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chaos, still world of winter and spring teeming with life. Each of these images is imbued with specific meaning. Tyutchev's idea of night, for example, was defined by critics as "the poetic image often covering economically and simply the vast notions of time and space as they affect man in his struggle through life". In the chaotic and fathomless world of "night", "winter", or "north" man feels himself tragically abandoned and lonely. Hence, a modernist sense of frightening anxiety permeates his poetry. Unsurprisingly, it was not until the late 19th and early 20th century that
Tyutchev was rediscovered and hailed as a great poet by the
427:. He found his new place of residence uncongenial to his disposition and after marrying Ernestine, he resigned from his position there to settle in Munich. It was later discovered that Tyutchev had actually abandoned his post as chargé d'affaires in Turin without official permission to marry in Switzerland, and he was dismissed from the Foreign Service as a result. He continued to live in Germany for five more years without position before returning to Russia. Upon his eventual return to
414:, a literary journal edited by Pushkin. Although appreciated by the great Russian poet, the superb lyrics failed to spark off any public interest. The death of Eleonore in 1838 hit Tyutchev hard and appears to have silenced him as a poet for some considerable time, and for ten years afterwards, he wrote hardly any lyric verse. Instead, he turned his attention to publishing political articles in Western periodicals such as the
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settling in Russia in 1844, he would sometimes spend short periods on the family estate at Ovstug. Tours undertaken in a private capacity took him to many parts of continental Europe, including Italy, France, Germany, Austria and
Switzerland. He was particularly drawn to the Swiss lakes and mountains. Many of his best poems were inspired by such journeys.
394:, who had become his mistress and had a child by him while Eleonore was still alive. Neither of his wives understood Russian to begin with (Ernestine made efforts to learn the language only much later). That is hardly surprising since Tyutchev spoke French better than Russian and nearly all his private correspondence was in the former language.
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345:), long accepted on dubious evidence as addressed to Amélie, is now thought much more likely to refer to Tyutchev's sister-in-law Clotilde (or Klothilde) von Bothmer. Tyutchev's last meeting with Amélie took place on March 31, 1873 (OS) when she visited him on his deathbed. The next day, Tyutchev wrote to his daughter
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in 1864; they had three children. The affair produced a body of lyrics rightly considered among the finest love poems in the language. Permeated with a sublime feeling of subdued despair, the so-called "Denisyeva Cycle" has been variously described by critics as "a novel in verse", "a human document,
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The 200 or so lyric pieces which represent the core of his poetic genius, whether describing a scene of nature or passions of love, put a premium on metaphysics. Tyutchev's world is bipolar -- he commonly operates with such categories as night and day, north and south, dream and reality, cosmos and
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Tyutchev loved to travel, often volunteering for diplomatic courier missions as a way of combining business with pleasure. One of his lengthiest and most significant missions was to newly independent Greece in the autumn of 1833. During his years abroad there were visits home on leave, and after
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Yesterday I felt a moment of burning emotion due to my meeting with... my dear Amalie Krüdener who wished to see me for the last time in this world and came to take her leave of me. In her person my past and the best years of my life came to give me a farewell kiss.
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337:), in January 1825. Amélie was coerced by her relatives into marrying the much older Krüdener, but she and Tyutchev continued to be friends and frequented the same diplomatic society in Munich. A late poem of 1870 with the title
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439:'s circle at the Russian court. Not long after his return to Russia, Tyutchev was reinstated in government service as a censor, rising eventually to become Chairman of the Foreign Censorship Committee and a Privy Councillor.
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In the early 1870s, the deaths of his brother, son and daughter left
Tyutchev deeply depressed. (Depression was something from which he suffered at intervals throughout his life.) Following a series of strokes, he died in
620:. Both in his work as a censor and in his writings, he promoted the ideal of freedom of expression, frequently incurring the wrath of his superiors as a result, even under the more relaxed regime of Alexander II.
