47:
413:
681:
2718:
1161:
745:, and the title, which was frequently used in warrants dealing with precedence and in public notifications, was basically one of ceremony used in connection with the state and social functions of the sovereign's representative. The governor-general continued to be the sole representative of the Crown, and the government of India continued to be vested in the Governor-General-in-Council.
2318:
2273:
all of them under the India-the Twelve orders of the supreme
Government of India, consisting of Provinces, the Governor-General in Council. The Governor-General, who also bears the title of Viceroy, holds his court and government at Calcutta in the cold weather, and during summer at Simla, an outer
1487:
who acted as king's representative in
Croatian lands and supreme commander of Croatian army. In the 18th century, Croatian bans eventually become chief government officials in Croatia. They were at the head of Ban's Government, effectively the first prime ministers of Croatia. The last ban held his
594:(1509–1515) centralized the post into a plenipotentiary office, which it remained after his tenure. The typical duration in office was usually three years, although powerful viceroys might extend their tenure; of the thirty-four governors of India in the 16th century, only six had longer mandates.
465:
attack, but the captains general were usually given political powers over the provinces under their command. Because the long distances to the viceregal capital would hamper effective communication, both audiencias and captains general were authorized to communicate directly with the crown through
1935:
The series of images of
English kings from Edward the Confessor to Edward I in London, British Library, Cotton MS Vitellius A. XIII/1 is widely familiar from television, textbooks, websites, and exhibitions. In spite of this, the origins and context of this set of four leaves are mysterious. The
460:
or town council. Audiencias primarily functioned as superior judicial tribunals, but unlike their
European counterparts, the New World audiencias were granted by law both administrative and legislative powers. Captaincies general were primarily military districts set up in areas with a risk of
1653:, he never openly declared himself independent. Adopting the title of viceroy was yet another way to walk the thin line between challenging the Sultan's power explicitly and respecting his jurisdiction. Muhammad Ali Pasha's grandson,
287:, the Spanish monarchy was shorn of its Italian possessions. These Italian territories, however, continued to have viceroys under their new rulers for some time; Naples until 1734, Sicily until 1816 and Sardinia until 1848.
1649:(1805–1848). This officer established an almost autonomous regime in Egypt, which officially still was under Ottoman rule. Although Mehemet Ali/Muhammad Ali used different symbols to mark his independence from the
2233:
This presidency comprises the lower basins of the Ganges and
Mahanuddy. Its chief towns are Calcutta, on the Hooghly, an arm of the Ganges, the capital of India, its seat of government, and the residence of the
1536:
In cultures all over the continent of Africa, the role of viceroy has been subsumed into a hereditary noble as opposed to strictly administrative position. In the Arabo-Berber north, for example, the title of
2686:
Aznar, Daniel/Hanotin, Guillaume/May, Niels F. (dir.), À la place du roi. Vice-rois, gouverneurs et ambassadeurs dans les monarchies française et espagnole (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles). Madrid: Casa de Velázquez,
546: – including, until 1752, all Portuguese possessions in the Indian Ocean, from southern Africa to Southeast Asia and Australasia – was governed alternatively by either a viceroy (Portuguese
1918:
863:, respectively. The portraits of the governors-general still hang in a room on the ground floor of the Presidential Palace, one of the last vestiges of both the viceroys and the British Raj.
2274:
spur of the Himálayas, 7000 feet above the level of the sea. The
Viceroy of India, and the Governors of Madras and Bombay, are usually British states- men appointed in England by the Queen
1936:
limited attention given to them has focused on the images rather than the Anglo-Norman captions attached to them, which forms a genealogy of the kings, derived from earlier sources. "
955:
also provide that all royal powers in
Australia, except the actual appointment of the governor-general and the governors, are exercisable by the viceregal representatives. The noun
927:
1068:(генерал-губернатор). For example, during Vorontsov's term of office in Bessarabia, seven governor-generals were in, and at the same time he held the office of governor general of
2536:
1302:
2564:
Loi PRMG1721017V du 2017-07-20 Avis de vacance d'un emploi de directeur départemental interministériel adjoint, délégué à la mer et au littoral (DDTM des Pyrénées-Atlantiques)
879:
1265:
1528:
As with many princely and administrative titles, viceroy is often used, generally unofficially, to render somewhat equivalent titles and offices in non-western cultures.
1866:
In Siam before 1885, the title was used for the heir-apparent or heir presumptive (Thai: กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานมงคล) The title was abolished and replaced with that of the
2818:
2813:
887:
819:, the viceroy was the public face of the British presence in India, attending to many ceremonial functions as well as political affairs. As the representative of the
200:
2755:. Jacinto Freire de Andrada. Translated into English by Peter Wyche. (1664) Henry Herrington, New Exchange, London. Facsimile edition (1994) AES Reprint, New Delhi.
