973:
766:
948:
941:
866:
850:
816:
755:
859:
825:
113:
934:
898:
982:
798:
773:
437:, and the 7th District under Volckmann and Blackburn. Volckmann's claim to command some of these units is questionable. For example, Robert Lapham rejected Volckmann's efforts to command his guerrilla group. In early 1944, Volckmann established USAFIP-NL headquarters in western Benguet, and in August 1944, received a radio set allowing direct contact with SWPA for the first time since March 1943. On 30 October 1944, Volckmann's forces rescued
989:
780:
93:
967:
960:
792:
749:
737:
42:
917:
892:
885:
878:
844:
837:
810:
923:
571:. As executive officer, Volvkmann's duties were to plan and conduct guerrilla activities behind North Korean lines. Less than six months into this new position, Volckmann was evacuated to the United States due to a relapse of a medical condition, most likely a severe stomach ulcer, he had incurred in the Philippines.
516:, payments to civilians of vouchers issued during the war, and confirmation of pay to local soldiers and guerrilla fighters. He did not return again to the United States until July 1946. Due to his illnesses and the stress of continual combat, Volckmann would not be released as a medical patient until early 1948.
504:
714:
After graduating from West Point, Volckmann married Nancy Sorley in 1934. In 1936, a son, Russell Jr., was born. Although both accompanied him to the
Philippines in 1940, they were forced to return to the United States with other military dependents in August 1941. In March 1942, his wife received a
511:
During
December 1945, Colonel Volckmann briefly returned to the United States to reunite with his family. After two months of leave and medical treatment due to his exposure to various diseases in the Philippines, he returned to the Philippines to assist in unfinished business related to his command
364:
in
Northern Luzon. Once there, they hoped to assist in establishing an organized resistance against the Japanese. Volckmann strongly credits the assistance of Filipino civilians in making their journey a success, especially during their periods of illness, and time recovering at the American Fassoth
659:
for the
Special Forces and commanded the first units. In a letter dated 23 February 1969, Bank gives credit to Volckmann for "the development of position, planning and policy papers that helped see the establishment of Special Forces units in the active Army". Volckmann and Fertig both commanded
640:
on 4 February 1945. However, he reverted to temporary lieutenant colonel on 1 July 1947, receiving his permanent promotions to major on 15 July 1948 and lieutenant colonel on 14 May 1951. Volckmann became a temporary colonel again on 29 June 1951. He received his final temporary promotion to
408:
Colonel Moses assumed command of guerrilla forces in North Luzon on 1 October 1942, and ordered coordinated attacks on
Japanese forces starting on 15 October. Volckmann and Blackburn joined Lieutenant Rufino Baldwin, Philippine Army, in attacks on the Japanese garrisons in the Sanhiglo and
627:
Due to his service with irregular troops in the
Philippines and loss of contact with the U.S. Army, Volckmann's promotions were also irregular. Though only a first lieutenant at the outbreak of hostilities, he had been made a temporary captain on 9 September 1940 and temporary
432:
On 24 November 1943, Volckmann organized his army into seven districts: 1st
District under Major Parker Calvert, 2nd and 3rd Districts under Major George Barnett, 4th District under Major Ralph Praeger, 5th District under Major Romulo Manriquez, 6th District under Major
483:. They consisted of five infantry regiments: the 11th, 14th, 15th, 66th, and the 121st, with Volckmann as the Commander, United States Armed Forces in the Philippines—Northern Luzon or USAFIP-NL (Military and Guerrillas). His force played an instrumental role in the
287:
in the infantry upon graduation in June 1934. Although he asked for assignment to the
Philippines, a choice duty station requested by many officers, his below average performance at West Point resulted in assignment elsewhere. Volckmann received orders to
464:'s 11th Infantry Battalion; they were led by 1st Lieutenants: Francisco Balanban, Alpha Company; Guinid Tuguinay, Bravo Company; Pedro Dulnuan Sr., Administration. Volckmann's forces operated in the western and northern coasts of
702:; Nick Nor Paynor Jr., aide to General Kanapi; and Mr Esperanto Curaming, representing the Philippine Consul General of Chicago. Also in attendance was his old comrade, Brigadier General Donald Blackburn, who was then living in
472:. Once the invasion forces had landed, he led attacks against the retreating Japanese forces far behind the lines, capturing bases and air fields, thereby allowing the American advance to proceed at a much quicker pace.