895:'s 1910 tone poem, "Silence", may have been borrowed from Tyutchev, the inspiration is credited to one of Edgar Allan Poe's tales. The same poem was also set to music by the 20th-century Russian composer,
739:. As one Russian critic put it, "the temporal epochs of human life, its past and its present fluctuate and vacillate in equal measure: the unstoppable current of time erodes the outline of the present."
283:, published when he was still 15. From that time on, his poetic language was distinguished from that of Pushkin and other contemporaries by its liberal use of majestic, solemn Slavonic archaisms.
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454:, when listing Russian poets in 1850, praised Tyutchev as one of the most talented among "minor poets". It was only in 1854 that his first volume of verse was printed, which was prepared by
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911:(born 1937), has made a memorable setting of 'Last Love', recorded by Alexi Lubimov and Jana Ivanilova on the album 'Stufen'. Tyutchev had an affinity with themes of the night and
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wooed her, "almost prepared to marry her impassively, without love, but she received me with studied coldness", as he remarked in a diary. Kitty would later become influential at
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Published extracts from the letters and diaries of
Maximilian von Lerchenfeld illuminate the first years of Tyutchev as a diplomat in Munich (1822–1826), giving details of his
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Most of his childhood years were spent in Moscow, where he joined the literary circle of
Professor Merzlyakov at the age of 13. His first printed work was a translation of
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His fairly sizeable output of verse on political subjects is largely forgotten. One exception is a short poem which has become something of a popular maxim in Russia:
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As a poet, Tyutchev was little known during his lifetime. His 400 or so short poems were the only pieces he ever wrote in
Russian. Tyutchev regarded his poems as
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In Munich, he came under the influence of the German
Romantic movement, and this is reflected in his poetry. Among the figures, he knew personally were the poet
264:, he managed to reveal traitors and return alive thanks to his diplomatic skills. Fyodor's mother Countess Ekaterina Lvovna Tolstaya (1776—1866) belonged to the
290:, a minor poet and translator under whose guidance Tyutchev undertook his first poetic steps. From 1819 to 1821 Tyutchev studied at the Philological Faculty of
321:) coincides with one of their meetings, and is most likely dedicated to Amalie (or Amélie, as she was usually known). Among other poems inspired by her are
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who served in the
Kremlin Expedition that managed all building and restoration works of Moscow palaces. One of Ivan's sisters, Princess Yevdokia Nikolaevna
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In 1836, a young former colleague at the Munich legation, Prince Ivan
Gagarin, obtained Tyutchev's permission to publish his selected poems in
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shattering in the force of its emotion", and "a few songs without comparison in
Russian, perhaps even in world poetry". One of the poems,
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famous for founding the Borisoglebsky Anosin Women's Monastery. The Tyutchevs traced their roots to Zakhariy Tutchev mentioned in
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is an archetypal poem by Tyutchev. Written in 1830, it is remarkable for its rhythm crafted so as to make reading in
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in 1844, the poet was much lionised in the highest society. His daughter Kitty caused a sensation, and the novelist
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Recording of The Night Sea by Cochran/Tyutchev, soprano - Magdalena Lucjan, piano - Andrzej Wierciński
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to take up a post as trainee diplomat at the Russian legation. He was to remain abroad for 22 years.
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Dmitry Fedorovich Tyutchev (1841-1870) married Olga Aleksandrovna Melnikova (1830-1913), had issue.
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on her father's side and the Rimsky-Korsakov noble house on her mother's side. Russian war general
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1429:Последняя любовь Тютчева (Елена Александровна Денисьева). М.: Изд-во Сабашниковых, 1928. С. 30—34.
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by All-Russian Armorials of Noble Houses of the Russian Empire. Part 2, June 30, 1798 (in Russian)
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by All-Russian Armorials of Noble Houses of the Russian Empire. Part 6, June 23, 1801 (in Russian)
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Maria Fedorovna Tyutcheva (1840-1873) married Nikolai Alekseevich Birilev (1829-1882), had issue.
