1273:Helena Blavatsky
1171:
1164:
1157:
1141:
1140:
868:Sublime abidings
559:
536:
512:
496:
495:
475:
474:
456:
455:
439:
438:
422:
408:
407:
391:
390:
389:(jadanà θóuɴ bá)
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348:
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288:
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49:
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30:
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6318:
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6138:
5924:
5914:
5884:
5879:
5867:
5849:
5801:
5716:
5631:
5368:Ordination hall
5329:
5231:
5202:Buddhist crisis
5114:
4811:
4763:Mahayana sutras
4739:
4735:Thích Nhất Hạnh
4566:
4439:
4379:
4329:Bodhisattva vow
4014:
3880:
3820:
3779:Taṇhā (Craving)
3714:Five hindrances
3665:
3557:
3487:
3341:
3286:
3258:
3241:
3209:at Tricycle.org
3177:
3159:
3153:
3136:
3104:
3096:
3094:
3085:
3072:
3070:Further reading
3067:
3061:
3044:
3038:
3026:, Hoboken, NJ:
3018:
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2957:
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2888:
2882:
2869:
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2849:Longchen Rabjam
2847:
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2819:
2813:
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2777:
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2720:
2699:
2693:
2683:Springer Nature
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2114:Kuninda Kingdom
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1930:Triratna symbol
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1705:
1658:Avalokiteshvara
1652:, not just the
1646:Mahayana sutras
1502:
1285:
1252:and mainstream
1175:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1018:
1008:
1007:
958:
948:
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913:
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902:
808:
798:
797:
768:Mahayana Sutras
748:
738:
737:
678:Five Aggregates
656:
655:
635:
634:
625:Later Buddhists
590:
491:
472:
388:
372:
350:
319:
318:Translations of
252:
198:
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156:
116:
98:
78:
34:
33:Translations of
28:
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12:
11:
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5984:
5979:
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5972:
5962:
5961:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5938:Core teachings
5935:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5921:Gautama Buddha
5915:
5913:
5912:
5905:
5898:
5890:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5865:
5854:
5851:
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5436:
5435:
5434:
5432:Greco-Buddhist
5424:
5423:
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5417:
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5407:
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5386:
5385:
5383:Burmese pagoda
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5165:Greco-Buddhism
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5098:United Kingdom
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5043:Czech Republic
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4837:
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4827:
4821:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4807:Abhidharmadīpa
4804:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4749:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4725:B. R. Ambedkar
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4645:Songtsen Gampo
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
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4380:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4324:Eight precepts
4321:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4240:
4235:
4230:
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4213:
4203:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4112:
4102:
4097:
4095:Five Strengths
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
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3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3734:Mental factors
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
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3598:
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3586:Mahamoggallāna
3583:
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3501:Avalokiteśvara
3497:
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3259:
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3225:
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3211:
3210:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3188:
3183:
3176:
3175:External links
3173:
3172:
3171:
3157:
3151:
3134:
3125:
3115:(1): 171–215,
3102:
3083:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3059:
3042:
3036:
3016:
3007:The Gale Group
2994:
2964:
2946:
2928:
2922:
2909:
2903:
2886:
2880:
2867:
2862:978-1881847441
2861:
2845:
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2794:
2789:978-0791403587
2788:
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2668:
2644:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2603:
2591:
2579:
2567:
2565:, p. 673.
2555:
2553:, p. 119.
2543:
2531:
2519:
2507:
2495:
2483:
2471:
2469:, p. 246.
2456:
2454:, p. 245.
2444:
2429:
2414:
2412:, p. 244.
2402:
2385:
2370:
2355:
2353:, p. 403.