2068:
315:
In the summer of 1940, 29-year-old
Captain Volckmann loaded himself, his wife Nancy and their young son aboard a ship for duty in the Far East. Upon arrival in the Philippines, he became the commander of Company H,
468:, launching attacks against the Japanese occupiers. During the U.S. and Filipino invasion of the Philippines in January 1945, Volckmann's guerrillas cut key communication lines, bridges, and isolated enemy
331:
In August 1941, Volckmann's wife and son, along with all other U.S. military dependents, were sent back to the United States due to war concerns. On 8 December 1941, the
Japanese attacked the Philippines.
2053:
418:
660:
corps-sized guerrilla units in World War II and organized them from the ground up. They had developed the doctrine of U.S. military guerrilla insurgency that guides the Special Forces today.
612:
Course at Fort Benning, Georgia. At that time, he was 45 years old and one of the oldest soldiers to take and complete that course. The course was required since he then served as assistant
2088:
2083:
2043:
582:, director of the Office of the Chief of Psychological Warfare (OCPW), asked Volckmann to become OCPW's Chief of Plans—Special Operations Division. Joining Volckman were Colonel
241:
2033:
1141:
1120:
402:
398:
394:
366:
1637:
Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York since its establishment in 1802: Supplement, 1940–1950
2063:
2058:
1126:
1007:
180:
531:
doctrine. During 1948–1949, Volckmann was busy writing this new technical manual, based on his experiences in the Philippines. He also graduated from the
417:
on 8 December 1942. After being notified on 9 June 1943 of the capture of Colonels Moses and Noble, Volckmann took command of the two thousand man strong
2078:
2073:
1114:
907:
1739:
524:
185:
698:. Attending his funeral were several officials representing the Philippine government: Brigadier General Angel G. Kanapi, defense attache of the
429:, were to "...limit hostilities and contact with the enemy to the minimum...your present mission as intelligence units can be of utmost value".
2048:
652:
317:
233:
161:
2103:
2038:
1968:
1941:
1874:
309:
297:
972:
151:
2098:
2093:
718:
Upon Volckmann's second return to the United States in July 1946, his wife Nancy requested a divorce, which was finalized in August 1947.
605:, in Washington, D.C., during 1953–1954, Volckmann served as Chief of Special Operations Division, U.S. European Command, from 1954–1956.
2108:
656:
1707:
460:
units created by the Japanese who did not surrender. Volckmann organized the Commonwealth military and guerrilla resistance among the
2028:
633:
609:
559:
Headquarters, and he appointed Volckmann as Executive Office of the Special Activities Group (SAG)-Far East Command, a combination of
551:
in June 1950. The North Koreans made extensive use of guerrillas and regular U.S. Army doctrine was ineffective against them. General
644:
In July 1957, Volckmann retired from the Army after 27 years of military service, including his four years as a cadet at West Point.
426:
257:
136:
632:
on 19 December 1941. Volckmann received a permanent promotion to captain on 12 June 1944 before receiving temporary promotions to
1018:
655:
that became the cornerstone of SF ," Bank often receives credit for being the true founder, but this is because he created the
221:
1071:
1057:
1041:
328:, but political tensions in the Pacific resulted in accelerated expansion and training for the Philippine Commonwealth Army.
214:
1097:
721:
On 28 August 1948, he married Helen Rich, and they had two sons. They remained married until Volckmann's death in 1982.
715:
letter from him before the surrender of Bataan, It would be the last his family would hear from him until January 1945.