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On domestic matters, he held broadly liberal views. He warmly welcomed most of the reforms of
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692:, translations and political poems constitute about a half of his overall poetical output.
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Ivan Fedorovich Tyutchev (1846-1909) married Olga Petrovna Putyata (1840-1920), had issue.
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1016:. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev's Biography. — Moscow: AO Book and Business, p. 172-173
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love affair for Amélie, nearly involving a duel (probably with his colleague, Baron
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Children by his mistress of 14 years Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva (1826-1864) are:
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Philology in Runet. A special search through the works devoted to F. I. Tyutchev.
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English translations of 6 poems by Babette Deutsch and Avrahm Yarmolinsky, 1921
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outlining his strongly held views on Russia's role in the world (see below).
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In 1837, Tyutchev was transferred from Munich to the Russian legation in
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1526:"Sheet music for Night Scenes (soprano and piano) by Cochran/Tyutchev"
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I.V. Petrova; K.V. Pigarev; D.S. Merezhkovsky. Quoted in John Dewey,
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1269:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Эрнестина Дёрнберг (Пфеффель)"
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Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
1245:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Екатерина Федоровна Тютчева"
899:(1925-1996), in his 1974 cantata "Signs of the Zodiac". Composer
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Incidentally, this poem inspired an early-20th-century composer,
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widow of a Russian diplomat, secretary of the Russian mission in
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Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class
1917:
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Tyutchev: Privy Councilor and Chamberlain. M., Young Guard, 2013
1173:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Элеонора Петерсон (Ботмер)"
688:
Tyutchev is one of the most memorized and quoted Russian poets.
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Literaturnoe nasledstvo. Issue 97: Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev,
1649:
1317:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Дмитрий Федорович Тютчев"
1293:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Мария Федоровна Тютчева"
1221:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Дарья Федоровна Тютчева"
1392:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Федор Федорович Тютчев"
1197:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Анна Федоровна Тютчева"
883:
piano sonata (#7) of 1911. There is a well-known setting by
609:
made him look critically at the Russian government as well.
1341:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Иван Федорович Тютчев"
585:. Her father was a Bavarian Ambassador in Paris and London.
1092:
1071:
The Battle of Kulikovo Refought: “The First National Feat”
1038:. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev. — Moscow: Russkiy mir, p. 17
236:). His father Ivan Nikolaevich Tyutchev (1768—1846) was a
212:
July 15] 1873) was a Russian poet and diplomat.
1442:
The Complete Poems of Tyutchev In An English Translation
1368:"Генеалогическое древо Ф.И. Тютчева: Николай Федорович"
1568:
Mirror of the Soul: A Life of the Poet Fyodor Tyutchev
1160:
Mirror of the Soul. A Life of the Poet Fyodor Tyutchev
1057:
at the official Anosin Monastery website (in Russian)
208:
November 23] 1803 – July 27 [
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474:, is often cited as emblematic of the whole cycle.
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4208:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)
4203:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
915:set two of Tyutchev's poems related to the night,
30:"Tiutchev" redirects here. For the racehorse, see
903:(1888-1958) set Tyutchev’s text to music in her
625:
4198:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
4108:People from Zhukovsky District, Bryansk Oblast
1362:
1360:
1162:, Shaftesbury (Brimstone Press), 2010, p. 325.
256:that described him as the most trusted man of
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1459:International Encyclopedia of Women Composers
970:
458:and others without any help from the author.
8:
4168:19th-century writers from the Russian Empire
731:. Like so many of his poems, its images are
561:Children by his mistress Hortense Lapp are:
1097:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
525:(1835-1882), maid of honour, never married.
4173:19th-century poets from the Russian Empire
2875:
2008:
1672:
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70:
59:
1630:English translations of 5 miniature poems
1149:, 6 vols., Moscow, 2002-2005. VI, p. 416.
