403:
382:
356:
83:
335:
22:
878:
284:. This is thought to symbolize the power of the god to bind and unbind, mentioned in the poems and elsewhere. Odin had the power to lay bonds upon the mind, so that men became helpless in battle, and he could also loosen the tensions of fear and strain by his gifts of battle-madness, intoxication, and inspiration.
254:
191:, as well as upon the Nene River Ring, and on the Oseberg ship bed post. Although other forms are topologically possible, these are the only attested forms found so far.
496:
notes that "nonracist pagans may also use this symbol, so one should carefully examine it in context rather than assume that a particular use of the symbol is racist."
355:
402:
502:
In modern Norway, the word "valknut" means "knot of those fallen in battle", connecting the symbol to the god Odin and representing the glory of death in battle.
381:
716:
691:
334:
845:
110:
The valknut appears on a wide variety of objects found in areas inhabited by the
Germanic peoples. The symbol is prominently featured on the
561:
421:
The symbol is used for a variety of purposes in modern popular culture. The valknut symbol is used as a religious symbol by adherents of
928:
422:
863:
831:
806:
276:
For instance, beside the figure of Odin on his horse shown on several memorial stones there is a kind of knot depicted, called the
241:: "Hrungnir had a heart that was famous. It was made of hard stone with three sharp-pointed corners just like the carved symbol
898:
202:
is used for a polygon with a loop on each of its corners. In the
English language, the looped, four-cornered symbol is called
441:
433:
918:
903:
134:
48:
712:
288:
Davidson says that similar symbols are found beside figures of wolves and ravens on "certain cremation urns" from
98:, depicts a valknut in a central and predominant position, appearing alongside figures interpreted as Odin with a
742:
437:
436:
uses a triquetra valknut as their logo, which can be commonly seen on many products produced by the company; the
688:
586:
258:
157:
63:
is a modern development; it is not known what term or terms were used to refer to the symbol historically.
908:
699:
493:
669:
645:
304:
Because the symbol appears on picture stones with Odin and on burial gifts in the
Oseberg ship burial,
66:
Scholars have proposed a variety of explanations for the symbol, sometimes associating it with the god
589:, blazoned in the Norwegian Royal Decree of 11 May 1984, quoted in Hans Cappelen og Knut Johannessen:
82:
409:
328:, or (in modern use only) a closed three-link chain, depending on the particular artistic depiction:
289:
265:
230:
203:
188:
153:
111:
87:
855:
245:." Comparisons have been made between this symbol description and the symbol known as the valknut.
179:. This unicursal form is found, for example, on the Tängelgårda stone. The symbol also appears in
923:
558:
859:
841:
827:
802:
514:, a symbol representing the hammer of the god Thor, particularly popular during the Viking Age
426:
798:
56:
695:
673:
565:
489:
478:
469:
467:"Tyrant" models, and it is also used as a logo by American engineering firm RedViking. In
341:
321:
308:
says that the symbol may have been associated with religious practices surrounding death.
184:
137:, a partially preserved tapestry found within the ship burial, also features the symbol.
103:
71:
456:
913:
892:
823:
517:
460:
141:
464:
362:
325:
305:
172:
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55:. It appears on a variety of objects from the archaeological record of the ancient
21:
882:
765:"Valknut | Description, Meaning, Norse Mythology, Odin, & Facts | Britannica"
293:
126:
115:
253:
118:
gold finger ring dated to around the 8th to 9th centuries. A wooden bed in the
70:, and it has been compared to the three-horned symbol found on the 9th-century
511:
452:
281:
224:
180:
168:
119:
32:
28:
163:
The historically attested instances of the symbol appear in two traditional,
523:
520:, a symbol that produces a square with outward pointing loops at its corners
448:
366:
183:
form, consisting of three linked triangles, topologically equivalent to the
176:
764:
235:
195:
133:, features a carving of the symbol on an ornately stylized bedpost and the
877:
499:
Bogd Bank of
Mongolia uses the same symbol as their main corporate logo.