875:
416:
1462:
1516:"ruler") with more discretion and autonomy than was granted other categories of governor. This was an extraordinary break from the centralized traditions of the
2798:
2808:
2736:
2331:
1145:
915:
871:
824:
712:
1093:
883:
525:
46:
1246:
2610:
1541:
is often used by individuals who derive their authority to rule from someone else in much the same way as a viceroy would. Elsewhere, subordinate
639:
566:
tried to distribute power with three governors in different areas of jurisdiction: a government covering the area and possessions in East Africa,
199:
The position of a viceroy is by royal appointment rather than a noble rank. An individual viceroy often also held a separate noble title, such as
1633:
were military governors who were also appointed to provincial government, but they were appointed for military rather than civilian government.
1508:
to receive regular instruction or reinforcement. The chosen governors of these provinces were empowered to act in place of the monarch (hence
353:
and South
America. The viceroys of these two areas had oversight over the other provinces, with most of the North American, Central American,
2387:
2362:
2300:
598:
520:
402:
393:
established two additional viceroyalties to promote economic growth and new settlements on South
America. New viceroyalties were created for
1262:
Troilus de
Mesgouez, marquis de la Roche-Mesgouez (died February 1606): viceroy from 3 January 1578, lieutenant-general from 12 January 1598
1138:
342:
2026:...the kings of England have retained the custom of using the Old Norman language when they give the royal assent... as: Le roy le veult;
2092:
2038:
945:
2325:
2159:
2730:
708:
462:
843:
until 1911 and New Delhi afterwards. Additionally, whilst Calcutta was the capital of India, the viceroys spent the summer months at
2760:
2254:
2191:
2167:
2146:
1740:
1200:
738:
412:
1394:
139:), meaning "king". This denotes the position as one who acts on behalf of a king or monarch. A viceroy's territory may be called a
1310:
1239:
1100:
734:
58:
2179:
514:
54:
2702:
2655:
1584:
as the customary representatives of their respective principals in the various areas that are under their immediate control.
1182:
474:, which was appointed directly by the crown and had broad fiscal and administrative powers in political and military issues.
2498:
2788:
2138:
2137:
Diffie, Bailey W. and George D. Winius (1977), "Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415–1580", p.323-325, Minneapolis:
1981:
1940:" "Sir Louis, the son of Philip king of France, came into England.... King John reigned for seventeen and a half years..."
1617:
had a system of administration which involved both official governors appointed from the capital, and local feudal lords (
1480:
1047:
492:
426:
The viceroyalties of the Spanish Americas and the Spanish East Indies were subdivided into smaller, autonomous units, the
306:
284:
756:. They were largely unencumbered in the exercise of their authority and were among the most powerful men on earth in the
2667:
1406:
785:
777:
773:
749:
718:
623:
316:
301:
1390:
1117:
311:
377:
on the island of Hispaniola for most of the colonial period). These large administrative territories became known as
2010:
345:, the institution of viceroys was adapted to govern the highly populated and wealthy regions of the north overseas:
2671:
2183:
1438:
by 1154. His war affairs are documented as he fought several notable battles. He also maintained ties with knights
903:
836:
832:
733:, although it was most frequently used in ordinary parlance, had no statutory authority, and was never employed by
680:
509:
394:
374:
326:
321:
296:
1171:
737:. Although the Proclamation of 1858 announcing the assumption of the government of India by the Crown referred to
1112:
816:
704:
652:
that were members of the Portuguese high nobility started to use the title of Viceroy. Brazil became a permanent
481:
252:
2509:
1867:
1178:
1134:
503:
487:
346:
175:
can serve as a gender-neutral term. Vicereine is more commonly used to indicate a viceroy's wife, known as the
31:
890:. Lord Mountbatten served as the last Viceroy of India, but continued on as the first governor-general of the
2072:
1552:
1108:(Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia; first under governors in Tbilisi 1802–1844) had viceroys of Transcaucasia.
860:
741:
as "first viceroy and governor-general", none of the warrants appointing his successors referred to them as
66:
2624:
1504:
towards the end of the sixth century for governors of important areas too far from the imperial capital of
1219:
2467:
Ledonne, John P. (January–March 2002). "Administrative Regionalization in the Russian Empire 1802–1826".
2124:, p.65, Maria Cecília Costa Veiga de Albuquerque Ramos, Universidade de Lisboa, 2009 (In Portuguese) <
1997:
Languages: Anglo-Norman "Edward III and Henry, Duke of Lancaster, of the Order of the Garter "Roy Edward"
2793:
1646:
1290:
685:
591:
467:
446:
122:
1435:
793:
563:
559:
204:
2125:
1276:(resident in France) from 8 October 1611 to 1672. Later there were governors and governors-general.