1006:
1004:
519:(1834-1903) maid of honor, never married.
461:In 1850, he began an illicit affair with
1589:English translations of all of his poems
1031:
1029:
948:List of 19th-century Russian Slavophiles
791:Dimmed is the fountainhead when stirred:
576:
224:family in the Ovstug family estate near
1620:The ancestors Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev
1000:
959:
933:, a character recites a Tyutchev poem.
923:, for soprano and piano. At the end of
811:drowned in the noise of day, unheard...
805:the magic of veiled thoughts that might
762:the way you dream, the things you feel.
557:Nikolai Fedorovich Tyutchev (1864-1865)
484:Novodevichy Monastery in St. Petersburg
814:take in their song and speak no word.
794:drink at the source and speak no word.
486:. Ernestine survived him by 21 years.
401:The manor of Tyutchev's father in the
4019:Romanticism and the French Revolution
871:(the setting of the poem in the song
771:that set before the night is blurred:
628:Who would grasp Russia with the mind?
554:Fedor Fedorovich Tyutchev (1860-1916)
551:Elena Fedorovna Tyutcheva (1851-1865)
252:, a 15th-century epic tale about the
201:[ˈfʲɵdərɨˈvanəvʲɪtɕˈtʲʉtːɕɪf]
199:
7:
1147:Polnoe sobranie sochineniy i pis'ma
1132:Nikolayev, A.A., 'Zagadka "K.B."',
802:within your soul a world has grown,
788:A thought, once uttered, is untrue.
319:Liubliu, druz'ya, laskat' ochami...
1599:English translations of some poems
1528:. Robert Bremner Publishing. 2022.
785:Will he discern what quickens you?
782:How should another know your mind?
774:delight in them and speak no word.
759:Speak not, lie hidden, and conceal
230:Zhukovsky District, Bryansk Oblast
25:
1595: (archived February 27, 2008)
765:Deep in your spirit let them rise
631:For her no yardstick was created:
581:Tyutchev's second wife, Baroness
4118:Nobility from the Russian Empire
4072:
4071:
1642:
779:How can a heart expression find?
4123:Diplomats of the Russian Empire
1545:Fyodor Tyutchev, Selected Poems
343:Ia vstretil vas — i vsio biloe
305:In Munich he fell in love with
4183:Moscow State University alumni
808:be blinded by the outer light,
768:akin to stars in crystal skies
634:Her soul is of a special kind,
565:Nikolai Lapp-Mikhailov (-1877)
531:Baroness Ernestine von Pfeffel
1:
4042:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
799:Live in your inner self alone
523:Ekaterina Fedorovna Tyutcheva
496:Countess Eleonora von Bothmer
250:The Tale of the Rout of Mamai
39:Eastern Slavic naming customs
1121:Rimsky-Korsakov coat of arms
637:By faith alone appreciated.
529:Children by his second wife
494:Children by his first wife,
482:in 1873 and was interred at
1641:(public domain audiobooks)
1136:, 1988, No. 2, pp. 190-196.
907:. The Ukrainian composer,
618:Emancipation Reform of 1861
4224:
4113:People from Bryansky Uyezd
3959:Coleridge's theory of life
1508:Lucjan, Magdalena (2023).
658:(translated by John Dewey)
37:In this name that follows
36:
29:
4163:19th-century male writers
4051:
4014:Romanticism and economics
2029:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
971:
727:easier than aloud toward
517:Daria Fedorovna Tyutcheva
327:Ia pomniu vremia zolotoe…
270:Alexander Rimsky-Korsakov
260:; sent as a messenger to
220:Tyutchev was born into a
192:
185:Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev
89:Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev
69:
4178:19th-century translators
1794:German historical school
1635:Works by Fyodor Tyutchev
1456:Cohen, Aaron I. (1987).