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2157:Triratna on a
2156:
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2138:Vima Kadphises
2105:
2102:
2072:sculptures at
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2024:
2017:
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1928:
1877:Main article:
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1842:Main article:
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1759:
1740:
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1707:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1676:Gautama Buddha
1597:
1596:
1581:
1562:
1501:
1498:
1448:field of merit
1385:
1384:
1373:
1366:
1347:Early Buddhism
1309:Madhya Pradesh
1284:
1281:
1246:Early Buddhism
1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1166:
1159:
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933:Pratyekabuddha
930:
925:
920:
914:
909:
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
895:
890:
888:Buddhist chant
885:
880:
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865:
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790:
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749:
746:Buddhist texts
744:
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730:
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720:
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710:
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469:དཀོན་མཆོག་གསུམ
464:
458:
457:
447:
441:
440:
437:(sambō, sampō)
430:
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6248:Precepts/Vows
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6107:
6106:
6105:Buddha in art
6103:
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5640:
5638:
5637:Miscellaneous
5634:
5628:
5627:Vegetarianism
5625:
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5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5449:Buddha in art
5447:
5445:
5442:
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5437:
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5134:
5131:
5129:
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5123:
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5109:
5106:
5104:
5103:United States
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4908:
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4708:
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4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:Padmasambhava
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
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4608:
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4603:
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4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4573:
4572:Major figures
4569:
4563:
4560:
4556:
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4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
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4528:
4526:
4523:
4519:
4518:Western tulku
4516:
4515:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
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4390:
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4382:
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4373:
4369:
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4365:
4364:
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4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4319:Five precepts
4317:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4297:Dhamma vicaya
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
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4214:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4065:Buddhābhiṣeka
4063:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3709:Enlightenment
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3699:Dhamma theory
3697:
3695:
3694:Buddha-nature
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3533:Samantabhadra
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3103:
3093:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3081:4-89806-106-0
3078:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3020:Werner, Karel
3017:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2984:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2965:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2923:9788178847337
2919:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2887:
2883:
2881:1-57062-849-1
2877:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2804:
2803:Facts on File
2800:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2634:
2630:
2627:Anon (2020),
2625:
2624:
2619:
2613:, p. 63.
2612:
2611:De Silva 2016
2607:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2592:
2589:, p. 80.
2588:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2532:
2529:, p. 66.
2528:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2496:
2493:, p. 39.
2492:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2445:
2442:, Kuladūșaka.
2441:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2403:
2400:, p. 60.
2399:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2368:, p. 43.
2367:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2227:Indo-Scythian
2221:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2134:Kushan Empire
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:ananda-chakra
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1980:
1973:
1967:
1962:
1955:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1872:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1856:not stealing;
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1844:Five precepts
1837:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1722:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1506:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1494:enlightenment