1355:
1325:
1280:
993:. It can be translated as "viceroy", "deputy", "lieutenant" (in the broadest sense of the word) or
852:
769:
498:
440:(military districts), which in most cases became the bases for the independent countries of modern
420:
358:
354:
350:
248:
189:
1919:"Les roys de Engeltere: An illustrated genealogy for King Edward I (Cotton MS Vitellius A XIII/1)"
1759:
626:, as the king had multiple realms throughout Europe and delegated his powers to various viceroys.
2611:"Interview: Christian Schwarz-Schilling, High Representative for BiH: 'The Last Bosnian Viceroy'"
2476:
2350:
2100:
2046:
1669:
1410:
1367:
952:
937:
911:
856:
848:
722:
690:
444:. These units gathered the local provinces which could be governed by either a crown official, a
2455:
1952:
2803:
2756:
2562:
2451:
2393:
2383:
2358:
2296:
2250:
2187:
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2142:
1802:
abolished the post in order to increase the imperial direct ruling power in all over Vietnam.
1321:
891:
828:
789:
729:, the Governor-General as representing the Crown became known as the Viceroy. The designation
567:
456:
272:
268:
244:
185:
38:
2290:
1938:
Sir Lowys fiz le Roy Phylippe de Fraunce en Engletere. Le Roy Jon regna .xvii. aunz e demy...
1884:
1828:
dynasties, there existed positions of viceroys having control over various provinces (e.g.,
1783:
1779:
1771:
1681:
1654:
1501:
1379:
1359:
1092:; 20 June 1815 – 5 November 1916), had only one viceroy, 9 December 1815 – 1 December 1830:
1077:
1064:
985:
933:
820:
809:
753:
619:
543:
441:
338:
276:
80:
2438:Тархов, Сергей, "Изменение административно-территориального деления России в XIII-XX в." (
1811:
1787:
1677:
1556:
1548:
1443:
1414:
1386:), until 27 November 1941, when the last Italian administrator surrendered to the Allies.
1363:
1329:
1231:
1084:
1031:
867:
665:
657:
649:
635:
390:
216:
1015:, or "knyaz deputies") were in charge of local administration. In particular, they ruled
839:. During the office's history, the governors-general of India were based in two cities:
1736:
1598:
1505:
1484:
1474:
1451:
1345:
1317:
1130:
990:
669:
428:
232:
1799:
1625:
were the former, and can be seen as equivalents of viceroys, governing the provinces (
231:
came to appoint numerous viceroys to rule over various parts of the increasingly vast
2782:
2724:
2447:
2286:
1712:
1650:
1614:
1576:
continue to occupy statutorily recognized positions in the contemporary countries of
1426:
1105:
941:
761:
757:
645:
615:
611:
555:
228:
2769:
2411:
1684:), denoted hereditary rulers of Ottoman vassal states, under the Sultan's titles of
800:
in 1947. Both countries finally severed complete ties with Britain when they became
2629:
1861:
1825:
1821:
1711:
denote officials who were, at least nominally, appointed to their positions by the
1708:
1673:
1577:
1517:
765:
575:
571:
406:
62:
1431:
996:
554:. The government started seven years after the discovery of sea route to India by
2642:
279:
to the Spanish throne, the historic Aragonese viceroyalties were replaced by new
2625:
A Biographical Encyclopedia of Contemporary Genocide: Portraits of Evil and Good
2439:
1817:
1728:
1570:
1566:
1160:
1069:
1035:
653:
362:
219:, where, beginning in the 14th century, it referred to the Spanish governors of
140:
2076:
1894:
1829:
1689:
1573:
1294:
1285:
1224:
1055:
1043:
805:
129:
50:
2656:
Encyclopædia Britannica: Ismail Pasha, Ottoman Viceroy of Egypt and New Spain
1731:
in 1867 ended the eyalet system, replacing it with more centrally-controlled
2397:
1833:
1720:
1700:
1630:
781:
726:
471:
437:
386:
370:
280:
243:
In Europe, until the 18th century, the Habsburg crown appointed viceroys of
144:
1301:(a post previously occupied by the king of France) and continues to send a
398:
2577:
The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century
110:
in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory.
2537:"L'île des Faisans, le mini-royaume des vice-rois d'Espagne et de France"
1879:
1763:
1622:
1618:
1447:
1383:
1059:
801:
797:
433:
264:
260:
220:
167:
17:
2480:
1791:
1841:
1837:
1756:
1732:
1658:
1642:
1602:
1581:
1538:
1439:
1398:
1333:
1298:
1185: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
840:
587:
256:
224:
1450:
to their order. His own biological brother Dominic was on record as a
2122:
O Secretário dos despachos e coisas da Índia pero d´Alcáçova Carneiro
1889:
1724:
1716:
1685:
1665:
1561:
1543:
1497:
844:
583:
107:
2513:
1488:
position until 1941 and the collapse of Yugoslavia in World War II.