568:
1089:
1961:
Military History's Top 10 Lists: Great Commanders, Improbable Victories, Unlikely Heroes, and Other Martial Oddities
765:
1712:
1102:
1066:
648:
532:
966:
959:
947:
791:
748:
679:
Volckmann remained active in military matters following his retirement. For example, in 1962, he was asked by the
360:. Sometimes in the company of other fleeing American and Filipino soldiers, Volckmann and Blackburn headed to the
556:
1635:
940:
1107:
1084:
1000:
480:
253:
273:
1195:
1050:
981:
916:
891:
884:
877:
843:
836:
809:
680:
637:
492:
457:
225:
202:
865:
849:
815:
668:
After retiring from the U.S. Army, Volckmann was president of Volckmann Furniture Manufacturing Company in
594:, another major leader of guerrilla resistance in the Philippines; and Colonel Melvin Blair, a veteran of "
377:. Thorp had been sent out from Bataan in January to organize guerrillas. On 24 August, they were guided to
617:
595:
503:
488:
484:
1749:
673:
629:
325:
754:
283:
In 1930, he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, and was commissioned a
988:
858:
2023:
2018:
1078:
602:
520:
277:
1897:
613:
824:
1744:
699:
669:
651:
lists Volckmann one of three men who "used their wartime experience to formulate the doctrine of
587:
374:
118:
933:
1640:. Vol. IX. The Association of Graduates, U.S. Military Academy. December 1955. p. 813
1991:
1974:
1964:
1947:
1937:
1901:
1880:
1870:
1849:
1683:
1659:
1587:
1035:
897:
579:
560:
552:
528:
422:
293:
284:
229:
197:
1688:. Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1 January 1952. p. 766
1664:. Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1 January 1949. p. 550
1592:. Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1 January 1957. p. 887
1717:
1146:
1011:
703:
691:
684:
446:
438:
370:
349:
305:
156:
906:
320:. In July 1941, he was transferred to the 11th Infantry Regiment, 11th Infantry Division,
1028:
797:
772:
695:
567:
and South Korean troops. The unit was commanded by Colonel Louis B. Ely, a veteran of the
476:
453:
414:
410:
321:
193:
80:
1914:
1843:
779:
591:
386:
249:
736:
2012:
1061:
434:
390:
341:
289:
269:
98:
64:
706:. Volckmann is buried in his family's plot at Springdale Cemetery in Clinton, Iowa.
672:. He was also president of Zeffyr Industries and president of Volckmann Division of
1866:
1045:
574:
Upon his return, Volckmann began a new writing assignment, and, in 1951, FM 31-21
564:
382:
301:
237:
146:
1023:
548:
544:
300:. In 1937, he received orders to attend the Infantry Officer Advanced Course at
272:, to Hattie May (Dodds) and William J. C. Volckmann. He attended high school at
189:
687:
study panel on the feasibility of air support in counterinsurgency operations.
41:
621:
583:
540:
378:
361:
357:
245:
166:
1951:
1884:
1995:
1978:
513:
218:
1905:
1853:
694:
in 1977. He was diagnosed with cancer in 1981 and died on 30 June 1982 in
405:, Captain Parker Calvert, and Lieutenant Arthur P. Murphy in North Luzon.
527:, ordered Volckmann to write what would become the Army's first official
469:
445:. In November, Volckmann's forces were first supplied by submarine, the
170:
17:
922:
512:
as the guerrilla leader of North Luzon. This included investigation of
1919:. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, Department of the Army
461:
442:
345:
292:, Minnesota, where he was a rifle platoon leader and later a company
475:
Volckmann's guerrillas numbered about 8,000 men at the start of the
240:. After the war, he remained in the U.S. Army and helped create the
1685:
Official Army Register: United States Army Active and Retired Lists
1661:
Official Army Register: United States Army Active and Retired Lists
324:, as the regimental executive officer. This was unusual duty for a
312:. In 1940, he finally received orders for duty in the Philippines.
502:
465:
353:
1863:
American Guerrilla: The Forgotten Heroics of Russell W. Volckmann
1589:
U.S. Army Register: United States Army Active and Retired Lists
1845:
We Remained: Three Years Behind Enemy Lines in the Philippines
2069:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
1567:
1565:
555:
requested that Colonel Volckmann be immediately assigned to
348:
in 1942, Volckmann refused to surrender and, accompanied by
213:(October 23, 1911 – June 30, 1982) was a graduate of the
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
2054:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
1288:
1286:
1424:
304:, Georgia. After completing this school, he served at
176:
142:
132:
124:
104:
86:
70:
51:
32:
1986:Bagamaspad, Anavic; Hamada-Pawid, Zenaida (1985).