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1457:monastic code
1453:
1449:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1336:
1335:Buddhist monk
1332:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1314:
1313:Shunga Period
1310:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1289:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1277:Five Precepts
1274:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1203:Three Refuges
1200:
1196:
1192:
1191:taking refuge
1188:
1184:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
957:
952:
951:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
915:
912:
907:
906:
899:
898:Vegetarianism
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
853:Recollections
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
823:Five precepts
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
810:
807:
802:
801:
794:
791:
789:
788:Chinese canon
786:
784:
783:Tibetan canon
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
747:
742:
741:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
672:
669:
668:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
639:
638:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
589:
584:
583:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
564:
563:
562:
558:
554:
553:
550:
546:
542:
538:
537:
532:
527:
519:
515:
511:
510:
505:
503:
499:
494:
489:
484:
482:
478:
470:
465:
463:
459:
453:
448:
446:
442:
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
415:
411:
406:, 三寶 (sānbǎo)
405:
400:
398:
394:
384:
382:
378:
374:
368:
366:
362:
355:
347:
340:
338:
334:
330:
327:
323:
316:
309:
305:
301:
297:
295:
291:
279:
272:
270:
266:
256:
250:
246:
244:
240:
232:
230:
226:
218:
216:
212:
207:
202:
192:
190:
186:
176:
174:
170:
165:
160:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
134:
130:
125:
120:
110:
108:
104:
94:
92:
88:
83:
72:
70:
66:
62:
58:
56:
52:
44:
42:
38:
31:
19:
6204:Lay Buddhist
5815:Bodhisattvas
5735:Christianity
5730:Baháʼí Faith
5595:Dharmachakra
5585:Prayer wheel
5575:Prayer beads
5343:Architecture
5222:969 Movement
5006:Saudi Arabia
4984:Central Asia
4977:South Africa
4799:
4782:
4715:Panchen Lama
4620:Buddhapālita
4264:
4216:Satipatthana
4211:Mindful Yoga
4124:Recollection
4038:Brahmavihara
3909:Japanese Zen
3904:Chinese Chan
3864:Animal realm
3671:Key concepts
3493:Bodhisattvas
3305:Three Jewels
3304:
3165:
3138:
3127:
3112:
3106:
3095:, retrieved
3091:
3046:
3023:
3002:
2969:
2958:, retrieved
2954:
2940:
2936:
2913:
2890:
2871:
2852:
2836:, retrieved
2822:
2798:
2779:
2756:
2733:
2710:Thomson Gale
2705:
2678:
2655:
2637:, retrieved
2632:
2606:
2594:
2582:
2575:Walters 2004
2570:
2558:
2546:
2534:
2522:
2515:Hookham 1991
2510:
2498:
2486:
2474:
2447:
2405:
2346:
2207:dharmachakra
2130:Indo-Kingdom
2107:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2067:
2063:Dhamma wheel
2056:
2007:
1991:Three Jewels
1961:ratana-ttaya
1943:
1941:
1913:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1868:
1853:not killing;
1847:
1821:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1760:
1751:
1631:
1622:bodhisattvas
1606:
1598:
1592:
1550:
1546:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1511:
1481:Kalama Sutra
1479:
1462:
1445:
1440:bodhisattvas
1438:
1430:
1411:impermanence
1388:
1386:
1344:
1266:
1243:
1226:
1222:
1215:ratana-ttaya
1214:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1195:Three Jewels
1194:
1190:
1186:
1180:
848:Merit making
813:Three Jewels
812:
753:Buddhavacana
683:Impermanence
671:Dharma wheel
329:three jewels
320:three jewels
47:शरण (śaraṇa)
6117:Iconography
6110:life in art
5977:Four sights
5660:Dharma talk
5489:Asalha Puja
5285:Eschatology
5088:Switzerland
5068:New Zealand
4996:Middle East
4905:Philippines
4825:Afghanistan
4630:Bodhidharma
4615:Buddhaghosa
4535:Householder
4445:Monasticism
4398:Bodhisattva
4253:Prostration
4206:Mindfulness
4134:Anapanasati
4117:Kammaṭṭhāna
3914:Korean Seon
3854:Asura realm
3849:Human realm
3789:Ten Fetters
3744:Parinirvana
3646:Uppalavanna
3611:Mahākaccana
3596:Mahākassapa
3528:Kṣitigarbha
3523:Ākāśagarbha
3420:Suddhodāna
3365:Four sights
3292:Foundations
2955:Lion's Roar
2620:Works cited
2599:Sperry 2021
2587:Harvey 2000
2551:Shults 2014
2491:Werner 2013
2467:Harvey 2013
2452:Harvey 2013
2383:, p. .
2183:Dharmacakra
2159:Taxila coin
2126:Abdagases I
1979:ratna-traya
1926:tradition.
1824:Brahmanical
1613:three kayas
1518:Sravakayana
1421:), and the
1227:ratna-traya
1083:New Zealand
938:Bodhisattva
923:Four Stages
878:Monasticism
858:Mindfulness
828:Perfections
758:Early Texts
387:ရတနာသုံးပါး
373:ratanattaya
354:ratna-traya
221:සරණ(saraṇa)
6322:Categories
6307:Pilgrimage
6281:Meditation
6260:8 Precepts
6255:5 Precepts
6212:Devotional
6037:Bodhi Tree
6002:Śuddhodana
5953:Middle Way
5917:The Buddha
5777:Psychology
5757:Gnosticism
5745:Comparison
5740:Influences
5722:Comparison
5605:Bhavacakra
5563:Kushinagar
5538:Pilgrimage
5484:Māgha Pūjā
5439:Bodhi Tree
5255:Buddhology
5245:Abhidharma
5237:Philosophy
5170:Menander I
5038:Costa Rica
4989:Uzbekistan
4830:Bangladesh
4784:Dhammapada
4768:Pali Canon
4730:Ajahn Chah
4710:Dalai Lama
4610:Kumārajīva
4605:Vasubandhu
4580:The Buddha
4488:Zen master
4423:Sakadagami
4403:Buddhahood
4334:Pratimokṣa
4149:Shikantaza
4105:Meditation
4080:Deity yoga
3951:Madhyamaka
3844:Deva realm
3739:Mindstream
3689:Bodhicitta
3601:Aṅgulimāla
3468:Devadatta
3444:Yaśodharā
3347:The Buddha
3337:Middle Way
3097:2022-12-03
2960:2022-12-08
2838:23 October
2702:"Precepts"
2639:2022-12-08
2503:Thera 2013
2410:Sakya 2011
2351:Irons 2008
2334:References
1918:and other
1916:deity yoga
1834:2.22.3-4.
1745:media help
1668:and so on.