948:: "The Governor-General is the viceroy of the Queen of Australia".
776:, viceroys shared some limited aspects of their authority with the
2723:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2587:
Judith Mary Upton-Ward, H. J. A. Sire. "24. The Priory of Vrana".
2380:Государев наместник : историческая повестьо М.Н. Кречетникове
1849:
1845:
1775:
1696:
1626:
1016:
1010:
855:
in Kolkata. They are used today as the official residences of the
679:
579:
411:
114:
45:
2126:
http://repositorio.ul.pt/bitstream/10451/3387/1/ulfl080844_tm.pdf
768:
with a large military force at their disposal in the form of the
1899:
1798:
is sometimes translated to English as viceroy. In 1830, emperor
1458:
1332:". Pheasant Island is a French-Spanish condominium on the river
1127:
366:
2668:
Goddess on the rise: pilgrimage and popular religion in Vietnam
2217:(new ed.), Vol. 4, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1909, vol 4, p. 31.
2205:(new ed.), Vol. 4, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1909, vol 4, p. 16.
847:. The two historic residences of the viceroys still stand: the
227:. After the unification, at the end of the 15th century, later
1704:
1354:: The highest colonial representatives in the "federation" of
1154:
1000:. The term has two periods of usage, with different meanings.
827:, the viceroy served as the grand master of the two principal
551:
98:
1309:
viceroy to rule on their behalf (as does their co-ruler, the
2753:
The Life of Dom John de Castro: The Fourth Vice Roy of India
1739:
was the only provincial governor entitled to a seat in the
1457:
Due to his vast powers over Bosnian politics and essential
1266:
Jean de Biencourt, sieur de Poutrincourt, baron de St. Just
89:
1520:
and was an early example of the principle of viceroyalty.
2699:
Viceregal Administration in the Spanish American Colonies
1034:
powers. The latter has traditionally been translated as "
2271:, London,UK: Trübner and Co., Ludgate Hill, p. 43,
1434:
was the first ruler and viceroy of Bosnia, appointed by
1046:" (or, as a common blunder, "viceregent"). For example,
780:, one of the first steps in the establishment of Indian
2160:"The Portuguese empire, 1415–1808: a world on the move"
2015:
Origins of the English People and the English Languages
1968:
C16: from French, from vice3 + roy king, from Latin rex
1743:, but only when a matter fell within his jurisdiction.
550:) or governor and commission located in the capital of
470:. The Bourbon Reforms introduced the new office of the
2495:
Handbook for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland
1786:, while Nguyen emperors ruled only the central region
1088:, while under the emperors of Russia as kings (styled
928:
List of current viceregal representatives of the Crown
2729:
2324:
92:
2231:, William Collins, Sons, & Company, p. 22,
1253:
1500 – 1560): 15 January 1541 – September 1543)
263:
during the brief period known as the Iberian Union,
95:
86:
2355:
A course in Russian history—the seventeenth century
2269:
The Indian Empire: Its People, History and Products
1762:(1802–1830). From 1802, under the reign of emperor
1116:, lasted from July 30, 1903, to June 8, 1905, with
389:viceroyalties until the 18th century, when the new
83:
37:"Viceregal" redirects here. For the racehorse, see
1755:) was a political post in the early period of the
1378:from 5 May 1936, when Italian forces occupied the
578:(Gujarat); a second one ruling the possessions in
1062:(1844–1854). Sometimes the term is confused with
989:) was an official position in the history of the
349:(Mexico and Philippines) and the south overseas:
235:in Europe, the Americas, and overseas elsewhere.
1358:(six provinces, each under a governor; together
1320:director, delegate for the sea and coast of the
2295:. Melbourne University Publishing. p. 38.
1770:who administered Vietnam's northern part named
165:is sometimes used to indicate a female viceroy
2344:
2342:
1463:high representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina
1413:di San Savino and after his departure General
1247:Jean François de la Rocquet, sieur de Roberval
932:The term has occasionally been applied to the
721:, which transferred control of India from the
365:and the South American ones by the viceroy in
184:The term has occasionally been applied to the
143:, though this term is not always applied. The
201:Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston
8:
2077:http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50277245
1227:, in present Canada, had a single governor:
823:, who were also the kings and queens of the
2737:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
2332:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
2087:
2085:
1661:which was almost an equivalent to viceroy.
1146:List of viceroyalties of the Russian Empire
916:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
866:Notable governors-general of India include
825:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
713:Presidencies and provinces of British India
373:, which was overseen by the high court, or
2712:. New York: Oxford University Press, 1947.
1723:were appointed to govern provinces called
1139:colonization of the northwestern New World
788:and ultimately led to the independence of
1645:of Egypt, especially during the reign of
1479:From the earliest medieval period in the
1201:Learn how and when to remove this message
369:, (with the exception of most of today's
1465:has been compared to that of a viceroy.