317:
238:
164:
52:
482:
145:
99:
91:
738:
440:
has used a logo inspired by the unicursal form of the valknut for the
393:
346:
474:
372:
261:
from
Gotland, Sweden, features valknuts below a depiction of a horse.
149:
130:
95:
44:
388:
252:
81:
20:
593:, Oslo 1987, page 197. The term is also used in Anders Bjønnes:
269:
67:
666:
637:
16:
Germanic multi-triangular symbol, occurs in several forms
214:
Several explanations for the symbol have been proposed:
838:
Listening People, Speaking Earth: Contemporary
Paganism
234:
contains the following description of the heart of the
140:
Additionally, the valknut appears prominently on two
268:
theorizes a connection between the valknut, the god
102:
shunting another figure into a burial mound while a
689:"Hate on Display - Hate Symbols Database: Valknot"
850:Simek, Rudolf (2007), translated by Angela Hall.
595:Segltegninger fra hyllingene i Norge 1591 og 1610
425:, a new religious movement inspired by historic
187:. This tricursal form can be seen on one of the
715:. Southern Poverty Law Center. 26 August 2007.
432:In Europe, the Swedish forest products company
614:
612:
8:
526:, a symbol composed of three interlaced arcs
840:(second ed.). London: Hurst & Company.
544:
542:
540:
473:, the valknut is the national symbol of
811:Davidson, Hilda Roderick Ellis (1967).
713:"Face of Hate: Chris Allgier Explained"
536:
330:
684:
682:
648:from the original on 24 September 2008
167:distinct forms. The symbol appears in
106:is overhead and another man is hanged.
7:
745:from the original on 24 August 2023
719:from the original on 31 August 2007
14:
820:Gods and Myths of Northern Europe
488:The valknut has seen some use by
876:
852:Dictionary of Northern Mythology
642:DFB - Deutscher Fußball-Bund e.V
485:rather than the modern country.
401:
380:
354:
333:
739:"Богд Банк | Банкны тухай"
222:Chapter 17 of the 13th century
818:Davidson, H. R. Ellis (1990).
793:Byock, Jesse (trans.) (2006).
477:, which in the game is led by
442:Germany national football team
434:Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget
74:, to which it may be related.
1:
481:and mostly representative of
387:The valknut as closed 3-link
210:Theories and interpretations
31:trefoil forms; on the right
557:The British Museum Online.
947:
447:The symbol appears as the
408:As Borromean rings on the
135:Oseberg tapestry fragments
929:White nationalist symbols
597:, Oslo 2010, pages 64–65.
320:equivalent to either the
672:22 December 2020 at the
836:Harvey, Graham (2007).
815:. Frederick A. Praeger.
694:16 January 2017 at the
564:21 January 2021 at the
899:Early Germanic symbols
700:Anti-Defamation League
494:Anti-Defamation League
417:Modern popular culture
286:
272:, and "mental binds":
262:
171:form, topologically a
107:
36:
35:linked triangle forms.
587:Lødingen Municipality
410:Stora Hammars I stone
274:
256:
249:Odin and mental binds
217:
154:Stora Hammars I stone
88:Stora Hammars I stone
85:
78:Archaeological record
24:
885:at Wikimedia Commons
618:Davidson (1990:147).
576:Davidson (1967:125).
266:Hilda Ellis Davidson
189:Stora Hammars stones
100:characteristic spear
667:RedViking home page
591:Norske kommunevåpen
25:Valknut variations.
769:www.britannica.com
490:White supremacists
263:
108:
37:
919:Religious symbols
904:Germanic paganism
881:Media related to
846:978-1-85065-272-4
813:Pagan Scandinavia
644:. 19 March 2014.
585:Coat of arms for
548:Simek (2007:163).