1638:Vajradhara
1601:Longchenpa
1578:dharmakaya
1555:Dharmakaya
1399:phenomenon
1331:Pāli Canon
1237:, and the
1199:Triple Gem
956:Traditions
893:Pilgrimage
833:Meditation
793:Post-canon
773:Pāli Canon
703:Middle Way
600:The Buddha
502:Vietnamese
414:Indonesian
351:रत्नत्रय (
343:त्रिरत्न (
294:Vietnamese
133:Indonesian
6297:Monastics
6234:3 Refuges
6224:Offerings
6206:Practices
6162:Wikiquote
6098:footprint
6033:Bodh Gaya
6012:Yaśodharā
5965:Disciples
5845:Festivals
5825:Buddhists
5787:Theosophy
5590:Symbolism
5580:Hama yumi
5553:Bodh Gaya
5320:Socialism
5295:Evolution
5270:Economics
5108:Venezuela
5023:Australia
5018:Argentina
4942:Sri Lanka
4937:Singapore
4855:Indonesia
4817:Countries
4758:Tripiṭaka
4720:Ajahn Mun
4595:Nagarjuna
4590:Aśvaghoṣa
4473:Anagārika
4468:Śrāmaṇerī
4463:Śrāmaṇera
4458:Bhikkhunī
4418:Sotāpanna
4307:Passaddhi
4248:Offerings
4223:Nekkhamma
4100:Iddhipada
4020:Practices
3990:Theravada
3963:Vajrayana
3956:Yogachara
3926:Pure Land
3839:Six Paths
3826:Cosmology
3606:Anuruddha
3581:Sāriputta
3571:Kaundinya
3563:Disciples
3538:Vajrapāṇi
3390:Footprint
3355:Tathāgata
2943:: 106–140
2563:Getz 2004
2539:Anon 2020
2339:Citations
2327:Pure land
2321:Jingxiang
2265:Amaravati
2181:, over a
2179:triratana
2177:within a
2175:Shrivatsa
2093:nandipada
1972:tri-ratna
1954:ti-ratana
1924:Vajrayana
1666:Manjushri
1662:Vajrapani
1642:Vairocana
1570:cessation
1547:asamskrta
1490:tradition
1486:authority
1478:. In the
1476:reasoning
1468:Theravada
1452:offerings
1339:laypeople
1267:In 1880,
1258:Vajrayana
1250:Theravada
1223:tri-ratna
1211:ti-ratana
1103:Sri Lanka
1093:Singapore
1048:Indonesia
988:Vajrayāna
963:Theravāda
918:Awakening
806:Practices
763:Tripiṭaka
733:Cosmology
708:Emptiness
688:Suffering
371:tiratana,
181:(saranak)
99:(tharana)
6302:Uposatha
6295:Support
6239:Chanting
6132:Hinduism
6068:Prophecy
6058:Birthday
6053:Miracles
5933:Buddhism
5863:Category
5792:Violence
5762:Hinduism
5710:Sanskrit
5665:Hinayana
5650:Amitābha
5610:Swastika
5479:Uposatha
5469:Holidays
5454:Calendar
5300:Humanism
5138:Kanishka
5128:Timeline
4952:Thailand
4920:Kalmykia
4915:Buryatia
4900:Pakistan
4885:Mongolia
4880:Maldives
4875:Malaysia
4840:Cambodia
4705:Shamarpa
4700:Nichiren
4650:Xuanzang
4585:Nagasena
4503:Rinpoche
4233:Pāramitā
4075:Devotion
3995:Navayana
3983:Dzogchen
3946:Nichiren
3894:Mahayana
3886:Branches
3764:Saṅkhāra
3513:Mañjuśrī
3470:(cousin)
3462:(cousin)
3430:(mother)
3422:(father)
3410:Miracles
3360:Birthday
3277:Glossary
3250:Buddhism
3163:(2012),
3011:archived
2983:citation
2975:archived
2832:archived
2724:archived
2654:(2013),
2398:Ray 2004
2303:Anussati
2285:See also
2247:Kunindas
2211:Gandhara
2049:and the
1984:Buddhist
1966:Sanskrit
1944:Triratna
1901:triratna
1838:Precepts
1828:Rig Veda
1688:Triratna
1684:Varanasi
1654:Tipitaka
1634:Amitabha
1551:anabhoga
1514:Mahayana
1472:Mahayana
1407:saṅkhāra
1381:monastic
1351:devotees
1293:Triratna
1283:Overview
1254:Mahayana