1067:Kati M.J. Parppei (2017)
1055:History. Founding Mother
972:Ѳедоръ Ивановичъ Тютчевъ
589:Tyutchev was a militant
503:Anna Fedorovna Tyutcheva
437:Konstantin Pobedonostsev
27:Russian poet (1803–1873)
2441:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
509:and memoirist, married
204:; December 5 [
193:Фёдор Ива́нович Тю́тчев
115:27 July 1873 (aged 69)
76:Tyutchev as painted by
4158:19th-century diplomats
4024:Romanticism in science
3979:Middle Ages in history
3974:List of Romantic poets
2686:Josiah Gilbert Holland
967:Pre-Reform orthography
755:
681:
586:
405:
388:Ernestine von Dörnberg
366:. In 1826, he married
356:
335:Alexander von Krüdener
307:Amalie von Lerchenfeld
166:Nikolai Lapp-Mikhailov
3994:Romantic epistemology
3984:Opium and Romanticism
2553:Stojadinović-Srpkinja
1779:Counter-Enlightenment
1462:. Books / Music USA.
1109:Tyutchev coat of arms
1036:Gennady Chagin (2004)
891:. While the title of
749:
583:Ernestine von Pfeffel
580:
568:Dmitry Lapp (-c.1877)
417:Revue des Deux Mondes
400:
351:
286:His family tutor was
133:Ernestine von Pfeffel
4143:Russian male writers
4058:Age of Enlightenment
1700:England (literature)
1565:Dewey, John (2010),
1484:"Valentin Sylvesrov"
1073:. — Leiden, Boston:
362:and the philosopher
78:Stepan Alexandrovsky
4009:Romantic psychology
1804:Hudson River School
1748:Sweden (literature)
1733:Russia (literature)
1571:, Brimstone Press,
909:Valentyn Sylvestrov
887:of Tyutchev's poem
616:, particularly the
370:, née Countess von
364:Friedrich Schelling
244:(1774—1837), was a
151:Ekaterina Tyutcheva
4138:Russian male poets
1994:White Mountain art
1935:Historical fiction
1743:Spain (literature)
1607:Web-site about him
893:Nikolai Myaskovsky
863:In Classical Music
756:
698:Russian Symbolists
587:
406:
254:Battle of Kulikovo
4085:
4084:
3999:Romantic medicine
3969:List of romantics
3408:
3407:
3059:Felix Mendelssohn
3054:Fanny Mendelssohn
2865:
2864:
2579:Rosalía de Castro
2517:Soares dos Passos
1865:Transcendentalism
1829:Nazarene movement
1789:Düsseldorf School
1578:978-1-906385-23-1
1555:978-1-906385-43-9
1469:978-0-9617485-1-7
1439:Jude, F. (2000).
1095:article from the
897:Boris Tchaikovsky
735:and pulsing with
702:Vladimir Solovyov
690:Occasional pieces
614:Tsar Alexander II
498:are (1800-1838):
368:Eleonore Peterson
296:Ostermann-Tolstoy
292:Moscow University
182:
181:
129:Eleonore Peterson
101:Oryol Governorate
16:(Redirected from
4215:
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889:Spring Waters
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456:Ivan Turgenev
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429:St Petersburg
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242:Meshcherskaya
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222:Russian noble
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190:
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158:Ivan Tyutchev
152:
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52:
49: and the
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4040:
3760:Porto-Alegre
3414:Philosophers
3298:Rachmaninoff
2747:Chavchavadze
2737:Baratashvili
2639:
2497:João de Deus
2466:Wincenty Pol
2258:Küchelbecker
1986:
1952:Noble savage
1939:
1905:
1880:Wallenrodism
1857:
1843:
1774:Coppet group
1708:(literature)
1617:(in Russian)
1604:(in Russian)
1567:
1544:
1520:
1510:
1503:
1491:. Retrieved
1487:
1478:
1458:
1451:
1441:
1434:
1427:Чулков Г. И.