337:The Americas were incorporated into the
2819:Portuguese colonization of the Americas
2814:Titles of national or ethnic leadership
2589:The Military Orders: On Land and by Sea
1910:
1461:powers, the modern-day position of the
1094:Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich Romanov
910:after 1700 until 1922, even though the
640:Portuguese colonization of the Americas
526:List of viceroys of the Río de la Plata
2643:"Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas"
1483:, the position of viceroy was held by
784:. This process was accelerated by the
748:The viceroys reported directly to the
436:with the authority to judge), and the
2382:(in Russian). Kaluga: Золотая аллея.
1657:, subsequently received the title of
984:
599:List of governors of Portuguese India
215:The title was originally used by the
61:members, in front of the portrait of
7:
2799:Spanish colonization of the Americas
1982:"Roy Edward (Edward III) manuscript"
1183:adding citations to reliable sources
808:republic in 1950 and Pakistan as an
558:, in 1505, under the first viceroy,
343:Spanish colonization of the Americas
121:, meaning "in the place of" and the
1629:) by appointment from the capital.
1328:" carries the title of "viceroy of
946:Australian House of Representatives
590:to the Far East. However, Governor
361:areas supervised by the viceroy in
106:) is an official who reigns over a
2809:Positions of subnational authority
2535:Richardot, Robin (2 August 2019).
1753:governor of all military provinces
1715:rather than hereditary privilege.
959:is rarely used, but the adjective
752:in London and were advised by the
709:List of governors-general of India
624:viceroys to govern Portugal itself
521:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
25:
1502:Byzantine or Eastern Roman Empire
1496:An equivalent office, called the
1268:(1557–1615): February 1606 – 1614
914:had been merged in 1801 into the
656:in 1763, when the capital of the
562:(b.1450–d.1510). Initially, King
2716:
2641:Thapar, Romila (16 April 1961).
2316:
1727:, until the promulgation of the
1316:The French position of "adjunct
1234:: 24 July 1534 – 15 January 1541
1159:
196:representatives of the monarch.
79:
1259:September 1543 – 3 January 1578
1170:needs additional citations for
515:List of viceroys of New Granada
55:governor-general of New Zealand
2703:University of California Press
2694:. London: Edward Arnold, 1963.
1782:with administrative center in
1774:with administrative center in
1565:in the realms of the reigning
1022:In the 18th–20th centuries, a
1:
2710:The Spanish Empire in America
2497:, 1888, p. 460. Google Print
2357:. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe.
2180:"A concise history of Brazil"
2139:University of Minnesota Press
2069:The Oxford English Dictionary
1980:Bruges, William (1430–1440).
1250:
1120:being the sole office holder.
821:emperors and empress of India
614:, between 1580 and 1640, the
493:List of viceroys of New Spain
307:List of viceroys of Catalonia
285:War of the Spanish Succession
2097:OxfordDictionariesOnline.com
2071:, 2nd ed. 1989, OED Online,
2043:OxfordDictionariesOnline.com
1407:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
1376:viceroy and governor-general
1004:In the 12th–16th centuries,
786:Government of India Act 1935
778:Central Legislative Assembly
774:Government of India Act 1919
764:eras, ruling over an entire
750:secretary of state for India
719:Government of India Act 1858
317:List of viceroys of Sardinia
302:List of viceroys of Valencia
275:. With the ascension of the
2215:Imperial Gazetteer of India
2203:Imperial Gazetteer of India
1986:William Bruges’ Garter Book
1118:Yevgeni Ivanovich Alekseyev
1113:Viceroyalty of the Far East
1101:Viceroyalty of the Caucasus
904:lords lieutenant of Ireland
610:During some periods of the
312:List of viceroys of Navarre
67:former Queen of New Zealand
27:Representative of a monarch
2835:
2672:University of Hawaii Press
2184:Cambridge University Press
2162:, p. 66, JHU Press, 1998,
1859:
1809:
1472:
1424:
1343:
1217:
1143:
1085:Congress Kingdom of Poland
1026:was a person in charge of
925:
906:were often referred to as
837:Order of the Indian Empire
833:Order of the Star of India
717:Following adoption of the
702:
648:in 1640, the governors of
633:
510:Viceroyalty of New Granada
375:Audiencia of Santo Domingo
327:List of viceroys of Naples
322:List of viceroys of Sicily
297:List of viceroys of Aragon
113:The term derives from the
36:
29:
2697:Fisher, Lillian Estelle.
2692:Imperial Spain, 1469–1716
2378:Larin, Aleksandr (2004).
1957:www.collinsdictionary.com
1137:obviated viceroys in the
1133:'s 1799 formation of the
977:
817:Commander-in-Chief, India
772:. Under the terms of the
705:Governor-General of India
482:Viceroyalty of the Indies
2600:Magyar Országos Levéltár
2267:Hunter, William (1886),
2249:, India Book House Ltd.