1219:Sanskrit
1183:Buddhism
1113:Thailand
1073:Mongolia
1068:Malaysia
1033:Cambodia
998:Navayana
978:Hinayana
973:Mahāyāna
883:Lay life
713:Morality
693:Not-self
651:Concepts
610:Councils
595:Timeline
567:Glossary
549:Buddhism
541:a series
539:Part of
428:Japanese
346:triratna
337:Sanskrit
255:Baybayin
147:Japanese
41:Sanskrit
18:Triratna
6152:Commons
6029:Lumbini
5958:Sayings
5840:Temples
5820:Buddhas
5782:Science
5772:Judaism
5767:Jainism
5685:Lineage
5645:Abhijñā
5615:Thangka
5558:Sarnath
5543:Lumbini
5464:Funeral
5459:Cuisine
5335:Culture
5310:Reality
5260:Creator
5250:Atomism
5120:History
5093:Ukraine
5053:Germany
4972:Senegal
4962:Vietnam
4890:Myanmar
4690:Shinran
4680:Karmapa
4655:Shandao
4625:Dignāga
4550:Śrāvaka
4530:Donchee
4525:Kappiya
4483:Sayadaw
4453:Bhikkhu
4428:Anāgāmi
4385:Nirvana
4351:Samadhi
4238:Paritta
4179:Tonglen
4174:Mandala
4129:Smarana
4110:Mantras
4058:Upekkha
4028:Bhavana
3978:Shingon
3931:Tiantai
3784:Tathātā
3774:Śūnyatā
3769:Skandha
3759:Saṃsāra
3754:Rebirth
3729:Kleshas
3719:Indriya
3621:Subhūti
3506:Guanyin
3460:Ānanda
3452:Rāhula
3332:Nirvana
3272:Outline
2895:Cengage
2309:Bhāvanā
2297:Abhijñā
2291:Awgatha
2231:Azes II
2144:Gallery
2128:of the
2039:trisula
2035:trident
1982:) is a
1920:tantric
1905:trikaya
1680:Sarnath
1522:trikaya
1123:Vietnam
1078:Myanmar
993:Tibetan
983:Chinese
911:Nirvāṇa
728:Saṃsāra
723:Rebirth
588:History
577:Outline
509:tam bảo
462:Tibetan
454:(sambo)
397:Chinese
381:Burmese
325:English
280::
249:salanam
243:Tagalog
215:Sinhala
107:Chinese
91:Burmese
69:Bengali
6286:Giving
6088:Cetiya
6083:Relics
6024:Places
6017:Rāhula
5992:Family
5835:Sutras
5830:Suttas
5695:Siddhi
5680:Koliya
5655:Brahmā
5570:Poetry
5516:Mantra
5506:Kasaya
5378:Pagoda
5358:Kyaung
5353:Vihāra
5348:Temple
5290:Ethics
5133:Ashoka
5083:Sweden
5078:Poland
5073:Norway
5063:Mexico
5048:France
5033:Canada
5028:Brazil
4967:Africa
4947:Taiwan
4910:Russia
4835:Bhutan
4795:Vinaya
4675:Naropa
4665:Saraha
4600:Asanga
4356:Prajñā
4265:Refuge
4228:Nianfo
4189:Tertön
4184:Tantra
4169:Ganana
4159:Tukdam
4085:Dhyāna
4053:Mudita
4048:Karuṇā
3941:Risshū
3936:Huayan
3869:Naraka
3809:Anattā
3804:Dukkha
3799:Anicca
3704:Dharma
3656:Channa
3591:Ānanda
3576:Assaji
3543:Skanda
3446:(wife)
3415:Family
3395:Relics
3320:Sangha
3315:Dharma
3310:Buddha
3191:Refuge
3149:
3079:
3057:
3034:
2920:
2901:
2878:
2859:
2809:
2786:
2767:
2744:
2716:
2689:
2666:
2187:Sanchi
2122:stupas
2118:Punjab
2098:Hindus
2074:Sanchi
2070:frieze
2051:Sangha
2047:Dhamma
2045:, the
2043:Buddha
2003:Sangha
2001:, the
1999:Dhamma
1997:, the
1995:Buddha
1987:symbol
1909:Buddha
1897:Secret
1895:, and
1696:Mumbai
1617:sutras
1609:buddha
1585:Sangha
1566:Dharma
1543:Buddha
1419:anicca
1379:, the
1377:Sangha
1370:Dharma
1359:Buddha
1333:, the
1248:, all
1239:Sangha
1235:Dharma
1233:, the
1231:Buddha
1187:refuge
1108:Taiwan
1088:Russia
1028:Brazil
1023:Bhutan
943:Buddha
863:Wisdom
646:Dharma
445:Korean