1426:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:
1386:
1375:. Retrieved
1371:
1348:. Retrieved
1344:
1335:
1324:. Retrieved
1320:
1311:
1300:. Retrieved
1296:
1287:
1276:. Retrieved
1272:
1263:
1252:. Retrieved
1248:
1239:
1228:. Retrieved
1224:
1215:
1204:. Retrieved
1200:
1191:
1180:. Retrieved
1176:
1167:
1159:
1154:
1146:
1141:
1133:
1128:
1116:
1104:
1099:(in Russian)
1088:
1066:
1062:
1050:
1035:
1012:Ivan Aksakov
1010:
988:
962:
929:
920:
916:
904:
888:
880:
872:
866:
750:Portrait by
741:
720:
719:
694:
687:
622:
611:
588:
560:
546:
528:
511:Ivan Aksakov
505:(1829-1889)
493:
476:
471:
467:tuberculosis
460:
447:
445:
441:
422:
415:
409:
407:
357:
352:
342:
338:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
304:
288:Semyon Raich
285:
274:
249:
228:(modern-day
219:
184:
183:
95:Ovstug near
54:
46:
4128:Slavophiles
4103:1873 deaths
4098:1803 births
3750:Michałowski
3582:Wackenroder
3547:F. Schlegel
3542:A. Schlegel
3318:Tchaikovsky
3207:Bortkiewicz
3079:R. Schumann
3074:C. Schumann
3039:Kalkbrenner
3008:Saint-Saëns
2313:Anne Brontë
2198:Eichendorff
2183:B. v. Arnim
2178:A. v. Arnim
1988:Weltschmerz
1947:Medievalism
1896:Blue flower
1824:Nationalist
1769:Bohemianism
1681:Romanticism
943:Afanasy Fet
885:Rakhmaninov
835:(trans. by
706:Andrey Bely
607:Crimean War
591:Pan-Slavist
433:Leo Tolstoy
411:Sovremennik
168:Dmitry Lapp
51:family name
4092:Categories
3625:Chassériau
3600:Aivazovsky
3308:Rubinstein
3293:Mussorgsky
3242:Wieniawski
3227:Paderewski
3069:Moszkowski
2852:Vörösmarty
2842:Shevchenko
2696:Longfellow
2620:Batyushkov
2615:Baratynsky
2584:Espronceda
2451:Mickiewicz
2446:Malczewski
2413:Wordsworth
2398:M. Shelley
2353:de Quincey
2218:Günderrode
2102:Baudelaire
1982:Wanderlust
1819:Lake Poets
1415:Ekshkut S.
1401:2023-05-02
1377:2023-05-02
1350:2023-05-02
1326:2023-05-02
1302:2023-05-02
1278:2023-05-02
1254:2023-05-02
1230:2023-05-02
1206:2023-05-02
1182:2023-05-02
1082:9004336168
1022:5212008271
982:References
881:Night Wind
721:Silentium!