1990:. Baguio Printing & Publishing Company, Inc.
1936:. Honolulu, HI: University Press of the Pacific.
519:After his official release as a patient, General
458:Second Philippine Republic Bureau of Constabulary
256:(the "Green Berets"). He eventually retired as a
2089:Members of the United States Army Special Forces
1202:. Vol. XLVII, no. 1. pp. 148–149
413:area. Volckmann then established a new camp in
401:joined them. On 9 September, they met Colonels
393:'s camp, who then guided them further north to
268:Russell Volckmann was born 23 October 1911, in
2084:United States Army personnel of the Korean War
1194:Stevens, BG John DuVal "Johnny" (April 1988).
1142:List of American guerrillas in the Philippines
1121:Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation
365:Camp. On 20 August 1942, they reached Colonel
586:, a former OSS operative who served with the
576:Organization and Conduct of Guerrilla Warfare
8:
2044:United States Army personnel of World War II
1916:U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II
1127:Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation
539:was released. This was just in time, as the
1582:
1580:
1740:"Early Cold War - Army Special Operations"
676:, from 1970 until his retirement in 1977.
479:, but grew to 18,000 when supplied by the
40:
29:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1472:
1436:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1376:
1364:
1352:
1340:
1328:
1316:
1304:
1189:
1187:
1185:
507:Lt. Col. Russell W. Volckmann, post WW II
308:, Texas, as a company commander with the
996:
340:The 11th fought a delaying retreat from
1822:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1762:
1622:
1610:
1571:
1556:
1544:
1448:
1292:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1220:
1176:
1164:
1157:
641:brigadier general on 30 December 1956.
1774:
700:Philippine Embassy in Washington, D.C.
456:, Volckmann's forces eliminated those
385:, which then had them guided north to
2034:United States Military Academy alumni
1532:
1520:
1460:
535:in 1949. In September 1950, FM 31-20
162:Military and Guerrilla Warfare, Luzon
7:
624:, North Carolina, during 1956–1957.
244:. Volckmann, together with Colonels
234:Japanese conquest of the Philippines
2064:Philippine resistance against Japan
2059:American guerrillas of World War II
537:Operations Against Guerrilla Forces
252:are considered the founders of the
1425:Bagamaspad & Hamada-Pawid 1985
1117:with two bronze oak leaf clusters
25:
2079:Joint Forces Staff College alumni
2074:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
1081:with three bronze campaign stars
608:In 1956, Volckmann completed the
987:
980:
971:
965:
958:
946:
939:
932:
921:
915:
905:
896:
890:
883:
876:
864:
857:
848:
842:
835:
823:
814:
808:
796:
790:
778:
771:
764:
753:
747:
735:
578:was released. Brigadier General
389:. They made their way north to
226:Philippine Commonwealth military
186:Army Distinguished Service Medal
111:
91:
1115:Army Presidential Unit Citation
46:An image of then Col. Volckmann
1848:. W. W. Norton & Company.
1708:"The Origin of Special Forces"
1072:National Defense Service Medal
1058:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
1042:American Defense Service Medal
215:United States Military Academy
1:
2049:Recipients of the Silver Star
1988:A People's History of Benguet
1098:Philippine Independence Medal
1092:with one bronze service star
1038:with bronze oak leaf cluster
2104:People from Harlingen, Texas
2039:Military personnel from Iowa
1963:. New York: Gramercy Books.
1913:Hogan, David W. Jr. (1995).
2099:United States Army generals
2094:National War College alumni
1932:Smith, Robert Ross (2005).
1196:"Russell William Volckmann"
1090:Philippine Liberation Medal
1019:Distinguished Service Medal
1008:Distinguished Service Cross
352:, began a trek to northern
344:to Bataan. At the fall of
181:Distinguished Service Cross
2125:
2109:Deaths from cancer in Iowa
1934:Triumph in the Philippines
1713:Special Forces Association
1103:United Nations Korea Medal
1067:World War II Victory Medal
649:Special Forces Association
533:Armed Forces Staff College
2029:People from Clinton, Iowa
1331:, pp. 57, 60, 62–66.