2227:Pearce, William (1876),
1524:Non-Western counterparts
1370:) were no longer styled
1135:Russian-American Company
504:List of viceroys of Peru
488:Viceroyalty of New Spain
32:Viceroy (disambiguation)
2292:The Truth of the Matter
2073:Oxford University Press
1751:The post of Tổng Trấn (
1735:. the beylerbey of the
1553:King of the Zulu Nation
1303:personal representative
861:governor of West Bengal
664:) was transferred from
586:; and a third one from
385:). There were only two
239:In Spanish ruled Europe
2666:Philip Taylor (2004),
2469:Cahiers du Monde Russe
2158:A. J. R. Russell-Wood,
1778:and the southern part
1664:Other titles, such as
1272:Next were a series of
1220:French colonial empire
986:[nɐˈmʲesʲnʲɪk]
982:Russian pronunciation:
831:of British India: the
695:
423:
70:
2349:Klyuchevsky, Vasily;
2009:Roemer, Jean (1888).
1923:Les roys de Engeltere
1500:, was created in the
1473:Further information:
1442:and donated lands in
1425:Further information:
1344:Further information:
1218:Further information:
1144:Further information:
1058:(1823–44) and of the
926:Further information:
703:Further information:
683:
644:After the end of the
634:Further information:
592:Afonso de Albuquerque
468:Council of the Indies
417:Joaquín de la Pezuela
415:
49:
2789:Gubernatorial titles
1868:Crown Prince of Siam
1547:under the rule of a
1179:improve this article
1080:emperors of Russia:
564:Manuel I of Portugal
560:Francisco de Almeida
205:Viceroy of New Spain
30:For other uses, see
2751:Andrada (undated).
2740:(in Russian). 1906.
2516:on 23 November 2011
2351:Duddington, Natalie
2335:(in Russian). 1906.
2075:, 4 April 2000 <
2049:on 11 November 2012
1597:The viceroy in the
1492:Ancient antecedents
1356:Italian East Africa
1293:in the neighboring
1281:president of France
1240:lieutenants-general
1151:Other viceroyalties
963:is standard usage.
938:Commonwealth realms
922:Commonwealth realms
688:, King of England.
574:, overseeing up to
523:(1776–1814) –
512:(1717–1819) –
501:(1542–1824) –
499:Viceroyalty of Peru
490:(1535–1821) –
438:captaincies general
403:the Río de la Plata
281:captaincies general
190:Commonwealth realms
2731:"Наместники"
2326:"Наместники"
2103:on 13 January 2013
1670:Sharifate of Mecca
1647:Muhammad Ali Pasha
1605:(lit. vice king).
1481:Kingdom of Croatia
1436:Géza II of Hungary
1411:Francesco Jacomoni
1409:were the Marchese
1238:Thereafter it had
1076:existed under the
953:Australia Act 1986
912:Kingdom of Ireland
857:president of India
829:orders of chivalry
723:East India Company
696:
691:Bruges Garter Book
542:From 1505 to 1896
424:
405:in 1776 (capital,
397:in 1717 (capital,
71:
2493:Thomas Mitchell,
2389:978-5-7111-0347-9
2364:978-1-56324-317-2
2302:978-0-522-85212-7
2234:governor-general;
1766:, there were two
1747:Vietnamese Empire
1403:viceré of Albania
1389:On 7 April 1939,
1372:high commissioner
1322:Atlantic Pyrenees
1211:
1210:
1203:
1048:Mikhail Vorontsov
1042:as "viceroy" or "
944:in 1973 told the
934:governors-general
892:Dominion of India
880:The Earl of Minto
851:in New Delhi and
568:Arabian Peninsula
533:Portuguese Empire
186:governors-general
178:viceregal consort
59:Executive Council
39:Viceregal (horse)
16:(Redirected from
2826:
2768:
2741:
2733:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2708:Harding, C. H.,
2690:Elliott, J. H.,
2675:
2664:
2658:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2638:
2632:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2613:. 31 March 2006.
2607:
2601:
2598:
2592:
2585:
2579:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2512:. Archived from
2506:
2500:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2464:
2458:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2264:
2258:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2229:History of India
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2176:
2170:
2156:
2150:
2135:
2129:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2099:. Archived from
2089:
2080:
2067:"Viceroyal, a",
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2045:. Archived from
2035:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1915:
1885:Governor-General
1741:Imperial Council
1692:, respectively.
