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293:", or "cell tropism"; in which case tropism refers to the way in which different viruses/pathogens have evolved to preferentially target specific host species, specific tissue, or specific cell types within those species. In English, the word
413:; in plants, the root cap senses differences in water moisture in the soil, and signals cellular changes that cause the root to curve towards the area of higher moisture
563:"The Rice COLEOPTILE PHOTOTROPISM1 Gene Encoding an Ortholog of Arabidopsis NPH3 Is Required for Phototropism of Coleoptiles and Lateral Translocation of Auxin(W)"
297:
is also used to indicate an action done without cognitive thought: However, "tropism" in this sense has a proper, although non-scientific, meaning as an
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Tropisms can be distinguished according to the orientation with respect to the direction of the stimulus. They can commonly be either
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394:: the diurnal motion or seasonal motion of plant parts in response to the direction of the Sun, (e.g. the
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Cassab, Gladys I.; Eapen, Delfeena; Campos, María
Eugenia (2013-01-01). "Root hydrotropism: An update".
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This article is about physical movement in organisms. For infection specificity of pathogens, see
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Example of gravitropism in the remains of a cellar of a Roman villa in the
Archeologic Park in
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Tropisms occur in three sequential steps. First, there is a sensation to a stimulus. Next,
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Exotropism: continuation of growth "outward," i.e. in the previously established direction
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Haga, Ken; Takano, Makoto; Neumann, Ralf; Iino, Moritoshi (January 1, 2005).
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Selenotropism: motion of plant parts in response to the direction of the Moon
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is a movement to the light source, and an anemotropism is the response and
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Hygrotropism: movement or growth in response to moisture or humidity
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Directed growth of an organism in response to environmental stimuli
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Traumatotropism: orientation deviation after suffering a wounding
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occurs. And finally, the directional growth response occurs.
538:"Anemotropism: Plants Response & Adaptation To Wind"
350:: the growth of plants towards or away from a source of
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275: 'a turn, way, manner, style, etc.' and
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According to the type of stimulus, tropisms can be:
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433:: movement or growth in response to magnetic fields
64:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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178:indicating the growth or turning movement of an
321:, and can be contrasted with tropisms that are
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614:"Plant tropisms - Plant and animal hormones"
452:Skototropism: negative phototropism of vines
427:: muscular contraction in response to drugs
285:and other pathogens affect what is called "
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124:Learn how and when to remove this message
359:: the movement or growth in response to
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866:"Selenotropism definition and meaning"
416:Prohydrotropism: positive hydrotropism
281:) is also used in unrelated contexts.
401:Apheliotropism: negative heliotropism
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472:: movement or growth in response to
463:: movement or growth in response to
449:Aphototropism: negative phototropism
439:: movement or growth in response to
409:: movement or growth in response to
62:adding citations to reliable sources
325:(perpendicular to the stimulus) or
162:, a fungus, exhibiting phototropism
536:Taki, Tarek Siddiki (2023-09-30).
386:Apogeotropism: negative geotropism
317:(away from it). Both of these are
186:, in response to an environmental
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522:The Power of Movement in Plants
49:needs additional citations for
692:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
1:
927:The dictionary definition of
254:The term "tropism" (from
228:(non-directional response).
212:Tropisms can be regarded by
222:(directional response) or
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824:American Journal of Botany
313:(towards the stimulus) or
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648:Oxford English Dictionary
519:Darwin, Charles (1900).
653:Oxford University Press
329:(at an oblique angle).
202:of plants to the wind.
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27:. For the novel, see
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495:Rapid plant movement
58:improve this article
836:10.3732/ajb.1200306
687:"Tropism | biology"
651:(Online ed.).
233:Cholodny–Went model
207:signal transduction
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871:Collins Dictionary
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1040:Phototropism
1035:Heliotropism
1030:Hydrotropism
1025:Gravitropism
1020:Chemotropism
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830:(1): 14–24.
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437:Phototropism
407:Hydrotropism
392:Heliotropism
378:Gravitropism
357:Chemotropism
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327:plagiotropic
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182:, usually a
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56:Please help
51:verification
48:
21:Host tropism
1079:Thigmonasty
999:Changes in
525:. Appleton.
465:temperature
348:Aerotropism
341:Baia, Italy
319:orthotropic
214:ethologists
1074:Nyctinasty
670:required.)
567:Plant Cell
547:2023-09-30
506:References
490:Chemotaxis
476:or contact
425:Inotropism
200:adaptation
176:phenomenon
159:Phycomyces
84:newspapers
844:0002-9122
396:sunflower
361:chemicals
323:diatropic
140:Daisies (
73:"Tropism"
1094:Category
1011:Tropisms
904:24 April
877:24 April
852:23258371
807:22 April
780:22 April
753:22 April
726:22 April
625:22 April
597:15598797
484:See also
315:negative
311:positive
188:stimulus
180:organism
29:Tropisms
1100:Tropism
943:Tropism
930:tropism
382:gravity
295:tropism
283:Viruses
249:hormone
225:kinesis
172:tropism
168:biology
98:scholar
995:growth
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699:2 July
695:. 2003
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588:544493
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441:lights
270:trópos
263:τρόπος
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987:Means
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474:touch
411:water
305:Types
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245:auxin
219:taxis
184:plant
174:is a
105:JSTOR
91:books
906:2022
879:2022
848:PMID
840:ISSN
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782:2022
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728:2022
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593:PMID
352:wind
289:", "
278:-ism
231:The
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