1006:
999:
743:
734:
729:His decorations include:
274:Shattuck Military Academy
211:Russell William Volckmann
39:
34:Russell William Volckmann
1959:Brooks, M. Evan (2003).
1892:Harkins, Philip (1956).
1108:Korean War Service Medal
1085:Philippine Defense Medal
1001:Combat Infantryman Badge
481:Sixth United States Army
254:U.S. Army Special Forces
242:U.S. Army Special Forces
1894:Blackburn's Headhunters
1869:: Casemate Publishers.
1051:American Campaign Medal
493:Battle of Mayoyao Ridge
452:After the start of the
203:Army Commendation Medal
1861:Guardia, Mike (2010).
725:Awards and decorations
653:unconventional warfare
636:on 9 October 1944 and
618:82nd Airborne Division
508:
489:Battle of Bessang Pass
485:Battle of Bacsil Ridge
318:31st Infantry Regiment
657:Table of Organization
506:
326:company-grade officer
310:2nd Infantry Division
298:3rd Infantry Division
125:Years of service
1898:Cassel & Co. Ltd
1079:Korean Service Medal
603:National War College
601:After attending the
521:Dwight D. Eisenhower
278:Fairbault, Minnesota
224:and a leader of the
152:Philippines campaign
1813:, pp. 152–153.
1765:, pp. 173–177.
1625:, pp. 170–173.
1613:, pp. 165–168.
1574:, pp. 160–163.
1559:, pp. 156–157.
1547:, pp. 149–152.
1511:, pp. 175–176.
1487:, pp. 160–161.
1475:, pp. 156–157.
1451:, pp. 182–183.
1439:, pp. 120–121.
1415:, pp. 119–121.
690:Volckmann moved to
596:Merrill's Marauders
590:in Europe; Colonel
547:was invaded by the
525:Army Chief of Staff
356:before the fall of
1840:Volckmann, Russell
1752:on 26 August 2021.
1745:GlobalSecurity.org
1720:on 24 October 2012
670:Morrison, Illinois
634:lieutenant colonel
509:
421:. His orders from
375:Zambales Mountains
232:resistance to the
119:United States Army
1970:978-0-517-22174-7
1943:978-1-4102-2495-8
1876:978-1-935149-22-4
1367:, pp. 77–79.
1355:, pp. 71–74.
1319:, pp. 41–56.
1307:, pp. 16–24.
1280:, pp. 20–22.
1223:, pp. 17–18.
1133:
1132:
995:
994:
580:Robert A. McClure
561:U.S. Army Rangers
529:counterinsurgency
499:Post-World War II
423:Douglas MacArthur
294:executive officer
285:second lieutenant
258:brigadier general
217:at West Point, a
208:
207:
137:Brigadier General
16:(Redirected from
2116:
1999:
1982:
1955:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1909:
1888:
1867:Philadelphia, PA
1857:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1748:. Archived from
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1716:. Archived from
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1290:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1191:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1147:Donald Blackburn
1060:with two bronze
1044:with one bronze
1012:oak leaf cluster
997:
991:
984:
975:
969:
962:
950:
943:
936:
925:
919:
909:
900:
894:
887:
880:
868:
861:
852:
846:
839:
827:
818:
812:
800:
794:
782:
775:
768:
757:
751:
739:
732:
731:
704:McLean, Virginia
692:Harlingen, Texas
685:Rand Corporation
674:Ethan Allen Inc.
441:and family from
381:headquarters on
371:Fort Stotsenburg
369:'s camp west of
350:Donald Blackburn
306:Fort Sam Houston
222:infantry officer
157:Battle of Bataan
117:
115:
114:
106:
97:
95:
94:
77:
62:October 23, 1911
61:
59:
44:
30:
27:American general
21:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1985:
1971:
1958:
1944:
1931:
1922:
1920:
1912:
1891:
1877:
1860:
1838:
1834:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1769:
1761:
1757:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1667:
1665:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1621:
1617:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1570:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1291:
1284:
1276:
1272:
1264:
1260:
1252:
1248:
1240:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1138:
1129:(Army Version)
1123:(Army Version)
1029:Legion of Merit
977:
976:
970:
963:
927:
926:
920:
902:
901:
895:
888:
881:
854:
853:
847:
840:
820:
819:
813:
802:
801:
795:
759:
758:
752:
727:
712:
696:Iowa City, Iowa
666:
501:
477:Battle of Luzon
454:Battle of Leyte
415:Kiangan, Ifugao
403:Noble and Moses
397:'s camp, where
395:Charlie Cushing
338:
322:Philippine Army
266:
201:
196:
194:Legion of Merit
192:
188:
184:
169:
112:
110:
92:
90:
81:Iowa City, Iowa
79:
75:
63:
57:
55:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2122:
2120:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2005:External links
2003:
2001:
2000:
1983:
1969:
1956:
1942:
1929:
1910:
1889:
1875:
1858:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1825:, p. 153.