1682:Khanate of Kazan
1395:Albanian Kingdom
1380:Ethiopian Empire
1340:Italian colonies
1311:Bishop of Urgell
1252:
1206:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1163:
1155:
1078:House of Romanov
1072:. The following
1065:governor general
1008:(more correctly
988:
983:
979:
888:Lord Mountbatten
853:Government House
810:Islamic republic
754:Council of India
662:Estado do Brasil
620:king of Portugal
582:(Hindustan) and
544:Portuguese India
442:Hispanic America
339:Crown of Castile
283:. At the end of
277:House of Bourbon
105:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
21:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2779:
2778:
2766:
2748:
2746:Further reading
2728:
2717:
2715:
2683:
2678:
2665:
2661:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2622:
2618:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2571:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2546:
2544:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2519:
2517:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2492:
2488:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2420:
2418:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2390:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2365:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2323:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2303:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2247:Dome Over India
2244:
2240:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2177:
2173:
2157:
2153:
2136:
2132:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2019:
2017:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1990:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1961:
1959:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1928:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1876:
1864:
1858:
1814:
1812:Viceroy (China)
1808:
1806:Chinese empires
1749:
1695:Titles such as
1678:Crimean Khanate
1639:
1611:
1595:
1590:
1559:or subordinate
1557:Southern Africa
1549:paramount chief
1534:
1526:
1494:
1477:
1471:
1429:
1423:
1415:Alberto Pariani
1348:
1342:
1330:Pheasant Island
1289:, the title of
1232:Jacques Cartier
1222:
1216:
1214:French colonies
1207:
1196:
1190:
1187:
1176:
1164:
1153:
1148:
1032:plenipotentiary
1028:namestnichestvo
981:
969:
930:
924:
900:
884:Lord Chelmsford
872:Lord Cornwallis
868:Warren Hastings
849:Viceroy's House
715:
701:
678:
658:State of Brazil
642:
636:Colonial Brazil
632:
618:, who was also
608:
540:
535:
421:viceroy of Peru
391:Bourbon dynasty
381:(Spanish term:
335:
333:In the Americas
241:
217:Crown of Aragon
213:
203:, who was also
82:
78:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2832:
2830:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2781:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2764:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2713:
2706:
2695:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2659:
2648:
2633:
2616:
2602:
2593:
2580:
2569:
2554:
2527:
2501:
2486:
2459:
2428:
2403:
2388:
2370:
2363:
2338:
2308:
2301:
2287:Whitlam, Gough
2278:
2259:
2238:
2219:
2207:
2195:
2178:Boris Fausto,
2171:
2151:
2130:
2114:
2081:
2060:
2030:
2001:
1972:
1944:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1875:
1872:
1860:Main article:
1857:
1854:
1810:Main article:
1807:
1804:
1780:Gia Định thành
1760:Nguyễn dynasty
1748:
1745:
1737:Rumelia Eyalet
1638:
1637:Ottoman Empire
1635:
1610:
1607:
1599:Magadha Empire
1594:
1593:Magadha Empire
1591:
1589:
1588:Indian empires
1586:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1506:Constantinople
1493:
1490:
1485:Ban of Croatia
1475:Ban of Croatia
1470:
1469:Ban of Croatia
1467:
1452:Knight Templar
1422:
1419:
1346:Italian Empire
1341:
1338:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1242:and viceroys:
1236:
1235:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1109:
1097:
1020:
991:Russian Empire
968:
967:Russian Empire
965:
940:, for example
923:
920:
899:
896:
815:Alongside the
700:
697:
677:
676:British Empire
674:
670:Rio de Janeiro
631:
628:
607:
604:
603:
602:
539:
536:
534:
531:
530:
529:
518:
507:
496:
485:
419:, penultimate
334:
331:
330:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
293:
292:
240:
237:
233:Spanish Empire
229:kings of Spain
212:
211:Spanish Empire
209:
53:(centre), the
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2831:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2765:
2762:
2761:81-206-0900-X
2758:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2725:public domain
2714:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2652:
2649:
2644:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2555:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2528:
2515:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2432:
2429:
2417:
2415:
2407:
2404:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2327:
2312:
2309:
2304:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2270:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2255:81-7508-352-2
2252:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2192:0-521-56526-X
2189:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2168:0-8018-5955-7
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2147:0-8166-0782-6
2144:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2115:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1790:from capital
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1713:Sublime Porte
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1651:Sublime Porte
1648:
1644:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1615:Mughal Empire
1609:Mughal Empire
1608:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1427:Ban of Bosnia
1421:Ban of Bosnia
1420:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:Italy invaded
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1202:
1194:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1168:This section
1166:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:Transcaucasia
1103:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
992:
987:
975:
974:
966:
964:
962:
958:
954:
949:
947:
943:
942:Gough Whitlam
939:
935:
929:
921:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
897:
895:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
813:
811:
807:
804:– India as a
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
727:British Crown
724:
720:
714:
710:
706:
698:
693:
692:
687:
682:
675:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
646:Iberian Union
641:
637:
629:
627:
625:
621:
617:
616:king of Spain
613:
612:Iberian Union
605:
600:
597:
596:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:Vasco da Gama
553:
549:
545:
537:
532:
528:
527:
522:
519:
517:
516:
511:
508:
506:
505:
500:
497:
495:
494:
489:
486:
483:
480:
479:
478:
475:
473:
469:
464:
459:
458:
453:
452:alcalde mayor
449:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:
422:
418:
414:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
379:viceroyalties
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
332:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
290:
289:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
238:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
210:
208:
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
187:
182:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
164:
163:
158:
157:
153:, less often
152:
151:
146:
142:
138:
134:
131:
127:
124:
120:
116:
111:
109:
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2794:Noble titles
2771:
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2752:
2735:
2709:
2701:. Berkeley,
2698:
2691:
2681:Bibliography
2662:
2651:
2636:
2630:Google Books
2628:, p. 25, at
2623:
2619:
2605:
2596:
2588:
2583:
2576:
2572:
2563:
2557:
2545:. Retrieved
2540:
2530:
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2245:Nath, Aman,
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2117:
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1989:. Retrieved
1985:
1975:
1967:
1960:. Retrieved
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1929:17 September
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1750:
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1513:
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1188:
1177:Please help
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2541:Le Monde.fr
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2475:(1): 5–33.