260:ᜐᜀᜎᜀᜈᜀ
189:Korean
159:Rōmaji
119:Pinyin
82:shôrôn
61:saraṇa
35:refuge
6291:Study
6274:Other
6122:Films
6093:tooth
6078:Death
6063:Modak
5807:Lists
5675:Kalpa
5670:Iddhi
5533:Music
5528:Mudra
5494:Vassa
5474:Vesak
5444:Budai
5390:Candi
5373:Stupa
5305:Logic
5058:Italy
4957:Tibet
4895:Nepal
4865:Korea
4860:Japan
4850:India
4845:China
4790:Sutra
4745:Texts
4695:Dōgen
4685:Hōnen
4670:Atiśa
4635:Zhiyi
4545:Achar
4513:Tulku
4508:Geshe
4493:Rōshi
4478:Ajahn
4433:Arhat
4393:Bodhi
4363:Vīrya
4280:Sacca
4275:Satya
4270:Sādhu
4258:Music
4201:Merit
4194:Terma
4154:Zazen
4090:Faith
4043:Mettā
3724:Karma
3684:Bardo
3651:Asita
3641:Khema
3631:Upāli
3616:Nanda
3454:(son)
3428:Māyā
3405:Films
3282:Index
2251:stupa
2229:king
2104:Coins
2078:stupa
2037:, or
2021:vajra
2014:lotus
1907:of a
1893:Inner
1889:Outer
1574:jñana
1559:jñana
1464:Faith
1431:devās
1390:devās
1305:Uttar
1118:Tibet
1058:Korea
1053:Japan
1043:India
1038:China
1003:Newar
928:Arhat
718:Karma
572:Index
300:quy y
229:Tamil
206:gwiui
173:Khmer
124:guīyī
6229:Bows
6219:Puja
5997:Maya
5705:Pāḷi
5690:Māra
5600:Flag
5001:Iran
4925:Tuva
4870:Laos
4498:Lama
4346:Śīla
4314:Śīla
4302:Pīti
4292:Sati
4243:Puja
4164:Koan
4070:Dāna
3661:Yasa
3548:Tārā
3147:ISBN
3077:ISBN
3055:ISBN
3032:ISBN
2989:link
2918:ISBN
2899:ISBN
2876:ISBN
2857:ISBN
2840:2007
2807:ISBN
2784:ISBN
2765:ISBN
2742:ISBN
2714:ISBN
2687:ISBN
2664:ISBN
1948:Pali
1942:The
1754:Pali
1640:and
1583:The
1564:The
1541:The
1470:and
1415:Pali
1403:Pali
1375:The
1368:The
1357:The
1271:and
1207:Pali
1063:Laos
968:Pāli
481:Thai
365:Pali
278:RTGS
269:Thai
179:សរណៈ
55:Pali
5427:Art
5363:Wat
3899:Zen
3117:doi
2026:An
2005:).
1976:or
1958:or
1883:In
1694:in
1524:).
1512:In
1488:or
1307:or
1225:or
1213:or
1201:or
1189:or
1181:In
164:kie
97:သရဏ
75:শরন
6324::
6039:,
6035:,
6031:,
4929:ru
3145:,
3141:,
3113:42
3111:,
3090:,
3053:,
3030:,
3009:,
3005:,
3001:,
2985:}}
2981:{{
2953:,
2939:,
2935:,
2897:,
2830:,
2805:,
2763:,
2740:,
2736:,
2722:,
2712:,
2685:,
2681:,
2662:,
2650:;
2631:,
2459:^
2432:^
2417:^
2388:^
2373:^
2358:^
2100:.
2065:.
2033:A
2012:A
1968::
1964:;
1950::
1911:.
1891:,
1756::
1682:,
1664:,
1660:,
1636:,
1624:,
1603::
1553:)
1417::
1405::
1349:,
1315:,
1311:,
1264:.
1221::
1217:;
1209::
1205:,
1185:,
1098:US
543:on
471:,
452:삼보
435:三宝
404:三宝
349:),
257::
203::
201:RR
195:귀의
161::
153:帰依
121::
113:皈依
6196:e
6189:t
6182:v
5923:)
5919:(
5909:e
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5895:v
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4145:)
4141:(
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3170:.
3156:.
3131:.
3124:.
3119::
3101:.
3064:.
3041:.
3015:.
2993:.
2991:)
2945:.
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2927:.
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2816:.
2793:.
2774:.
2751:.
2728:.
2696:.
2673:.
2643:.
2601:.
2577:.
2541:.
2505:.
2213:.
2053:.
2030:.
2023:.
1946:(
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