1815:
1803:
1801:, p. 187.
1791:
1789:, p. 194.
1779:
1767:
1755:
1731:
1699:
1675:
1651:
1627:
1615:
1603:
1576:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1535:, p. 466.
1525:
1513:
1509:Volckmann 1954
1501:
1499:, p. 168.
1497:Volckmann 1954
1489:
1485:Volckmann 1954
1477:
1473:Volckmann 1954
1465:
1453:
1441:
1437:Volckmann 1954
1429:
1427:, p. 292.
1417:
1413:Volckmann 1954
1405:
1401:Volckmann 1954
1393:
1389:Volckmann 1954
1381:
1377:Volckmann 1954
1369:
1365:Volckmann 1954
1357:
1353:Volckmann 1954
1345:
1341:Volckmann 1954
1333:
1329:Volckmann 1954
1321:
1317:Volckmann 1954
1309:
1305:Volckmann 1954
1297:
1282:
1270:
1258:
1246:
1244:, p. 193.
1225:
1213:
1181:
1169:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1082:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1062:campaign stars
1054:
1053:
1048:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1004:
1003:
993:
992:
985:
978:
964:
957:
956:
955:
952:
951:
944:
937:
929:
928:
914:
913:
912:
910:
903:
889:
882:
875:
874:
873:
870:
869:
862:
855:
841:
834:
833:
832:
829:
828:
821:
807:
806:
805:
803:
789:
788:
787:
784:
783:
776:
769:
761:
760:
746:
745:
744:
741:
740:
726:
723:
711:
708:
681:U.S. Air Force
665:
662:
610:Basic Airborne
592:Wendell Fertig
500:
497:
387:La Paz, Tarlac
337:
334:
265:
262:
250:Wendell Fertig
206:
205:
178:
174:
173:
165:
164:
159:
154:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
108:
102:
101:
88:
84:
83:
78:(aged 70)
72:
68:
67:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2121:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2004:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1780:
1777:, p. 37.
1776:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1676:
1663:
1662:
1655:
1652:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1463:, p. 76.
1462:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1403:, p. 89.
1402:
1397:
1394:
1391:, p. 88.
1390:
1385:
1382:
1379:, p. 82.
1378:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1343:, p. 68.
1342:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1298:
1295:, p. 23.
1294:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1271:
1268:, p. 20.
1267:
1262:
1259:
1256:, p. 18.
1255:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1214:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1167:, p. 14.