2107:22 November
2093:"vicereine"
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1676:(as in the
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1512:"outside",
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1096:(1779–1831)
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1036:viceroyalty
876:Lord Curzon
770:Indian Army
654:Viceroyalty
601:(1505–1961)
484:(1492–1535)
461:foreign or
450:(sometimes
395:New Granada
383:virreinatos
363:Mexico City
359:East Indian
341:. With the
171:, although
159:. The term
141:viceroyalty
2783:Categories
2421:19 January
1906:References
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1830:Liangguang
1757:Vietnamese
1721:beylerbeys
1690:Great Khan
1631:Mansabdars
1574:Yorubaland
1368:Somaliland
1295:microstate
1286:ex officio
1225:New France
1074:namestniks
1056:Bessarabia
1044:vicegerent
1013:namestniks
1006:namestniks
978:наме́стник
976:(Russian:
735:Parliament
686:Edward III
477:See also:
454:) or by a
447:corregidor
429:audiencias
192:, who are
130:Old French
51:Cindy Kiro
2591:. p. 221.
2456:0869-5377
1953:"viceroy"
1834:Guangdong
1800:Minh Mạng
1796:Tổng Trấn
1772:Bắc thành
1768:Tổng Trấn
1701:beylerbey
1623:Subahdars
1619:zamindars
1551:like the
1432:Ban Borić
1291:Co-Prince
1283:retains,
1052:namestnik
1040:namestnik
1024:namestnik
997:appointee
995:in place
973:Namestnik
961:viceregal
812:in 1956.
802:republics
798:dominions
782:home rule
762:Edwardian
758:Victorian
472:intendant
387:New World
371:Venezuela
355:Caribbean
347:New Spain
291:See also:
253:Catalonia
194:viceregal
162:vicereine
156:viceroyal
150:viceregal
145:adjective
18:Viceregal
2804:Viceroys
2674:, p. 36.
2547:2 August
2510:"КАВКАЗ"
2481:20174656
2398:83755197
2353:(1994).
2289:(2005).
2186:, 1999,
2182:, p.50,
1880:Governor
1874:See also
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1784:Gia Định
1764:Gia Long
1733:vilayets
1448:Slavonia
1384:Ethiopia
1360:Ethiopia
1307:de facto
1274:viceroys
1104: –
1060:Caucasus
859:and the
841:Calcutta
835:and the
794:Pakistan
743:viceroys
666:Salvador
606:Portugal
548:vice-rei
434:tribunal
265:Sardinia
261:Portugal
249:Valencia
221:Sardinia
168:suo jure
147:form is
2772:rono.ru
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1962:27 June
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1838:Guangxi
1788:Kinh Kỳ
1725:eyalets
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1643:Khedive
1603:Uparaja
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1544:inkosis
1539:Khalifa
1440:Templar
1399:Albania
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1299:Andorra
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908:viceroy
898:Ireland
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731:Viceroy
725:to the
588:Malacca
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1352:viceré
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650:Brazil
630:Brazil
584:Ceylon
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463:Indian
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399:Bogotá
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271:, and
269:Sicily
245:Aragon
108:polity
2687:2014.
2477:JSTOR
2444:Логос
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1850:Hunan
1846:Hubei
1776:Hanoi
1697:pasha
1011:knyaz
845:Simla
790:India
699:India
580:India
538:India
119:vice-
115:Latin
2757:ISBN
2549:2022
2522:2011
2452:ISSN
2423:2010
2394:OCLC
2384:ISBN
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