448:bagatelles
390:, née von
331:frustrated
173:Occupation
43:patronymic
4065:Modernism
3725:Kiprensky
3685:Géricault
3670:Friedrich
3660:Delacroix
3635:Constable
3615:Bonington
3605:Bierstadt
3557:Senancour
3532:Schelling
3487:Lamennais
3482:Khomyakov
3447:Coleridge
3442:Chaadayev
3349:Stanković
3344:Mokranjac
3263:Balakirev
3222:Moniuszko
3171:Donizetti
3166:Cherubini
3064:Meyerbeer
3049:Marschner
3024:Beethoven
2937:Moscheles
2871:Musicians
2857:Wergeland
2822:Orbeliani
2777:Grundtvig
2681:Hawthorne
2650:Zhukovsky
2645:Vyazemsky
2630:Lermontov
2589:Gutiérrez
2548:Radičević
2512:Herculano
2436:Krasiński
2378:Radcliffe
2348:Coleridge
2323:E. Brontë
2318:C. Brontë
2248:Jean Paul
2243:Hölderlin
2132:Lamartine
2069:Magalhães
2059:Guimarães
1967:Pantheism
1957:Nostalgia
1809:Indianism
1757:Movements
1688:Countries
873:Silentium
737:pantheism
472:Last Love
246:hegumenia
125:Spouse(s)
47:Ivanovich
4077:Category
3893:Dahlhaus
3878:Blanning
3845:Scholars
3815:Tropinin
3810:Tidemand
3800:Stattler
3795:Scheffer
3695:Głowacki
3665:Edelfelt
3620:Bryullov
3562:Snellman
3537:Schiller
3527:Rousseau
3507:Michelet
3452:Constant
3422:Belinsky
3395:Sibelius
3339:Konjović
3313:Scriabin
3283:Lyapunov
3217:Lipiński
3186:Spontini
3176:Paganini
3120:Goldmark
2911:Thalberg
2906:Schubert
2886:Bruckner
2847:Topelius
2837:Runeberg
2827:Prešeren
2797:Leopardi
2762:Frashëri
2752:Eminescu
2732:Andersen
2640:Tyutchev
2625:Karamzin
2599:Zorrilla
2594:Saavedra
2492:Castilho
2480:Portugal
2471:Słowacki
2373:Polidori
2303:Barbauld
2238:Hoffmann
2193:Brentano
2107:Bertrand
1928:Romantic
1764:Ancients
1738:Scotland
1639:LibriVox
937:See also
927:'s film
905:Romances
752:Levitsky
700:such as
376:Bavarian
281:Maecenas
55:Tyutchev
18:Tyutchev
4153:Censors
3918:Lovejoy
3853:Abraham
3775:Richard
3765:Préault
3690:Girodet
3572:Thoreau
3517:Novalis
3502:Mazzini
3497:Maistre
3472:Hazlitt
3457:Emerson
3437:Carlyle
3427:Berchet
3370:Berwald
3365:Bennett
3334:Hristić
3288:Medtner
3268:Borodin
3258:Arensky
3181:Rossini
3156:Bellini
3135:Joachim
3108:Hungary
3089:Strauss
3017:Germany
2983:Berlioz
2952:Voříšek
2947:Smetana
2925:Czechia
2879:Austria
2812:Maturin
2807:Manzoni
2782:Heliade
2757:Foscolo
2727:Alfieri
2722:Abovian
2676:Emerson
2635:Pushkin
2574:Bécquer
2507:Garrett
2461:Potocki
2408:Southey
2368:Maturin
2338:Carlyle
2295:Britain
2268:Novalis
2223:Gutzkow
2171:Germany
2137:Mérimée
2122:Gautier
2049:Barreto
2044:Azevedo
2024:Alencar
2004:Writers
1923:Byronic
1859:Purismo
1713:Germany
1695:Denmark
1591:at the
1560:e-book.
995:, 1988.
930:Stalker
754:, 1856.