451:inlay on some of
427:Germanic paganism
280:, related to the
259:Tängelgårda stone
204:Saint John's Arms
175:also seen in the
158:Tängelgårda stone
86:A section of the
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799:Penguin Classics
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627:Harvey 2007: 59.
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606:Byock (2001:88).
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218:Hrungnir's heart
57:Germanic peoples
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556:
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479:Harald Hardrada
470:Civilization VI
419:
412:
406:
397:
394:Knot Atlas L6n1
391:
385:
376:
370:
361:The valknut as
359:
350:
347:Knot Atlas L6a4
344:
342:Borromean rings
340:The valknut as
338:
322:Borromean rings
316:The valknut is
314:
302:
251:
220:
212:
185:Borromean rings
112:Nene River Ring
80:
72:Snoldelev Stone
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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871:External links
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795:The Prose Edda
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788:
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756:
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373:Knot Atlas 3_1
360:
353:
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339:
332:
313:
310:
301:
298:
292:cemeteries in
250:
247:
243:hrungnishjarta
231:Skáldskaparmál
219:
216:
211:
208:
142:picture stones
79:
76:
47:consisting of
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
942:
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930:
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909:Magic symbols
907:
905:
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864:0-85991-513-1
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843:
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832:0-14-013627-4
829:
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824:Penguin Books
821:
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807:0-14-044755-5
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559:"finger-ring"
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522:
519:
518:Looped square
516:
513:
510:
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463:'s signature
462:
461:Michael Amott
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318:topologically
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197:
194:In Norwegian
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178:
174:
170:
166:
165:topologically
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856:D. S. Brewer
851:
837:
819:
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772:. Retrieved
768:
759:
747:. Retrieved
733:
721:. Retrieved
707:
662:
650:. Retrieved
641:
632:
623:
602:
594:
590:
581:
572:
553:
501:
498:
487:
468:
465:Dean Guitars
446:
444:since 1991.
431:
420:
363:trefoil knot
326:trefoil knot
315:
306:Rudolf Simek
303:
287:
277:
275:
264:
242:
229:
223:
221:
213:
199:
193:
173:trefoil knot
162:
139:
125:buried near
123:Oseberg Ship
109:
65:
60:
51:interlocked
40:
38:
27:On the left
18:
723:27 December
369:(unicursal)
294:East Anglia
290:Anglo-Saxon
198:, the term
116:Anglo-Saxon
59:. The term
893:Categories
787:References
459:guitarist
453:Arch Enemy
225:Prose Edda
120:Viking Age
924:Triangles
749:24 August
531:Citations
524:Triquetra
449:fretboard
423:Heathenry
367:triquetra
181:tricursal
177:triquetra
169:unicursal
53:triangles
33:tricursal
29:unicursal
774:23 April
743:Archived
717:Archived
692:Archived
670:Archived
646:Archived
562:Archived
506:See also
312:Topology
282:triskele
239:Hrungnir
200:valknute
156:and the
127:Tønsberg
883:Valknut
638:"index"
512:Mjölnir
483:Vikings
457:Carcass
278:valknut
146:Gotland
92:Gotland
61:valknut
41:valknut
862:
844:
830:
805:
652:25 May
492:. The
475:Norway
324:, the
236:jötunn
196:Bokmål
152:: the
150:Sweden
131:Norway
96:Sweden
45:symbol
389:chain
300:Other
228:book
144:from
114:, an
104:raven
49:three
43:is a
914:Odin
860:ISBN
842:ISBN
828:ISBN
803:ISBN
776:2024
751:2023
725:2013
654:2020
270:Odin
257:The
68:Odin
39:The
438:DFB
365:or
90:in
895::
858:.
854:.
826:.
822:.
801:.
797:.
767:.
741:.
698:.
681:^
640:.
611:^
539:^
429:.
296:.
206:.
160:.
148:,
129:,
94:,
778:.
753:.
727:.
702:.
676:.
656:.
455:/
396:)
392:(
375:)
371:(
349:)
345:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