1166:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1002:
998:
990:
986:
983:
979:
974:
968:
961:
954:
953:
949:
945:
942:
938:
935:
931:
930:
924:
918:
911:
908:
904:
899:
893:
886:
879:
872:
871:
867:
863:
860:
856:
851:
845:
838:
831:
830:
826:
822:
817:
811:
804:
799:
793:
786:
785:
781:
777:
774:
770:
767:
763:
762:
756:
750:
742:
738:
733:
730:
724:
722:
719:
716:
709:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
688:
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
663:
661:
658:
654:
650:
645:
642:
639:
635:
631:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
572:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:North Koreans
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
505:
498:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:Robert Lapham
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Robert Lapham
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:Lingayen Gulf
335:
333:
329:
327:
323:
319:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
290:Fort Snelling
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
270:Clinton, Iowa
263:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
220:
216:
212:
204:
199:
195:
191:
187:
182:
179:
175:
172:
168:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
149:
148:
145:
141:
138:
135:
131:
127:
123:
120:
109:
103:
100:
99:United States
89:
85:
82:
74:June 30, 1982
73:
69:
66:
65:Clinton, Iowa
54:
50:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1987:
1960:
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1915:
1893:
1862:
1844:
1839:
1823:Guardia 2010
1818:
1811:Guardia 2010
1806:
1799:Guardia 2010
1794:
1787:Guardia 2010
1782:
1770:
1763:Guardia 2010
1758:
1750:the original
1743:
1734:
1722:. Retrieved
1718:the original
1711:
1702:
1690:. Retrieved
1684:
1678:
1666:. Retrieved
1660:
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1636:
1630:
1623:Guardia 2010
1618:
1611:Guardia 2010
1606:
1594:. Retrieved
1588:
1572:Guardia 2010
1557:Guardia 2010
1552:
1545:Guardia 2010
1540:
1528:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1480:
1468:
1456:
1449:Harkins 1956
1444:
1432:
1420:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1324:
1312:
1300:
1293:Guardia 2010
1278:Guardia 2010
1273:
1266:Guardia 2010
1261:
1254:Guardia 2010
1249:
1242:Guardia 2010
1221:Guardia 2010
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1199:
1177:Harkins 1956
1172:
1165:Guardia 2010
1160:
1046:service star
1010:with bronze
728:
720:
717:
713:
689:
678:
667:
646:
643:
626:
607:
600:
575:
573:
565:U.S. Marines
536:
518:
510:
474:
451:
431:
407:
383:Mount Arayat
339:
336:World War II
330:
314:
302:Fort Benning
282:
267:
238:World War II
210:
209:
147:World War II
143:Battles/wars
76:(1982-06-30)
2024:1982 deaths
2019:1911 births
1775:Brooks 2003
1036:Bronze Star
1024:Silver Star
616:commander,
557:Eighth Army
545:South Korea
543:began when
439:Mrs. Osmena
198:Bronze Star
190:Silver Star
2013:Categories
1923:17 January
1533:Smith 2005
1521:Hogan 1995
1461:Hogan 1995
1153:References
683:to lead a
664:Later life
622:Fort Bragg
584:Aaron Bank
541:Korean War
514:war crimes
399:Herb Swick
379:Hukbalahap
362:cordillera
358:Corregidor
246:Aaron Bank
167:Korean War
87:Allegiance
58:1911-10-23
1952:668251410
1885:528429065
588:Jedburghs
553:MacArthur
419:USAFIP-NL
296:with the
230:guerrilla
219:U.S. Army
128:1934–1957
18:Volckmann
1996:29914614
1979:51770253
1842:(1954).
1724:9 August
1692:25 March
1668:25 March
1644:25 March
1596:25 March
1206:25 March
1200:Assembly
1136:See also
614:division
470:barracks
171:Cold War
105:Service/
1906:1827222
1854:1535784
1832:Sources
638:colonel
447:USS Gar
411:Balatoc
373:in the
264:Pre-war
236:during
1994:
1977:
1967:
1950:
1940:
1904:
1883:
1873:
1852:
710:Family
523:, now
491:, and
462:Ifugao
443:Baguio
346:Bataan
177:Awards
116:
107:branch
96:
630:major
620:, at
466:Luzon
367:Thorp
354:Luzon
1992:OCLC
1975:OCLC
1965:ISBN
1948:OCLC
1938:ISBN
1925:2022
1902:OCLC
1881:OCLC
1871:ISBN
1850:OCLC
1726:2012
1694:2023
1670:2023
1646:2023
1598:2023
1208:2023
647:The
427:SWPA
248:and
228:and
133:Rank
71:Died
52:Born
598:".
569:OSS
425:'s
200:(2)
183:(2)
2015::
1973:.
1946:.
1900:.
1896:.
1879:.
1865:.
1742:.
1710:.
1579:^
1564:^
1285:^
1228:^
1198:.
1184:^
563:,
495:.
487:,
449:.
280:.
276:,
260:.
1998:.
1981:.
1954:.
1927:.
1908:.
1887:.
1856:.
1728:.
1696:.
1672:.
1648:.
1600:.
1523:.
1210:.
1179:.
60:)
56:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