725:silence
595:Vatican
392:Pfeffel
372:Bothmer
226:Bryansk
189:Russian
97:Bryansk
3943:Wellek
3923:de Man
3908:Janion
3898:Ferber
3873:Berlin
3868:Beiser
3863:Barzun
3858:Abrams
3835:Wiertz
3820:Turner
3770:Révoil
3755:Palmer
3745:Martin
3740:Leutze
3715:Janmot
3675:Fuseli
3630:Church
3522:Quinet
3512:Müller
3467:Goethe
3462:Fichte
3385:Franck
3327:Serbia
3278:Glinka
3251:Russia
3237:Tausig
3232:Stolpe
3212:Chopin
3200:Poland
3161:Busoni
3125:Heller
3094:Wagner
3029:Brahms
3003:Onslow
2993:Halévy
2961:France
2942:Reicha
2932:Dvořák
2901:Mahler
2896:Hummel
2891:Czerny
2787:Isaacs
2767:Geijer
2701:Lowell
2691:Irving
2671:Cooper
2666:Bryant
2608:Russia
2543:Njegoš
2538:Kostić
2533:Jakšić
2526:Serbia
2456:Norwid
2431:Fredro
2423:Poland
2393:Seward
2283:Uhland
2273:Schwab
2263:Mörike
2253:Kleist
2208:Goethe
2203:Fouqué
2152:Nodier
2147:Nerval
2142:Musset
2094:France
2084:Varela
2079:Taunay
2064:Macedo
2012:Brazil
1962:Ossian
1889:Themes
1728:Poland
1723:Norway
1705:France
1584:e-book
1575:
1552:
1493:27 May
1466:
1080:
1042:
1020:
1014:(1997)
919:, and
729:others
684:Poetry
603:Poland
380:Munich
374:, the
325:, and
315:Slyozy
300:Munich
277:Horace
234:Russia
41:, the
4029:Bacon
3938:Rosen
3933:Ricks
3928:Nancy
3888:Blume
3883:Bloom
3805:Stroy
3790:Saleh
3785:Runge
3735:Lampi
3720:Jones
3710:Hayez
3645:Corot
3610:Blake
3577:Tieck
3567:Staël
3492:Larra
3477:Hegel
3432:Burke
3390:Grieg
3380:Field
3375:Elgar
3358:Other
3191:Verdi
3149:Italy
3140:Liszt
3130:Hubay
3115:Erkel
3099:Weber
3084:Spohr
3044:Loewe
3034:Bruch
2998:Méhul
2988:Fauré
2978:Auber
2973:Alkan
2832:Raffi
2802:Mácha
2792:Lenau
2742:Botev
2715:Other
2567:Spain
2502:Dinis
2388:Scott
2363:Keats
2343:Clare
2333:Byron
2328:Burns
2308:Blake
2293:Great
2278:Tieck
2233:Heine
2228:Hauff
2162:Vigny
2157:Staël
2117:Dumas
2039:Assis
2034:Alves
2019:Abreu
1972:Rhine
1875:Ultra
1718:Japan
1075:Brill
993:Nauka
954:Notes
533:are:
490:Issue
425:Turin
347:Daria
323:K. N.
311:Tears
298:, to
262:Mamai
139:Issue
3903:Frye
3830:Ward
3825:Veit
3780:Rude
3730:Koch
3705:Gude
3700:Goya
3650:Dahl
3640:Cole
2968:Adam
2916:Wolf
2659:U.S.
2558:Zmaj
2188:Beer
2127:Hugo
2074:Reis
2054:Dias
1918:Hero
1853:Post
1814:Jena
1784:Dark
1573:ISBN
1550:ISBN
1495:2022
1464:ISBN
1134:Neva
1078:ISBN
1040:ISBN
1018:ISBN
708:and
339:K.B.
216:Life
210:O.S.
206:O.S.
197:IPA:
177:Poet
112:Died
85:Born
3400:Sor
3273:Cui
2706:Poe
1839:Pre
1834:Neo
1637:at
1582:.
1488:ECM
879:'s
601:or
349::
313:or
232:of
53:is
45:is
4094::
4055:←
1486:.
1394:.
1370:.
1359:^
1343:.
1319:.
1295:.
1271:.
1247:.
1223:.
1199:.
1175:.
1069:.
1028:^
1003:^
969::
712:.
704:,
597:,
195:,
191::
103:,
99:,
4068:→
1673:e
1666:t
1659:v
1514:.
1497:.
1472:.
1445:.
1404:.
1380:.
1353:.
1329:.
1305:.
1281:.
1257:.
1233:.
1209:.
1185:.
513:.
341:(
317:(
187:(
57:.
34:.
20:)
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